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Ali SS, Zagklis D, Kornaros M, Sun J. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles as a new strategy for enhancing methane production from anaerobic digestion of noxious aquatic weeds. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128308. [PMID: 36370936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) supplementation on anaerobic microbial population changes and anaerobic digestion (AD) performance and production. Co3O4-NPs (3 mg/L) showed the maximum enhancement of biogas yield over the cow dung (CD) as control and the co-digestion process of CD with water hyacinth (WH) by 58.9 and 27.2 %, respectively. Furthermore, methane (CH4) yield was enhanced by 89.96 and 43.4 % over CD and co-digestion processes, respectively. Additionally, the microbiological assessment analysis using VIT® gene probe technology showed that Co3O4-NPs enhance the viability of total bacterial cells by 9 %. The techno-economic analysis reflects the revenue of this strategy on the highest net energy content of biogas, which was achieved with 3 mg/L Co3O4-NPs and was 428.05 kWh with a net profit of 67.66 USD/m3 of the substrate. Therefore, nanoparticle supplementation to the AD process can be considered a promising approach to enhance biogas and CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Samir Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Dimitris Zagklis
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Sailer G, Hülsemann B, Eichermüller J, Empl F, Poetsch J, Pelz S, Kuptz D, Oechsner H, Müller J. Datasets on material properties and energy yields of lab-designed organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) components. Data Brief 2022; 44:108519. [PMID: 35990921 PMCID: PMC9389193 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.108519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a complex material with different ingredients characterized by varying properties depending on parameters such as season or geographical region of origin. Consequently, studies on OFMSW are hard to compare due to the changing characteristics of the samples. Therefore, this article presents data on the physico-chemical composition of standardized, recipe-based OFMSW components divided into the categories “Paper”, “Green waste” and “Food waste”, and further subcategories. Data presented in this article include (1) dry matter, (2) organic dry matter, (3) C, H and N concentrations, (4) gross calorific values, (5) ash melting behavior, (6) specific biogas yield and (7) methane concentration. An application example of an experiment requiring the same starting material properties is represented by storage experiments, as performed within the original scientific article [1]. Thus, this Data in Brief article also provides additional data on recipe-based storage experiments complementing the original article. The datasets cannot only be used to estimate biowaste potentials but they can also be used for the design and execution of experiments that require standardized OFMSW samples.
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Biochemical Methane Potential of a Biorefinery’s Process-Wastewater and its Components at Different Concentrations and Temperatures. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A sustainable circular bioeconomy requires the side streams and byproducts of biorefineries to be assimilated into bioprocesses to produce value-added products. The present study endeavored to utilize such a byproduct generated during the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as a potential feedstock for biogas production. For this purpose, biochemical methane potential tests for the full process-wastewater, its components (5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, levulinic acid, and glycolic acid), together with furfural’s metabolites (furfuryl alcohol and furoic acid), and phenols (syringaldehyde, vanillin, and phenol), were conducted at mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures to assess their biodegradability and gas production kinetics. 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 g COD of the test components were added separately into assays containing 35 mL of inoculum. At their lowest concentrations, the test components, other than the process-wastewater, exhibited a stimulatory effect on methane production at 37 °C, whereas their increased concentrations returned a lower mean specific methane yield at either temperature. For similar component loads, the mesophilic assays outperformed the thermophilic assays for the mean measured specific methane yields. Components that impaired the anaerobic process with their elevated concentrations were phenol, vanillin, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Poor degradation of the process-wastewater was deduced to be linked to the considerable share of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the process-wastewater governing its overall characteristics. With excessive recalcitrant components, it is recommended to use such waste streams and byproducts as a substrate for biogas plants operating at moderate temperatures, but at low rates.
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García ODV, Neto AMP, Moretto MRD, Zaiat M, Martins G. Food-to-microorganism ratio as a crucial parameter to maximize biochemical methane potential from sugarcane vinasse. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-022-00270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Krungkaew S, Hülsemann B, Kingphadung K, Mahayothee B, Oechsner H, Müller J. Methane production of banana plant: Yield, kinetics and prediction models influenced by morphological parts, cultivars and ripening stages. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127640. [PMID: 35853592 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Banana trees and fruits with three ripening stages, including green, ripe, and overripe, of two cultivars, namely Nam wa and Hom were separated into different morphological parts for biogas yield determination. Specific methane yields (SMY) were significant different among banana parts (p ≤ 0.05). High non-structural carbohydrates and high non-lignocellulosic residual in substrates promoted high SMY. Pseudostem showed the highest share of energy yields among farm wastes which Nam wa cultivar provided higher energy potential than Hom. Peel presented the major energy source from fruit wastes which ripening stages did not have a significant effect on its SMY. Modified Gompertz model presented the best fit for methane production of most substrates. The SMY prediction models based on chemical constituents were developed to obtain conveniently used methane estimating tool which showed that a combination of lignin, hemicellulose, non-lignocellulosic residual, and crude fiber contents presented the highest performance for banana substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samatcha Krungkaew
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Benedikt Hülsemann
- State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Kanokwan Kingphadung
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
| | - Busarakorn Mahayothee
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Hans Oechsner
- State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Joachim Müller
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Tropics and Subtropics Group, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
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Amo-Duodu G, Tetteh EK, Rathilal S, Chollom MN. Assessment of Magnetic Nanomaterials for Municipality Wastewater Treatment Using Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) Tests. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9805. [PMID: 36011432 PMCID: PMC9408801 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater as a substrate potential for producing renewable energy in the form of biogas is gaining global attention. Herein, nanomaterials can be utilised as a nutrient source for microorganisms for anaerobic digestion activity. Therefore, this study explored the impact of seven different magnetic nanomaterials (MNMs) on the anaerobic digestion of wastewater via biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests for biogas production. The BMP assay was carried out with eight bioreactors, where each was charged with 50% wastewater and 30% activated sludge, leaving a headspace of 20%. Aside the control bioreactor, the other seven (7) bioreactors were dosed with 1.5 g of MNMs. This was operated under anaerobic conditions at a mesophilic temperature of 35 °C for 31 days. At the degree of 80% degradation of contaminants, the results that showed bioreactors charged with 1.5 g MNMs of TiO2 photocatalyst composites were more effective than those constituting metallic composites, whereas the control achieved 65% degradation. Additionally, the bioreactor with magnetite (Fe3O4) produced the highest cumulative biogas of 1172 mL/day. Kinetically, the modified Gompertz model favoured the cumulative biogas data obtained with a significant regression coefficient (R2) close to one.
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Effect of Endogenous Methane Production: A Step Forward in the Validation of Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) Tests. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15134696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluates the influence of the inoculum type, the pre-consumption of the residual substrate and the ratio of blanks’ headspace volume to working volume (Hv Wv−1, 0.6 to 10) on Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) measurements when methane is monitored by gas chromatography. Different inocula were tested: digested sewage sludge—DSS, granular sludge—GS and fresh dairy manure—DM. Microcrystalline cellulose was used as the substrate. BMP surpassed the maximum theoretical value (BMPmax = 414 L kg−1) when methane produced in the blanks was not discounted, showing that degassing cannot stand alone as an alternative to the procedure of discounting the inoculum’s background production. Still, when the residual substrate concentration is high (e.g., in DM), degassing is mandatory because methane produced from its digestion will conceal the methane produced from the substrate in the BMP determination. For inocula with a low residual substrate (e.g., GS), short degassing periods are recommended in order to avoid detrimental effects on methanogenic activity. For moderate residual substrate concentrations (e.g., DSS), BMP values closer to BMPmax (90–97%) were achieved after degassing and discounting the blanks with lower Hv Wv−1. For higher Hv ∙ Wv−1, less accurate quantification occurred, likely due to error propagation. Proper inoculum pre-incubation time and discounting the methane production from blanks with low Hv Wv−1 (adjusted according to the estimated background methane) are essential for accurate BMP determinations.
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Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Wheat Straw—Evaluating the Effect of Substrate Disintegration on the Digestibility in Anaerobic Digestion. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for renewable energy sources and demand-oriented electricity provision makes anaerobic digestion (AD) one of the most promising technologies. In addition to energy crops, the use of lignocellulosic residual and waste materials from agriculture is becoming increasingly important. However, AD of such feedstocks is often associated with difficulties due to the high content of lignocellulose and its microbial persistence. In the present work, the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) on the digestibility of wheat straw is investigated and evaluated. Under different HTP temperatures (160–180 °C) and retention times (15–45 min), a significant increase in biomethane potential (BMP) can be observed in all cases. The highest BMP (309.64 mL CH4 g−1 volatile solid (VS) is achieved after pretreatment at 160 °C for 45 min, which corresponds to an increase of 19% of untreated wheat straw. The results of a multiple linear regression model show that the solubilization of organic materials is influenced by temperature and time. Furthermore, using two different first-order kinetic models, an enhancement of AD rate during hydrolysis due to pretreatment is observed. However, the increasing intensity of pretreatment conditions is accompanied by a decreasing trend in the conversion of intermediates to methane.
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Murillo HA, Pagés-Díaz J, Díaz-Robles LA, Vallejo F, Huiliñir C. Valorization of oat husk by hydrothermal carbonization: Optimization of process parameters and anaerobic digestion of spent liquors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126112. [PMID: 34648962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) optimization of oat husk was performed using a response surface methodology. Furthermore, anaerobic digestion (AD) of spent liquor and hydrochar addition were evaluated in the biomethane potential (BMP) test. Results found that temperature influences the most in the studied responses (i.e., mass yield (MY) and higher heating value (HHV)). Optimal hydrochar MY (53.8%) and HHV (21.5 MJ/kg) were obtained for 219.2 °C, 30 min, and 0.08 of biomass/water ratio. A successful prediction capability of the optimization approach was observed, archiving an error < 1% between predicted and validated responses. The BMP experiment showed the feasibility of spent liquor as a potential substrate to be treated by AD (144 NmLCH4/gCOD). Hydrochar boosted the methane production of spent liquor increasing up to 17% compared to digestion with no hydrochar addition. These findings provide new insights regarding oat husk valorization by integrating HTC and AD for energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman A Murillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile; Programa Centro de Valorización de Residuos y Economía Circular, Chile
| | - Jhosané Pagés-Díaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile; Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Luis A Díaz-Robles
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile; Programa Centro de Valorización de Residuos y Economía Circular, Chile.
| | - Fidel Vallejo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile; Programa Centro de Valorización de Residuos y Economía Circular, Chile
| | - César Huiliñir
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile; Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Effect of Engineered Biomaterials and Magnetite on Wastewater Treatment: Biogas and Kinetic Evaluation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244323. [PMID: 34960873 PMCID: PMC8708017 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the principle of sustaining circular economy is presented as a way of recovering valuable resources from wastewater and utilizing its energy potential via anaerobic digestion (AD) of municipality wastewater. Biostimulation of the AD process was investigated to improve its treatability efficiency, biogas production, and kinetic stability. Addressing this together with agricultural waste such as eggshells (CE), banana peel (PB), and calcined banana peels (BI) were employed and compared to magnetite (Fe3O4) as biostimulation additives via 1 L biochemical methane potential tests. With a working volume of 0.8 L (charge with inoculum to substrate ratio of 3:5 v/v) and 1.5 g of the additives, each bioreactor was operated at a mesophilic temperature of 40 °C for 30 days while being compared to a control bioreactor. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) analysis was used to reveal the absorbent’s morphology at high magnification of 10 kx and surface pore size of 20.8 µm. The results showed over 70% biodegradation efficiency in removing the organic contaminants (chemical oxygen demand, color, and turbidity) as well as enhancing the biogas production. Among the setups, the bioreactor with Fe3O4 additives was found to be the most efficient, with an average daily biogas production of 40 mL/day and a cumulative yield of 1117 mL/day. The kinetic dynamics were evaluated with the cumulative biogas produced by each bioreactor via the first order modified Gompertz and Chen and Hashimoto kinetic models. The modified Gompertz model was found to be the most reliable, with good predictability.
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Lallement A, Siaud A, Peyrelasse C, Kaparaju P, Schraauwers B, Maunas S, Monlau F. Impact of Operational Factors, Inoculum Origin, and Feedstock Preservation on the Biochemical Methane Potential. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110176. [PMID: 34821742 PMCID: PMC8614716 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion for the valorization of organic wastes into biogas is gaining worldwide interest. Nonetheless, the sizing of the biogas plant units require knowledge of the quantity of feedstock, and their associated methane potentials, estimated widely by Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) tests. Discrepancies exist among laboratories due to variability of protocols adopted and operational factors used. The aim of this study is to verify the influence of some operational factors (e.g., analysis frequency, trace elements and vitamins solution addition and flushing gas), feedstock conservation and the source of inoculum on BMP. Among the operational parameters tested on cellulose degradation, only the type of gas used for flushing headspace of BMP assays had shown a significant influence on methane yields from cellulose. Methane yields of 344 ± 6 NL CH4 kg−1 VS and 321 ± 10 NL CH4 kg−1 VS obtained from assays flushed with pure N2 and N2/CO2 (60/40 v/v). The origin of inoculum (fed in co-digestion) only significantly affected the methane yields for straw, 253 ± 3 and 333 ± 3 NL CH4 kg−1 VS. Finally, freezing/thawing cycle effect depended of the substrate (tested on biowaste, manure, straw and WWTP sludge) with a possible effect of water content substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Lallement
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Fréderic Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France; (A.L.); (A.S.); (C.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Aline Siaud
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Fréderic Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France; (A.L.); (A.S.); (C.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Christine Peyrelasse
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Fréderic Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France; (A.L.); (A.S.); (C.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Prasad Kaparaju
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | - Blandine Schraauwers
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Fréderic Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France; (A.L.); (A.S.); (C.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Samuel Maunas
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Fréderic Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France; (A.L.); (A.S.); (C.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Florian Monlau
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Fréderic Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France; (A.L.); (A.S.); (C.P.); (B.S.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Yan H, Cai F, Wang L, Chen C, Liu G. Compositional components and methane production potential of typical vegetable wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:54177-54186. [PMID: 34402020 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the development of agriculture, a huge amount of vegetable waste (VW) is produced every year, posing a large considerable environmental problem that cannot be ignored. Anaerobic digestion (AD), as an eco-friendly, efficient, and sustainable biomass conversion technology, may be used to address the pollution caused by VW. The compositional components of various VWs are different, which will affect their biomethane potential and directly determine whether they are suitable substrates for AD. Thus, this study involved a systematic analysis of the composition and biomethane potential of 20 typical VWs. The results showed that the methane yields of the VWs were different (207.5-346.3 mL/g VS) owing to the differences in composition. More importantly, a correlation between the contents of organic components and methane production was established, and then used to predict methane production by VW rapidly. In addition, first-order model, modified Gompertz, and Cone models were used to describe the biochemical methanogenesis mechanism of these VWs. The results of this study can provide a reference for fundamental research on the AD of VW as well as serve a convenient and precise method to predict methane production by different VWs through analyzing compositional components, which will be beneficial for pollution prevention and the comprehensive utilization of VW in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yan
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 505 Zonghe Building, 15 North 3rd Ring East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fanfan Cai
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 505 Zonghe Building, 15 North 3rd Ring East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ligong Wang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 505 Zonghe Building, 15 North 3rd Ring East Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 505 Zonghe Building, 15 North 3rd Ring East Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 505 Zonghe Building, 15 North 3rd Ring East Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Cao Z, Hülsemann B, Wüst D, Oechsner H, Lautenbach A, Kruse A. Effect of residence time during hydrothermal carbonization of biogas digestate on the combustion characteristics of hydrochar and the biogas production of process water. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125110. [PMID: 33882383 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The biogas digestate from anaerobic digestion of cow manure and energy crops was treated by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at 210 °C for 0.5 to 5 h to understand the effect of HTC residence time on the combustion characteristics of hydrochar and the biogas production of process water. The increase in HTC residence time slightly reduced the higher heating values (16.3-16.0 MJ/kg) but improved most slagging and fouling indices of the hydrochar. However, the slagging and fouling during hydrochar combustion were almost impossible to avoid. The specific methane yield of the process water was not significantly influenced by the HTC residence time. Energy assessment demonstrated that HTC for 0.5 h achieved the highest process efficiency and net energy gain when the combustion energy was obtained from hydrochar and CH4 (from process water). Therefore, the HTC condition of 210 °C, 0.5 h is suggested to valorize biogas digestate for energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Cao
- Department of Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Hülsemann
- State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Dominik Wüst
- Department of Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Hans Oechsner
- State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Armin Lautenbach
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Andrea Kruse
- Department of Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
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Hassa J, Klang J, Benndorf D, Pohl M, Hülsemann B, Mächtig T, Effenberger M, Pühler A, Schlüter A, Theuerl S. Indicative Marker Microbiome Structures Deduced from the Taxonomic Inventory of 67 Full-Scale Anaerobic Digesters of 49 Agricultural Biogas Plants. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1457. [PMID: 34361893 PMCID: PMC8307424 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There are almost 9500 biogas plants in Germany, which are predominantly operated with energy crops and residues from livestock husbandry over the last two decades. In the future, biogas plants must be enabled to use a much broader range of input materials in a flexible and demand-oriented manner. Hence, the microbial communities will be exposed to frequently varying process conditions, while an overall stable process must be ensured. To accompany this transition, there is the need to better understand how biogas microbiomes respond to management measures and how these responses affect the process efficiency. Therefore, 67 microbiomes originating from 49 agricultural, full-scale biogas plants were taxonomically investigated by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. These microbiomes were separated into three distinct clusters and one group of outliers, which are characterized by a specific distribution of 253 indicative taxa and their relative abundances. These indicative taxa seem to be adapted to specific process conditions which result from a different biogas plant operation. Based on these results, it seems to be possible to deduce/assess the general process condition of a biogas digester based solely on the microbiome structure, in particular on the distribution of specific indicative taxa, and without knowing the corresponding operational and chemical process parameters. Perspectively, this could allow the development of detection systems and advanced process models considering the microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hassa
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.H.); (A.P.); (A.S.)
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Johanna Klang
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Dirk Benndorf
- Bioprocess Engineering, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstraße 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Microbiology, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Bernburger Straße 55, 06366 Köthen, Germany
| | - Marcel Pohl
- Biochemical Conversion Department, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, 04347 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Benedikt Hülsemann
- The State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Torsten Mächtig
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Str. 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Mathias Effenberger
- Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Vöttinger Str. 36, 85354 Freising, Germany;
| | - Alfred Pühler
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.H.); (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Schlüter
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.H.); (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Susanne Theuerl
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
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15
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Nikulina N, Uslu S, Lemmer A, Azbar N, Oechsner H. Optimal conditions for high solid co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid wastes in a leach-bed reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:125023. [PMID: 33798857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste with solid content greater than 20% and chicken manure was investigated using leach-bed reactors in the framework of Middle East and North African countries. The objectives of the experiments were to determine the optimal ratio of organic fraction, chicken manure and solid inoculum, to compare temperature conditions and usage of liquid inoculum or water in percolation process. The highest specific methane yield (SMY) (236 LN ∙ kg-1 VS) was received in the reactors with 20/80 organic fraction/solid inoculum ratio under thermophilic conditions with liquid inoculum percolation. Under the same conditions but mesophilic temperature, SMY dropped by 12%. Replacing liquid inoculum by water led to 172 LN ∙ kg-1 VS. Addition of chicken manure to the substrate mixture positively influences a start-up phase and keeps pH in optimal range 6.5-8, despite the high ammonia concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiia Nikulina
- University of Hohenheim, State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany.
| | - Seda Uslu
- Ege University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Andreas Lemmer
- University of Hohenheim, State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
| | - Nuri Azbar
- Ege University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hans Oechsner
- University of Hohenheim, State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, Garbenstrasse 9, Stuttgart 70599, Germany
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16
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Comparison of Biological Efficiency Assessment Methods and Their Application to Full-Scale Biogas Plants. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14092381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
For calculation of biological efficiency of a biogas plant (BP), it is required to determine the specific methane potential (SMP) of the substrate. A study comparing available methods for determination of SMP and the comparison with data of full-scale BPs is missing but necessary according to the differences in process conditions between both. Firstly, mass and mass associated energy balances of 33 full-scale BPs were calculated and evaluated. The results show plausible data for only 55% of the investigated BPs. Furthermore, conversion and yield efficiencies were calculated according to six different methods for SMP determination. The results show a correlation between the measured on-site specific methane yield and the calculated SMP by methods based on biological degradability. However, these methods underestimate the SMP. Calculated SMPs based on calorific values are higher, but less sensitive. A combination of biochemical and energetical methods is a promising approach to evaluate the efficiency.
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17
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Structure of Microbial Communities When Complementary Effluents Are Anaerobically Digested. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11031293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil and pig productions are important industries in Portugal that generate large volumes of wastewater with high organic load and toxicity, raising environmental concerns. The principal objective of this study is to energetically valorize these organic effluents—piggery effluent and olive mill wastewater—through the anaerobic digestion to the biogas/methane production, by means of the effluent complementarity concept. Several mixtures of piggery effluent were tested, with an increasing percentage of olive mill wastewater. The best performance was obtained for samples of piggery effluent alone and in admixture with 30% of OMW, which provided the same volume of biogas (0.8 L, 70% CH4), 63/75% COD removal, and 434/489 L CH4/kg SVin, respectively. The validation of the process was assessed by molecular evaluation through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of the 16S rRNA gene. The structure of the microbial communities for both samples, throughout the anaerobic process, was characterized by the predominance of bacterial populations belonging to the phylum Firmicutes, mainly Clostridiales, with Bacteroidetes being the subdominant populations. Archaea populations belonging to the genus Methanosarcina became predominant throughout anaerobic digestion, confirming the formation of methane mainly from acetate, in line with the greatest removal of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in these samples.
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18
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Measurement of Biochemical Methane Potential of Heterogeneous Solid Substrates: Results of a Two-Phase French Inter-Laboratory Study. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical methane potential (BMP) is essential to determine the production of methane for various substrates; literature shows important discrepancies for the same substrates. In this paper, a harmonized BMP protocol was developed and tested with two phases of BMP tests carried out by eleven French laboratories. Surprisingly, for the three same solid tested substrates (straw; raw mix and dried-shredded mix of potatoes, maize, beef meat and straw; and mayonnaise), the standard deviations of the repeatability and reproducibility inter-laboratory were not enhanced by the harmonized protocol (average of about 25% depending on the substrate), as compared to a previous step where all laboratories used their own protocols. Moreover, statistical analyses of all the results, after removal of the outliers (about 15% of all observations), did not highlight significant effect of the operational effect on BMP (stirring, automatic or manual gas quantification, use of trace metal, uses a bicarbonate buffer, inoculum to substrate ratio) at least for the tested ranges. On the other hand, the average intra-laboratory repeatability was low, about 7%, whatever the protocol, the substrate and the laboratory. It also appears that drying the SA substrate, which contained proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and fibers, does not impact its BMP.
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19
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Theuerl S, Klang J, Hülsemann B, Mächtig T, Hassa J. Microbiome Diversity and Community-Level Change Points within Manure-based small Biogas Plants. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081169. [PMID: 32752188 PMCID: PMC7464807 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to integrate biogas plants into bioeconomy concepts will lead to an expansion of manure-based (small) biogas plants, while their operation is challenging due to critical characteristics of some types of livestock manure. For a better process understanding, in this study, three manure-based small biogas plants were investigated with emphasis on microbiome diversity. Due to varying digester types, feedstocks, and process conditions, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed differences in the taxonomic composition. Dynamic variations of each investigated biogas plant microbiome over time were analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP), whereby nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) revealed two well-running systems, one of them with a high share of chicken manure, and one unstable system. By using Threshold Indicator Taxa Analysis (TITAN), community-level change points at ammonium and ammonia concentrations of 2.25 g L-1 and 193 mg L-1 or volatile fatty acid concentrations of 0.75 g L-1were reliably identified which are lower than the commonly reported thresholds for critical process stages based on chemical parameters. Although a change in the microbiome structure does not necessarily indicate an upcoming critical process stage, the recorded community-level change points might be a first indication to carefully observe the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Theuerl
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (J.K.); or (J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-331-5699-900
| | - Johanna Klang
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (J.K.); or (J.H.)
| | - Benedikt Hülsemann
- University of Hohenheim, The State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Torsten Mächtig
- Kiel University, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, 24098 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Julia Hassa
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (J.K.); or (J.H.)
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Genome Research of Industrial Microorganisms, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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20
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Assessment of Areal Methane Yields from Energy Crops in Ukraine, Best Practices. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10134431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Growing and utilizing bioenergy crops as feeding substrates in biogas plants may aid the development of the biogas sector in Ukraine. Therefore, research was done on potential methane yields from 22 high-yield varieties of 7 different crops grown in Ukraine for their biogas production suitability. Annual crops (maize, soybean, sweet sorghum and sorghum hybrids) and perennials (miscanthus, paulownia and switchgrass) harvested at three different harvesting times (H1, H2 and H3) related to specific stages of phenological development were investigated. The perennial crops studied were from different vegetation years. The samples were analysed in Ukraine on their dry matter- and volatile solids contents, dry matter yield (DMY) and crop nitrogen (N) uptake. The 55 °C -dried samples were delivered to Germany for their analysis with the Hohenheim Biogas Yield Test (HBT) on their specific methane yield (SMY). Based on DMY and SMY, the areal methane yields (AMY) were calculated. The highest SMY and AMY were found for maize, sweet sorghum and miscanthus. The highest average SMY of 0.35 ± 0.03 m3CH4 kgVS−1 was found for maize samples harvested at H2. Miscanthus “Giganteus” from the 8th vegetation year harvested at H1 has shown the highest AMY of 7404.50 ± 199.00 m3CH4 ha−1.
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21
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Improving Inter-Laboratory Reproducibility in Measurement of Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP). WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12061752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests used to determine the ultimate methane yield of organic substrates are not sufficiently standardized to ensure reproducibility among laboratories. In this contribution, a standardized BMP protocol was tested in a large inter-laboratory project, and results were used to quantify sources of variability and to refine validation criteria designed to improve BMP reproducibility. Three sets of BMP tests were carried out by more than thirty laboratories from fourteen countries, using multiple measurement methods, resulting in more than 400 BMP values. Four complex but homogenous substrates were tested, and additionally, microcrystalline cellulose was used as a positive control. Inter-laboratory variability in reported BMP values was moderate. Relative standard deviation among laboratories (RSDR) was 7.5 to 24%, but relative range (RR) was 31 to 130%. Systematic biases were associated with both laboratories and tests within laboratories. Substrate volatile solids (VS) measurement and inoculum origin did not make major contributions to variability, but errors in data processing or data entry were important. There was evidence of negative biases in manual manometric and manual volumetric measurement methods. Still, much of the observed variation in BMP values was not clearly related to any of these factors and is probably the result of particular practices that vary among laboratories or even technicians. Based on analysis of calculated BMP values, a set of recommendations was developed, considering measurement, data processing, validation, and reporting. Recommended validation criteria are: (i) test duration at least 1% net 3 d, (ii) relative standard deviation for cellulose BMP not higher than 6%, and (iii) mean cellulose BMP between 340 and 395 NmLCH4 gVS−1. Evidence from this large dataset shows that following the recommendations—in particular, application of validation criteria—can substantially improve reproducibility, with RSDR < 8% and RR < 25% for all substrates. The cellulose BMP criterion was particularly important. Results show that is possible to measure very similar BMP values with different measurement methods, but to meet the recommended validation criteria, some laboratories must make changes to their BMP methods. To help improve the practice of BMP measurement, a new website with detailed, up-to-date guidance on BMP measurement and data processing was established.
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22
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Impact of Storage Conditions on the Methanogenic Activity of Anaerobic Digestion Inocula. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The impact of storage temperature (4, 22 and 37 °C) and storage time (7, 14 and 21 days) on anaerobic digestion inocula was investigated through specific methanogenic activity assays. Experimental results showed that methanogenic activity decreased over time with storage, regardless of storage temperature. However, the rate at which the methanogenic activity decreased was two and five times slower at 4 °C than at 22 and 37 °C, respectively. The inoculum stored at 4 °C and room temperature (22 °C) maintained methanogenic activity close to that of fresh inoculum for 14 days (<10% difference). However, a storage temperature of 4 °C is preferred because of the slower decrease in activity with lengthier storage time. From this research, it was concluded that inoculum storage time should generally be kept to a minimum, but that storage at 4 °C could help maintain methanogenic activity for longer.
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