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Wu L, Shen Y, Che F, Zhang Y, Gao J, Wang C. Evaluating the performance and influencing factors of three portable black carbon monitors for field measurement. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 139:320-333. [PMID: 38105058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) is associated with adverse human health and climate change. Mapping BC spatial distribution imperatively requires low-cost and portable devices. Several portable BC monitors are commercially available, but their accuracy and reliability are not always satisfactory during continuous field observation. This study evaluated three models of portable black carbon monitors, C12, MA350 and DST, and investigates the factors that affect their performance. The monitors were tested in urban Beijing, where portable devices running for one month alongside a regular-size reference aethalometer AE33. The study considers several factors that could influence the monitors' performance, including ambient weather, aerosol composition, loading artifacts, and built-in algorithms. The results show that MA350 and DST present considerable discrepancies to the reference instrument, mainly occurring at lower concentrations (0-500 ng/m3) and higher concentrations (2500-8000 ng/m3), respectively. These discrepancies were likely caused by the anomalous noise of MA350 and the loading artifacts of DST. The study also suggests that the ambient environment has limited influence on the monitors' performance, but loading artifacts and accompanying compensation algorithms can result in unrealistic data. Based on the evaluation, the study suggests that C12 is the best choice for unsupervised field measurement, DST should be used in scenarios where frequent maintenance is available, and MA350 is suitable for research purposes with post-processing applicable. The study highlights the importance of assigning portable BC monitors to appropriate applications and the need for optimized real-time compensation algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yicheng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Fei Che
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Chong Wang
- Jinan Ecological Environmental Protection Grid-Based Supervision Center, Jinan 250013, China
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2
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Rogulski M, Badyda A, Gayer A, Reis J. Improving the Quality of Measurements Made by Alphasense NO 2 Non-Reference Sensors Using the Mathematical Methods. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22103619. [PMID: 35632025 PMCID: PMC9144097 DOI: 10.3390/s22103619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Conventional NO2 monitoring devices are relatively cumbersome, expensive, and have a relatively high-power consumption that limits their use to fixed sites. On the other hand, they offer high-quality measurements. In contrast, the low-cost NO2 sensors offer greater flexibility, are smaller, and allow greater coverage of the area with the measuring devices. However, their disadvantage is much lower accuracy. The main goal of this study was to investigate the measurement data quality of NO2-B43F Alphasense sensors. The measurement performance analysis of Alphasense NO2-B43F sensors was conducted in two research areas in Poland. Sensors were placed near fixed, professional air quality monitoring stations, carrying out measurements based on reference methods, in the following periods: July-November, and December-May. Results of the study show that without using sophisticated correction methods, the range of measured air pollution concentrations may be greater than their actual values in ambient air-measured in the field by fixed stations. In the case of summer months (with air temperature over 30 °C), the long-term mean absolute percentage error was over 150% and the sensors, using the methods recommended by the manufacturer, in the case of high temperatures could even show negative values. After applying the mathematical correction functions proposed in this article, it was possible to significantly reduce long-term errors (to 40-70% per month, regardless of the location of the measurements) and eliminate negative measurement values. The proposed method is based on the recalculation of the raw measurement, air temperature, and air RH and does not require the use of extensive analytical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Rogulski
- Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Artur Badyda
- Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Gayer
- Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 20, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Johnny Reis
- CESAM—Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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3
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Chen M, Yuan W, Cao C, Buehler C, Gentner DR, Lee X. Development and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Cost Portable PM 2.5 Monitor for Mobile Deployment. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:2767. [PMID: 35408382 PMCID: PMC9003072 DOI: 10.3390/s22072767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to vary spatially across a city landscape. Current networks of regulatory air quality monitoring are too sparse to capture these intra-city variations. In this study, we developed a low-cost (60 USD) portable PM2.5 monitor called Smart-P, for use on bicycles, with the goal of mapping street-level variations in PM2.5 concentration. The Smart-P is compact in size (85 × 85 × 42 mm) and light in weight (147 g). Data communication and geolocation are achieved with the cyclist’s smartphone with the help of a user-friendly app. Good agreement was observed between the Smart-P monitors and a regulatory-grade monitor (mean bias error: −3.0 to 1.5 μg m−3 for the four monitors tested) in ambient conditions with relative humidity ranging from 38 to 100%. Monitor performance decreased in humidity > 70% condition. The measurement precision, represented as coefficient of variation, was 6 to 9% in stationary mode and 6% in biking mode across the four tested monitors. Street tests in a city with low background PM2.5 concentrations (8 to 9 μg m−3) and in two cities with high background concentrations (41 to 74 μg m−3) showed that the Smart-P was capable of observing local emission hotspots and that its measurement was not sensitive to bicycle speed. The low-cost and user-friendly nature are two features that make the Smart-P a good choice for empowering citizen scientists to participate in local air quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Chen
- Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agriculture Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Weichang Yuan
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Chang Cao
- Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agriculture Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Colby Buehler
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Solutions for Energy, Air, Climate and Health (SEARCH), School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Drew R Gentner
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Solutions for Energy, Air, Climate and Health (SEARCH), School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Xuhui Lee
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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4
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Kumar P, Hama S, Abbass RA, Nogueira T, Brand VS, Wu HW, Abulude FO, Adelodun AA, Anand P, Andrade MDF, Apondo W, Asfaw A, Aziz KH, Cao SJ, El-Gendy A, Indu G, Kehbila AG, Ketzel M, Khare M, Kota SH, Mamo T, Manyozo S, Martinez J, McNabola A, Morawska L, Mustafa F, Muula AS, Nahian S, Nardocci AC, Nelson W, Ngowi AV, Njoroge G, Olaya Y, Omer K, Osano P, Sarkar Pavel MR, Salam A, Santos ELC, Sitati C, Shiva Nagendra SM. In-kitchen aerosol exposure in twelve cities across the globe. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 162:107155. [PMID: 35278800 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Poor ventilation and polluting cooking fuels in low-income homes cause high exposure, yet relevant global studies are limited. We assessed exposure to in-kitchen particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) employing similar instrumentation in 60 low-income homes across 12 cities: Dhaka (Bangladesh); Chennai (India); Nanjing (China); Medellín (Colombia); São Paulo (Brazil); Cairo (Egypt); Sulaymaniyah (Iraq); Addis Ababa (Ethiopia); Akure (Nigeria); Blantyre (Malawi); Dar-es-Salaam (Tanzania) and Nairobi (Kenya). Exposure profiles of kitchen occupants showed that fuel, kitchen volume, cooking type and ventilation were the most prominent factors affecting in-kitchen exposure. Different cuisines resulted in varying cooking durations and disproportional exposures. Occupants in Dhaka, Nanjing, Dar-es-Salaam and Nairobi spent > 40% of their cooking time frying (the highest particle emitting cooking activity) compared with ∼ 68% of time spent boiling/stewing in Cairo, Sulaymaniyah and Akure. The highest average PM2.5 (PM10) concentrations were in Dhaka 185 ± 48 (220 ± 58) μg m-3 owing to small kitchen volume, extensive frying and prolonged cooking compared with the lowest in Medellín 10 ± 3 (14 ± 2) μg m-3. Dual ventilation (mechanical and natural) in Chennai, Cairo and Sulaymaniyah reduced average in-kitchen PM2.5 and PM10 by 2.3- and 1.8-times compared with natural ventilation (open doors) in Addis Ababa, Dar-es-Salam and Nairobi. Using charcoal during cooking (Addis Ababa, Blantyre and Nairobi) increased PM2.5 levels by 1.3- and 3.1-times compared with using natural gas (Nanjing, Medellin and Cairo) and LPG (Chennai, Sao Paulo and Sulaymaniyah), respectively. Smaller-volume kitchens (<15 m3; Dhaka and Nanjing) increased cooking exposure compared with their larger-volume counterparts (Medellin, Cairo and Sulaymaniyah). Potential exposure doses were highest for Asian, followed by African, Middle-eastern and South American homes. We recommend increased cooking exhaust extraction, cleaner fuels, awareness on improved cooking practices and minimising passive occupancy in kitchens to mitigate harmful cooking emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sarkawt Hama
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Rana Alaa Abbass
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Thiago Nogueira
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas - Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas - IAG, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Veronika S Brand
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas - Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas - IAG, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Huai-Wen Wu
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Adedeji A Adelodun
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, The Federal University of Technology Akure, 340001, Nigeria
| | - Partibha Anand
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Maria de Fatima Andrade
- Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas - Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas - IAG, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Araya Asfaw
- Physics Department, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Kosar Hama Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Shi-Jie Cao
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ahmed El-Gendy
- Department of Construction Engineering, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Gopika Indu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Matthias Ketzel
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mukesh Khare
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Sri Harsha Kota
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Tesfaye Mamo
- Physics Department, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Aonghus McNabola
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lidia Morawska
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, United Kingdom; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fryad Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Samiha Nahian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - William Nelson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania
| | - Aiwerasia V Ngowi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania
| | | | - Yris Olaya
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia
| | - Khalid Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Md Riad Sarkar Pavel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdus Salam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Erik Luan Costa Santos
- Department of Environmental Health - School of Public Health - University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - S M Shiva Nagendra
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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5
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Mabonga F, Beattie TK, Luwe K, Morse T, Hope C, Beverland IJ. Exposure to Air Pollution in Rural Malawi: Impact of Cooking Methods on Blood Pressure and Peak Expiratory Flow. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7680. [PMID: 34300131 PMCID: PMC8307024 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We made static and personal PM2.5 measurements with a miniature monitor (RTI MicroPEM) to characterise the exposure of women cooking with wood and charcoal in indoor and outdoor locations in rural Malawi, together with measurements of blood pressure and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Mean PM2.5 concentrations of 1338 and 31 µg/m3 were observed 1 m from cookstove locations during cooking with wood and charcoal, respectively. Similarly, mean personal PM2.5 exposures of 706 and 94 µg/m3 were observed during cooking with wood and charcoal, respectively. Personal exposures to PM2.5 in indoor locations were 3.3 and 1.7 times greater than exposures observed in equivalent outdoor locations for wood and charcoal, respectively. Prior to the measured exposure, six out of eight participants had PEFR observations below 80% of their expected (age and height) standardised PEFR. We observed reductions in PEFR for participants cooking with wood in indoor locations. Five out of eight participants reported breathing difficulties, coughing, and eye irritation when cooking with wood but reported that symptoms were less severe when cooking with charcoal. In conclusion, we observed that exposure to PM2.5 was substantially reduced by cooking outdoor with charcoal. As both wood and charcoal fuels are associated with negative environmental and health impacts, the adoption of high-efficiency cookstoves and less polluting sources of energy will be highly beneficial. Cooking outside whenever possible, and minimising the time spent in close proximity to stoves, may be simple interventions that could reduce the risks of exacerbation and progression of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Malawi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Mabonga
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK; (F.M.); (T.K.B.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
| | - Tara K. Beattie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK; (F.M.); (T.K.B.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
| | - Kondwani Luwe
- Centre for Water, Sanitation, Health and Appropriate Technology Development (WASHTED), University of Malawi (Polytechnic), Blantyre 34310, Malawi;
| | - Tracy Morse
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK; (F.M.); (T.K.B.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
- Centre for Water, Sanitation, Health and Appropriate Technology Development (WASHTED), University of Malawi (Polytechnic), Blantyre 34310, Malawi;
| | - Caitlin Hope
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK; (F.M.); (T.K.B.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
| | - Iain J. Beverland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK; (F.M.); (T.K.B.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
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6
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Lin C, Hu D, Jia X, Chen J, Deng F, Guo X, Heal MR, Cowie H, Wilkinson P, Miller MR, Loh M. The relationship between personal exposure and ambient PM 2.5 and black carbon in Beijing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:139801. [PMID: 32783824 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study is part of the "Air Polluion Impacts on Cardiopulmonary disease in Beijing: an integrated study of Exposure Science, Toxicologenomics & Environmental Epidemiology (APIC-ESTEE)" project under the UK-China joint research programme "Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity (APHH-China)". The aim is to capture the spatio-temporal variability in people's exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) air pollution in Beijing, China. A total of 120 students were recruited for a panel study from ten universities in Haidian District in northwestern Beijing from December 2017 to June 2018. Real-time personal concentrations of PM2.5 and BC were measured over a 24-h period with two research-grade portable personal exposure monitors. Personal microenvironments (MEs) were determined by applying an algorithm to the handheld GPS unit data. On average, the participants spent the most time indoors (79% in Residence and 16% in Workplace), and much less time travelling by Walking, Cycling, Bus and Metro. Similar patterns were observed across participant gender and body-mass index classifications. The participants were exposed to 33.8 ± 27.8 μg m-3 PM2.5 and to 1.9 ± 1.2 μg m-3 BC over the 24-h monitoring period, on average 24.3 μg m-3 (42%) and 0.8 μg m-3 (28%) lower, respectively, than the concurrent fixed-site ambient measurements. Relative differences between personal and ambient BC concentrations showed greater variability across the MEs, highlighting significant contributions from Dining and travelling by Bus, which involve potential combustion of fuels. This study demonstrates the potential value of personal exposure monitoring in investigating air pollution related health effects, and in evaluating the effectiveness of pollution control and intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Lin
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK; School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Dayu Hu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Jia
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mathew R Heal
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Hilary Cowie
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK
| | - Paul Wilkinson
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Mark R Miller
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Miranda Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK.
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7
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Xiang J, Austin E, Gould T, Larson T, Yost M, Shirai J, Liu Y, Yun S, Seto E. Using Vehicles' Rendezvous for In Situ Calibration of Instruments in Fleet Vehicle-Based Air Pollution Mobile Monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4286-4294. [PMID: 32150678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the feasibility of the in situ calibration of instruments for fleet vehicle-based mobile monitoring of ultrafine particles (UFPs) and black carbon (BC) by comparing rendezvous vehicle measurements. Two vehicles with identical makes and models of UFP and BC monitors as well as GPS receivers were sampled within 140 m of each other for 2 h in total during winter in Seattle, Washington. To identify an optimal intervehicle distance for rendezvous calibration, 6 different buffers within 0-140 m for UFP monitors and 5 different buffers within 0-90 m for BC monitors were chosen, and the results of calibration were compared against a reference scenario, which consisted of mobile colocation measurements with both sets of the UFP and BC monitors deployed in one of the vehicles. Results indicate that the optimal distances for rendezvous calibration are 10-80 m for UFP monitors and 0-30 m for BC monitors. In comparison with the mobile colocation calibration, the rendezvous calibration shows a normalized root mean squared deviation of 6-14% and a normalized mean absolute deviation of 4-8% for these monitors. Criteria for applying a rendezvous calibration approach are presented, and an extension of this approach to an instrumented fleet of mobile monitoring vehicles is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbang Xiang
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Elena Austin
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Timothy Gould
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Timothy Larson
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Michael Yost
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jeffry Shirai
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yisi Liu
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Sukyong Yun
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Edmund Seto
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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8
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Languille B, Gros V, Bonnaire N, Pommier C, Honoré C, Debert C, Gauvin L, Srairi S, Annesi-Maesano I, Chaix B, Zeitouni K. A methodology for the characterization of portable sensors for air quality measure with the goal of deployment in citizen science. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:134698. [PMID: 31791756 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The field of small air quality sensors is of growing interest within the scientific community, especially because this new technology is liable to improve air pollutant monitoring as well as be used for personal exposure quantification. Amongst the myriad existing devices, the performances are highly variable; this is why the sensors must be rigorously assessed before deployment, according to the intended use. This study is included in the Polluscope project; its purpose is to quantify personal exposure to air pollutants by using portable sensors. This paper designs and applies a methodology for the evaluation of portable air quality sensors to eight devices measuring PM, BC, NO2 and O3. The dedicated testing protocol includes static ambient air measurements compared with reference instruments, controlled chamber and mobility tests, as well as reproducibility evaluation. Three sensors (AE51, Cairclip and Canarin) were retained to be used for the field campaigns. The reliability of their performances were robustly quantified by using several metrics. These three devices (for a total of 36 units) were deployed to be worn by volunteers for a week. The results show the ability of sensors to discriminate between different environments (i.e., cooking, commuting or in an office). This work demonstrates, first, the ability of the three selected sensors to deliver data reliable enough to enable personal exposure estimations, and second, the robustness of this testing methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Languille
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, IPSL, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Valérie Gros
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, IPSL, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Bonnaire
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, IPSL, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Clément Pommier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, IPSL, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- EPAR, IPLESP, INSERM et Sorbonne Université, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, Paris, France
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Badura M, Batog P, Drzeniecka-Osiadacz A, Modzel P. Regression methods in the calibration of low-cost sensors for ambient particulate matter measurements. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Cox J, Cho SH, Ryan P, Isiugo K, Ross J, Chillrud S, Zhu Z, Jandarov R, Grinshpun SA, Reponen T. Combining sensor-based measurement and modeling of PM 2.5 and black carbon in assessing exposure to indoor aerosols. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR AEROSOL RESEARCH 2019; 53:817-829. [PMID: 34334878 PMCID: PMC8320379 DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2019.1608353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate, cost-effective methods are needed for rapid assessment of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP). Typically, real-time data of particulate matter (PM) from portable sensors have been adjusted using data from reference methods such as gravimetric measurement to improve accuracy. The objective of this study was to create a correction factor or linear regression model for the real-time measurements of the RTI's Micro Personal Exposure Monitor (MicroPEM™) and AethLab's microAeth® black carbon (AE51) sensor to generate accurate real-time data for PM2.5 (PM2.5RT) and black carbon (BCRT) in Cincinnati metropolitan homes. The two sensors and an SKC PM2.5 Personal Modular impactor were collocated in 44 indoor sampling events for 2 days in residences near major roadways. The reference filter-based analyses conducted by a laboratory included particle mass (SKC PM2.5 and MicroPEM™ PM2.5) and black carbon (SKC BC); these methods are more accurate than real-time sensors but are also more cumbersome and costly. For PM2.5, the average correction factor, a ratio of gravimetric to real-time, for the MicroPEM™ PM2.5 and SKC PM2.5 utilizing the PM2.5RT and was 0.94 and 0.83, respectively, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 84% and 52%, respectively; the corresponding linear regression model had a CV of 54% and 25%. For BC, the average correction factor utilizing the BCRT and SKC BC was 0.74 with a CV of 36% with the associated linear regression model producing a CV of 56%. The results from this study will help ensure that the real-time exposure monitors are capable of detecting an estimated PM2.5 after an appropriate statistical model is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Cox
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Seung-Hyun Cho
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Patrick Ryan
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kelechi Isiugo
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH
| | - James Ross
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY
| | - Steven Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Roman Jandarov
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sergey A Grinshpun
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH
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Land-Use Regression Modelling of Intra-Urban Air Pollution Variation in China: Current Status and Future Needs. ATMOSPHERE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos9040134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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