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Du H, Yan M, Liu X, Zhong Y, Ban J, Lu K, Li T. Exposure to Concurrent Heatwaves and Ozone Pollution and Associations with Mortality Risk: A Nationwide Study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:47012. [PMID: 38662525 PMCID: PMC11045006 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent extreme events are projected to occur more frequently under a changing climate. Understanding the mortality risk and burden of the concurrent heatwaves and ozone (O 3 ) pollution may support the formulation of adaptation strategies and early warning systems for concurrent events in the context of climate change. OBJECTIVES We aimed to estimate the mortality risk and excess deaths of concurrent heatwaves and O 3 pollution across 250 counties in China. METHODS We collected daily mortality, meteorological, and air pollution data for the summer (1 June to 30 September) during 2013-2018. We defined heatwaves and high O 3 pollution days, then we divided the identified days into three categories: a) days with only heatwaves (heatwave-only event), b) days with only high O 3 pollution (high O 3 pollution-only event), and c) days with concurrent heatwaves and high O 3 pollution (concurrent event). A generalized linear model with a quasi-Poisson regression was used to estimate the risk of mortality associated with extreme events for each county. Then we conducted a random-effects meta-analysis to pool the county-specific estimates to derive the overall effect estimates. We used mixed-effects meta-regression to identify the drivers of the heterogeneity. Finally, we estimated the excess death attributable to extreme events (heatwave-only, high O 3 pollution-only, and concurrent events) from 2013 to 2020. RESULTS A higher all-cause mortality risk was associated with exposure to the concurrent heatwaves and high O 3 pollution than exposure to a heatwave-only or a high O 3 pollution-only event. The effects of a concurrent event on circulatory and respiratory mortality were higher than all-cause and nonaccidental mortality. Sex and age significantly impacted the association of concurrent events and heatwave-only events with all-cause mortality. We estimated that annual average excess deaths attributed to the concurrent events were 6,249 in China from 2017 to 2020, 5.7 times higher than the annual average excess deaths attributed to the concurrent events from 2013 to 2016. The annual average proportion of excess deaths attributed to the concurrent events in the total excess deaths caused by three types of events (heatwave-only events, high O 3 pollution-only events, and concurrent events) increased significantly in 2017-2020 (31.50%; 95% CI: 26.73%, 35.53%) compared with 2013-2016 (9.65%; 95% CI: 5.67%, 10.81%). Relative excess risk due to interaction revealed positive additive interaction considering the concurrent effect of heatwaves and high O 3 pollution. DISCUSSION Our findings may provide scientific basis for establishing a concurrent event early warning system to reduce the adverse health impact of the concurrent heatwaves and high O 3 pollution. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13790.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Du
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health (NIEH), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Meilin Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Energy Foundation China, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health (NIEH), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ban
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health (NIEH), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kailai Lu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health (NIEH), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health (NIEH), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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2
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Monteiro dos Santos D, Libonati R, Garcia BN, Geirinhas JL, Salvi BB, Lima e Silva E, Rodrigues JA, Peres LF, Russo A, Gracie R, Gurgel H, Trigo RM. Twenty-first-century demographic and social inequalities of heat-related deaths in Brazilian urban areas. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295766. [PMID: 38265975 PMCID: PMC10807764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Population exposure to heat waves (HWs) is increasing worldwide due to climate change, significantly affecting society, including public health. Despite its significant vulnerabilities and limited adaptation resources to rising temperatures, South America, particularly Brazil, lacks research on the health impacts of temperature extremes, especially on the role played by socioeconomic factors in the risk of heat-related illness. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the effects of HWs on mortality rates in the 14 most populous urban areas, comprising approximately 35% of the country's population. Excess mortality during HWs was estimated through the observed-to-expected ratio (O/E) for total deaths during the events identified. Moreover, the interplay of intersectionality and vulnerability to heat considering demographics and socioeconomic heterogeneities, using gender, age, race, and educational level as proxies, as well as the leading causes of heat-related excess death, were assessed. A significant increase in the frequency was observed from the 1970s (0-3 HWs year-1) to the 2010s (3-11 HWs year-1), with higher tendencies in the northern, northeastern, and central-western regions. Over the 2000-2018 period, 48,075 (40,448-55,279) excessive deaths were attributed to the growing number of HWs (>20 times the number of landslides-related deaths for the same period). Nevertheless, our event-based surveillance analysis did not detect the HW-mortality nexus, reinforcing that extreme heat events are a neglected disaster in Brazil. Among the leading causes of death, diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems and neoplasms were the most frequent. Critical regional differences were observed, which can be linked to the sharp North-South inequalities in terms of socioeconomic and health indicators, such as life expectancy. Higher heat-related excess mortality was observed for low-educational level people, blacks and browns, older adults, and females. Such findings highlight that the strengthening of primary health care combined with reducing socioeconomic, racial, and gender inequalities represents a crucial step to reducing heat-related deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Libonati
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Instituto Dom Luiz, Lisbon, Portugal
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Beatriz N. Garcia
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João L. Geirinhas
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Instituto Dom Luiz, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Barbara Bresani Salvi
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca - ENSP/ Fiocruz - Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente
| | - Eliane Lima e Silva
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- LMI Sentinela, International Joint Laboratory “Sentinela” (Fiocruz, UnB, IRD), Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Julia A. Rodrigues
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F. Peres
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Russo
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Instituto Dom Luiz, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Renata Gracie
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde - ICICT/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helen Gurgel
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- LMI Sentinela, International Joint Laboratory “Sentinela” (Fiocruz, UnB, IRD), Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M. Trigo
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Instituto Dom Luiz, Lisbon, Portugal
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3
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Feron S, Cordero RR, Damiani A, Oyola P, Ansari T, Pedemonte JC, Wang C, Ouyang Z, Gallo V. Compound climate-pollution extremes in Santiago de Chile. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6726. [PMID: 37185945 PMCID: PMC10130055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33890-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cities in the global south face dire climate impacts. It is in socioeconomically marginalized urban communities of the global south that the effects of climate change are felt most deeply. Santiago de Chile, a major mid-latitude Andean city of 7.7 million inhabitants, is already undergoing the so-called "climate penalty" as rising temperatures worsen the effects of endemic ground-level ozone pollution. As many cities in the global south, Santiago is highly segregated along socioeconomic lines, which offers an opportunity for studying the effects of concurrent heatwaves and ozone episodes on distinct zones of affluence and deprivation. Here, we combine existing datasets of social indicators and climate-sensitive health risks with weather and air quality observations to study the response to compound heat-ozone extremes of different socioeconomic strata. Attributable to spatial variations in the ground-level ozone burden (heavier for wealthy communities), we found that the mortality response to extreme heat (and the associated further ozone pollution) is stronger in affluent dwellers, regardless of comorbidities and lack of access to health care affecting disadvantaged population. These unexpected findings underline the need of a site-specific hazard assessment and a community-based risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Feron
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile
- University of Groningen, Wirdumerdijk 34, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Raúl R Cordero
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alessandro Damiani
- Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage Ward, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Pedro Oyola
- Centro Mario Molina, Antonio Bellet 292, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tabish Ansari
- Research Institute for Sustainability - Helmholtz Centre Potsdam (RIFS), Berliner Str. 130, 14467, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Juan C Pedemonte
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Chenghao Wang
- School of Meteorology & Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, 120 David L. Boren Blvd. Suite 5220, Norman, OK, 73072, USA
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Zutao Ouyang
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-2210, USA
| | - Valentina Gallo
- University of Groningen, Wirdumerdijk 34, 8911 CE, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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4
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Petrou I, Begou P, Dokas IM, Paschalidou AK. The influence of weather types over northern Greece on respiratory and cardio-vascular mortality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:355-366. [PMID: 36592210 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extreme ambient temperatures are well-known for their adverse impact on public health, in the form of increased mortality and morbidity due to respiratory and cardio-vascular diseases. However, to capture the total impact of weather on cause-specific mortality/morbidity, the synoptic atmospheric conditions over the region under study need to be taken into account. The objective of this work is to identify weather types over Thessaloniki, Greece, statistically associated with mortality from circulatory and respiratory diseases, in an attempt to holistically determine the impact of weather on cause-specific mortality in the region. For this purpose, we employed datasets from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis comprising intrinsic daily data, gridded at a resolution of 2.5°×2.5° and covering a 41-year period (1980-2020). The first set used contains data of 500 hPa and 1,000 hPa geopotential heights for the main geographical domain of the Mediterranean region (30°N-45°N, 10°Ε-35°E). The second set comprises meteorological variables (2 m temperature, specific humidity, 2 m zonal and 2 m meridional wind and total cloud cover) for a geographical domain of north Greece (40.95°Ν, 22.50°Ε-26.25°E). We applied a combination of principal components analysis (PCA) as a dimensionality reduction tool and k-means cluster analysis (CA) in order to group days with homogeneous synoptic meteorological parameters. The derived weather types were statistically correlated with respiratory and mortality data for the time-period 1999-2018. It was concluded that the most fatal conditions for public health in Thessaloniki were associated with weather types bringing low/extremely low ambient temperature over north Greece.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Petrou
- Laboratory of Meteorology, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Paraskevi Begou
- Laboratory of Meteorology, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis M Dokas
- Department of Civil Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Anastasia K Paschalidou
- Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece
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Libonati R, Geirinhas JL, Silva PS, Monteiro Dos Santos D, Rodrigues JA, Russo A, Peres LF, Narcizo L, Gomes MER, Rodrigues AP, DaCamara CC, Pereira JMC, Trigo RM. Drought-heatwave nexus in Brazil and related impacts on health and fires: A comprehensive review. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1517:44-62. [PMID: 36052446 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is drastically altering the frequency, duration, and severity of compound drought-heatwave (CDHW) episodes, which present a new challenge in environmental and socioeconomic sectors. These threats are of particular importance in low-income regions with growing populations, fragile infrastructure, and threatened ecosystems. This review synthesizes emerging progress in the understanding of CDHW patterns in Brazil while providing insights about the impacts on fire occurrence and public health. Evidence is mounting that heatwaves are becoming increasingly linked with droughts in northeastern and southeastern Brazil, the Amazonia, and the Pantanal. In those regions, recent studies have begun to build a better understanding of the physical mechanisms behind CDHW events, such as the soil moisture-atmosphere coupling, promoted by exceptional atmospheric blocking conditions. Results hint at a synergy between CDHW events and high fire activity in the country over the last decades, with the most recent example being the catastrophic 2020 fires in the Pantanal. Moreover, we show that HWs were responsible for increasing mortality and preterm births during record-breaking droughts in southeastern Brazil. This work paves the way for a more in-depth understanding on CDHW events and their impacts, which is crucial to enhance the adaptive capacity of different Brazilian sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Libonati
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João L Geirinhas
- Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia S Silva
- Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Julia A Rodrigues
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Russo
- Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Leonardo F Peres
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiza Narcizo
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Monique E R Gomes
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreza P Rodrigues
- Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos C DaCamara
- Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Miguel C Pereira
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,TERRA Associate Laboratory, Tapada da Ajuda, Portugal
| | - Ricardo M Trigo
- Departamento de Meteorologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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6
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Jahn S, Hertig E. Using Clustering, Statistical Modeling, and Climate Change Projections to Analyze Recent and Future Region-Specific Compound Ozone and Temperature Burden Over Europe. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2021GH000561. [PMID: 35541025 PMCID: PMC9012997 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High ground-level ozone concentrations and high air temperatures present two health-relevant natural hazards. The most severe health outcomes are generally associated with concurrent elevated levels of both variables, representing so-called compound ozone and temperature (o-t-) events. These o-t-events, their relationship with identified main meteorological and synoptic drivers, as well as ozone and temperature levels themselves and the linkage between both variables, vary temporally and with the location of sites. Due to the serious health burden and its spatiotemporal variations, the analysis of o-t-events across the European domain represents the focus of the current work. The main objective is to model and project present and future o-t-events, taking region-specific differences into account. Thus, a division of the European domain into six o-t-regions with homogeneous, similar ground-level ozone and temperature characteristics and patterns built the basis of the study. In order to assess region-specific main meteorological and synoptic drivers of o-t-events, statistical downscaling models were developed for selected representative stations per o-t-region. Statistical climate change projections for all central European o-t-regions were generated to assess potential frequency shifts of o-t-events until the end of the 21st century. The output of eight Earth System Models from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project considering SSP245 and SSP370 scenario assumptions was applied. By comparing midcentury (2041-2060) and late century (2081-2100) time slice differences with respect to a historical base period (1995-2014), substantial increases of the health-relevant compound o-t-events were projected across all central European regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Jahn
- Regional Climate Change and HealthInstitute of Geography and Faculty of MedicineUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Elke Hertig
- Regional Climate Change and HealthFaculty of MedicineUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
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7
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Low- and Medium-Cost Sensors for Tropospheric Ozone Monitoring—Results of an Evaluation Study in Wrocław, Poland. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents the results of a 1.5-year evaluation study of low- and medium-cost ozone sensors. The tests covered electrochemical sensors: SensoriC O3 3E 1 (City Technology) and semiconductor gas sensors: SM50 OZU (Aeroqual), SP3-61-00 (FIS) and MQ131 (Winsen). Three copies of each sensor were enclosed in a measurement box and placed near the reference analyser (MLU 400). In the case of SensoriC O3 3E 1 sensors, the R2 values for the 1-h data were above 0.90 for the first 9 months of deployment, but a performance deterioration was observed in the subsequent months (R2 ≈ 0.6), due to sensor ageing processes. High linear relationships were observed for the SM50 devices (R2 > 0.94), but some periodic data offsets were reported, making regular checking and recalibration necessary. Power-law functions were used in the case of SP3-61-00 (R2 = 0.6–0.7) and MQ131 (R2 = 0.4–0.7). Improvements in the fittings were observed for models that included temperature and relative humidity data. In the case of SP3-61-00, the R2 values increased to above 0.82, while for MQ131 they increased to above 0.86. The study also showed that the measurement uncertainty of tested sensors meets the EU Directive 2008/50/EC requirements for indicative measurements and, in some cases, even for fixed measurements.
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Olschewski P, Kaspar-Ott I, Koller S, Schenkirsch G, Trepel M, Hertig E. Associations between Weather, Air Quality and Moderate Extreme Cancer-Related Mortality Events in Augsburg, Southern Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182211737. [PMID: 34831496 PMCID: PMC8617977 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
While many authors have described the adverse health effects of poor air quality and meteorological extremes, there remain inconsistencies on a regional scale as well as uncertainty about the single and joint effects of atmospheric predictors. In this context, we investigated the short-term impacts of weather and air quality on moderate extreme cancer-related mortality events for the urban area of Augsburg, Southern Germany, during the period 2000–2017. First, single effects were uncovered by applying a case-crossover routine. The overall impact was assessed by performing a Mann–Whitney U testing scheme. We then compared the results of this procedure to extreme noncancer-related mortality events. In a second step, we found periods with contemporaneous significant predictors and carried out an in-depth analysis of these joint-effect periods. We were interested in the atmospheric processes leading to the emergence of significant conditions. Hence, we applied the Principal Component Analysis to large-scale synoptic conditions during these periods. The results demonstrate a strong linkage between high-mortality events in cancer patients and significantly above-average levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5) during the late winter through spring period. These were mainly linked to northerly to easterly weak airflow under stable, high-pressure conditions. Especially in winter and spring, this can result in low temperatures and a ground-level increase and the accumulation of air pollution from heating and traffic as well as eastern lateral advection of polluted air. Additionally, above-average temperatures were shown to occur on the days before mortality events from mid-summer through fall, which was also caused by high-pressure conditions with weak wind flow and intense solar radiation. Our approach can be used to analyse medical data with epidemiological as well as climatological methods while providing a more vivid representation of the underlying atmospheric processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Olschewski
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany; (I.K.-O.); (S.K.); (M.T.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Irena Kaspar-Ott
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany; (I.K.-O.); (S.K.); (M.T.); (E.H.)
| | - Stephanie Koller
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany; (I.K.-O.); (S.K.); (M.T.); (E.H.)
| | - Gerhard Schenkirsch
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Augsburg University Medical Center, 86156 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Martin Trepel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany; (I.K.-O.); (S.K.); (M.T.); (E.H.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Augsburg University Medical Center, 86156 Augsburg, Germany;
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Augsburg University Medical Center, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Elke Hertig
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany; (I.K.-O.); (S.K.); (M.T.); (E.H.)
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Andreev VV, Arshinov MY, Belan BD, Belan SB, Davydov DK, Demin VI, Elansky NF, Zhamsueva GS, Zayakhanov AS, Ivlev GA, Kozlov AV, Kotel’nikov SN, Kuznetsova IN, Lapchenko VA, Lezina EA, Postylyakov OV, Savkin DE, Senik IA, Stepanov EV, Tolmachev GN, Fofonov AV, Chelibanov IV, Chelibanov VP, Shirotov VV, Shukurov KA. Surface Ozone Concentration in Russia in the Second Half of 2020. ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC OPTICS 2021; 34:347-356. [PMCID: PMC8410021 DOI: 10.1134/s1024856021040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
We present information on ozone concentration in the surface air layer in the second half of 2020. Data were obtained at 13 stations located in different regions of Russia. We estimated the excess over hygienic standards of the Russian Federation, both in the second half of the year and throughout 2020. It is shown that the daily average maximum permissible concentration of ozone is regularly exceeded at all stations. There are cases of exceeding the one-time maximum permissible concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Andreev
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Yu. Arshinov
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - B. D. Belan
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - S. B. Belan
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - D. K. Davydov
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - V. I. Demin
- Polar Geophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 184209 Apatity, Russia
| | - N. F. Elansky
- Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
| | - G. S. Zhamsueva
- Institute of Physical Material Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russia
| | - A. S. Zayakhanov
- Institute of Physical Material Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russia
| | - G. A. Ivlev
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - A. V. Kozlov
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - S. N. Kotel’nikov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - V. A. Lapchenko
- Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station – Nature Reserve of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences, 298188 Feodosia, Russia
| | - E. A. Lezina
- State Nature Organization Mosecomonitoring, 119019 Moscow, Russia
| | - O. V. Postylyakov
- Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
| | - D. E. Savkin
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - I. A. Senik
- Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
| | - E. V. Stepanov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - G. N. Tolmachev
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - A. V. Fofonov
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - I. V. Chelibanov
- Instrument-Making Enterprise OPTEC, 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V. P. Chelibanov
- Instrument-Making Enterprise OPTEC, 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V. V. Shirotov
- Typhoon Scientific and Production Association, 249038 Obninsk, Kaluga oblast Russia
| | - K. A. Shukurov
- Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017 Moscow, Russia
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