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Di Credico A, Petri C, Cataldi S, Greco G, Suarez-Arrones L, Izzicupo P. Heart rate variability, recovery and stress analysis of an elite rally driver and co-driver during a competition period. Sci Prog 2024; 107:368504231223034. [PMID: 38179721 PMCID: PMC10771059 DOI: 10.1177/00368504231223034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
To ensure both optimal health and performances, monitoring physiological and psychological states is of main importance for athletes. It is well known that monitoring heart rate variability and using validated questionnaires is useful for monitoring both the health and training status of athletes of different sports. Motorsports such as rally require high levels of physical and mental preparation thus information about psychophysiological status of rally athletes is fundamental. The aim of this study was to assess the autonomic regulation, stress, recovery conditions of one driver and one co-driver competing at the Italian National Rally Championship during their competition period. Heart rate variability parameters, acute recovery and stress states were assessed the day before, during the two days of race and the day following the races. Results showed that driver and co-driver had a sharp decrease of mean RR intervals, root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats, and standard deviation of the N-N interval during race days, while the stress index showed the inverse trend, and this behaviour was clearly visible in the Poincaré plots and power spectrum density graphs. The acute recovery and stress states questionnaire showed significant differences in recovery and stress scoring for the driver but not for the co-driver, although the trends were similar. This study describes the psychophysiological demands of a rally competition period suggesting that a daily evaluation of heart rate variability, recovery, stress states is useful for monitoring health status in rally athletes and could be implemented to make decision about training and recovery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristian Petri
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Stefania Cataldi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of the Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Greco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of the Study of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luis Suarez-Arrones
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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2
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Crewe C. Energetic Stress-Induced Metabolic Regulation by Extracellular Vesicles. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:5051-5068. [PMID: 37358503 PMCID: PMC10414774 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c230001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve powerful and complex functions in metabolic regulation and metabolic-associated disease, although this field of research is still in its infancy. EVs are released into the extracellular space from all cells and carry a wide range of cargo including miRNAs, mRNA, DNA, proteins, and metabolites that have robust signaling effects in receiving cells. EV production is stimulated by all major stress pathways and, as such, has a role in both restoring homeostasis during stress and perpetuating disease. In metabolic regulation, the dominant stress signal is a lack of energy due to either nutrient deficits or damaged mitochondria from nutrient excess. This stress signal is termed "energetic stress," which triggers a robust and evolutionarily conserved response that engages major cellular stress pathways, the ER unfolded protein response, the hypoxia response, the antioxidant response, and autophagy. This article proposes the model that energetic stress is the dominant stimulator of EV release with a focus on metabolically important cells such as hepatocytes, adipocytes, myocytes, and pancreatic β-cells. Furthermore, this article will discuss how the cargo in stress-stimulated EVs regulates metabolism in receiving cells in both beneficial and detrimental ways. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:5051-5068, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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3
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Tryfonos A, Cocks M, Browning N, Dawson EA. Post-exercise endothelial function is not associated with extracellular vesicle release in healthy young males. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2023; 48:209-218. [PMID: 36462215 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Acute exercise can result in temporary decrease in endothelial functions, which may represent a transient period of risk. Numerous mechanisms underpinning these responses included release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from apoptotic or activated endothelial cells and platelets. This study aims to compare the time course of endothelial responses to moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and the associations with EV release. Eighteen young healthy males (age: 22.6 ± 3.7 years, BMI: 25.6 ± 2.5 m2/kg, and VO2peak: 38.6 ± 6.5 mL/kg/min) completed two randomly assigned exercises: HIIE (10 × 1 min-@-90% heart rate reserve (HRR) and 1 min passive recovery) and MICE (30 min-@-70% HRR) on a cycle ergometer. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was used to assess endothelial function and blood samples were collected to evaluate endothelial cell-derived EV (CD62E+) and platelet-derived EV (CD41a+), 10, 60, and 120 min before and after exercise. There were similar increases but different time courses (P = 0.017) in FMD (increased 10 min post-HIIE, P < 0.0001 and 60 min post-MICE, P = 0.038). CD62E+ remained unchanged (P = 0.530), whereas overall CD41a+ release was reduced 60 min post-exercise (P = 0.040). FMD was not associated with EV absolute release or change (P > 0.05). Acute exercise resulted in similar improvements, but different time course in FMD following either exercise. Whilst EVs were not associated with FMD, the reduction in platelet-derived EVs may represent a protective mechanism following acute exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tryfonos
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | | | - Ellen A Dawson
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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Malingen SA, Rangamani P. Modelling membrane curvature generation using mechanics and machine learning. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY, INTERFACE 2022; 19:20220448. [PMID: 36128706 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The deformation of cellular membranes regulates trafficking processes, such as exocytosis and endocytosis. Classically, the Helfrich continuum model is used to characterize the forces and mechanical parameters that cells tune to accomplish membrane shape changes. While this classical model effectively captures curvature generation, one of the core challenges in using it to approximate a biological process is selecting a set of mechanical parameters (including bending modulus and membrane tension) from a large set of reasonable values. We used the Helfrich model to generate a large synthetic dataset from a random sampling of realistic mechanical parameters and used this dataset to train machine-learning models. These models produced promising results, accurately classifying model behaviour and predicting membrane shape from mechanical parameters. We also note emerging methods in machine learning that can leverage the physical insight of the Helfrich model to improve performance and draw greater insight into how cells control membrane shape change.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Malingen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - P Rangamani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Gaggi G, Di Credico A, Guarnieri S, Mariggiò MA, Di Baldassarre A, Ghinassi B. Human mesenchymal amniotic fluid stem cells reveal an unexpected neuronal potential differentiating into functional spinal motor neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:936990. [PMID: 35938174 PMCID: PMC9354810 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.936990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluids stem cells (hAFSCs) can be easily isolated from the amniotic fluid during routinely scheduled amniocentesis. Unlike hiPSCs or hESC, they are neither tumorigenic nor immunogenic and their use does not rise ethical or safety issues: for these reasons they may represent a good candidate for the regenerative medicine. hAFSCs are generally considered multipotent and committed towards the mesodermal lineages; however, they express many pluripotent markers and share some epigenetic features with hiPSCs. Hence, we hypothesized that hAFSCs may overcome their mesodermal commitment differentiating into to ectodermal lineages. Here we demonstrated that by the sequential exposure to specific factors, hAFSCs can give rise to spinal motor neurons (MNs), as evidenced by the gradual gene and protein upregulation of early and late MN markers (PAX6, ISL1, HB9, NF-L, vAChT). When co-cultured with myotubes, hAFSCs-derived MNs were able to create functional neuromuscular junctions that induced robust skeletal muscle contractions. These data demonstrated the hAFSCs are not restricted to mesodermal commitment and can generate functional MNs thus outlining an ethically acceptable strategy for the study and treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Chieti, Italy
- Functional Biotechnologies Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Addolorata Mariggiò
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Chieti, Italy
- Functional Biotechnologies Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
- *Correspondence: Angela Di Baldassarre,
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Chieti, Italy
- Reprogramming and Cell Differentiation Lab, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
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Yalameha B, Nejabati HR, Nouri M. Circulating microparticles as indicators of cardiometabolic risk in PCOS. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 533:63-70. [PMID: 35718107 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most prevalent endocrine disturbance of the female reproductive system, is associated with several pathologic conditions, such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, all of which are tightly connected to its progression. These factors are associated with a type of extracellular vesicle, ie, microparticles (MPs), released by shedding due to cell activation and apoptosis. Circulating MPs (cMPs) are secreted by a variety of cells, such as platelets, endothelial, leukocytes, and erythrocytes, and contain cytoplasmic substances derived from parent cells that account for their biologic activity. Current evidence has clearly shown that increased cMPs contribute to endothelial dysfunction, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular abnormalities as well as PCOS. It has also been reported that platelet and endothelial MPs are specifically increased in PCOS thus endangering vascular health and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Given the importance of cMPs in the pathophysiology of PCOS, we review the role of cMPs in PCOS with a special focus on cardiometabolic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Yalameha
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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The Neurotoxicity of Vesicles Secreted by ALS Patient Myotubes Is Specific to Exosome-Like and Not Larger Subtypes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050845. [PMID: 35269468 PMCID: PMC8909615 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles can mediate communication between tissues, affecting the physiological conditions of recipient cells. They are increasingly investigated in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, the most common form of Motor Neurone Disease, as transporters of misfolded proteins including SOD1, FUS, TDP43, or other neurotoxic elements, such as the dipeptide repeats resulting from C9orf72 expansions. EVs are classified based on their biogenesis and size and can be separated by differential centrifugation. They include exosomes, released by the fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane, and ectosomes, also known as microvesicles or microparticles, resulting from budding or pinching of the plasma membrane. In the current study, EVs were obtained from the myotube cell culture medium of ALS patients or healthy controls. EVs of two different sizes, separating at 20,000 or 100,000 g, were then compared in terms of their effects on recipient motor neurons, astrocytes, and myotubes. Compared to untreated cells, the smaller, exosome-like vesicles of ALS patients reduced the survival of motor neurons by 31% and of myotubes by 18%, decreased neurite length and branching, and increased the proportion of stellate astrocytes, whereas neither those of healthy subjects, nor larger EVs of ALS or healthy subjects, had such effects.
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Di Credico A, Gaggi G, Vamvakis A, Serafini S, Ghinassi B, Di Baldassarre A, Izzicupo P. Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis of Young Elite Team Handball Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12972. [PMID: 34948582 PMCID: PMC8701441 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Team handball is a highly dynamic sport where physical demands differ between categories and roles. Thus, physical characteristics are fundamental for the final performance. This study aims to (a) characterize a sample of young male and female elite team handball players with a non-athletic reference population; (b) to generate their 50%, 75%, and 95% percentiles of the bioelectrical variables. The study included 55 young elite team handball players (Males, n = 37, age = 17.0 ± 1.2 yrs, height = 185.8 ± 7.3 cm, weight = 82.0 ± 11.0 kg, body mass index (BMI) = 23.7 ± 2.5; Females, n = 18, age = 17.8 ± 0.9 yrs, height = 171.2 ± 6.4 cm, weight = 67.4 ± 7.2 kg, BMI = 23.0 ± 2.0). Height and bioelectrical variables were assessed in a state of euhydration and standard conditions. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) was used to characterize the bioelectrical vector (BIA vector) distribution pattern for each group. Compared to the reference values, BIA vector showed statistically significant differences in males U17 (n = 19, T2 = 51.0, p < 0.0001), males U19 (n = 18, T2 = 82.0, p < 0.0001) and females U19 (n = 18, T2 = 85.8, p < 0.0001). Male groups were also bioelectrically different (T2 = 13.7, p = 0.0036). BIVA showed specific bioelectrical characteristics in young male and female elite handball players. This study provides an original data set of bioelectrical impedance reference values of young male and female elite team handball players. Our result might help to interpret individual bioimpedance vectors and define target regions for young handball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (S.S.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (S.S.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anastasios Vamvakis
- 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, 54649 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Sofia Serafini
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (S.S.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (S.S.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (S.S.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (S.S.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
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Di Credico A, Gaggi G, Izzicupo P, Bucci I, Di Baldassarre A. Resveratrol Enhances the Cytotoxic Activity of Lymphocytes from Menopausal Women. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121914. [PMID: 34943018 PMCID: PMC8750017 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals and functional foods are the main sources of antioxidants and have positive effects on health through regulation of the redox balance. Accordingly, they represent a useful nutritional source for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Menopausal women have an increased risk of developing NCDs due to hormonal dysregulation and the ongoing aging process. Accordingly, a healthy lifestyle and good nutritional habits are of utmost importance in this population. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol, and it is used as a nutraceutical given its estrogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of RSV on the lymphocyte cytotoxicity in menopausal women. Lymphocytes from 13 healthy menopausal women (56.18 ± 4.24 years) were isolated, and then cocultured with hTERT-HME1, a breast cell line with a precancerous phenotype. The results showed that, when treated with RSV, lymphocytes significantly increased the TNF-α production (p < 0.001), the formation of immune synapses (p = 0.009), and the target cell lysis (p = 0.002). No effects were detected in the lymphocyte total antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, RSV might enhance the immune surveillance in menopausal women by increasing the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (I.B.)
| | - Giulia Gaggi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (I.B.)
| | - Ines Bucci
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (I.B.)
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (I.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-3554545
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Di Credico A, Perpetuini D, Chiacchiaretta P, Cardone D, Filippini C, Gaggi G, Merla A, Ghinassi B, Di Baldassarre A, Izzicupo P. The Prediction of Running Velocity during the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test Using Accelerometry-Derived Metrics and Physiological Parameters: A Machine Learning Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010854. [PMID: 34682594 PMCID: PMC8535824 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Measuring exercise variables is one of the most important points to consider to maximize physiological adaptations. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a useful method to improve both cardiovascular and neuromuscular performance. The 30–15IFT is a field test reflecting the effort elicited by HIIT, and the final velocity reached in the test is used to set the intensity of HIIT during the training session. In order to have a valid measure of the velocity during training, devices such as GPS can be used. However, in several situations (e.g., indoor setting), such devices do not provide reliable measures. The aim of the study was to predict exact running velocity during the 30–15IFT using accelerometry-derived metrics (i.e., Player Load and Average Net Force) and heart rate (HR) through a machine learning (ML) approach (i.e., Support Vector Machine) with a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation. The SVM approach showed the highest performance to predict running velocity (r = 0.91) when compared to univariate approaches using PL (r = 0.62), AvNetForce (r = 0.73) and HR only (r = 0.87). In conclusion, the presented multivariate ML approach is able to predict running velocity better than univariate ones, and the model is generalizable across subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - David Perpetuini
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (D.C.); (C.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Piero Chiacchiaretta
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territory Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Daniela Cardone
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (D.C.); (C.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Chiara Filippini
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (D.C.); (C.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Arcangelo Merla
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (D.C.); (C.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-3554545
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
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Gaggi G, Di Credico A, Izzicupo P, Iannetti G, Di Baldassarre A, Ghinassi B. Chemical and Biological Molecules Involved in Differentiation, Maturation, and Survival of Dopaminergic Neurons in Health and Parkinson's Disease: Physiological Aspects and Clinical Implications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070754. [PMID: 34209807 PMCID: PMC8301385 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by a specific and progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and dopamine, causing motor dysfunctions and impaired movements. Unfortunately, available therapies can partially treat the motor symptoms, but they have no effect on non-motor features. In addition, the therapeutic effect reduces gradually, and the prolonged use of drugs leads to a significative increase in the number of adverse events. For these reasons, an alternative approach that allows the replacement or the improved survival of DA neurons is very appealing for the treatment of PD patients and recently the first human clinical trials for DA neurons replacement have been set up. Here, we review the role of chemical and biological molecules that are involved in the development, survival and differentiation of DA neurons. In particular, we review the chemical small molecules used to differentiate different type of stem cells into DA neurons with high efficiency; the role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs both in DA neurons development/survival as far as in the pathogenesis of PD; and, finally, we dissect the potential role of exosomes carrying biological molecules as treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gaggi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
| | | | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Human Anatomy and Cell Differentiation Lab, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (P.I.); (B.G.)
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Di Credico A, Gaggi G, Ghinassi B, Mascherini G, Petri C, Giminiani RD, Di Baldassarre A, Izzicupo P. The Influence of Maturity Status on Anthropometric Profile and Body Composition of Youth Goalkeepers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8247. [PMID: 33171648 PMCID: PMC7664635 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The anthropometric profile assessment is an important aspect to consider during the growth stages of youth sport practitioners due to its usefulness in controlling maturity status and overall health. We performed an anthropometric profile evaluation in a sample of youth goalkeepers (n = 42) during a training camp, dividing them into three categories based on their years from peak height velocity (YPHV). We also checked if the selection of goalkeepers was associated with the birth quartile. The results showed that most of the participants' anthropometric parameters followed the normal trend according to the maturation stages. However, several subjects showed an overweight/obese condition and/or high waist circumference. Non-optimal values were found, mostly in the group of goalkeepers around the PHV. In addition, no selection based on birth quartile was seen. Therefore, the anthropometric profile and body composition of youth goalkeepers are physiologically affected by maturity status. However, several subjects were found to be overweight/obese and at cardiometabolic risk, suggesting that children and adolescents, although practicing sport, should pay attention to potentially contributing factors such as the attainment of the recommended levels of physical activity, lowering sedentary time, and adopt a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Gabriele Mascherini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristian Petri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Riccardo Di Giminiani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.G.); (B.G.); (P.I.)
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