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Trigui S, Hackenberger DK, Stjepanović N, Lončarić Ž, Kovačević M, Hackenberger BK, Kallel A. Mitigation of OMW toxicity toward Enchytraeus albidus with application of additives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:83426-83436. [PMID: 35761138 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21668-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The olive oil industry generates considerable amounts of olive mill wastewater (OMW) which is treated and used in agriculture, energy production, or discharged into evaporating ponds where OMW contaminated soil (OMWS) is formed. Due to the extremely high phenol content, untreated OMWS is not suitable for plants and soil organisms. This study aimed to determine the adverse effects of OMWS on Enchytraeus albidus and whether the addition of clay and diatomaceous earth can reduce these effects. Without additives, reproduction was reduced up to 35%, with high number of unhatched cocoons, indicated hatching impairment. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity decreased significantly at the highest OMWS ratio (40%), as did glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity at two ratios (40%), indicating neurotoxic effects and oxidative stress. The application of additives (clay and diatomaceous earth) decreased phenol concentration up to 35 and 45%, respectively. Consequently, the number of juveniles increased significantly compared to the control and AChE and GST activities were not affected. However, an increased number of unhatched cocoons and lipid peroxidation were observed after diatomaceous earth treatment, indicating the occurrence of stress. Although additives can bind phenols, neutralize harmful effects and allow the use of OMWS as a fertilizer in agriculture, they should be carefully selected taking into account soil organisms as well. The use of additives to reduce the adverse effects of OMWS can be a turning point in the remediation of olive contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salsabil Trigui
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (Lab 3E), Sfax National School of Engineers, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Davorka K Hackenberger
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Stjepanović
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željka Lončarić
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Kovačević
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Amjad Kallel
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (Lab 3E), Sfax National School of Engineers, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Kovačević M, Stjepanović N, Trigui S, Hackenberger DK, Lončarić Ž, Jovanović Glavaš O, Kallel A, Hackenberger BK. Assessment of adverse effects of olive mill waste water and olive mill waste contaminated soil on springtail Folsomia candida. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134651. [PMID: 35447214 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years significant attention has been given to the problem of olive mill waste towards the environment. Still, there is a considerable gap in the knowledge of the impact of the olive mill wastewater (OMWW) and the olive mill waste contaminated soil (OMW CS) on non-target soil organisms. Springtails, as an important group of non-target soil organisms, are frequently used in ecotoxicological research. However, information on olive mill waste impact on the model species Folsomia candida is scarce. Therefore, in this study, we determined the effects of OMWW and OMW CS on survival, reproduction, neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and available energy in springtail F. candida. The exposure to different ratios of OMWW and OMW CS showed higher toxicity of OMW CS in terms of survival (LC50 = 32.34% of OMWW; LC50 = 45.36% of OMW CS) and reproduction (EC50 = 10.10% of OMWW; EC50 = 19.44% of OMW CS). Furthermore, neurotoxicity (AChE induction), oxidative stress (SOD, GST, and MDA induction), and changes in available energy (decrease in lipid and carbohydrate content) have been observed. Those negative effects are likely consequences of the high phenol content specific to OMWW and OMW CS. Obtained results indicate that for the ecotoxicological assessment of various wastes it is essential to consider different tier level biomarkers to have a clear insight into the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Kovačević
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Stjepanović
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Salsabil Trigui
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (Lab 3E), Sfax National School of Engineers, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Davorka K Hackenberger
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Željka Lončarić
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Olga Jovanović Glavaš
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Amjad Kallel
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (Lab 3E), Sfax National School of Engineers, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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Trigui S, Hackenberger DK, Kovačević M, Stjepanović N, Palijan G, Kallel A, Hackenberger BK. Effects of olive mill waste (OMW) contaminated soil on biochemical biomarkers and reproduction of Dendrobaena veneta. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:24956-24967. [PMID: 34837620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil industry is economically important in Mediterranean countries. Disposal of olive mill waste (OMW) presents an environmental concern in those countries due to its high salinity and its high level of polyphenols. In order to reuse OMW, those properties have to change either through the filtration process and addition of adsorbents or by composting. One of the most important organisms in composting of organic wastes is earthworms. However, data on the effects of OMW on earthworms are scarce. The main aim of our study was to investigate whether OMW contaminated soil (OMW CS) causes adverse effects on molecular and organism level in epigeic earthworm Dendrobaena veneta and on microbiological activity. Changes of measured biochemical biomarkers (AChE, CAT, GST, lipids, MDA) varied depending on the quantity of added OMW CS and the exposure duration. Oxidative stress occurred after 7 days of exposure, while in most cases enzyme activity recovered after 28 days. At the highest ratio of contaminated soil (50%), reproduction was completely inhibited. The second aim was to investigate the impact of earthworms on phenol degradation and microbial activity, indicating an important role in the bioremediation of contaminated soils. Our results show that above a certain quantity an OMW CS has an adverse effect on earthworms, while the impact of earthworms on soil microbial activity was positive but transient. Yet, as the results also imply that earthworms have an impact on phenol degradation, they can be used to help remediation of OMW CS and its subsequent usage in agriculture. However, the quantity of OMW CS that can be safely added should be determined first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salsabil Trigui
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (Lab 3E), Sfax National School of Engineers, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Marija Kovačević
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Stjepanović
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Goran Palijan
- Department of Biology, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Amjad Kallel
- Laboratory of Water, Energy and Environment (Lab 3E), Sfax National School of Engineers, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Almeida-Naranjo CE, Frutos M, Tejedor J, Cuestas J, Valenzuela F, Rivadeneira MI, Villamar CA, Guerrero VH. Caffeine adsorptive performance and compatibility characteristics (Eisenia foetida Savigny) of agro-industrial residues potentially suitable for vermifilter beds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149666. [PMID: 34428664 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The caffeine adsorptive performance and compatibility characteristics (Eisenia foetida Savigny) of rice husk, peanut shell, corn cob and coconut fiber were studied, aiming to assess the suitability of these residues for vermifilter beds. For this purpose, the agro-industrial residues were characterized and the E. foetida Savigny compatibility was determined by acute and chronic toxicity tests. Batch adsorption tests were performed using caffeine solutions. Optimal adsorption conditions, kinetic models, isotherm type and the influence of three particle sizes (120-150, 300-600, 800-2000 μm) in the caffeine removal were determined. Coconut fiber (120-150 μm) proved to be the most efficient residue for the caffeine removal (94.2%), requiring 4 g/L for 30 min. However, coconut fiber was the less compatible for earthworms (14d-LC50 = 82%). The results obtained allow to define adequate strategies, such as mixing highly adsorptive residues with the more compatible ones, to choose the most effective materials for vermifiltration technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina E Almeida-Naranjo
- Departament of Mechanical Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
| | - Mayra Frutos
- Departament of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
| | - Jennifer Tejedor
- Departament of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
| | - Jeniffer Cuestas
- Departament of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
| | - Fabricio Valenzuela
- Departament of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
| | - María Inés Rivadeneira
- Departament of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
| | - Cristina Alejandra Villamar
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil en Obras Civiles, Av. Ecuador 3659, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Victor H Guerrero
- Department of Materials, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladrón de Guevara E11-253, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
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Martínez-Gallardo MR, López MJ, López-González JA, Jurado MM, Suárez-Estrella F, Pérez-Murcia MD, Sáez JA, Moral R, Moreno J. Microbial communities of the olive mill wastewater sludge stored in evaporation ponds: The resource for sustainable bioremediation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 279:111810. [PMID: 33341726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) is a polluting residue from the olive oil industry. It is usually stored in open-air unprotected evaporation ponds where their sediments accumulate. This study compares the characteristics of OMW sludges stored for long-time in evaporation ponds and assesses their impact on the underlying soil layer. Physicochemical parameters, toxicity bioassays, and full characterization of the microbial community were analyzed. The extension of the polluting effects was assessed by analysis of toxicity, microbial biomass carbon, and respiration. Geostatistics was used to predict their spatial distribution. Organic matter and polyphenol content besides toxicity levels determine variations between OMW sludges and have a high impact on the microbiota they contain. The microbial community was abundant, diverse, and functionally active. However, the biodegradability of the sludges was hindered by the toxicity levels. Toxicity and biomass carbon were higher on the surface of the ponds than in the soil layer revealing a reduced leach flow and depletion of contaminants. The natural microbiota might be biostimulated by means of applying sustainable and feasible biological treatments in order to favor the OMW sludges bioremediation. These results open up the possibility of solving the environmental concern caused by its storage in similar scenarios, which are common in olive oil-producing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- María R Martínez-Gallardo
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - María J López
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain.
| | - Juan A López-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - Macarena M Jurado
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - Francisca Suárez-Estrella
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - María D Pérez-Murcia
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - José A Sáez
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Raúl Moral
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Joaquín Moreno
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
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