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Sun D, Hou D, Zheng Y, Xiang W, Huang Y, Wu H, Zou J. Multi-Omics Reveals the Effects of Spirulina platensis Powder Replacement of Fish Meal on Intestinal Metabolism and Stress in Zig-Zag Eel ( Mastacembelus armatus). Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:851. [PMID: 39061919 PMCID: PMC11273650 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The booming aquaculture industry has created a strong demand for fishmeal and increased environmental pressures. Spirulina, as a potential alternative to fishmeal, has been shown to have growth-promoting and animal health-enhancing properties. In this study, 600 large spiny loaches, divided into five experimental groups, F0, F1, F2, F3, and F4, were reared for 10 weeks using Spirulina platensis powder (SPP) as a substitute for 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of fishmeal, respectively. The results of intestinal physiological indexes showed that superoxide dismutase was lower than F0 in all treatment groups, and the activity of F3 was significantly lower than F0 (p < 0.05). The activity of malondialdehyde was significantly higher than that of F0 in all groups except F3 (p < 0.05). The addition of SPP also led to a decrease in the activity of acid phosphatase in the intestine, which was significantly lower in all treatment groups compared to the F0 group (p < 0.05). The results of serum physiology showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase in serum gradually increased with the increase in the percentage of SPP addition, and the F3 group produced a significant difference from the F0 group (p < 0.05). The transcriptomics results showed that DEGs in the low percentage substitution group (<15%) were mostly enriched in metabolism-related pathways, such as bile secretion; DEGs in the high percentage substitution group (>15%) were mostly enriched in inflammation-related pathways, such as complement p and coagulation cascades. Metabolomics confirmed that nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism were the two pathways that were significantly enriched in the treatment groups of fishmeal replacement by SPP. The present study demonstrated that a low percentage (<15%) of fishmeal replacement by SPP in feed mobilized MA digestive metabolism, whereas a high percentage (>15%) of replacement induced intestinal stress. Considering the health and farm efficiency aspects, the proportion of SPP in feed formulation for MA should be less than 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Sun
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (D.S.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Dongqiang Hou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (D.S.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yushun Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (D.S.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wenzhou Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 164, West Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510301, China;
| | - Yingshi Huang
- Faculty of Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
| | - Hualian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 164, West Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510301, China;
| | - Jixing Zou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (D.S.); (D.H.); (Y.Z.)
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Lo CH, Liu Z, Chen S, Lin F, Berneshawi AR, Yu CQ, Koo EB, Kowal TJ, Ning K, Hu Y, Wang WJ, Liao YJ, Sun Y. Primary cilia formation requires the Leigh syndrome-associated mitochondrial protein NDUFAF2. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175560. [PMID: 38949024 PMCID: PMC11213510 DOI: 10.1172/jci175560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-related neurodegenerative diseases have been implicated in the disruption of primary cilia function. Mutation in an intrinsic mitochondrial complex I component NDUFAF2 has been identified in Leigh syndrome, a severe inherited mitochondriopathy. Mutations in ARMC9, which encodes a basal body protein, cause Joubert syndrome, a ciliopathy with defects in the brain, kidney, and eye. Here, we report a mechanistic link between mitochondria metabolism and primary cilia signaling. We discovered that loss of NDUFAF2 caused both mitochondrial and ciliary defects in vitro and in vivo and identified NDUFAF2 as a binding partner for ARMC9. We also found that NDUFAF2 was both necessary and sufficient for cilia formation and that exogenous expression of NDUFAF2 rescued the ciliary and mitochondrial defects observed in cells from patients with known ARMC9 deficiency. NAD+ supplementation restored mitochondrial and ciliary dysfunction in ARMC9-deficient cells and zebrafish and ameliorated the ocular motility and motor deficits of a patient with ARMC9 deficiency. The present results provide a compelling mechanistic link, supported by evidence from human studies, between primary cilia and mitochondrial signaling. Importantly, our findings have significant implications for the development of therapeutic approaches targeting ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hui Lo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Frank Lin
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Andrew R. Berneshawi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Charles Q. Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Euna B. Koo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Tia J. Kowal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Ke Ning
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Won-Jing Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y. Joyce Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Stanford Maternal and Child Health Research Institute and
- BioX, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Wu X, Yang SA, Kan Y, Li M, Dong J, Qiu T, Gu Y, Zhao Y, Liang D. Revealing Metabolic Dysregulation Induced by Polypropylene Nano- and Microplastics in Nile Tilapia via Noninvasive Probing Epidermal Mucus. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9416-9423. [PMID: 38809415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
A noninvasive sampling technology was conceived, employing a disposable acupuncture needle in conjunction with high-resolution mass spectrometry (termed as noninvasive direct sampling extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, NIDS-EESI-MS) to scrutinize the epidermal mucus of Nile tilapia for insights into the metabolic dysregulation induced by polypropylene nano- and microplastics. This analytical method initiates with the dispensing of an extraction solvent onto the needles coated with the mucus sample, almost simultaneously applying a high voltage to generate analyte ions. This innovative strategy obliterates the necessitation for laborious sample preparation, thereby simplifying the sampling process. Employing this technique facilitated the delineation of a plethora of metabolites, encompassing, but not confined to, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, ketones, fatty acids, and their derivatives. Follow-up pathway enrichment analysis exposed notable alterations within key metabolic pathways, including the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, lysine degradation, as well as the biosynthesis and metabolism of valine, leucine, and isoleucine pathways in Nile tilapia, consequent to increased concentrations of polypropylene nanoplastics. These metabolic alterations portend potential implications such as immune suppression, among other deleterious outcomes. This trailblazing application of this methodology not only spares aquatic life from sacrifice but also inaugurates an ethical paradigm for conducting longitudinal studies on the same organisms, facilitating detailed investigations into the long-term effects of environmental pollutants. This technique enhances the ability to observe and understand the subtle yet significant impacts of such contaminants over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Sheng-Ao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Ying Kan
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Tao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yuanxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Dapeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Biţă A, Scorei IR, Ciocîlteu MV, Nicolaescu OE, Pîrvu AS, Bejenaru LE, Rău G, Bejenaru C, Radu A, Neamţu J, Mogoşanu GD, Benner SA. Nicotinamide Riboside, a Promising Vitamin B 3 Derivative for Healthy Aging and Longevity: Current Research and Perspectives. Molecules 2023; 28:6078. [PMID: 37630330 PMCID: PMC10459282 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have suggested that the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is involved in an extensive spectrum of human pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiomyopathy, obesity, and diabetes. Further, healthy aging and longevity appear to be closely related to NAD+ and its related metabolites, including nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). As a dietary supplement, NR appears to be well tolerated, having better pharmacodynamics and greater potency. Unfortunately, NR is a reactive molecule, often unstable during its manufacturing, transport, and storage. Recently, work related to prebiotic chemistry discovered that NR borate is considerably more stable than NR itself. However, immediately upon consumption, the borate dissociates from the NR borate and is lost in the body through dilution and binding to other species, notably carbohydrates such as fructose and glucose. The NR left behind is expected to behave pharmacologically in ways identical to NR itself. This review provides a comprehensive summary (through Q1 of 2023) of the literature that makes the case for the consumption of NR as a dietary supplement. It then summarizes the challenges of delivering quality NR to consumers using standard synthesis, manufacture, shipping, and storage approaches. It concludes by outlining the advantages of NR borate in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Biţă
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania; (A.B.); (L.E.B.); (G.D.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania; (M.V.C.); (G.R.); (J.N.)
| | - Ion Romulus Scorei
- Department of Biochemistry, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania; (M.V.C.); (G.R.); (J.N.)
| | - Maria Viorica Ciocîlteu
- Department of Biochemistry, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania; (M.V.C.); (G.R.); (J.N.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania
| | - Oana Elena Nicolaescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania;
| | - Andreea Silvia Pîrvu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania;
| | - Ludovic Everard Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania; (A.B.); (L.E.B.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Gabriela Rău
- Department of Biochemistry, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania; (M.V.C.); (G.R.); (J.N.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania
| | - Cornelia Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania; (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonia Radu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania; (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Johny Neamţu
- Department of Biochemistry, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania; (M.V.C.); (G.R.); (J.N.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania
| | - George Dan Mogoşanu
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Dolj County, Romania; (A.B.); (L.E.B.); (G.D.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry, BioBoron Research Institute, S.C. Natural Research S.R.L., 31B Dunării Street, 207465 Podari, Dolj County, Romania; (M.V.C.); (G.R.); (J.N.)
| | - Steven A. Benner
- Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution (FfAME), 13709 Progress Avenue, Room N112, Alachua, FL 32615, USA;
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Abbiati F, Garagnani SA, Orlandi I, Vai M. Sir2 and Glycerol Underlie the Pro-Longevity Effect of Quercetin during Yeast Chronological Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12223. [PMID: 37569599 PMCID: PMC10419316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUER) is a natural polyphenolic compound endowed with beneficial properties for human health, with anti-aging effects. However, although this flavonoid is commercially available as a nutraceutical, target molecules/pathways underlying its pro-longevity potential have yet to be fully clarified. Here, we investigated QUER activity in yeast chronological aging, the established model for simulating the aging of postmitotic quiescent mammalian cells. We found that QUER supplementation at the onset of chronological aging, namely at the diauxic shift, significantly increases chronological lifespan (CLS). Consistent with the antioxidant properties of QUER, this extension takes place in concert with a decrease in oxidative stress. In addition, QUER triggers substantial changes in carbon metabolism. Specifically, it promotes an enhancement of a pro-longevity anabolic metabolism toward gluconeogenesis due to improved catabolism of C2 by-products of yeast fermentation and glycerol. The former is attributable to the Sir2-dependent activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and the latter to the L-glycerol 3-phosphate pathway. Such a combined increased supply of gluconeogenesis leads to an increase in the reserve carbohydrate trehalose, ensuring CLS extension. Moreover, QUER supplementation to chronologically aging cells in water alone amplifies their long-lived phenotype. This is associated with intracellular glycerol catabolism and trehalose increase, further indicating a QUER-specific influence on carbon metabolism that results in CLS extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (F.A.); (S.A.G.); (I.O.)
| | - Stefano Angelo Garagnani
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (F.A.); (S.A.G.); (I.O.)
| | - Ivan Orlandi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (F.A.); (S.A.G.); (I.O.)
- SYSBIO Centre for Systems Biology, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Vai
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (F.A.); (S.A.G.); (I.O.)
- SYSBIO Centre for Systems Biology, 20126 Milano, Italy
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Wei Y, Qi M, Liu C, Li L. Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating gut microbiota. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 944:175594. [PMID: 36804541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a naturally-occurring compound derived from Astragalus membranaceus with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its beneficial effects and mechanisms on pulmonary fibrosis are unknown. Gut microbiota impact lung diseases via the gut-lung axis. Herein, we investigated APS progression to intervene in pulmonary fibrosis via the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling pathway and gut microbiota homeostasis regulation. METHODS We used bleomycin (BLM) to construct an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) mouse model and assessed the pathology with Masson, hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and Sirius red staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were employed to evaluate the inflammatory cytokine levels. Western blot evaluated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway expression. TUNEL staining to detect apoptosis. Mice feces samples were gathered for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Our findings revealed that APS ameliorated the extent of damage and collagen deposition in lung tissues, reduced inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels, and decreased apoptosis. APS might attenuate the inflammatory response through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition. Meanwhile, the IPF mice model exhibited dysregulation of gut microbiota, and these changes were restored after APS intervention. APS may increase the proportion of probiotics, decrease that of harmful bacteria, and balance the gut microbiota via regulating metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION APS ameliorated lung tissue injury in the IPF mice model, inhibited TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, suppressed inflammatory cytokines activation, and reduced apoptosis. Moreover, APS regulated the metabolism of gut microbiota besides beneficial bacteria content elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Department of Primary Healthcare, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266014, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266014, China.
| | - Lujia Li
- Department of Health Care, People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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He Z, Yang X, Tian X, Li L, Liu M. Yeast Cell Surface Engineering of a Nicotinamide Riboside Kinase for the Production of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide via Whole-Cell Catalysis. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3451-3459. [PMID: 36219824 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has been widely used as a nutraceutical for self-medication. The one-step conversion of nicotinamide riboside (NR) to β-NMN has been considered to be the most promising synthetic route for β-NMN. Here, human nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 (NRK-2) was functionally displayed on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae EBY100, forming a whole-cell biocatalyst (Whole-cell NRK-2). Whole-cell NRK-2 could convert nicotinamide riboside (NR) to β-NMN efficiently in the presence of ATP and Mg2+, with a maximal activity of 64 IU/g (dry weight) and a Km of 3.5 μM, similar to that of free NRK-2 reported previously. To get the best reaction conditions for β-NMN synthesis, the amounts of NR, ATP, and Mg2+ used, pH, and temperature for the synthetic reaction were optimized. Using Whole-cell NRK-2 as the catalyst under the optimized conditions, β-NMN synthesized from NR reached a maximal conversion rate of 98.2%, corresponding to 12.6 g/L of β-NMN in the reaction mixture, which was much higher than those of synthetic processes reported. Additionally, Whole-cell NRK-2 had good pH stability and thermostability, required no complicated treatments before or after use, and could be reused in sequential production. Therefore, this study provided a safe, stable, highly effective, and low-cost biocatalyst for the preparation of β-NMN, which has great potential in industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghui He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Lujun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
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Alfatah M, Eisenhaber F. The PICLS high-throughput screening method for agents extending cellular longevity identifies 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol as novel anti-aging compound. GeroScience 2022; 45:141-158. [PMID: 35705837 PMCID: PMC9886722 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aging is the biggest risk factor for human chronic (cancer, diabetic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative) diseases, few interventions are known besides caloric restriction and a small number of drugs (with substantial side effects) that directly address aging. Thus, there is an urgent need for new options that can generally delay aging processes and prevent age-related diseases. Cellular aging is at the basis of aging processes. Chronological lifespan (CLS) of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the well-established model system for investigating the interventions of human post-mitotic cellular aging. CLS is defined as the number of days cells remain viable in a stationary phase. We developed a new, cheap, and fast quantitative method for measuring CLS in cell cultures incubated together with various chemical agents and controls on 96-well plates. Our PICLS protocol with (1) the use of propidium iodide for fluorescent-based cell survival reading in a microplate reader and (2) total cell count measurement via OD600nm absorption from the same plate provides real high-throughput capacity. Depending on logistics, large numbers of plates can be processed in parallel so that the screening of thousands of compounds becomes feasible in a short time. The method was validated by measuring the effect of rapamycin and calorie restriction on yeast CLS. We utilized this approach for chemical agent screening. We discovered the anti-aging/geroprotective potential of 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol (2,5-AM) and suggest its usage individually or in combination with other anti-aging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alfatah
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Singapore, 138671, A*STAR, Singapore.
| | - Frank Eisenhaber
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Singapore, 138671, A*STAR, Singapore. .,Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Singapore, 138672, A*STAR, Singapore. .,School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
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9
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Odoh CK, Guo X, Arnone JT, Wang X, Zhao ZK. The role of NAD and NAD precursors on longevity and lifespan modulation in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biogerontology 2022; 23:169-199. [PMID: 35260986 PMCID: PMC8904166 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular causes of aging and longevity interventions have witnessed an upsurge in the last decade. The resurgent interests in the application of small molecules as potential geroprotectors and/or pharmacogenomics point to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its precursors, nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide, nicotinamide, and nicotinic acid as potentially intriguing molecules. Upon supplementation, these compounds have shown to ameliorate aging related conditions and possibly prevent death in model organisms. Besides being a molecule essential in all living cells, our understanding of the mechanism of NAD metabolism and its regulation remain incomplete owing to its omnipresent nature. Here we discuss recent advances and techniques in the study of chronological lifespan (CLS) and replicative lifespan (RLS) in the model unicellular organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We then follow with the mechanism and biology of NAD precursors and their roles in aging and longevity. Finally, we review potential biotechnological applications through engineering of microbial lifespan, and laid perspective on the promising candidature of alternative redox compounds for extending lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuks Kenneth Odoh
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xiaojia Guo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - James T Arnone
- Department of Biology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA
| | - Xueying Wang
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zongbao K Zhao
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China.
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10
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Kato T, Azegami J, Kano M, El Enshasy HA, Park EY. Effects of sirtuins on the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7813-7823. [PMID: 34559286 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on sirtuins, which catalyze the reaction of NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, for riboflavin production in A. gossypii. Nicotinamide, a known inhibitor of sirtuin, made the color of A. gossypii colonies appear a deeper yellow at 5 mM. A. gossypii has 4 sirtuin genes (AgHST1, AgHST2, AgHST3, AgHST4) and these were disrupted to investigate the role of sirtuins in riboflavin production in A. gossypii. AgHST1∆, AgHST3∆, and AgHST4∆ strains were obtained, but AgHST2∆ was not. The AgHST1∆ and AgHST3∆ strains produced approximately 4.3- and 2.9-fold higher amounts of riboflavin than the WT strain. The AgHST3∆ strain showed a lower human sirtuin 6 (SIRT6)-like activity than the WT strain and only in the AgHST3∆ strain was a higher amount of acetylation of histone H3 K9 and K56 (H3K9ac and H3K56ac) observed compared to the WT strain. These results indicate that AgHst3 is SIRT6-like sirtuin in A. gossypii and the activity has an influence on the riboflavin production in A. gossypii. In the presence of 5 mM hydroxyurea and 50 µM camptothecin, which causes DNA damage, especially double-strand DNA breaks, the color of the WT strain colonies turned a deeper yellow. Additionally, hydroxyurea significantly led to the production of approximately 1.5 higher amounts of riboflavin and camptothecin also enhanced the riboflavin production even through the significant difference was not detected. Camptothecin tended to increase the amount of H3K56ac, but the amount of H3K56ac was not increased by hydroxyurea treatment. This study revealed that AgHst1 and AgHst3 are involved in the riboflavin production in A. gossypii through NAD metabolism and the acetylation of H3, respectively. This new finding is a step toward clarifying the role of sirtuins in riboflavin over-production by A. gossypii.Key points• Nicotinamide enhanced the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii.• Disruption of AgHST1 or AgHST3 gene also enhanced the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii.• Acetylation of H3K56 led to the enhancement of the riboflavin production in Ashbya gossypii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kato
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan. .,Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan. .,Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Junya Azegami
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Mai Kano
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hesham A El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.,City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
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11
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Chen J, Li H, Hird SM, Chen MH, Xu W, Maas K, Cong X. Sex Differences in Gut Microbial Development of Preterm Infant Twins in Early Life: A Longitudinal Analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:671074. [PMID: 34458157 PMCID: PMC8387566 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.671074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant gut microbiota plays a vital role in immune response, mediates neurobehavioral development and health maintenance. Studies of twins’ gut microbiota found that gut microbiota composition and diversity tend to be mature and stable with increasing postnatal age (PNA). Preterm infant gut microbiome shifts dramatically when they were staying in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Compositions and shifting characteristics of gut microbiota among neonatal preterm twins and triplets during their early life are still unknown, which impedes a better understanding of the mechanism underpinning neurobehavioral development and precise intervention/health of preterm neonates. This longitudinal cohort study used a twins/triplets design to investigate the interaction of genetic (e.g., male vs. female) and environmental factors influencing the development of the gut microbiome in early life. We included 39 preterm infants, 12 were Female twins/triplets (Female T/T) including 3 twins pairs and 2 triplets, 12 were male twins (Male T) including 6 twins pairs, and 15 were mixed-sex twins/triplets (Mix T/T) including 6 twins pairs and 1 triplet (8 females and 7 males) during the first four weeks of NICU stay. Weekly gut microbiota patterns between females and males were compared by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe). Metagenomics function of gut microbiota was predicted by using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). Weekly function (KEGG pathways) differences between females and males were detected by using Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP). Results found that female pairs and male pairs were significantly different in gut microbiome diversity, compositions, and predicted metabolic profiles, importantly, females and males were also significantly dissimilar within their co-twin/triplet pairs of the mixed-sex group, infants of co-twins/triplets shared more similar features than un-related infants from different twins’ pair. Future research developing personalized interventions for vulnerable high-risk infants should consider sex, and the interaction of sex and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Hongfei Li
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Sarah M Hird
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Wanli Xu
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Kendra Maas
- Microbial Analysis, Resources, and Services (MARS), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Xiaomei Cong
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.,Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
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12
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Poltronieri P, Celetti A, Palazzo L. Mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation Enzymes and NAD + Metabolism: A Focus on Diseases and Therapeutic Perspectives. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010128. [PMID: 33440786 PMCID: PMC7827148 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mono(ADP-ribose) transferases and mono(ADP-ribosyl)ating sirtuins use NAD+ to perform the mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation, a simple form of post-translational modification of proteins and, in some cases, of nucleic acids. The availability of NAD+ is a limiting step and an essential requisite for NAD+ consuming enzymes. The synthesis and degradation of NAD+, as well as the transport of its key intermediates among cell compartments, play a vital role in the maintenance of optimal NAD+ levels, which are essential for the regulation of NAD+-utilizing enzymes. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of NAD+ metabolism, highlighting the functional liaison with mono(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes, such as the well-known ARTD10 (also named PARP10), SIRT6, and SIRT7. To this aim, we discuss the link of these enzymes with NAD+ metabolism and chronic diseases, such as cancer, degenerative disorders and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmiro Poltronieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions, National Research Council of Italy, via Monteroni 7, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (A.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Angela Celetti
- Institute for the Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council of Italy, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (A.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Luca Palazzo
- Institute for the Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council of Italy, Via Tommaso de Amicis 95, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (A.C.); (L.P.)
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