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Kopaeva MY, Cherepov AB, Zaraiskaya IY. Lactoferrin Has a Protective Effect on Mouse Brain Cells after Acute Gamma Irradiation of the Head. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 176:246-252. [PMID: 38194066 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
We studied the effect of human lactoferrin on cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus of 2-2.5-month-old male C57BL/6 mice after acute gamma irradiation of the head in a dose of 8 Gy from a 60Co source. Immediately after irradiation some animals received an intraperitoneal injection of human lactoferrin (4 mg/mouse). The appearance of TUNEL+ cells in the subgranular zone 6 h after irradiation was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the number of Ki-67- and DCX-immunoreactive cells. Administration of lactoferrin had a protective effect on mouse brain cells, which manifested in a decrease in the number of TUNEL+ cells (by 77% relative to the irradiation alone) and an increase in the number of proliferating cells (from 16 to 61% relative to control animals) and immature neurons (from 14 to 22% relative to control animals) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yu Kopaeva
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia.
| | - A B Cherepov
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I Yu Zaraiskaya
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
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2
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Eker F, Bolat E, Pekdemir B, Duman H, Karav S. Lactoferrin: neuroprotection against Parkinson's disease and secondary molecule for potential treatment. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1204149. [PMID: 37731953 PMCID: PMC10508234 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1204149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease and is largely caused by the death of dopaminergic (DA) cells. Dopamine loss occurs in the substantia nigra pars compacta and leads to dysfunctions in motor functions. Death of DA cells can occur with oxidative stress and dysfunction of glial cells caused by Parkinson-related gene mutations. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that is usually known for its presence in milk, but recent research shows that Lf is also found in the brain regions. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a known mitochondrial toxin that disturbs the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) system and increases the rate of reactive oxygen species. Lf's high affinity for metals decreases the required iron for the Fenton reaction, reduces the oxidative damage to DA cells caused by MPTP, and increases their surveillance rate. Several studies also investigated Lf's effect on neurons that are treated with MPTP. The results pointed out that Lf's protective effect can also be observed without the presence of oxidative stress; thus, several potential mechanisms are currently being researched, starting with a potential HSPG-Lf interaction in the cellular membrane of DA cells. The presence of Lf activity in the brain region also showed that lactoferrin initiates receptor-mediated transcytosis in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) with the existence of lactoferrin receptors in the endothelial cells. The existence of Lf receptors both in endothelial cells and DA cells created the idea of using Lf as a secondary molecule in the transport of therapeutic agents across the BBB, especially in nanoparticle development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Türkiye
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3
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Essam RM, Saadawy MA, Gamal M, Abdelsalam RM, El-Sahar AE. Lactoferrin averts neurological and behavioral impairments of thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats via modulating HGMB1/TLR-4/MyD88/Nrf2 pathway. Neuropharmacology 2023; 236:109575. [PMID: 37201650 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a life-threatening disease caused by acute or chronic liver failure manifested by aberrant CNS changes. In the present study, we aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of lactoferrin (LF) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced HE in rats. Animals were divided into four groups, control, LF control, TAA-induced HE, and LF treatment, where LF was administered (300 mg/kg, p.o.) for 15 days in groups 2 and 4 meanwhile, TAA (200 mg/kg, i.p.) was given as two injections on days 13 and 15 for the 3rd and 4th groups. Pretreatment with LF significantly improved liver function observed as a marked decline in serum AST, ALT, and ammonia, together with lowering brain ammonia and enhancing motor coordination as well as cognitive performance. Restoration of brain oxidative status was also noted in the LF-treated group, where lipid peroxidation was hampered, and antioxidant parameters, Nrf2, HO-1, and GSH, were increased. Additionally, LF downregulated HMGB1, TLR-4, MyD88, and NF-κB signaling pathways, together with reducing inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, and enhancing brain BDNF levels. Moreover, the histopathology of brain and liver tissues revealed that LF alleviated TAA-induced liver and brain deficits. In conclusion, the promising results of LF in attenuating HMGB1/TLR-4/MyD88 signaling highlight its neuroprotective role against HE associated with acute liver injury via ameliorating neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and stimulating neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M Essam
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mariam A Saadawy
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahitab Gamal
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman E El-Sahar
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Kopaeva MY, Azieva AM, Cherepov AB, Zarayskaya IY. Lactoferrin Modulates Induction of Transcription Factor c-Fos in Neuronal Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098373. [PMID: 37176079 PMCID: PMC10179438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a multifunctional protein from the transferrin family. Of particular interest is the ability of Lf to affect a wide range of neuronal processes by modulating the expression of genes involved in long-term neuroplasticity. The expression of the immediate early gene c-fos that is rapidly activated in response to external influences, and its product, transcription factor c-Fos, is widely used as a marker of long-term neuronal plasticity. The present study aims to examine the effect of human Lf on the induction of transcription factor c-Fos in the primary mouse neuronal cultures after stimulation and to determine the cellular localization of human Lf and its colocalization with induced c-Fos protein. Primary dissociated cultures of hippocampal cells were obtained from the brains of newborn C57BL/6 mice (P0-P1). On day 7 of culturing, human Lf was added to the medium. After 24 h (day 8 in culture), c-Fos protein was induced in cells by triple application of 50 mM KCl. c-Fos content was analyzed using the immunofluorescent method 2 h after stimulation. Stimulation promoted exogenous Lf translocation into the nuclei of cultured neuronal cells, which correlated with increased induction of transcription factor c-Fos and was accompanied by nuclear colocalization of these proteins. These results attest to the potential of Lf as a modulator of neuronal processes and open up new prospects in studying the mechanisms of the regulatory effects of lactoferrin on cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Yu Kopaeva
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Asya M Azieva
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton B Cherepov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Yu Zarayskaya
- Research Institute of Normal Physiology Named after P.K. Anokhin, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
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Gonzalez-Alcocer A, Duarte-Jurado AP, Soto-Dominguez A, Loera-Arias MDJ, Villarreal-Silva EE, Saucedo-Cardenas O, de Oca-Luna RM, Garcia-Garcia A, Rodriguez-Rocha H. Unscrambling the Role of Redox-Active Biometals in Dopaminergic Neuronal Death and Promising Metal Chelation-Based Therapy for Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1256. [PMID: 36674772 PMCID: PMC9867532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biometals are all metal ions that are essential for all living organisms. About 40% of all enzymes with known structures require biometals to function correctly. The main target of damage by biometals is the central nervous system (CNS). Biometal dysregulation (metal deficiency or overload) is related to pathological processes. Chronic occupational and environmental exposure to biometals, including iron and copper, is related to an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). Indeed, biometals have been shown to induce a dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra. Although the etiology of PD is still unknown, oxidative stress dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of both the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are related to dopaminergic neuronal death. Herein, we addressed the involvement of redox-active biometals, iron, and copper, as oxidative stress and neuronal death inducers, as well as the current metal chelation-based therapy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Gonzalez-Alcocer
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Ana Patricia Duarte-Jurado
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Soto-Dominguez
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Maria de Jesus Loera-Arias
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Eliud Enrique Villarreal-Silva
- Servicio de Neurocirugía y Terapia Endovascular Neurológica, Hospital Universitario, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Odila Saucedo-Cardenas
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Aracely Garcia-Garcia
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
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Ren Y, Ye D, Ding Y, Wei N. Ginsenoside Rk1 prevents 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease via activating silence information regulator 3-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231220610. [PMID: 38105596 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231220610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Ginsenoside Rk1, a novel ginsenoside isolated from red ginseng, has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. This study was designed to elucidate the role of RK1 in an in vitro 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) cell model and an in vivo 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods: The grasping test, pole-climbing test, and rotarod test were performed to measure the effects of RK1 on MPTP-induced motor disorders. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and IBA-1 were evaluated by western blotting. CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays were utilized to assess cell viability and apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected to analyze the effects of RK1 on oxidative stress. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: The results showed that RK1 allayed motor deficit elicited by MPTP in a mouse model. RK1 administration augmented tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the brain striatum and substantia nigra (SN) of MPTP-treated mice. Moreover, RK1 pretreatment promoted viability and suppressed apoptosis in MPP+-induced PC-12 cells. Further, RK1 also attenuated MPP+-stimulated oxidative stress and inflammatory response in PC-12 cells. Besides, RK1 augmented the level of SIRT3, and SIRT3 deletion counteracted RK1-induced repression on MPP+-elicited apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in PC-12 cells via modulating the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway.Conclusions: RK1 might exert neuroprotective effects against MPP+/MPTP-induced neurotoxicity via activating SIRT3-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. RK1 might be a promising candidate against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yiping Ding
- Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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New Properties of a Well-Known Antioxidant: Pleiotropic Effects of Human Lactoferrin in Mice Exposed to Gamma Irradiation in a Sublethal Dose. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091833. [PMID: 36139907 PMCID: PMC9495689 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the effects of human lactoferrin (hLf), a multifunctional protein from the transferrin family, on integral (survival, lifespan during the experiment, body weight, behavior, subfractional compositions of blood serum) and systemic (hemoglobin level, leukocyte number, differential leukocyte count, histological structure of the liver and spleen) parameters of the body in mice after acute gamma irradiation in a sublethal dose. The experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice. The mice in the experimental groups were exposed to whole-body gamma radiation in a dose of 7.5 Gy from a 60Co source. Immediately after irradiation and 24 h after it, some animals received an intraperitoneal injection of hLf (4 mg/mouse). Single or repeated administration of hLf had a positive pleiotropic effect on irradiated animals: animal survival increased from 28% to 78%, and the mean life expectancy during the experiment (30 days) increased from 16 to 26 days. A compensatory effect of hLf on radiation-induced body weight loss, changes in homeostasis parameters, and a protective effect on the structural organization of the spleen were demonstrated. These data indicate that Lf has potential as a means of early therapy after radiation exposure.
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Yu Z, Qin G, Ge Z, Li W. Beneficial effect of transient desflurane inhalation on relieving inflammation and reducing signaling induced by MPTP in mice. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221115388. [PMID: 35915871 PMCID: PMC9350528 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221115388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine if the beneficial effects of transient desflurane application
mitigates inflammation and decrease associated signaling induced by
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in mice. Methods Mice were induced to develop Parkinson’s disease (PD) by intraperitoneal
injection with MPTP for 20 consecutive days, and validated mice were
randomly allocated to four groups. Collected samples from euthanized mice
were designated for the following analyses: 1) immunohistochemical staining
for positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum, 2)
immunofluorescence staining for ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1
(Iba1) and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and 3) western blotting for
p38, p-p38, toll-like receptor 4, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Results The inhalation of desflurane for 1 hour ameliorated locomotory dysfunctions
of PD mice by recovering the loss of Iba1- and GFAP-positive dopaminergic
neurons, deactivating microglial cells and astrocytes, and decreasing the
amounts of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α). Conclusions These findings suggest that transient desflurane inhalation may provide some
benefits for PD through ameliorating inflammation and enhancing locomotor
activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Ge
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Weiyan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Tian Y, Tian Y, Yuan Z, Zeng Y, Wang S, Fan X, Yang D, Yang M. Iron Metabolism in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3612. [PMID: 35408967 PMCID: PMC8998315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is a trace metal element necessary to maintain life and is also involved in a variety of biological processes. Aging refers to the natural life process in which the physiological functions of the various systems, organs, and tissues decline, affected by genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the relationship between iron metabolism and aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. During aging, the accumulation of nonheme iron destroys the stability of the intracellular environment. The destruction of iron homeostasis can induce cell damage by producing hydroxyl free radicals, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, brain aging, and even organismal aging. In this review, we have briefly summarized the role of the metabolic process of iron in the body, then discussed recent developments of iron metabolism in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, and finally, explored some iron chelators as treatment strategies for those disorders. Understanding the roles of iron metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases will fill the knowledge gap in the field. This review could provide new insights into the research on iron metabolism and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Yuanliangzi Tian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Zhixiao Yuan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Yutian Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.T.); (Y.T.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Z.); (S.W.); (X.F.); (D.Y.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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10
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Valido E, Bertolo A, Fränkl GP, Itodo OA, Pinheiro T, Pannek J, Kopp-Heim D, Glisic M, Stoyanov J. Systematic review of the changes in the microbiome following spinal cord injury: animal and human evidence. Spinal Cord 2022; 60:288-300. [PMID: 34992210 PMCID: PMC8989678 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-021-00737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Study design Systematic review. Objectives To investigate the changes in the microbiome among human and animal populations with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Four databases (EMBASE, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Trials (CENTRAL)) and Google Scholar were searched. No language restrictions were applied. Data extraction was done in parallel and independently by two reviewers. The search was last conducted on 07 April 2021. Results There were 6869 studies retrieved, 43 full-text studies reviewed, and 19 studies included. There were seven animal gut studies, six human gut studies, and six urinary tract studies identified. There were no publications found on other body sites. Among the included studies, we observed a consistent and significant difference in gut microbiome composition between populations with SCI and able-bodied populations. This is characterized by a decrease in beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria (Faecalbacterium, Megamonas, Roseburia) and an increase in inflammation-associated bacteria (Alistipes, Anaerotruncus, and Lachnoclostridium). On the other hand, the urine of individuals with SCI was polymicrobial and members of Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) were frequently observed. Probiotics were shown to induce a significant but transient shift in the urinary tract microbiome. The studies had low to moderate risks of bias. Conclusions There are limited studies on the changes in microbiome among SCI populations. The gut microbiome was characterized by bacterial profiles associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic disorder while the studies of the urinary tract microbiome show the dominance of bacterial genera associated with urinary tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Valido
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland. .,Department of Health Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
| | - Alessandro Bertolo
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Bern, Bern Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gion Philip Fränkl
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oche Adam Itodo
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tainá Pinheiro
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Pannek
- Neuro-Urology, Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Doris Kopp-Heim
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Public Health & Primary Care Library, University Library of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marija Glisic
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jivko Stoyanov
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Ryskalin L, Biagioni F, Busceti CL, Polzella M, Lenzi P, Frati A, Ferrucci M, Fornai F. Lactoferrin Protects against Methamphetamine Toxicity by Modulating Autophagy and Mitochondrial Status. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103356. [PMID: 34684361 PMCID: PMC8537867 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) was used at first as a vehicle to deliver non-soluble active compounds to the body, including the central nervous system (CNS). Nonetheless, it soon became evident that, apart from acting as a vehicle, LF itself owns active effects in the CNS. In the present study, the effects of LF are assessed both in baseline conditions, as well as to counteract methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurodegeneration by assessing cell viability, cell phenotype, mitochondrial status, and specific autophagy steps. In detail, cell integrity in baseline conditions and following METH administration was carried out by using H&E staining, Trypan blue, Fluoro Jade B, and WST-1. Western blot and immuno-fluorescence were used to assess the expression of the neurofilament marker βIII-tubulin. Mitochondria were stained using Mito Tracker Red and Green and were further detailed and quantified by using transmission electron microscopy. Autophagy markers were analyzed through immuno-fluorescence and electron microscopy. LF counteracts METH-induced degeneration. In detail, LF significantly attenuates the amount of cell loss and mitochondrial alterations produced by METH; and mitigates the dissipation of autophagy-related proteins from the autophagy compartment, which is massively induced by METH. These findings indicate a protective role of LF in the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Ryskalin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Carla L. Busceti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Maico Polzella
- Aliveda Laboratories, Viale Karol Wojtyla, 19, 56042 Crespina Lorenzana, Italy;
| | - Paola Lenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Alessandro Frati
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
- Neurosurgery Division, Human Neurosciences Department, Sapienza University, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Ferrucci
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.R.); (P.L.); (M.F.)
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (F.B.); (C.L.B.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Li YQ, Guo C. A Review on Lactoferrin and Central Nervous System Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071810. [PMID: 34359979 PMCID: PMC8307123 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are currently one of the major health issues around the world. Most CNS disorders are characterized by high oxidative stress levels and intense inflammatory responses in affected tissues. Lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein, plays a significant role in anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulator, antitumor immunity, and anti-apoptotic processes. Previous studies have shown that Lf is abnormally expressed in a variety of neurological diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, the promotion of neurodevelopment and neuroprotection by Lf has attracted widespread attention, and Lf could be exploited both as an active therapeutic agent and drug nanocarrier. However, our understanding of the roles of Lf proteins in the initiation or progression of CNS diseases is limited, especially the roles of Lf in regulating neurogenesis. This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of the major pharmacological effects of Lf in CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular disease, developmental delays in children, and brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuang Guo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-24-8365-6109
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