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Huang W, De-Eknamkul C, Ren Y, Cubukcu E. Directing valley-polarized emission of 3 L WS 2 by photonic crystal with directional circular dichroism. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:6076-6084. [PMID: 38439318 PMCID: PMC11018336 DOI: 10.1364/oe.510027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The valley degree of freedom that results from broken inversion symmetry in two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has sparked a lot of interest due to its huge potential in information processing. In this experimental work, to optically address the valley-polarized emission from three-layer (3 L) thick WS2 at room temperature, we employ a SiN photonic crystal slab that has two sets of holes in a square lattice that supports directional circular dichroism engendered by delocalized guided mode resonances. By perturbatively breaking the inversion symmetry of the photonic crystal slab, we can simultaneously manipulate s and p components of the radiating field so that these resonances correspond to circularly polarized emission. The emission of excitons from distinct valleys is coupled into different radiative channels and hence separated in the farfield. This directional exciton emission from selective valleys provides a potential route for valley-polarized light emitters, which lays the groundwork for future valleytronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0407, USA
| | - Chawina De-Eknamkul
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Yundong Ren
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Ertugrul Cubukcu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0407, USA
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
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2
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Abstract
The topological properties of an object, associated with an integer called the topological invariant, are global features that cannot change continuously but only through abrupt variations, hence granting them intrinsic robustness. Engineered metamaterials (MMs) can be tailored to support highly nontrivial topological properties of their band structure, relative to their electronic, electromagnetic, acoustic and mechanical response, representing one of the major breakthroughs in physics over the past decade. Here, we review the foundations and the latest advances of topological photonic and phononic MMs, whose nontrivial wave interactions have become of great interest to a broad range of science disciplines, such as classical and quantum chemistry. We first introduce the basic concepts, including the notion of topological charge and geometric phase. We then discuss the topology of natural electronic materials, before reviewing their photonic/phononic topological MM analogues, including 2D topological MMs with and without time-reversal symmetry, Floquet topological insulators, 3D, higher-order, non-Hermitian and nonlinear topological MMs. We also discuss the topological aspects of scattering anomalies, chemical reactions and polaritons. This work aims at connecting the recent advances of topological concepts throughout a broad range of scientific areas and it highlights opportunities offered by topological MMs for the chemistry community and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Simon Yves
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College, The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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3
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Lu TH, Wang YJ, Chen YF, Lin YH. Generation of vector vortex beams by axially symmetric sheared polymer network liquid crystals. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:6373-6376. [PMID: 36538441 DOI: 10.1364/ol.476307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals have been widely used in optoelectronic devices because of their fast response and excellent electro-optic properties. Featuring a unique ability to manipulate light, they are also proposed as a good candidate in topological photonics for further applications. In this study, an axially symmetric sheared polymer network liquid crystal (ASPNLC) is fabricated to demonstrate vector vortex beams. Linearly and circularly polarized light is used to illuminate the sample, and the output vector vortex beams generated from the ASPNLC indicate that the polarization states of the output beams are dependent on the polarization of the incident light. The measured phenomena are modeled on the bases of phase retardation and Jones calculus to eventually calculate the polarization-resolved intensity profiles accordingly. Hence, our experimental study provides a holistic understanding of the method for generating vector vortex beams by an ASPNLC, which is expected to enhance the knowledge of optical mechanisms for liquid crystal applications.
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Huang L, Krasnok A, Alú A, Yu Y, Neshev D, Miroshnichenko AE. Enhanced light-matter interaction in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:046401. [PMID: 34939940 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac45f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials, such as MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, have received extensive attention in the past decade due to their extraordinary electronic, optical and thermal properties. They evolve from indirect bandgap semiconductors to direct bandgap semiconductors while their layer number is reduced from a few layers to a monolayer limit. Consequently, there is strong photoluminescence in a monolayer (1L) TMDC due to the large quantum yield. Moreover, such monolayer semiconductors have two other exciting properties: large binding energy of excitons and valley polarization. These properties make them become ideal materials for various electronic, photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, their performance is limited by the relatively weak light-matter interactions due to their atomically thin form factor. Resonant nanophotonic structures provide a viable way to address this issue and enhance light-matter interactions in 2D TMDCs. Here, we provide an overview of this research area, showcasing relevant applications, including exotic light emission, absorption and scattering features. We start by overviewing the concept of excitons in 1L-TMDC and the fundamental theory of cavity-enhanced emission, followed by a discussion on the recent progress of enhanced light emission, strong coupling and valleytronics. The atomically thin nature of 1L-TMDC enables a broad range of ways to tune its electric and optical properties. Thus, we continue by reviewing advances in TMDC-based tunable photonic devices. Next, we survey the recent progress in enhanced light absorption over narrow and broad bandwidths using 1L or few-layer TMDCs, and their applications for photovoltaics and photodetectors. We also review recent efforts of engineering light scattering, e.g., inducing Fano resonances, wavefront engineering in 1L or few-layer TMDCs by either integrating resonant structures, such as plasmonic/Mie resonant metasurfaces, or directly patterning monolayer/few layers TMDCs. We then overview the intriguing physical properties of different van der Waals heterostructures, and their applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices. Finally, we draw our opinion on potential opportunities and challenges in this rapidly developing field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States of America
| | - Andrea Alú
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, United States of America
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Yiling Yu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Dragomir Neshev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
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5
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Fang J, Wang M, Yao K, Zhang T, Krasnok A, Jiang T, Choi J, Kahn E, Korgel BA, Terrones M, Li X, Alù A, Zheng Y. Directional Modulation of Exciton Emission Using Single Dielectric Nanospheres. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007236. [PMID: 33837615 PMCID: PMC8211409 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Coupling emitters with nanoresonators is an effective strategy to control light emission at the subwavelength scale with high efficiency. Low-loss dielectric nanoantennas hold particular promise for this purpose, owing to their strong Mie resonances. Herein, a highly miniaturized platform is explored for the control of emission based on individual subwavelength Si nanospheres (SiNSs) to modulate the directional excitation and exciton emission of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs). A modified Mie theory for dipole-sphere hybrid systems is derived to instruct the optimal design for desirable modulation performance. Controllable forward-to-backward intensity ratios are experimentally validated in 532 nm laser excitation and 635 nm exciton emission from a monolayer WS2 . Versatile light emission control is achieved for different emitters and excitation wavelengths, benefiting from the facile size control and isotropic shape of SiNSs. Simultaneous modulation of excitation and emission via a single SiNS at visible wavelengths significantly improves the efficiency and directionality of TMD exciton emission and leads to the potential of multifunctional integrated photonics. Overall, the work opens promising opportunities for nanophotonics and polaritonic systems, enabling efficient manipulation, enhancement, and reconfigurability of light-matter interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Kan Yao
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Taizhi Jiang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Junho Choi
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ethan Kahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Brian A Korgel
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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6
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Li S, Wang H, Wang J, Chen H, Shao L. Control of light-valley interactions in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides with nanophotonic structures. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6357-6372. [PMID: 33885520 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08000d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electronic valley in two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) offers a new degree of freedom for information storage and processing. The valley pseudospin can be optically encoded by photons with specific helicity, enabling the construction of electronic information devices with both high performance and low power consumption. Robust detection, manipulation and transport of the valley pseudospins at room temperature are still challenging because of the short lifetime of valley-polarized carriers and excitons. Integrating 2D TMDCs with nanophotonic objects such as plasmonic nanostructures provides a competitive solution to address the challenge. The research in this field is of practical interest and can also present rich physics of light-matter interactions. In this minireview, recent progress on using nanophotonic strategies to enhance the valley polarization degree, especially at room temperature, is highlighted. Open questions, major challenges, and interesting future developments in manipulating the valley information in 2D semiconductors with the help of nanophotonic structures will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Li
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China.
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7
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Wang J, Li H, Ma Y, Zhao M, Liu W, Wang B, Wu S, Liu X, Shi L, Jiang T, Zi J. Routing valley exciton emission of a WS 2 monolayer via delocalized Bloch modes of in-plane inversion-symmetry-broken photonic crystal slabs. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:148. [PMID: 32884677 PMCID: PMC7442784 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The valleys of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) offer a new degree of freedom for information processing. To take advantage of this valley degree of freedom, on the one hand, it is feasible to control valleys by utilizing different external stimuli, such as optical and electric fields. On the other hand, nanostructures are also used to separate the valleys by near-field coupling. However, for both of the above methods, either the required low-temperature environment or low degree of coherence properties limit their further applications. Here, we demonstrate that all-dielectric photonic crystal (PhC) slabs without in-plane inversion symmetry (C2 symmetry) can separate and route valley exciton emission of a WS2 monolayer at room temperature. Coupling with circularly polarized photonic Bloch modes of such PhC slabs, valley photons emitted by a WS2 monolayer are routed directionally and are efficiently separated in the far field. In addition, far-field emissions are directionally enhanced and have long-distance spatial coherence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073 Changsha, China
| | - Yating Ma
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073 Changsha, China
| | - Maoxiong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Jiang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, 410073 Changsha, China
| | - Jian Zi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonics Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China
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8
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Gong SH, Komen I, Alpeggiani F, Kuipers L. Nanoscale Optical Addressing of Valley Pseudospins through Transverse Optical Spin. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:4410-4415. [PMID: 32406694 PMCID: PMC7291348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Valley pseudospin has emerged as a good quantum number to encode information, analogous to spin in spintronics. Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) recently attracted enormous attention for their easy access to the valley pseudospin through valley-dependent optical transitions. Different ways have been reported to read out the valley pseudospin state. For practical applications, on-chip access to and manipulation of valley pseudospins is paramount, not only to read out but especially to initiate the valley pseudospin state. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the selective on-chip, optical near-field initiation of valley pseudospins at room temperature. We exploit a nanowire optical waveguide, such that the local transverse optical spin of its guided modes selectively excites a specific valley pseudospin. Furthermore, spin-momentum locking of the transverse optical spin enables us to flip valley pseudospins with the opposite propagation direction. Thus, we open up ways to realize integrated hybrid opto-valleytronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Gong
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department
of Physics, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Irina Komen
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Alpeggiani
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - L. Kuipers
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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9
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Li Z, Xu B, Liang D, Pan A. Polarization-Dependent Optical Properties and Optoelectronic Devices of 2D Materials. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2020; 2020:5464258. [PMID: 33029588 PMCID: PMC7521027 DOI: 10.34133/2020/5464258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of optoelectronic devices requires breakthroughs in new material systems and novel device mechanisms, and the demand recently changes from the detection of signal intensity and responsivity to the exploration of sensitivity of polarized state information. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a rich family exhibiting diverse physical and electronic properties for polarization device applications, including anisotropic materials, valleytronic materials, and other hybrid heterostructures. In this review, we first review the polarized-light-dependent physical mechanism in 2D materials, then present detailed descriptions in optical and optoelectronic properties, involving Raman shift, optical absorption, and light emission and functional optoelectronic devices. Finally, a comment is made on future developments and challenges. The plethora of 2D materials and their heterostructures offers the promise of polarization-dependent scientific discovery and optoelectronic device application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Boyi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Delang Liang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Anlian Pan
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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10
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Wu Z, Li J, Zhang X, Redwing JM, Zheng Y. Room-Temperature Active Modulation of Valley Dynamics in a Monolayer Semiconductor through Chiral Purcell Effects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904132. [PMID: 31621963 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spin-dependent contrasting phenomena at K and K' valleys in monolayer semiconductors have led to addressable valley degree of freedom, which is the cornerstone for emerging valleytronic applications in information storage and processing. Tunable and active modulation of valley dynamics in a monolayer WSe2 is demonstrated at room temperature through controllable chiral Purcell effects in plasmonic chiral metamaterials. The strong spin-dependent modulation on the spontaneous decay of valley excitons leads to tunable handedness and spectral shift of valley-polarized emission, which is analyzed and predicted by an advanced theoretical model and further confirmed by experimental measurements. Moreover, large active spectral tuning (≈24 nm) and reversible ON/OFF switching of circular polarization of emission are achieved by the solvent-controllable thickness of the dielectric spacer in the metamaterials. With the on-demand and active tunability in valley-polarized emission, chiral Purcell effects can provide new strategies to harness valley excitons for applications in ultrathin valleytronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wu
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jingang Li
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Joan M Redwing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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11
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Lepeshov S, Krasnok A, Alù A. Enhanced excitation and emission from 2D transition metal dichalcogenides with all-dielectric nanoantennas. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:254004. [PMID: 30844774 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0daf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The recently emerged concept of all-dielectric nanophotonics based on optical Mie resonances in high-index dielectric nanoparticles has proven to be a promising pathway to boost light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. In this work, we discuss the opportunities enabled by the interaction of dielectric nanoresonators with 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs), leading to weak and strong coupling regimes. We perform a comprehensive analysis of bright exciton photoluminescence (PL) enhancement from various 2D TMDCs, including WS2, MoS2, WSe2, and MoSe2 via their coupling to Mie resonances of a silicon nanoparticle. For each case, we find the system parameters corresponding to maximal PL enhancement taking into account excitation rate, Purcell factor and radiation efficiency. We demonstrate numerically that all-dielectric Si nanoantennas can significantly enhance the PL intensity from 2D TMDC by a factor of hundred through precise optimization of the geometrical and material parameters. Our results may be useful for high-efficiency 2D TMDC-based optoelectronic, nanophotonic, and quantum optical devices.
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12
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Hertzog M, Wang M, Mony J, Börjesson K. Strong light-matter interactions: a new direction within chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:937-961. [PMID: 30662987 PMCID: PMC6365945 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00193f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Strong light–matter coupling enables the possibility of changing the properties of molecules, without modifying their chemical structures, thus enabling a completely new way to study chemistry and explore materials.
It is possible to modify the chemical and physical properties of molecules, not only through chemical modifications but also by coupling molecules strongly to light. More intriguingly, strong coupling between molecules and light is possible even without the presence of a photon. The phenomenon that makes this possible is called vacuum fluctuations, which is the finite zero point energy of the quantized electromagnetic field inside an optical cavity. The light–matter coupling, which can be as large as 1 eV (100 kJ mol–1), leads to the formation of new hybrid states, called polaritons. The formed hybrid states can be viewed as a linear combination of light (vacuum field) and matter (molecules), thus completely changing the energy landscape of the system. Using vacuum fluctuations, strong light–matter interactions have for instance been used to change chemical reactivity, charge conductivity, excited state relaxation pathways and rates of chemical reactions of organic molecules. In this review a brief history of the field is given, followed by a theoretical framework, methods of analysis, and a review of accomplishments. Finally, a personal reflection on the future perspectives and applications within this field is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hertzog
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Kemigården 4, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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