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Almehmadi AH, Aljohani K. An Assessment of the Clinical Efficacy of a Topical Application of 5% Thymoquinone Gel for Plaque-Induced Gingivitis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1898. [PMID: 39337239 PMCID: PMC11431027 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12181898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingival diseases, encompassing a spectrum of oral health concerns, represent a prevalent issue within the global population. Despite their widespread occurrence, the research landscape concerning effective interventions, particularly those rooted in herbal products, remains somewhat limited. Addressing this knowledge gap, the current study undertook a comprehensive evaluation aimed at assessing the clinical efficacy of a novel intervention: a 5% thymoquinone (TQ) gel. This investigation specifically focused on the application of TQ gel as an adjunctive measure to the standard protocol of scaling (SC) in individuals afflicted with plaque-induced gingivitis. Through rigorous examination and analysis, this study seeks to provide valuable insights into the potential utility and therapeutic benefits of this herbal-based intervention in managing gingival diseases. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of 5% TQ gel using a novel liposome drug delivery as a topical application following SC in gingivitis patients. METHODS A double-blinded, parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial. The study was performed at the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, and Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. This trial enrolled 63 participants in an age group between 18 and 40 years attending the outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, and a clinical diagnosis of gingivitis was made. The enrolled subjects were categorized into three groups: Group I-TQ gel with SC, Group II-Placebo with SC, and Group III-SC alone, and clinical outcomes were measured at baseline and two-week follow-up visits. Plaque index (PI), papillary bleeding index (PBI), and any adverse events with TQ gel are categorized as mild, moderate, and severe. 63 patients. Group I (n = 21); Group II (n = 21); Group III (n = 21). RESULTS The paired t-test compared the mean differences in PI and PBI at two time points and it was observed that there were significant differences in Group I with p-values of 0.04 and 0.05, respectively. A one-way ANOVA test was performed and it showed significant differences in the mean scores between the three groups for PI (p-value-0.01) and PBI (p-value-0.05). The post hoc Tukey's test compared the mean differences in PI and PBI between the groups and the results were in favor of Group I which used TQ gel with SC. CONCLUSIONS The clinical trial concluded that the plaque and gingival bleeding scores were significantly reduced in the group of patients who intervened with TQ gel following SC when compared to SC-alone and placebo groups. Also, there were significant reductions in the scores from the baseline to the two-week follow-up visit in patients treated with TQ gel and SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Almehmadi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Aljohani
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Alarcón-Moreno JC, Flores-Muñoz M, Blázquez-Morales MSL, García-Rivera ME, Rodríguez-Alba JC, Castro-López CR, Nachón-García FJ, Muñoz-Muñoz VH, Nachón-García MG. "The effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment plus zinc and magnesium supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidants enzymes in type 2 diabetes patients: a quasi-experimental study". BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:892. [PMID: 39098894 PMCID: PMC11299399 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal Disease (PD) associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition that affects the oral cavity of people living with T2DM. The mechanisms of the interaction between type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal diseases are complex and involve multiple pathophysiological pathways related to the systemic inflammatory process and oxidative stress. Non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSTP) is considered the standard for the management of this disease; however, patients with systemic conditions such as type 2 Diabetes Mellitus do not seem to respond adequately. For this reason, the use of complementary treatments has been suggested to support non-surgical periodontal treatment to reduce the clinical consequences of the disease and improve the systemic conditions of the patient. The use of zinc gluconate and magnesium oxide as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment and its effects on periodontal clinical features and oxidative stress in patients with Periodontal diseases -type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is poorly understood. METHODS A quasi-experimental study was performed in patients with periodontal diseases associated with T2DM. Initially, 45 subjects who met the selection criteria were included. 19 were assigned to a control group [non-surgical periodontal treatment] and 20 to the experimental group (non-surgical periodontal treatment + 500 mg of magnesium oxide and 50 mg of zinc gluconate for oral supplementation for 30 days) and the data of 6 patients were eliminated. Sociodemographic characteristics, physiological factors, biochemical parameters, and clinical features of periodontal diseases were assessed. RESULTS In this research a change in periodontal clinical characteristics was observed, which has been associated with disease remission. Additionally, a shift in MDA levels was presented for both groups. Furthermore, the supplementation group showed an increase in antioxidant enzymes when compared to the group that only received NSPT. CONCLUSION The use of Zinc gluconate and magnesium oxide can serve as a complementary treatment to non-surgical periodontal treatment, that supports the remission of PD as a result of regulation-reduction of oxidative biomarkers and increase in antioxidant enzymes activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION https://www.isrctn.com ISRCTN 14,092,381. September 13º 2023. Retrospective Registration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mónica Flores-Muñoz
- Clinical and Translational Research Department, Science Health Institute, Universidad Veracruzana, St. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz, CP 91190, México
| | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Javier Nachón-García
- Clinical and Translational Research Department, Science Health Institute, Universidad Veracruzana, St. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz, CP 91190, México
| | | | - María Gabriela Nachón-García
- Clinical and Translational Research Department, Science Health Institute, Universidad Veracruzana, St. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz, CP 91190, México.
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Wen YH, Lin YX, Zhou L, Lin C, Zhang L. The immune landscape in apical periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy. Int Endod J 2024. [PMID: 39087849 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Apical periodontitis (AP) is featured by a persistent inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption initiated by microorganisms, posing risks to both dental and systemic health. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment is the recommended treatment plan for AP with a high success rate, but in some cases, periapical lesions may persist despite standard endodontic treatment. Better comprehension of the AP inflammatory microenvironment can help develop adjunct therapies to improve the outcome of endodontic treatment. This review presents an overview of the immune landscape in AP, elucidating how microbial invasion triggers host immune activation and shapes the inflammatory microenvironment, ultimately impacting bone homeostasis. The destructive effect of excessive immune activation on periapical tissues is emphasized. This review aimed to systematically discuss the immunological basis of AP, the inflammatory bone resorption and the immune cell network in AP, thereby providing insights into potential immunotherapeutic strategies such as targeted therapy, antioxidant therapy, adoptive cell therapy and cytokine therapy to mitigate AP-associated tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Xiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Kızıldağ A, Alpan AL, Aydın TK, Özdede M, Özmen Ö. Assessment and comparative study of diosgenin doses in alleviating experimental periodontitis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:859. [PMID: 39069630 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04646-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was performed to determine the therapeutic effects of diosgenin (DG) which is a steroidal saponin, administered at different doses on alveolar bone loss (ABL) in rats with experimental periodontitis using immunohistochemical and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS Thirty-two male Wistar rats divided into four equal groups: control (non-ligated), periodontitis (P), DG-48, and DG-96. Sutures were placed at the gingival margin of the lower first molars to induce experimental periodontitis. Then, 48 and 96 mg/kg of DG was administered to the study groups by oral gavage for 29 days. At day 30, the animals were sacrificed and ABL was determined via CBCT. The expression patterns of osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen (Col-1), B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl 2), Bcl 2-associated X protein (Bax), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and receptor activator of NF κB ligand (RANKL) were examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS Histopathologic examination showed all features of the advanced lesion in the P group. DG use decreased all these pathologic changes. It was observed that periodontitis pathology decreased as the dose increased. DG treatment increased the ALP, OCN, Bcl 2, Col-1, and BMP-2 levels in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the P group (p < 0.05). DG decreased the expression of RANKL and Bax in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). ABL was significantly lower in the DG-48 and DG-96 groups than in the P group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings suggest that DG administration protects rats from periodontal tissue damage with a dose-dependent manner, provides an increase in markers of bone formation, decreases in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and osteoclast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Kızıldağ
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Aysan Lektemür Alpan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Köseoğlu Aydın
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melih Özdede
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Özmen
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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Bas TG. Bioactivity and Bioavailability of Carotenoids Applied in Human Health: Technological Advances and Innovation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7603. [PMID: 39062844 PMCID: PMC11277215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This article presents a groundbreaking perspective on carotenoids, focusing on their innovative applications and transformative potential in human health and medicine. Research jointly delves deeper into the bioactivity and bioavailability of carotenoids, revealing therapeutic uses and technological advances that have the potential to revolutionize medical treatments. We explore pioneering therapeutic applications in which carotenoids are used to treat chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and age-related macular degeneration, offering novel protective mechanisms and innovative therapeutic benefits. Our study also shows cutting-edge technological innovations in carotenoid extraction and bioavailability, including the development of supramolecular carriers and advanced nanotechnology, which dramatically improve the absorption and efficacy of these compounds. These technological advances not only ensure consistent quality but also tailor carotenoid therapies to each patient's health needs, paving the way for personalized medicine. By integrating the latest scientific discoveries and innovative techniques, this research provides a prospective perspective on the clinical applications of carotenoids, establishing a new benchmark for future studies in this field. Our findings underscore the importance of optimizing carotenoid extraction, administration, bioactivity, and bioavailability methods to develop more effective, targeted, and personalized treatments, thus offering visionary insight into their potential in modern medical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Gabriel Bas
- Escuela de Ciencias Empresariales, Universidad Catolica del Norte, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile
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Talpos Niculescu S, Avramut R, Hajaj T, Nikolajevic-Stoican N, Maracineanu R, Perdiou A, Talpos Niculescu R, Pricop M, Ghircau-Radu R, Luca MM, Popa M. Evaluating the Therapeutic Properties of Natural Products in Orthodontic and Surgical Treatment of Dentofacial Deformities: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2024; 16:1941. [PMID: 38931295 PMCID: PMC11206340 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of natural products as alternatives to traditional pharmacological treatments in orthodontics is gaining interest due to their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of natural products in reducing inflammation and bacterial presence in orthodontic and orthognathic treatment settings. The database search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Embase up to January 2024. The review focused on randomized controlled trials only. The selected studies centered on the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects of natural products, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for data extraction. Nine studies, totaling 358 participants, were included. Significant findings demonstrated a reduction in gingival inflammation by over 40% with the use of Aloe vera compared to chlorhexidine. Another study noted a decrease in bleeding on probing by 13.6 points in the treatment group over placebo. Additionally, honey showed a rapid modulation of plaque pH and significantly reduced bacterial counts of Streptococcus mutans. Furthermore, the use of resveratrol emulgel was linked to substantial improvements in gingival health, with a reduction in the gingival index and probing pocket depth. The results indicate that natural products can significantly enhance orthodontic treatment outcomes by reducing inflammation and bacterial levels. These products offer effective alternatives to traditional treatments and show potential for integration into routine orthodontic care protocols. Further research is encouraged to standardize application methods and dosages to maximize clinical benefits and patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serban Talpos Niculescu
- Discipline of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Robert Avramut
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.A.); (N.N.-S.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Tareq Hajaj
- Discipline of Prostheses Technology and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Nicoleta Nikolajevic-Stoican
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.A.); (N.N.-S.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Raluca Maracineanu
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.A.); (N.N.-S.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Antonis Perdiou
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.A.); (N.N.-S.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Roxana Talpos Niculescu
- Discipline of Odontotherapy-Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Pricop
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.A.); (N.N.-S.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | | | - Magda Mihaela Luca
- Pediatric Dentistry Research Center (Pedo-Research), Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Malina Popa
- Pediatric Dentistry Research Center (Pedo-Research), Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Ionescu C, Kamal FZ, Ciobica A, Halitchi G, Burlui V, Petroaie AD. Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Oral Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1150. [PMID: 38927357 PMCID: PMC11200501 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, arising from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, contributes significantly to oral cancer such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) initiation, promotion, and progression. ROS, generated both internally and externally, induce cellular damage including DNA mutations and lipid peroxidation, fostering oncogene activation and carcinogenesis. The objective of this review was to cover and analyze the interplay between ROS and antioxidants, influencing the key processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, shaping the trajectory of OSCC development. Despite the promise of antioxidants to halt cancer progression and mitigate oxidative damage, their therapeutic efficacy remains debated. The conducted literature search highlighted potential biomarkers that indicate levels of oxidative stress, showing promise for the early detection and monitoring of OSCC. Furthermore, melatonin has emerged as a promising adjunct therapy for OSCC, exerting antioxidant and oncostatic effects by modulating tumor-associated neutrophils and inhibiting cancer cell survival and migration. In addition, this review aims to shed light on developing personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with OSCC such as melatonin therapy, which will be discussed. Research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of oxidative stress modulation in the context of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Ionescu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (C.I.); (A.C.)
- Clinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Fatima Zahra Kamal
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Technical (ISPITS), Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Processes and Materials, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University, B.P. 539, Settat 26000, Morocco
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I no. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (C.I.); (A.C.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, Teodor Codrescu 2, 700481 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Str. Splaiul Independentei no. 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Halitchi
- Clinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Vasile Burlui
- Clinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Str. Splaiul Independentei no. 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Antoneta Dacia Petroaie
- Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Tavares SJS, Pereira CR, Fortes RAM, Alves BES, Fonteles CSR, Wong DVT, Lima-Júnior RCP, Moraes MO, Lima V. Umbelliferone reduces inflammation and ligature-induced osteoclastic alveolar bone resorption in mice. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38742802 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the effects of Umbelliferone (UMB) on the inflammation underlying alveolar bone resorption in mouse periodontitis. METHODS Male Swiss mice subjected to a ligature of molars were grouped as non-treated (NT), received UMB (15, 45, or 135 mg/kg) or saline daily for 7 days, respectively, and were compared with naïve mice as control. Gingival tissues were evaluated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and interleukin-1β level by ELISA. The bone resorption was directly assessed on the region between the cement-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. Microscopically, histomorphometry of the furcation region, immunofluorescence for nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB), and immunohistochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and cathepsin K (CTSK) were performed. Systemically, body mass variation and leukogram were analyzed. RESULTS Periodontitis significantly increased MPO activity, interleukin-1β level, and NF-ĸB+ immunofluorescence, and induced severe alveolar bone and furcation resorptions, besides increased TRAP+ and CTSK+ cells compared with naïve. UMB significantly prevented the inflammation by reducing MPO activity, interleukin-1β level, and NF-ĸB+ intensity, besides reduction of resorption of alveolar bone and furcation area, and TRAP+ and CTSK+ cells compared with the NT group. Periodontitis or UMB treatment did not affect the animals systemically. CONCLUSION UMB improved periodontitis by reducing inflammation and bone markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Jessica Silva Tavares
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Course of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Camila Rodrigues Pereira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Course of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Elen Souza Alves
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Sá Roriz Fonteles
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Course of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico Moraes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Vilma Lima
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Liu X, Li H. Global trends in research on aging associated with periodontitis from 2002 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1374027. [PMID: 38800469 PMCID: PMC11116588 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1374027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Aging has been implicated in many chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by long-term irritation of the periodontal tissues by the plaque biofilm on the surface of the teeth. However, only a few bibliometric analyses have systematically studied this field to date. This work sought to visualize research hot spots and trends in aging associated with periodontitis from 2002 to 2023 through bibliometric approaches. Methods Graphpad prism v8.0.2 was used to analyse and plot annual papers, national publication trends and national publication heat maps. In addition, CtieSpace (6.1.6R (64-bit) Advanced Edition) and VOSviewer (version 1.6.18) were used to analyse these data and visualize the scientific knowledge graph. Results The number of documents related to aging associated with periodontitis has steadily increased over 21 years. With six of the top ten institutions in terms of publications coming from the US, the US is a major driver of research in this area. journal of periodontology is the most published journal in the field. Tonetti MS is the most prolific authors and co-cited authors in the field. Journal of Periodontology and Journal of Clinical Periodontology are the most popular journals in the field with the largest literature. Periodontitis, Alzheimer's disease, and peri-implantitis are current hot topics and trends in the field. Inflammation, biomarkers, oxidative stress cytokines are current research hotspots in this field. Conclusion Our research found that global publications regarding research on aging associated with periodontitis increased dramatically and were expected to continue increasing. Inflammation and aging, and the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases, are topics worthy of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongjiao Li
- Department of Stomatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Juiz PJL, Ferreira LTB, Pires EA, Villarreal CF. Patent Mining on the Use of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in the Technological Development for the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:566. [PMID: 38790671 PMCID: PMC11117607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition characterized by an aberrant immune response against a dysbiotic dental biofilm, with oxidative stress performing an essential role in its pathogenesis. This paper presents a patent mining, performed in the Orbit Intelligence patent database, related to antioxidant phytochemicals in the technological developments that are working to prevent and treat periodontal disease. To access the documents, the descriptors "PERIODONTAL" and "ANTIOXIDANT" were typed in the title, abstract, and claim search fields. A total of 322 patents demonstrate the growing interest in researching natural antioxidants for scientific and technological purposes. The top ten countries regarding the number of family patents produced were the United States, the European Office, Japan, South Korea, China, India, Mexico, Denmark, Canada, and Great Britain. The most cited compounds were vitamin C, green tea, quercetin, melatonin, lycopene, resveratrol, and curcumin. These compounds have been used for the technological development of gels, membranes, dentifrices, chewing gum, orally disintegrating film, mouthwash, mouth spray, and mouth massage cream and exhibit the ability to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, a critical factor in the development and progression of periodontal diseases. The patent documents have shown that using antioxidant compounds in conjunction with traditional periodontal treatments is a promising area of interest in periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo José Lima Juiz
- Center for Science and Technology in Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Feira de Santana 44042-280, BA, Brazil; (P.J.L.J.); (L.T.B.F.)
| | - Luiza Teles Barbalho Ferreira
- Center for Science and Technology in Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Feira de Santana 44042-280, BA, Brazil; (P.J.L.J.); (L.T.B.F.)
| | - Edilson Araújo Pires
- Faculty of Education and Integrated Sciences of Sertão de Canindé, State University of Ceará, Canindé 62700-000, CE, Brazil;
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11
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Kainat R, Ahmed I, Alolaywi AM, Waheed H, Sultan ZK, Moin SF. Assessment of Salivary MMP-8 and IL-1β for the Diagnosis of Periodontal Diseases in Pakistani Population. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:672-679. [PMID: 38086426 PMCID: PMC11132764 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical methods use the subjective diagnosis of periodontal diseases by visual observation that could result in differences and variability of diagnosis. The addition of specific markers could aid in the accurate diagnosis of the local population. The objective of the study was to target two of the major proteins for possible significance in such an approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 60 participants aged between 18 and 70 years. Three groups each with twenty participants were recruited into periodontitis, gingivitis, and healthy control. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The samples were analyzed using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits for matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). RESULTS SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the result. Posthoc analysis by Tukey's test revealed that MMP-8 levels were higher in gingivitis and periodontitis groups as compared with healthy controls. The test also revealed that IL-1β levels were higher in the periodontitis group compared with the healthy control and gingivitis group. Additionally, one-way analysis of variance analysis showed a significant effect on probing depth in gingivitis and periodontitis patients. The mean age of periodontitis group was significantly higher than other groups. CONCLUSION Salivary biomarkers may provide useful diagnostic information and could be utilized as tests for periodontal disease screening, prognosis, and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Kainat
- Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Humera Waheed
- Dow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Khurshid Sultan
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudia Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Syed Faraz Moin
- Dr. Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Cerkezi S, Nakova M, Gorgoski I, Ferati K, Bexheti-Ferati A, Palermo A, Inchingolo AD, Ferrante L, Inchingolo AM, Inchingolo F, Dipalma G. The Role of Sulfhydryl (Thiols) Groups in Oral and Periodontal Diseases. Biomedicines 2024; 12:882. [PMID: 38672236 PMCID: PMC11048028 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The sulfhydryl (thiols) group of glutathione plays an important role in the neutralization of foreign organic compounds and the reduction in peroxides. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the concentration of sulfhydryl groups in the gingival tissue of healthy individuals and those with gingivitis or periodontitis, and to examine the differences between these groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS To assess the concentration of sulfhydryl groups (thiols) in the gingival tissue of healthy individuals and those with gingivitis or periodontitis, we used spectrophotometric analysis using dithionitrobenzoate (DTNB) as a reagent to measure the accessible sulfhydryl groups present in gingival tissue proteins. The sample was divided into three distinct groups: individuals with periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, and different indices were used to assess the periodontal status of the participants. Next, a statistical analysis was conducted to compare the concentrations of sulfhydryl groups among the different groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed significantly decreased levels of sulfhydryl (thiols) groups in gingival tissue from patients with gingivitis and periodontitis, compared with healthy people (control group). These results confirm the role of sulfhydryl (thiols) groups in defense against free radicals. They share a significant role in detoxification, signal transduction, apoptosis, and various other functions at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabetim Cerkezi
- Orthodontic Department, Dentristy School, Medical Science Faculty, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetova, North Macedonia;
| | - Marija Nakova
- Periodontology Department, Dentistry School, Medical Science Faculty, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetova, North Macedonia;
| | - Icko Gorgoski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University St. Cyril and Methodius, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Kenan Ferati
- Faculty of Medicine, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetovo, North Macedonia; (K.F.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Arberesha Bexheti-Ferati
- Faculty of Medicine, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetovo, North Macedonia; (K.F.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Laura Ferrante
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
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13
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Miao D, Zhao L, Cao R. Association between ethylene oxide exposure and periodontitis: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2013-2014. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:195. [PMID: 38229065 PMCID: PMC10790520 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ethylene oxide (EO) induces inflammation and oxidative stress, which are the main mechanisms of periodontitis. However, the effect of EO on periodontal health is not unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between EO exposure and the risk of periodontitis in general US adults. METHODS Data used in our study from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014. The EO biomarker, hemoglobin adduct of EO (HbEO), was measured in blood samples utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Periodontitis category was defined by the CDC/AAP according to clinical periodontal parameters. Natural cubic spline, weight multivariable logistic regression analyses and subgroup analysis were used to explore the association between EO exposure and the risk of periodontitis. RESULTS A total of 1497 participants over the age of 30 were included in our study. A non-linear positive association with periodontitis was identified for HbEO levels. Participants in the highest tertile of HbEO levels were more likely to have poorer periodontal health compared to the lowest tertile (ORtertile3vs1 = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.85-4.24). Similar results were also found in different subgroups. CONCLUSIONS HbEO levels are positively associated with poor periodontal health in US adults. Additional longitudinal studies are necessary to further enhance our comprehension of the impact of exposure to EO on periodontal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Miao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruoyan Cao
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North Street 117, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China.
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14
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Sarasati A, Jonarta AL. Potential targets of phytochemical immunomodulatory therapy in periodontitis immunopathogenesis: A narrative review. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:920-928. [PMID: 38107043 PMCID: PMC10724349 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent diseases occurring worldwide, and is caused by an imbalance of host immunological defenses and microbiome profile which occurs in the oral cavity. This imbalance leads to irregularity and uncontrolled activities of immune cells, resulting in over-reactivity of periodontopathogens and tissue destruction. To alleviate periodontitis, exact targeting of specific events involving particular cells could be a potential application of immunomodulatory agents. Phytochemical drug development targeting specific immunopathogenesis events could be a promising complementary, alternative approach to periodontal therapy. Objectives This review aimed to explore various events involving a variety of cells in the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis in order to determine potential specific immunomodulation targets for future development of effective phytochemical drugs. Results Immunopathogenesis of periodontitis contributes significantly to the disease onset and resolution. Various events occur during the disease development, which involve a variety of immune cells and mediators. Among these, neutrophils, cytokines and lymphocytes, especially Th17 cells, were reported to be the most relevant components in the disease pathogenesis. These components affect the initial responses to periodontopathogens, inhibit oxidative stress formation, control intercellular communication to enhance inflammation, and promote effector cells' migration to induce alveolar bone resorption. Several phytochemical drugs were developed to cure periodontitis, however, the development of phytochemical immunomodulatory drugs to target specific events has not been realized. Conclusion This review concluded that development of phytochemical immunomodulatory drugs to target particular events generated by neutrophils, pro-inflammatory cytokines and lymphocytes has tremendous potential to regulate and modulate the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andari Sarasati
- Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Alma Linggar Jonarta
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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15
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Karthik M, Manoharan S, Muralinaidu R. Ursolic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles suppress 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced oral tumor formation through their antilipid peroxidative potential in golden Syrian hamsters. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3061-3074. [PMID: 37162542 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer, a disfiguring and life threatening cancer, significantly affects the day-to-day life of not only the patients but also their family members in terms of life quality and financial burden. India records higher incidence of oral cancer every year and is mainly due to the habituation of tobacco products and alcohol abuse. Delay in diagnosis and treatment influences India's higher incidence of oral cancer, where annually 50,000-60,000 oral carcinoma cases are reported. 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced cancer in the oral cavity mimics human oral cancer in histopathological, molecular, and morphological aspects, and thus, by using this paradigm, the tumor inhibiting efficacy of medicinal plants or herbs and their components is scientifically validated. Ursolic acid, due to its multiple pharmacological effects, has been attracted, in recent years, for chemoprevention research program. Though, ursolic acid has been shown to have beneficial effects, its poor water solubility and bioavailability hinder to exert its 100% efficacy. Therefore, ursolic acid is encapsulated in either natural or synthetic polymers to enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Chitosan is one of the natural polymers that have been employed in the synthesis of nanoparticles to improve the drug efficacy. The present study has thus chosen ursolic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (UACNP) to assess its anticancer efficacy in the DMBA-induced oral carcinoma. The anticancer efficacy of UACNP in experimental oral carcinogenesis was assessed by employing the status of oxidative markers and detoxification cascade as an end point. DMBA-induced abnormalities in the status of oxidative markers and detoxification cascade were reversed by ursolic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. The tumor inhibiting or suppressing effect of UACNP is thus explored in experimental oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Karthik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Manoharan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Radhakrishnan Muralinaidu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Rajah Muthiah Dental College, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Jiang W, Wang Y, Cao Z, Chen Y, Si C, Sun X, Huang S. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis: From mechanisms to therapeutic strategy. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:853-863. [PMID: 37332252 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tooth-supporting tissue and has become the leading cause of adult tooth loss. The most central pathological features of periodontitis are tissue damage and inflammatory reaction. As the energy metabolism center of eukaryotic cells, mitochondrion plays a notable role in various processes, such as cell function and inflammatory response. When the intracellular homeostasis of mitochondrion is disrupted, it can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and inability to generate adequate energy to maintain basic cellular biochemical reactions. Recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the initiation and development of periodontitis. The excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, imbalance of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial DNA damage can all affect the development and progression of periodontitis. Thus, targeted mitochondrial therapy is potentially promising in periodontitis treatment. In this review, we summarize the above mitochondrial mechanism in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and discuss some potential approaches that can exert therapeutic effects on periodontitis by modulating mitochondrial activity. The understanding and summary of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis might provide new research directions for pathological intervention or treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zelin Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenli Si
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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17
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Fakhri LA, Ghanbarzadeh B, Falcone PM. New Healthy Low-Sugar and Carotenoid-Enriched/High-Antioxidant Beverage: Study of Optimization and Physicochemical Properties. Foods 2023; 12:3265. [PMID: 37685198 PMCID: PMC10486365 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a prominent biologically active carotenoid pigment with a polyene skeleton that has great benefits for human health. The study examined the synergistic effects of potentially functional components, including lutein carotenoid (LC), Mentha × Piperita extract (MPE), and Citrus × aurantifolia essential oil (CAEO), all three as bioactive components and antioxidants (AOs), on the physicochemical characteristics of a new low-sugar and carotenoid-enriched high-antioxidant beverage. Sucralose was utilized as a non-nutritive sweetener. Polynomial equations obtained by combined design methodology (CDM) were fitted to the experimental data of total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC, respectively) and antioxidant potential of the beverages using multiple regression analysis with R2 (determination coefficient) values of 0.87, 0.89, and 0.97, respectively. Estimated response values for the TPC, TFC, and antioxidant potential (determined as 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) scavenging activity) of the optimum beverage formulation were 41.90 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per L-1, 27.51 mg quercetin equivalent (QE) per L-1, and 34.06%, respectively, with a desirability value of 0.74. The potentially functional components had a synergistic effect on the antioxidant potential. This healthy beverage can have the potential to enhance health benefits and may have therapeutic potential for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abolghasemi Fakhri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz P.O. Box 51666-16471, Iran;
| | - Babak Ghanbarzadeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz P.O. Box 51666-16471, Iran;
| | - Pasquale M. Falcone
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University Polytechnical of Marche, Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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18
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Li G, Yu Q, Li M, Zhang D, Yu J, Yu X, Xia C, Lin J, Han L, Huang H. Phyllanthus emblica fruits: a polyphenol-rich fruit with potential benefits for oral management. Food Funct 2023; 14:7738-7759. [PMID: 37529983 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01671d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn., which mainly grows in tropical and subtropical regions, is well-known for its medicine and food homology properties. It has a distinctive flavor, great nutritional content, and potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunoregulatory effects. According to an increasing amount of scientific and clinical evidence, this fruit shows significant potential for application and development in the field of oral health management. Through the supplementation of vitamins, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other nutrients reduce virulence expression of various oral pathogens, prevent tissue and mucosal damage caused by oxidative stress, etc. Phyllanthus emblica fruit can promote saliva secretion, regulate the balance of the oral microecology, prevent and treat oral cancer early, promote alveolar bone remodeling and aid mucosal wound healing. Thus, it plays a specific role in the prevention and treatment of common oral disorders, producing surprising results. For instance, enhancing the effectiveness of scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis, relieving mucosal inflammation caused by radiotherapy for oral cancer, and regulating the blood glucose metabolism to alleviate oral discomfort. Herein, we systematically review the latest research on the use of Phyllanthus emblica fruit in the management of oral health and examine the challenges and future research directions based on its chemical composition and characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Mengqi Li
- Pharmacy department, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Ji Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Chenxi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China.
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Haozhou Huang
- State key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, 620010, China
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Shang J, Liu H, Zheng Y, Zhang Z. Role of oxidative stress in the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1210449. [PMID: 37501927 PMCID: PMC10369007 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1210449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease. It is characterized by destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth and could lead to tooth loss and systemic inflammation. Bacteria in inflamed gingival tissue and virulence factors are capable of entering the bloodstream to induce systemic inflammatory response, thus influencing the pathological process of many diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, as well as liver injury. An increasing body of evidence show the complex interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in disease pathogenesis. When periodontitis occurs, increased reactive oxygen species accumulation leads to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress contributes to major cellular components damage, including DNA, proteins, and lipids. In this article, the focus will be on oxidative stress in periodontal disease, the relationship between periodontitis and systemic inflammation, and the impact of periodontal therapy on oxidative stress parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shang
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Youli Zheng
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
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20
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Devanesan S, Elankathirselvan K, AlSalhi A, AlSalhi MS, Asemi NN, Aldawsari M, Jhanani GK. UPLC‒ESI‒MS/MS profiling of active polyphenolics in Morinda coreia leaf extract and in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138179. [PMID: 36849022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, aqueous and methanol extracts of Morinda coreia (MC) leaves were tested for antioxidant and antibacterial activity under in vitro conditions. Phytochemical analysis using UPLC-ESI-MS revealed the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, amino acids, proteins, saponins, and tannins. Under in vitro conditions, antioxidant test using DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power demonstrated that the plant leaves play a crucial role in antioxidant activity compared to the commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging activities showed that the IC50 values of the M. coreia methanol extract were 26.35 μg/mL and 200.23 μg/mL, respectively. The methanol extract of M. coreia contained higher levels of total phenols and flavonoids and higher free radical scavenging capacity than the aqueous extract. FTIR analysis of the methanol extract showed a substantial number of phenols in the functional groups of M. coreia leaves. The well diffusion assay using the methanolic extract of M. coreia (200 μg/mL) leaves showed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19 ± 0.85 mm), Proteus sp. (20 ± 0.97 mm), Streptococcus sp. (21 ± 1.29 mm), and Enterobacter sp. (17 ± 0.2 mm). Thus, the present study revealed that the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of M. coreia leaf extract was due to the presence of 18 unknown and 15 primary known polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kasber Elankathirselvan
- Department of Chemistry, Tiruvallur University, Serkkadu, Vellore, 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdulaziz AlSalhi
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 7361, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nassar N Asemi
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majdoleen Aldawsari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - G K Jhanani
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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21
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Li S, Yang W, Li A, Zhang L, Guo L. Protective effect of Nrf2 in periodontitis - A preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 151:105713. [PMID: 37119746 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, while Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) acts a significant part in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune response. However, the evidence in preclinical studies to certify Nrf2 can slow down the progression of periodontitis or facilitate its recovery is not enough. The present report aims to investigate the functional implications of Nrf2 in animal periodontitis models by evaluating the changes of Nrf2 levels and analyzing the clinical benefits of Nrf2 activation in the same models. DESIGN We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang databases. The random-effects model was used to evaluate the mean differences (MD) and 95 % confidence intervals (95%CI) when the units of measurements of outcome indicators were the same, in contrast, the standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95%CI were evaluated while the units were different. RESULTS 8 studies were included for quantitative synthesis. Compared with healthy groups, the expression of Nrf2 was markedly lower in periodontitis groups (SMD: -3.69; 95%CI: -6.25, -1.12). After administration of kinds of Nrf2-activators, a significant increase in Nrf2 levels (SMD: 2.01; 95%CI: 1.27, 2.76) was accompanied by a decrease in distance between cementoenamel junction and alveolar bone crest (CEJ-ABC) (SMD: -2.14; 95%CI: -3.29, -0.99) and an improvement of bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) (SMD:17.51; 95%CI: 16.24, 18.77) was evaluated compared with periodontitis groups. CONCLUSIONS Nrf2 has a certain protective effect on periodontitis, however, the specific role Nrf2 plays in the development and severity of periodontitis remains to be demonstrated. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022328008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Li
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wanrong Yang
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ailing Li
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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Arias Z, Nizami MZI, Chen X, Chai X, Xu B, Kuang C, Omori K, Takashiba S. Recent Advances in Apical Periodontitis Treatment: A Narrative Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040488. [PMID: 37106675 PMCID: PMC10136087 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory response caused by pulp infection. It induces bone resorption in the apical and periapical regions of the tooth. The most conservative approach to treat this condition is nonsurgical endodontic treatment. However, clinical failure has been reported with this approach; thus, alternative procedures are required. This review highlights recent literature regarding advanced approaches for the treatment of apical periodontitis. Various therapies, including biological medications, antioxidants, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, and stem cell therapy, have been tested to increase the success rate of treatment for apical periodontitis. Some of these approaches remain in the in vivo phase of research, while others have just entered the translational research phase to validate clinical application. However, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms that occur during development of the immunoinflammatory reaction in apical periodontitis remains unclear. The aim of this review was to summarize advanced approaches for the treatment of apical periodontitis. Further research can confirm the potential of these alternative nonsurgical endodontic treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Arias
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mohammed Zahedul Islam Nizami
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Xinyi Chai
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Canyan Kuang
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Omori
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Pasupuleti MK, Nagate RR, Alqahtani SM, Penmetsa GS, Gottumukkala SNVS, Ramesh KSV. Role of Medicinal Herbs in Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:9-16. [PMID: 37153928 PMCID: PMC10155875 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_210_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives The use of medicinal herbs to prevent gingival and periodontal diseases has become increasingly popular due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This systematic review aims to provide the current literature to validate the traditional use of medicinal herbs in the management of gingival and periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods An online literature search was conducted to identify research papers published from 2010 to 2022 in three major scientific databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, in June 2022. Original research studies, case reports, and systematic reviews on medicinal plants' application in oral health care were selected to be included in this systematic review. Only high-quality articles identified in the quality assessment were included for evidence synthesis. Results Initial keyword research yielded 726 free-text articles published between 2010 and 2022. Of these, 14 articles (8 research papers and 6 reviews) were included for evidence synthesis. The review's findings indicate that the antibacterial property of medicinal plants is due to their alkaline nature and prevents plaque and calculus formation by maintaining acid-alkali balance in saliva. Various parts of medicinal plants help maintain periodontal health. Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major effectively inhibit primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens. Medicago sativa, Aloe barbadensis Miller, and Trifolium pratense have excellent applications in treating periodontal diseases. Mangifera indica, Pongamia pinnata, the husk of Cocos nucifera, the root of G. glabra and Curcuma longa, leaves of Psidium guajava and Azadirachta indica, fruits of Citrus medica and Punica granatum, Ocimum Moringa oleifera extract, and pomegranate peel extract can serve as a promising alternative in managing chronic gingivitis. Conclusion The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and astringent action of extracts obtained from various parts of medicinal plants make them effective in reducing gingival and periodontal diseases. Herbal medicine may be a viable alternative to contemporary pharmaceuticals as an adjuvant to scaling and root planning procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram 534202, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India. E-mail:
| | - Raghavendra R Nagate
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences (PCS), College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Alqahtani
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences (PCS), College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gautami S Penmetsa
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sruthima N V S Gottumukkala
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K S V Ramesh
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Ma F, Luo S, Lu C, Jiang X, Chen K, Deng J, Ma S, Li Z. The role of Nrf2 in periodontal disease by regulating lipid peroxidation, inflammation and apoptosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:963451. [PMID: 36482997 PMCID: PMC9723463 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.963451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) is a transcription factor that mainly regulates oxidative stress in the body. It initiates the expression of several downstream antioxidants, anti-inflammatory proteins and detoxification enzymes through the Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1) -nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) -antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. Its anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects have gradually become the focus of periodontal disease research in recent years. In this paper, the structure and function of Nrf2 pathway and its mechanism of action in the treatment of periodontitis in recent years were analyzed and summarized, so as to further clarify the relationship between Nrf2 pathway and oxidative stress in the occurrence and development of periodontitis, and to provide ideas for the development of new treatment drugs targeting Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Ma
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shangdie Luo
- Department of Orthodontics, Huizhou Stomatological Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunting Lu
- Science and Education Office, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinrong Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kexiao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyuan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zejian Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Chaoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
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Serum Antioxidant Vitamins Mediate the Association between Periodontitis and Metabolically Unhealthy Overweight/Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224939. [PMID: 36432625 PMCID: PMC9694708 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease is associated with metabolic syndrome and obesity. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether serum antioxidant vitamins could mediate the association between periodontitis and a metabolically unhealthy phenotype in the overweight and obese population; Methods: We included 6158 Americans (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Periodontitis was defined using a half-reduced CDC/AAP (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology) definition. Having two or more metabolic abnormalities was defined as a metabolically unhealthy overweight and obese (MUO) phenotype. Mediation analysis of four oxidative stress biomarkers (serum antioxidant vitamins A, C, D, and E) was conducted; Results: Of participants with overweight and obesity, 2052 (33.3%) Americans were categorized as having periodontitis. Periodontitis increased dyslipidemia risk and systemic inflammation in the overweight and obese population. In the multivariable logistic regression model, periodontitis was positively associated with MUO (adjusted odds ratio = 1.238; 95% confidence interval: 1.091 to 1.406). These findings were validated in an independent cohort. Serum vitamins C and D were estimated to mediate 19.3% and 8.4% of the periodontitis-MUO association. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis might decrease serum vitamins C and D and induce a metabolically unhealthy state among adults with overweight and obesity.
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Aisha S, Hamza B, Malik F. Redox balance and autophagy regulation in cancer progression and their therapeutic perspective. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:12. [PMID: 36352310 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cellular ROS production participates in various cellular functions but its accumulation decides the cell fate. Malignant cells have higher levels of ROS and active antioxidant machinery, a characteristic hallmark of cancer with an outcome of activation of stress-induced pathways like autophagy. Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process that produces alternative raw materials to meet the energy demand of cells and is influenced by the cellular redox state thus playing a definite role in cancer cell fate. Since damaged mitochondria are the main source of ROS in the cell, however, cancer cells remove them by upregulating the process of mitophagy which is known to play a decisive role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Chemotherapy exploits cell machinery which results in the accumulation of toxic levels of ROS in cells resulting in cell death by activating either of the pathways like apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis or autophagy in them. So understanding these redox and autophagy regulations offers a promising method to design and develop new cancer therapies that can be very effective and durable for years. This review will give a summary of the current therapeutic molecules targeting redox regulation and autophagy for the treatment of cancer. Further, it will highlight various challenges in developing anticancer agents due to autophagy and ROS regulation in the cell and insights into the development of future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sanat Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sanat Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shariqa Aisha
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Baseerat Hamza
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sanat Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Hachem K, Bokov D, Mahdavian L. Antioxidant Capacity of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester in Scavenging Free Radicals by a Computational Insight. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2053174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kadda Hachem
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Saida - Dr Moulay Tahar, Saida, Algeria
| | - Dmitry Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Leila Mahdavian
- Department of Chemistry, Doroud Branch, Islamic Azad University, Doroud, Iran
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28
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Exploring the pharmacological components and effective mechanism of Mori Folium against periodontitis using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 139:105391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Li X, Liu X, Ding X, Liu X, Cao N, Deng Y, Hou Y, Yu W. Resveratrol protects renal damages induced by periodontitis via preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in rats. Oral Dis 2022; 29:1812-1825. [PMID: 35146845 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is closely associated with kidney disease and reactive oxygen species (ROS) involvement. Mitochondria are the primary source of both endogenous ROS and renal energy. We investigated whether resveratrol (RSV) prevents renal injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis rats. METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into control, experimental periodontitis (Ep), and Ep-RSV groups. To induce periodontitis, a steel ligature was placed on the cervix of the bilateral first maxillary molars. RSV (50 mg/kg/d) to the Ep-RSV group and vehicle to the Ep and control groups were gavaged. After 8 weeks, alveolar bone loss, pocket depth, gingival blood index, and tooth mobility were assessed. Oxidative stress parameters, mitochondrial structure, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial ROS, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) were analysed in renal. Renal function and histology were also evaluated. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the Ep group showed renal structural destruction, elevated oxidative stress levels, mitochondrial structure destruction, MMP loss, mitochondrial ROS accumulation, ATP reduction, and decreased SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels. RSV prevented these destruction (p < .05). However, there was no significant impairment in renal function (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis induced mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tissues. Resveratrol exerts a preventive effect on periodontitis-induced kidney injury by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - X Ding
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - N Cao
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Y Deng
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Y Hou
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - W Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin University Stomatology Hospital, 1500 Qinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, Changchun, 130021, China
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Basilicata M, Di Lauro M, Campolattano V, Marrone G, Celotto R, Mitterhofer AP, Bollero P, Di Daniele N, Noce A. Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Oral Diseases in Nephropathic Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031665. [PMID: 35162688 PMCID: PMC8835582 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Among the chronic non-communicable degenerative diseases (CDNCDs), chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a global public health problem. Recent studies demonstrate a mutual cause–effect relationship between CKD and oral diseases, in which the presence of one induces the onset and faster progression of the other. In particular, the oral cavity alterations more frequent in CKD patients are: chronic periodontitis diseases, bone lesions, oral infections, and oral cancer lesions. Currently, a standardized therapy for the treatment of oral diseases is lacking. For this reason, natural bioactive compounds (NBCs), characterized by several health effects, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer actions, represent a new possible adjuvant therapy in the management of these pathological conditions. Among NBCs, polyphenols play a leading role due to positive modulation of oral microbiota, preventing and correcting oral dysbiosis. Moreover, these compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects, such as inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of cycloxigenase-2. In this light, the formulation of a new mouthwash/gel/gingival paste, with a high content of polyphenols in association with NBCs characterized by antimicrobial action, could represent a future therapy of oral disease in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Basilicata
- UOSD Special Care Dentistry, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.L.); (A.N.); Tel.: +39-06-2090-2191 (M.D.L.); +39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.)
| | - Vincenzo Campolattano
- UOSD Special Care Dentistry, Department of Dentistry and Dental Prosthesis, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Roberto Celotto
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Anna Paola Mitterhofer
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Patrizio Bollero
- UOSD Special Care Dentistry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.L.); (A.N.); Tel.: +39-06-2090-2191 (M.D.L.); +39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.)
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Polyphenols as Antioxidants for Extending Food Shelf-Life and in the Prevention of Health Diseases: Encapsulation and Interfacial Phenomena. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121909. [PMID: 34944722 PMCID: PMC8698762 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxicity caused by the exposure to human-made chemicals and environmental conditions has become a major health concern because they may significantly increase the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), negatively affecting the endogenous antioxidant defense. Living systems have evolved complex antioxidant mechanisms to protect cells from oxidative conditions. Although oxidative stress contributes to various pathologies, the intake of molecules such as polyphenols, obtained from natural sources, may limit their effects because of their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against lipid peroxidation and against a broad range of foodborne pathogens. Ingestion of polyphenol-rich foods, such as fruits and vegetables, help to reduce the harmful effects of ROS, but the use of supramolecular and nanomaterials as delivery systems has emerged as an efficient method to improve their pharmacological and therapeutic effects. Suitable exogenous polyphenolic antioxidants should be readily absorbed and delivered to sites where pathological oxidative damage may take place, for instance, intracellular locations. Many potential antioxidants have a poor bioavailability, but they can be encapsulated to improve their ideal solubility and permeability profile. Development of effective antioxidant strategies requires the creation of new nanoscale drug delivery systems to significantly reduce oxidative stress. In this review we provide an overview of the oxidative stress process, highlight some properties of ROS, and discuss the role of natural polyphenols as bioactives in controlling the overproduction of ROS and bacterial and fungal growth, paying special attention to their encapsulation in suitable delivery systems and to their location in colloidal systems where interfaces play a crucial role.
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Pytko-Polończyk J, Stawarz-Janeczek M, Kryczyk-Poprawa A, Muszyńska B. Antioxidant-Rich Natural Raw Materials in the Prevention and Treatment of Selected Oral Cavity and Periodontal Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111848. [PMID: 34829719 PMCID: PMC8614929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant-rich natural raw materials have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine. In the past decade, there has been increasing interest in naturotherapy, which is a practice of using products with a natural origin. Natural products can be effective in the treatment and prevention of oral and dental diseases, among others. Such raw materials used in dentistry are characterized by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antiedematous, astringent, anticoagulant, dehydrating, vitaminizing, and-above all-regenerative properties. Reports have shown that a relationship exists between oral diseases and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota colonizing the oral cavity. This review aimed to analyze the studies focusing on the microbiome colonizing the oral cavity in the context of using natural raw materials especially herbs, plant extracts, and isolated biologically active compounds as agents in the prevention and treatment of oral and periodontal diseases such as dental caries as well as mucosal changes associated with salivary secretion disorder. The present work discusses selected plant ingredients exhibiting an antioxidant activity with potential for the treatment of selected oral cavity and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Pytko-Polończyk
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich Street 4, 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Stawarz-Janeczek
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich Street 4, 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.S.-J.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Agata Kryczyk-Poprawa
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Street 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.S.-J.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Street 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
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Fang C, Wu L, Zhao MJ, Deng T, Gu JM, Guo XP, Li C, Li W, Zeng XT. Periodontitis Exacerbates Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia through Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2094665. [PMID: 34707774 PMCID: PMC8545573 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2094665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate that men with periodontitis are also susceptible to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and that periodontal treatment can improve the prostatic symptom. However, molecular links of this relationship are largely unknown. The goal of the current study was to elucidate the effects of experimental periodontitis on the hyperplasia of prostate and whether oxidative stress and inflammation participated in this process. For this purpose, ligature-induced periodontitis, testosterone-induced BPH, and the composite models in rats were established. Four weeks later, all the rats were sacrificed and the following items were measured: alveolar bone loss and histological examination of periodontal tissues were taken to assess the establishment of periodontitis model, prostate index and histological examination of prostate tissues were taken to test the establishment of the BPH model, inflammatory cytokines in plasma were assessed, and Bax/Bcl-2 proteins related to cell apoptosis were analyzed via western blot analysis. To further investigate whether oxidative stress participates in the aggravation of BPH, in vitro models were also conducted to measure the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration. We found that simultaneous periodontitis and BPH synergistically aggravated prostate histological changes, significantly increased Ki67 proliferation, and reduced apoptosis in rat prostate tissues. Also, our results showed that periodontal ligation induced increased Bcl-2 protein expression, whereas Bax expression was decreased in BPH rats than in normal rats. Compared with the control group, periodontitis and BPH both significantly enhanced inflammatory cytokine levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and CRP. Furthermore, Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide induced enhanced generation of intracellular expression of ROS and H2O2 in BPH-1 cells. Our experimental evidence demonstrated that periodontitis might promote BPH development through regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory process, thus providing new strategies for prevention and treatment of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ming-Juan Zhao
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tong Deng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jia-Min Gu
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xing-Pei Guo
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
- Institutes of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation, Henan University, Henan, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xian-Tao Zeng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430071, China
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Effects of Antioxidant in Adjunct with Periodontal Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081304. [PMID: 34439554 PMCID: PMC8389262 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review investigated whether the adjunctive use of antioxidants with periodontal therapy improves periodontal parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. A systematic and extensive literature search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted before April 2021 was performed on the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. A meta-analysis was performed to quantitatively evaluate the clinical outcomes following periodontal therapy. After independent screening of 137 initial records, nine records from eight RCTs were included. The risk-of-bias assessment revealed that all RCTs had methodological weaknesses regarding selective bias, although other risk factors for bias were not evident. This meta-analysis of two RCTs showed that periodontal pocket depths were significantly reduced in the groups treated with combined non-surgical periodontal therapy and melatonin than in those treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy alone. The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that the adjunctive use of melatonin, resveratrol, omega-3 fatty acids with cranberry juice, propolis, and aloe vera gel with periodontal therapy significantly improves periodontal disease parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes, and melatonin application combined with non-surgical periodontal therapy might significantly reduce periodontal pocket depth. However, there are still limited studies of melatonin in combination with non-surgical periodontal therapy in Type 2 diabetic patients, and more well-designed RCTs are required to be further investigated.
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Exacerbation of AMD Phenotype in Lasered CNV Murine Model by Dysbiotic Oral Pathogens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020309. [PMID: 33670526 PMCID: PMC7922506 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence underscores an association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and periodontal disease (PD), yet the biological basis of this linkage and the specific role of oral dysbiosis caused by PD in AMD pathophysiology remains unclear. Furthermore, a simple reproducible model that emulates characteristics of both AMD and PD has been lacking. Hence, we established a novel AMD+PD murine model to decipher the potential role of oral infection (ligature-enhanced) with the keystone periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis, in the progression of neovasculogenesis in a laser-induced choroidal-neovascularization (Li-CNV) mouse retina. By a combination of fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography, we documented inflammatory drusen-like lesions, reduced retinal thickness, and increased vascular leakage in AMD+PD mice retinae. H&E further confirmed a significant reduction of retinal thickness and subretinal drusen-like deposits. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed significant induction of choroidal/retinal vasculogenesis in AMD+PD mice. qPCR identified increased expression of oxidative-stress, angiogenesis, pro-inflammatory mediators, whereas antioxidants and anti-inflammatory genes in AMD+PD mice retinae were notably decreased. Through qPCR, we detected Pg and its fimbrial 16s-RrNA gene expression in the AMD+PD mice retinae. To sum-up, this is the first in vivo study signifying a role of periodontal infection in augmentation of AMD phenotype, with the aid of a pioneering AMD+PD murine model established in our laboratory.
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