1
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Naciri Y, Ghazzal MN, Paineau E. Nanosized tubular clay minerals as inorganic nanoreactors for energy and environmental applications: A review to fill current knowledge gaps. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 326:103139. [PMID: 38552380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Modern society pays further and further attention to environmental protection and the promotion of sustainable energy solutions. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is widely recognized as one of the most economically viable and ecologically sound technologies to combat environmental pollution and the global energy crisis. One challenge is finding a suitable photocatalytic material for an efficient process. Inorganic nanotubes have garnered attention as potential candidates due to their optoelectronic properties, which differ from their bulk equivalents. Among them, clay nanotubes (halloysite, imogolite, and chrysotile) are attracting renewed interest for photocatalysis applications thanks to their low production costs, their unique physical and chemical properties, and the possibility to functionalize or dope their structure to enhance charge-carriers separation into their structure. In this review, we provide new insights into the potential of these inorganic nanotubes in photocatalysis. We first discuss the structural and morphological features of clay nanotubes. Applications of photocatalysts based on clay nanotubes across a range of photocatalytic reactions, including the decomposition of organic pollutants, elimination of NOx, production of hydrogen, and disinfection of bacteria, are discussed. Finally, we highlight the obstacles and outline potential avenues for advancing the current photocatalytic system based on clay nanotubes. Our aim is that this review can offer researchers new opportunities to advance further research in the field of clay nanotubes-based photocatalysis with other vital applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Naciri
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Orsay 91405, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR8000, Institut de Chimie Physique, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Mohamed Nawfal Ghazzal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR8000, Institut de Chimie Physique, Orsay 91405, France.
| | - Erwan Paineau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Orsay 91405, France.
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2
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Temperature-Responsive Polymer Brush Coatings for Advanced Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194245. [PMID: 36236192 PMCID: PMC9571834 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern biomedical technologies predict the application of materials and devices that not only can comply effectively with specific requirements, but also enable remote control of their functions. One of the most prospective materials for these advanced biomedical applications are materials based on temperature-responsive polymer brush coatings (TRPBCs). In this review, methods for the fabrication and characterization of TRPBCs are summarized, and possibilities for their application, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the TRPBCs, are presented in detail. Special attention is paid to the mechanisms of thermo-responsibility of the TRPBCs. Applications of TRPBCs for temperature-switchable bacteria killing, temperature-controlled protein adsorption, cell culture, and temperature-controlled adhesion/detachment of cells and tissues are considered. The specific criteria required for the desired biomedical applications of TRPBCs are presented and discussed.
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3
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Anastasiadis SH, Chrissopoulou K, Stratakis E, Kavatzikidou P, Kaklamani G, Ranella A. How the Physicochemical Properties of Manufactured Nanomaterials Affect Their Performance in Dispersion and Their Applications in Biomedicine: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030552. [PMID: 35159897 PMCID: PMC8840392 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The growth in novel synthesis methods and in the range of possible applications has led to the development of a large variety of manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs), which can, in principle, come into close contact with humans and be dispersed in the environment. The nanomaterials interact with the surrounding environment, this being either the proteins and/or cells in a biological medium or the matrix constituent in a dispersion or composite, and an interface is formed whose properties depend on the physicochemical interactions and on colloidal forces. The development of predictive relationships between the characteristics of individual MNMs and their potential practical use critically depends on how the key parameters of MNMs, such as the size, shape, surface chemistry, surface charge, surface coating, etc., affect the behavior in a test medium. This relationship between the biophysicochemical properties of the MNMs and their practical use is defined as their functionality; understanding this relationship is very important for the safe use of these nanomaterials. In this mini review, we attempt to identify the key parameters of nanomaterials and establish a relationship between these and the main MNM functionalities, which would play an important role in the safe design of MNMs; thus, reducing the possible health and environmental risks early on in the innovation process, when the functionality of a nanomaterial and its toxicity/safety will be taken into account in an integrated way. This review aims to contribute to a decision tree strategy for the optimum design of safe nanomaterials, by going beyond the compromise between functionality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiros H. Anastasiadis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.C.); (E.S.); (P.K.); (G.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2810-391466
| | - Kiriaki Chrissopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.C.); (E.S.); (P.K.); (G.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.C.); (E.S.); (P.K.); (G.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Kavatzikidou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.C.); (E.S.); (P.K.); (G.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Georgia Kaklamani
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.C.); (E.S.); (P.K.); (G.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (K.C.); (E.S.); (P.K.); (G.K.); (A.R.)
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4
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Parnian P, D’Amore A. Fabrication of High-Performance CNT Reinforced Polymer Composite for Additive Manufacturing by Phase Inversion Technique. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4007. [PMID: 34833304 PMCID: PMC8623299 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM) of polymer composites has enabled the fabrication of highly customized parts with notably mechanical properties, thermal and electrical conductivity compared to un-reinforced polymers. Employing the reinforcements was a key factor in improving the properties of polymers after being 3D printed. However, almost all the existing 3D printing methods could make the most of disparate fiber reinforcement techniques, the fused filament fabrication (FFF) method is reviewed in this study to better understand its flexibility to employ for the proposed novel method. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a desirable reinforcement have a great potential to improve the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of 3D printed polymers. Several functionalization approaches for the preparation of CNT reinforced composites are discussed in this study. However, due to the non-uniform distribution and direction of reinforcements, the properties of the resulted specimen do not change as theoretically expected. Based on the phase inversion method, this paper proposes a novel technique to produce CNT-reinforced filaments to simultaneously increase the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. A homogeneous CNT dispersion in a dilute polymer solution is first obtained by sonication techniques. Then, the CNT/polymer filaments with the desired CNT content can be obtained by extracting the polymer's solvent. Furthermore, optimizing the filament draw ratio can result in a reasonable CNT orientation along the filament stretching direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto D’Amore
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy;
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5
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Ruiz-Hitzky E, Ruiz-García C, Fernandes FM, Lo Dico G, Lisuzzo L, Prevot V, Darder M, Aranda P. Sepiolite-Hydrogels: Synthesis by Ultrasound Irradiation and Their Use for the Preparation of Functional Clay-Based Nanoarchitectured Materials. Front Chem 2021; 9:733105. [PMID: 34485248 PMCID: PMC8414812 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.733105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepiolite and palygorskite fibrous clay minerals are 1D silicates featuring unique textural and structural characteristics useful in diverse applications, and in particular as rheological additives. Here we report on the ability of grinded sepiolite to generate highly viscous and stable hydrogels by sonomechanical irradiation (ultrasounds). Adequate drying of such hydrogels leads to low-density xerogels that show extensive fiber disaggregation compared to the starting sepiolite—whose fibers are agglomerated as bundles. Upon re-dispersion in water under high-speed shear, these xerogels show comparable rheological properties to commercially available defibrillated sepiolite products, resulting in high viscosity hydrogels that minimize syneresis. These colloidal systems are thus very interesting as they can be used to stabilize many diverse compounds as well as nano-/micro-particles, leading to the production of a large variety of composites and nano/micro-architectured solids. In this context, we report here various examples showing how colloidal routes based on sepiolite hydrogels can be used to obtain new heterostructured functional materials, based on their assembly to solids of diverse topology and composition such as 2D and 1D kaolinite and halloysite aluminosilicates, as well as to the 2D synthetic Mg,Al-layered double hydroxides (LDH).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Ruiz-García
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco M Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Faculté de Sciences, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Lo Dico
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Materials Institute, Getafe, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Lisuzzo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica - Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vanessa Prevot
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, ICCF, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Margarita Darder
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Cavallaro G, Lazzara G, Pignon F, Chiappisi L, Paineau E. Effect of Polymer Length on the Adsorption onto Aluminogermanate Imogolite Nanotubes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9858-9864. [PMID: 34369144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evidences the adsorption of model nonionic polymers onto aluminogermanate imogolite nanotubes, attractive porous nanofillers with potential molecular loading and release applications. We resolve the underlying mechanisms between nanotubes and polyethylene glycols with different molecular weights by means of nanoisothermal titration calorimetry. The analysis of the results provides a direct thermodynamic characterization, allowing us to propose a detailed description of the energetics involved in the formation of polymer/imogolite complexes. The affinity toward the nanotube surface is enthalpy-driven and strongly depends on the polymer chain length, which significantly affects the polymer configuration and the flow properties of the resulting complexes, probed by small-angle neutron scattering and rheology, respectively. These findings open new avenues for the rational design of these hybrid mixtures for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cavallaro
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lazzara
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Frédéric Pignon
- Laboratoire de Rhéologie et Procédés, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institut of Engineering Univ. Grenoble-Alpes), Grenoble F-38000, France
| | | | - Erwan Paineau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Orsay 91405, France
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7
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Lishchynskyi O, Stetsyshyn Y, Raczkowska J, Awsiuk K, Orzechowska B, Abalymov A, Skirtach AG, Bernasik A, Nastyshyn S, Budkowski A. Fabrication and Impact of Fouling-Reducing Temperature-Responsive POEGMA Coatings with Embedded CaCO 3 Nanoparticles on Different Cell Lines. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1417. [PMID: 33804043 PMCID: PMC8001162 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we have successfully prepared and characterized novel nanocomposite material exhibiting temperature-dependent surface wettability changes, based on grafted brush coatings of non-fouling poly(di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) with the embedded CaCO3 nanoparticles. Grafted polymer brushes attached to the glass surface were prepared in a three-step process using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Subsequently, uniform CaCO3 nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in POEGMA-grafted brush coatings were synthesized using biomineralized precipitation from solutions of CaCl2 and Na2CO3. An impact of the low concentration of the embedded CaCO3 NPs on cell adhesion and growth depends strongly on the type of studied cell line: keratinocytes (HaCaT), melanoma (WM35) and osteoblastic (MC3T3-e1). Based on the temperature-responsive properties of grafted brush coatings and CaCO3 NPs acting as biologically active substrate, we hope that our research will lead to a new platform for tissue engineering with modified growth of the cells due to the release of biologically active substances from CaCO3 NPs and the ability to detach the cells in a controlled manner using temperature-induced changes of the brush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ostap Lishchynskyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George’s Square 2, 79-013 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Yurij Stetsyshyn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George’s Square 2, 79-013 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Joanna Raczkowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, St. George’s Square 2, 79-013 Lviv, Ukraine;
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Kamil Awsiuk
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Barbara Orzechowska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Anatolii Abalymov
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.A.); (A.G.S.)
| | - Andre G. Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.A.); (A.G.S.)
| | - Andrzej Bernasik
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH—University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-049 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Svyatoslav Nastyshyn
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrzej Budkowski
- Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.A.); (S.N.); (A.B.)
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8
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Mukai M, Takada A, Hamada A, Kajiwara T, Takahara A. Preparation and characterization of an imogolite/chitosan hybrid with pyridoxal-5′-phosphate as an interfacial modifier. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31712-31716. [PMID: 35496855 PMCID: PMC9041438 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04774d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Imogolite/chitosan hybrid films were prepared using pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) as an interfacial modifier. Thermogravimetric analysis and spectroscopic measurements revealed that the phosphate group of PLP was adsorbed on the imogolite. Furthermore, rheological measurements suggested that the PLP-modified imogolites (PLP–imogolite) had strong interactions with chitosan in solution. Moreover, UV absorption of the hybrid film showed that PLP and chitosan formed Schiff base linkages. Therefore, the hybrid films exhibited a significant improvement in their mechanical properties compared to those of pristine chitosan/imogolite hybrid films. An eco-friendly hybrid film of chitosan and imogolite was prepared using pyridoxal-5′-phosphate as a surface modifier.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Mukai
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Akihiko Takada
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hamada
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kajiwara
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Research Center for Negative Emission Technology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahara
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Research Center for Negative Emission Technology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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9
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Hasani M, Abdouss M, Shojaei S. Nanocontainers for drug delivery systems: A review of Halloysite nanotubes and their properties. Int J Artif Organs 2020; 44:426-433. [PMID: 33172333 DOI: 10.1177/0391398820968836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are known as inexpensive and available nanomaterials that are rich in functionality, environmentally benign, and also safe and easy to process. As well, good particle size (i.e. nanoscale) and perfect tubular microstructures of these materials make them to be used extensively as drug carriers. Also, the unique physical and chemical properties of their internal and external surfaces are the greatest priority for the drug encapsulation controlling and releasing. In this review, is tried to emphasis on the main properties of HNTs to manage and develop effective drug delivery tools in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Hasani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, IAUCTB, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Abdouss
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Shojaei
- Stem cells Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Goh PS, Wong KC, Ismail AF. Nanocomposite Membranes for Liquid and Gas Separations from the Perspective of Nanostructure Dimensions. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E297. [PMID: 33096685 PMCID: PMC7589584 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10100297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the critical aspects in the design of nanocomposite membrane is the selection of a well-matched pair of nanomaterials and a polymer matrix that suits their intended application. By making use of the fascinating flexibility of nanoscale materials, the functionalities of the resultant nanocomposite membranes can be tailored. The unique features demonstrated by nanomaterials are closely related to their dimensions, hence a greater attention is deserved for this critical aspect. Recognizing the impressive research efforts devoted to fine-tuning the nanocomposite membranes for a broad range of applications including gas and liquid separation, this review intends to discuss the selection criteria of nanostructured materials from the perspective of their dimensions for the production of high-performing nanocomposite membranes. Based on their dimension classifications, an overview of the characteristics of nanomaterials used for the development of nanocomposite membranes is presented. The advantages and roles of these nanomaterials in advancing the performance of the resultant nanocomposite membranes for gas and liquid separation are reviewed. By highlighting the importance of dimensions of nanomaterials that account for their intriguing structural and physical properties, the potential of these nanomaterials in the development of nanocomposite membranes can be fully harnessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia; (K.C.W.); (A.F.I.)
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11
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Massaro M, Noto R, Riela S. Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Halloysite Clay Minerals. Molecules 2020; 25:E4863. [PMID: 33096852 PMCID: PMC7587942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), clay minerals belonging to the kaolin groups, are emerging nanomaterials which have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their interesting features, such as low-cost, availability and biocompatibility. In addition, their large surface area and tubular structure have led to HNTs' application in different industrial purposes. This review reports a comprehensive overview of the historical background of HNT utilization in the last 20 years. In particular it will focus on the functionalization of the surfaces, both supramolecular and covalent, following applications in several fields, including biomedicine, environmental science and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Massaro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | | | - Serena Riela
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
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12
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Temperature-responsive and multi-responsive grafted polymer brushes with transitions based on critical solution temperature: synthesis, properties, and applications. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Park H, Goto T, Cho S, Lee SW, Kakihana M, Sekino T. Effects of Annealing Temperature on the Crystal Structure, Morphology, and Optical Properties of Peroxo-Titanate Nanotubes Prepared by Peroxo-Titanium Complex Ion. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071331. [PMID: 32650557 PMCID: PMC7407109 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the effects of annealing temperatures (up to 500 °C) on the crystal structure, morphology, and optical properties of peroxo groups (-O-O-) containing titanate nanotubes (PTNTs). PTNTs, which possess a unique tubular morphology of layered-compound-like hydrogen titanate structure (approximately 10 nm in diameter), were synthesized using peroxo-titanium (Ti-O-O) complex ions as a precursor under very mild conditions-temperature of 100 °C and alkali concentration of 1.5 M-in the precursor solution. The nanotubular structure was dismantled by annealing and a nanoplate-like structure within the range of 20-50 nm in width and 100-300 nm in length was formed at 500 °C via a nanosheet structure by decreasing the specific surface area. Hydrogen titanate-based structures of the as-synthesized PTNTs transformed directly into anatase-type TiO2 at a temperature above 360 °C due to dehydration and phase transition. The final product, anatase-based titania nanoplate, was partially hydrogen titanate crystal in nature, in which hydroxyl (-OH) bonds exist in their interlayers. Therefore, the use of Ti-O-O complex ions contributes to the improved thermal stability of hydrogen titanate nanotubes. These results show a simple and environmentally friendly method that is useful for the synthesis of functional nanomaterials for applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsu Park
- Department of Advanced Hard Materials, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.P.); (T.G.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Tomoyo Goto
- Department of Advanced Hard Materials, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.P.); (T.G.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Sunghun Cho
- Department of Advanced Hard Materials, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.P.); (T.G.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Soo Wohn Lee
- Department of Environmental and Bio-chemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Korea;
| | - Masato Kakihana
- Department of Advanced Hard Materials, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.P.); (T.G.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tohru Sekino
- Department of Advanced Hard Materials, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan; (H.P.); (T.G.); (S.C.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(0)-6-6879-8435
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14
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Effect of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes on Strength Properties of Cement Composites. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13061305. [PMID: 32183113 PMCID: PMC7143362 DOI: 10.3390/ma13061305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on strength the properties of cement composites when surfactant (SAA) was applied as the dispersion method. TritonX-100 (TX10) was used as the SAA to pretreat SWCNTs, which has been proved to perform well in dispersing the agglomerates of SWCNTs. In this study, four different concentration of SWCNTs, namely 0.00 wt%, 0.02 wt%, 0.04 wt%, and 0.06 wt% by the mass of cement, were used to prepare cement composite specimens. The compressive strength and flexural strength of specimens were tested and recorded. The results show that the compressive and flexural strengths of cement composites decreased with the increase in the concentration of SWCNTs without the addition of TX10. However, when SWCNT suspensions were pretreated with TX10, the strength variation pattern changed; the compressive and flexural strengths of cement composites increased as a function of the concentration of SWCNTs, although there were reductions compared to non-TX10-treated specimens at all concentrations of SWCNTs. Furthermore, the relationship between the strength of cement composites and bulk density of specimens was considered.
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15
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Chemical characterization and adsorption of oil mill wastewater on Moroccan clay in order to be used in the agricultural field. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03164. [PMID: 32042956 PMCID: PMC7002786 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oil mill wastewater (OMW) is the main liquid discharge from oil mills, it is considered as a dangerous pollutant due to its toxic chemical compounds which are unloaded directly in the environment without any treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of OMW adsorption on clay as a good method for the elimination of toxic chemical compounds and to study the application of treated OMW as an irrigation source in agricultural field. For this, Clay was collected from the city of Agourai (Meknes region, Morocco) and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, BET and FTIR analysis. Moreover, the treated OMW was analyzed using UHPLC-ESI-MS and the determination of total phenolic content (TPC) was also performed. However, the application of the treated OMW in agricultural field was performed by the determination of its effect on the germination of Lepidium sativum seeds (in vitro) and as a source of irrigation of Vicia faba plants (in situ). The results of this study showed that OMW had the following physicochemical characteristics: average pH of 4.88, TPC of 4.75 g/l, COD of 80 g/l, BOD5 of 18.72 g/l, conductivity of 16.05 cm-1, dry matter of 135.7 g/l and volatile matter of 58.7 g/l. The adsorption on clay had increased the pH from 4.88 to 6.14 and reduced significantly the organic matter (42% of COD and 57.4% of phenolic compounds). UHPLC-ESI-MS analysis showed the presence of a wide variety of organic compounds in OMW, with the appearance of new compounds after adsorption. Moreover, the use of treated OMW as a source of irrigation showed a significant effect on the germination of Lepidium sativum seeds and the growth of Vicia faba plants. From this study, we can conclude that the adsorption on clay is a good method for the treatment of OMW, which became non-toxic for environment and can be used as a source of irrigation in agricultural field.
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16
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From Clay Minerals to Al2O3 Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Colloidal Stabilization for Optoelectronic Applications. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This research was performed to obtain high-value products from clay materials. High-grade nanometric delta-alumina (δ-Al2O3) was obtained from the modification of clay-based minerals, which could be potentially applied in the form of thin film for novel optoelectronic applications. The selective recovery process of alumina from clay materials presents an important advantage regarding the complete removal of other starting constituents such as silica, iron, titanium, alkali, and alkaline earth metals. To accomplish the selective removal of different species, an acid leaching route was used to extract the aluminum, then the iron impurities were eliminated by alkaline precipitation. The solution was acidized to precipitate the aluminum as aluminum chloride hexahydrate. Finally, the aluminum chloride hexahydrate was calcinated to obtain nano-delta-alumina with purity of over 98.5% Al2O3. The dominating crystalline phase was delta–gamma alumina (δ-phase and γ-phase), with a particle size of <140 nm. Then, these nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared as a stable colloidal dispersion to form a mesoporous layer employing the spin-coating technique. Initially, the synthesized alumina was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and TEM to determine the particle size and its morphology, whereas the colloidal dispersion was analyzed by rheological measurements. Finally, the findings of this investigation made it possible to get thin films with good porosity, which can be used in optoelectronic applications, specifically in perovskite solar cells.
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17
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Kalay S, Stetsyshyn Y, Donchak V, Harhay K, Lishchynskyi O, Ohar H, Panchenko Y, Voronov S, Çulha M. pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2428-2439. [PMID: 31921521 PMCID: PMC6941444 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
pH-Switchable, fluorescent, hybrid, water-dispersible nanomaterials based on boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and grafted copolymer brushes (poly(acrylic acid-co-fluorescein acrylate) - P(AA-co-FA)) were successfully fabricated in a two-step process. The functionalization of BNNTs was confirmed by spectroscopic, gravimetric and imaging techniques. In contrast to "pure" BNNTs, P(AA-co-FA)-functionalized BNNTs demonstrate intense green fluorescence emission at 520 nm. Under neutral or alkaline pH values, P(AA-co-FA)-functionalized BNNTs are highly emissive in contrast to acidic pH conditions where the fluorescent intensity is absent or low. No increase in the absorption was observed when the suspension pH was increased from 7 to 10. The functionalized BNNTs are easily taken up by human normal prostate epithelium (PNT1A) and human prostate cancer cell lines (DU145) and are suitable for further evaluation in cellular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saban Kalay
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yurij Stetsyshyn
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Donchak
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Khrystyna Harhay
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Ostap Lishchynskyi
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Halyna Ohar
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Yuriy Panchenko
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Stanislav Voronov
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Mustafa Çulha
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Atasehir, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Controlling the Dissolution Rate of Hydrophobic Drugs by Incorporating Carbon Nanotubes with Different Levels of Carboxylation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9071475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We present the anti-solvent precipitation of hydrophobic drugs griseofulvin (GF) and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) in the presence of carboxylated carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs). The aqueous dispersed f-CNTs were directly incorporated into the drug particles during the precipitation process. f-CNTs with different levels of carboxylation were tested where the hydrophilicity was varied by altering the C:COOH ratio. The results show that the hydrophilic f-CNTs dramatically enhanced the dissolution rate for both drugs, and the enhancement corresponded to the hydrophilicity of f-CNTs. The time to reach 80% dissolution (t80) reduced from 52.5 min for pure SMZ to 16.5 min when incorporated f-CNTs that had a C:COOH ratio of 23.2 were used, and to 11.5 min when the ratio dropped to 16. A corresponding decrease was observed for SMZ for the above-mentioned f-CNTs. The study clearly demonstrates that it is possible to control the dissolution rate of hydrophobic drugs by altering the level of carboxylation of the incorporated CNTs.
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Han J, Li G, Yuan L. Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured Hollow MgO Spheres. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:ma12030537. [PMID: 30754649 PMCID: PMC6384583 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured hollow MgO microspheres were prepared by the template method. First, D-Anhydrous glucose was polymerized by the hydrothermal method to form a template. Second, a colorless solution was obtained by mixing magnesite with hydrochloric acid in a 1:2 proportion and heating in an 80 °C water bath for 2 h. Finally, the template from the first step was placed in the colorless solution, and the resulting precipitate was calcined at 550 °C for 2 h. The phase composition and microstructure of the calcined samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD results indicated that the main crystal is periclase. The SEM results indicates that the template carbon microsphere surface is smooth, and the its size is uniform and concentrated in the range of 100⁻200 nm. The diameters of the samples range from 60 to 90 nm, which is smaller than the size of the carbon microsphere. The TEM results indicates that the sample is hollow with a shell thickness of about 6⁻10 nm. The specific surface area of the calcined hollow sphere is 59.5 m²·g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishuo Han
- School of High Temperature Materials and Magnesia Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.
| | - Guohua Li
- School of High Temperature Materials and Magnesia Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China.
| | - Lin Yuan
- Ruitai Materials Technology Co., Ltd., China Building Materials Academy, Beijing 100024, China.
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20
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Core/Shell Gel Beads with Embedded Halloysite Nanotubes for Controlled Drug Release. COATINGS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanocomposites based on biopolymers and nanoparticles for controlled drug release is an attractive notion. We used halloysite nanotubes that were promising candidates for the loading and release of active molecules due to their hollow cavity. Gel beads based on chitosan with uniformly dispersed halloysite nanotubes were obtained by a dropping method. Alginate was used to generate a coating layer over the hybrid gel beads. This proposed procedure succeeded in controlling the morphology at the mesoscale and it had a relevant effect on the release profile of the model drug from the nanotube cavity.
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21
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Rozhina E, Ishmukhametov I, Batasheva S, Akhatova F, Fakhrullin R. Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1818-1825. [PMID: 31579070 PMCID: PMC6753675 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface engineering, as a practical manifestation of nanoarchitectonics, is a powerful tool to modify and enhance properties of live cells. In turn, cells may serve as sacrificial templates to fabricate cell-mimicking materials. Herein we report a facile method to produce cell-recognising silica imprints capable of the selective detection of human cells. We used HeLa cells to template silica inorganic shells doped with halloysite clay nanotubes. The shells were destroyed by sonication resulting in the formation of polydisperse hybrid imprints that were used to recognise HeLa cells in liquid media supplemented with yeast. We believe that methodology reported here will find applications in biomedical and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Rozhina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
| | - Ilnur Ishmukhametov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Batasheva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
| | - Farida Akhatova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
| | - Rawil Fakhrullin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, Kazan 420008, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
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22
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Muriel-Galet V, Pérez-Esteve É, Ruiz-Rico M, Martínez-Máñez R, Barat JM, Hernández-Muñoz P, Gavara R. Anchoring Gated Mesoporous Silica Particles to Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Films for Smart Packaging Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E865. [PMID: 30360427 PMCID: PMC6215127 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work is a proof of concept for the design of active packaging materials based on the anchorage of gated mesoporous silica particles with a pH triggering mechanism to a packaging film surface. Mesoporous silica micro- and nanoparticles were loaded with rhodamine B and functionalized with N-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine. This simple system allows regulation of cargo delivery as a function of the pH of the environment. In parallel, poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) films, EVOH 32 and EVOH 44, were ultraviolet (UV) irradiated to convert hydroxyl moieties of the polymer chains into ⁻COOH functional groups. The highest COOH surface concentration was obtained for EVOH 32 after 15 min of UV irradiation. Anchoring of the gated mesoporous particles to the films was carried out successfully at pH 3 and pH 5. Mesoporous particles were distributed homogeneously throughout the film surface and in greater concentration for the EVOH 32 films. Films with the anchored particles were exposed to two liquid media simulating acidic food and neutral food. The films released the cargo at neutral pH but kept the dye locked at acidic pH. The best results were obtained for EVOH 32 irradiated for 15 min, treated for particle attachment at pH 3, and with mesoporous silica nanoparticles. This opens the possibility of designing active materials loaded with antimicrobials, antioxidants, or aromatic compounds, which are released when the pH of the product approaches neutrality, as occurs, for instance, with the release of biogenic amines from fresh food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Muriel-Galet
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Grupo de Envases, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Édgar Pérez-Esteve
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Alimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Ruiz-Rico
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Alimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València. Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Barat
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Alimentaria, Universitat Politècnica de València. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pilar Hernández-Muñoz
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Grupo de Envases, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Rafael Gavara
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Grupo de Envases, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
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23
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Microemulsion Encapsulated into Halloysite Nanotubes and their Applications for Cleaning of a Marble Surface. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8091455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Halloysite nanotubes were used to incorporate anionic surfactant micelles and an organic solvent to generate a cleaning system to be applied in Cultural Heritage restoration. The targeted adsorption is driven by electrostatic interactions based on the nanotubes peculiar charge separation. Namely anionic species are driven to the positively charged inner surface while being prevented from interacting with the halloysite outer surface that possesses a positive charge density. The hybrid organic/inorganic emulsion was characterized by dynamic light scattering. Analysis of the autocorrelation function allowed us to define the presence of surfactant aggregates inside/outside the nanotube lumen as a function of the nanotube/surfactant ratio in an aqueous mixture. The application of this prepared emulsion for the controlled cleaning of a marble artifact is demonstrated. To this purpose, a membrane of nanofibrous polyacrylonitrile was prepared by electrospinning and was applied between the work of art and the cleaning agent to avoid the release of residues on the marble surface. This work represents a further step toward the opportunity to extend the use of emulsions for cleaning protocols for stone-based artifacts or in technological applications where surfactant separation is required by a simple centrifugation/sedimentation method.
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