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Bonde S, Chandarana C, Prajapati P, Vashi V. A comprehensive review on recent progress in chitosan composite gels for biomedical uses. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132723. [PMID: 38825262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) composite gels have emerged as promising materials with diverse applications in biomedicine. This review provides a concise overview of recent advancements and key aspects in the development of CS composite gels. The unique properties of CS, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial activity, make it an attractive candidate for gel-based composites. Incorporating various additives, such as nanoparticles, polymers, and bioactive compounds, enhances the mechanical, thermal, and biological and other functional properties of CS gels. This review discusses the fabrication methods employed for CS composite gels, including blending and crosslinking, highlighting their influence on the final properties of the gels. Furthermore, the uses of CS composite gels in tissue engineering, wound healing, drug delivery, and 3D printing highlight their potential to overcome a number of the present issues with drug delivery. The biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, electroactive, thermosensitive and pH responsive behavior and controlled release capabilities of these gels make them particularly suitable for biomedical applications. In conclusion, CS composite gels represent a versatile class of materials with significant potential for a wide range of applications. Further research and development efforts are necessary to optimize their properties and expand their utility in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Bonde
- SSR College of Pharmacy, Sayli, Silvassa 396230, UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India.
| | - Chandani Chandarana
- SSR College of Pharmacy, Sayli, Silvassa 396230, UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India
| | - Parixit Prajapati
- SSR College of Pharmacy, Sayli, Silvassa 396230, UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India
| | - Vidhi Vashi
- SSR College of Pharmacy, Sayli, Silvassa 396230, UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, India
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Almajidi YQ, Ponnusankar S, Chaitanya MVNL, Marisetti AL, Hsu CY, Dhiaa AM, Saadh MJ, Pal Y, Thabit R, Adhab AH, Alsaikhan F, Narmani A, Farhood B. Chitosan-based nanofibrous scaffolds for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130683. [PMID: 38458289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a wide range of deficiencies in treatment of diseases. These limitations are correlated with the inefficient ability of current modalities in the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. Therefore, there is a fundamental need for the development of novel approaches to overcome the mentioned restrictions. Chitosan (CS) nanoparticles, with remarkable physicochemical and mechanical properties, are FDA-approved biomaterials with potential biomedical aspects, like serum stability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, mucoadhesivity, non-immunogenicity, anti-inflammatory, desirable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, etc. CS-based materials are mentioned as ideal bioactive materials for fabricating nanofibrous scaffolds. Sustained and controlled drug release and in situ gelation are other potential advantages of these scaffolds. This review highlights the latest advances in the fabrication of innovative CS-based nanofibrous scaffolds as potential bioactive materials in regenerative medicine and drug delivery systems, with an outlook on their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sivasankaran Ponnusankar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty 643001, The Nilgiris, India
| | - M V N L Chaitanya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Arya Lakshmi Marisetti
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan City 71710, Taiwan.
| | | | - Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Yogendra Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CT College of Pharmacy, Shahpur, Jalandhar, Punjab 144020, India
| | - Russul Thabit
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq
| | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Asghar Narmani
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Ravandi R, Zeinali Heris S, Hemmati S, Aghazadeh M, Davaran S, Abdyazdani N. Effects of chitosan and TiO 2 nanoparticles on the antibacterial property and ability to self-healing of cracks and retrieve mechanical characteristics of dental composites. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27734. [PMID: 38524556 PMCID: PMC10957383 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the self-healing properties of dental nanocomposite using nanoparticles of TiO2 and chitosan. We evaluated flexural and compressive strength, crack-healing, and self-healing lifespan after 3 months of water aging. The effect of the developed composite on cell viability and toxicity was assessed by an MTT assay on human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 cell line). The nanocomposite included 7.5 wt% polyurea-formaldehyde (PUF) and 0, 0.5, and 1 wt% n-TiO2 and chitosan. After the fracture, the samples were put in a mold for 1-90 days to enable healing. Then, the fracture toughness of the healed nanocomposites and the healing yield were measured. The flexural strength of the nanocomposite improved by adding 0.5 wt% n-TiO2, while the compressive strength increased after adding 0.5 wt% chitosan (p > 0.1). When these two materials were used simultaneously, the flexural strength was improved by around 2%; however, the compressive strength was unaffected. Compared to the other sample, the nanocomposite with 0.5 wt% n-TiO2 and chitosan had higher KIC-healing and self-healing efficiency. Self-healing efficacy had no significant effect of water aging over 90 days compared to one day (p > 0.1), demonstrating that the PUF nanocapsules were not damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ravandi
- Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Zeinali Heris
- Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Salar Hemmati
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 65811, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Centre and Department of Oral Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Abdyazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zahedi Tehrani T, Irani S, Ardeshirylajimi A, Seyedjafari E. Natural based hydrogels promote chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1363241. [PMID: 38567084 PMCID: PMC10985146 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1363241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The cartilage tissue lacks blood vessels, which is composed of chondrocytes and ECM. Due to this vessel-less structure, it is difficult to repair cartilage tissue damages. One of the new methods to repair cartilage damage is to use tissue engineering. In the present study, it was attempted to simulate a three-dimensional environment similar to the natural ECM of cartilage tissue by using hydrogels made of natural materials, including Chitosan and different ratios of Alginate. Material and methods: Chitosan, alginate and Chitosan/Alginate hydrogels were fabricated. Fourier Transform Infrared, XRD, swelling ratio, porosity measurement and degradation tests were applied to scaffolds characterization. After that, human adipose derived-mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) were cultured on the hydrogels and then their viability and chondrogenic differentiation capacity were studied. Safranin O and Alcian blue staining, immunofluorescence staining and real time RT-PCR were used as analytical methods for chondrogenic differentiation potential evaluation of hADMSCs when cultured on the hydrogels. Results: The highest degradation rate was detected in Chitosan/Alginate (1:0.5) group The scaffold biocompatibility results revealed that the viability of the cells cultured on the hydrogels groups was not significantly different with the cells cultured in the control group. Safranin O staining, Alcian blue staining, immunofluorescence staining and real time PCR results revealed that the chondrogenic differentiation potential of the hADMSCs when grown on the Chitosan/Alginate hydrogel (1:0.5) was significantly higher than those cell grown on the other groups. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that Chitosan/Alginate hydrogel (1:0.5) could be a promising candidate for cartilage tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Zahedi Tehrani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Predoi D, Iconaru SL, Ciobanu SC, Buton N, Predoi MV. Complex Evaluation of Nanocomposite-Based Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:528. [PMID: 37999169 PMCID: PMC10669721 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite in chitosan matrix (MgHApC) sample was developed as a potential platform for numerous applications in the pharmaceutical, medical, and food industries. Magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite suspensions in the chitosan matrix were obtained by the coprecipitation technique. The surface shape and morphological features were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The hydrodynamic diameter of the suspended particles was determined by Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The stability of MgHApC suspensions was evaluated by ultrasonic measurements. The hydrodynamic diameter of the MgHApC particles in suspension was 29.5 nm. The diameter of MgHApC particles calculated from SEM was 12.5 ± 2 nm. Following the SEM observations, it was seen that the MgHApC particles have a spherical shape. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies conducted on MgHApC proved the presence of chitosan and hydroxyapatite in the studied specimens. In vitro antimicrobial assays were performed on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 microbial strains. The antimicrobial experiments showed that MgHApC exhibited very good antimicrobial properties against all the tested microorganisms. More than that, the results of the in vitro studies revealed that the antimicrobial properties of the samples depend on the incubation time. The evaluation of the sample's cytotoxicity was performed using the human colon cancer (HCT-8) cell line. Our results suggested the great potential of MgHApC to be used in future applications in the field of biomedical applications (e.g., dentistry, orthopedics, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Predoi
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street, No. 405A, MG 07, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Simona Liliana Iconaru
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street, No. 405A, MG 07, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Steluta Carmen Ciobanu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Street, No. 405A, MG 07, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Nicolas Buton
- HORIBA Jobin Yvon S.A.S., 6-18, Rue du Canal, 91165 Longjumeau, France;
| | - Mihai Valentin Predoi
- Department of Mechanics, University Politehnica of Bucharest, BN 002, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Sector 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
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Inchingolo F, Inchingolo AM, Latini G, Palmieri G, Di Pede C, Trilli I, Ferrante L, Inchingolo AD, Palermo A, Lorusso F, Scarano A, Dipalma G. Application of Graphene Oxide in Oral Surgery: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6293. [PMID: 37763569 PMCID: PMC10532659 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The current review aims to provide an overview of the most recent research in the last 10 years on the potentials of graphene in the dental surgery field, focusing on the potential of graphene oxide (GO) applied to implant surfaces and prosthetic abutment surfaces, as well as to the membranes and scaffolds used in Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) procedures. "Graphene oxide" and "dental surgery" and "dentistry" were the search terms utilized on the databases Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed, with the Boolean operator "AND" and "OR". Reviewers worked in pairs to select studies based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. They included animal studies, clinical studies, or case reports, and in vitro and in vivo studies. However, they excluded systematic reviews, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses. Results: Of these 293 studies, 19 publications were included in this review. The field of graphene-based engineered nanomaterials in dentistry is expanding. Aside from its superior mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability, graphene and its derivatives may be functionalized with a variety of bioactive compounds, allowing them to be introduced into and improved upon various scaffolds used in regenerative dentistry. This review presents state-of-the-art graphene-based dental surgery applications. Even if further studies and investigations are still needed, the GO coating could improve clinical results in the examined dental surgery fields. Better osseointegration, as well as increased antibacterial and cytocompatible qualities, can benefit GO-coated implant surgery. On bacterially contaminated implant abutment surfaces, the CO coating may provide the optimum prospects for soft tissue sealing to occur. GBR proves to be a safe and stable material, improving both bone regeneration when using GO-enhanced graft materials as well as biocompatibility and mechanical properties of GO-incorporated membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Giulia Latini
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Giulia Palmieri
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Chiara Di Pede
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Irma Trilli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Laura Ferrante
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti–Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti–Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.I.); (A.M.I.); (G.L.); (G.P.); (C.D.P.); (I.T.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
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Arora S, Das G, Alqarni M, Grover V, Manzoor Baba S, Saluja P, Hassan SAB, Abdulla AM, Bavabeedu SS, Abullais SS, Chahal GS, Ohri A. Role of Chitosan Hydrogels in Clinical Dentistry. Gels 2023; 9:698. [PMID: 37754379 PMCID: PMC10528869 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are organic polymers that can be treated into intricate designs with porous characteristics that mimic essential biologic components. Due to their superior biosafety, biodegradability, biocompatibility, etc., they have been utilized immensely in biomedical engineering, regeneration, and drug delivery. To obtain the greatest number of results, a literature search was undertaken in scientific search engines utilizing keywords. Chitosan is used in a variety of medical sectors, with the goal of emphasizing its applications and benefits in the clinical dental industry. Chitosan can be dissolved in liquid form and combined with other substances to create a variety of products, including fibers, hydrogels, membranes, microspheres, resins, sponges, pastes, tablets, and micro granules. Chitosan has been studied in a variety of dental applications. Chitosan is used in the prevention of caries and wear, in pulpotomy to accelerate osteogenesis in guided tissue regeneration due to its hemostatic property, and primarily to benefit from its antimicrobial activity by adding it to materials, such as glass ionomer cement, calcium hydroxide, and adhesive systems. With its antibacterial activity and biocompatibility, chitosan is leading the pack as a promising ingredient in the production of dental materials. The current review provides an update on the background, fundamentals, and wide range of uses of chitosan and its gels in dental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Arora
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.M.B.); (S.A.B.H.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Gotam Das
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alqarni
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.M.B.); (S.A.B.H.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Vishakha Grover
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. H. S. J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India; (V.G.); (G.S.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Suheel Manzoor Baba
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.M.B.); (S.A.B.H.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Priyanka Saluja
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada;
| | - Saeed Awod Bin Hassan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.M.B.); (S.A.B.H.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Anshad M. Abdulla
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shashit Shetty Bavabeedu
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (S.M.B.); (S.A.B.H.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Periodontics, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Deemed to be University, Wardha 442001, India
| | - Gurparkash Singh Chahal
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. H. S. J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India; (V.G.); (G.S.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Anchal Ohri
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dr. H. S. J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India; (V.G.); (G.S.C.); (A.O.)
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Vas NV, Jain RK, Ramachandran SK. Gingerol and Chitosan-Based Coating of Thermoformed Orthodontic Aligners: Characterization, Assessment of Anti-Microbial Activity, and Scratch Resistance: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e42933. [PMID: 37674946 PMCID: PMC10477816 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To prepare and characterize a 6-gingerol-incorporated chitosan biopolymer for coating on thermoformed aligners and evaluate its scratch resistance and antimicrobial activity. Material and methods In this in vitro study, 6-gingerol extract was prepared, incorporated with chitosan biopolymer into a coating solution and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy (NMR). Twenty thermoformed aligner samples were exposed to UV radiation for surface activation, then coated with a crosslinking agent. These were divided into four groups of five. The control group consisted of samples dip-coated in a chitosan solution for 15 minutes. The three test groups consisted of samples dip coated in a gingerol-chitosan coating solution, with each group representing the following time periods of dip coating: five, 10, and 15 minutes. The crosslinking of the coating with the aligner material was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test. A scratch test was carried out to evaluate the wear resistance of the coating, and the antibacterial properties of the coating were tested using a Disc Diffusion test. Results The NMR analysis confirmed the presence of 6-gingerol in the extract. The coating of 6-Gingerol on aligners was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The wear resistance of aligners coated for 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 15 minutes was 1.8 ± 0.09 N, 2.3 ± 0.021 N, and 3.06 ± 0.17 N, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The aligner coated for 15 minutes exhibited the widest zone of inhibition of up to 2.38 ± 0.44 mm against Streptococcus mutans, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). No antibacterial effect was found against E. Coli. Conclusion A novel coating material with 6-gingerol extract incorporated in chitosan biopolymer was prepared and characterized, followed by coating on thermoformed aligners. The coating showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, and both the antimicrobial activity and wear resistance increased with coating duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazleen Valerie Vas
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
| | - Ravindra Kumar Jain
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
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Bai Y, Niu Y, Qin S, Ma G. A New Biomaterial Derived from Aloe vera-Acemannan from Basic Studies to Clinical Application. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1913. [PMID: 37514099 PMCID: PMC10385217 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aloe vera is a kind of herb rich in polysaccharides. Acemannan (AC) is considered to be a natural polysaccharide with good biodegradability and biocompatibility extracted from Aloe vera and has a wide range of applications in the biomedical field due to excellent immunomodulatory, antiviral, antitumor, and tissue regeneration effects. In recent years, clinical case reports on the application of AC as a novel biomedical material in tissue regenerative medicine have emerged; it is mainly used in bone tissue engineering, pulp-dentin complex regeneration engineering, and soft tissue repair, among other operations. In addition, multiple studies have proved that the new composite products formed by the combination of AC and other compounds have excellent biological and physical properties and have broader research prospects. This paper introduces the preparation process, surface structure, and application forms of AC; summarizes the influence of acetyl functional group content in AC on its functions; and provides a detailed review of the functional properties, laboratory studies, clinical cutting-edge applications, and combined applications of AC. Finally, the current application status of AC from basic research to clinical treatment is analyzed and its prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Bai
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yimeng Niu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shengao Qin
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Guowu Ma
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
- Department of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated School, Stomatology of Dalian Medical University, NO. 397 Huangpu Road, Shahekou District, Dalian 116086, China
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Stefanowska K, Woźniak M, Sip A, Mrówczyńska L, Majka J, Kozak W, Dobrucka R, Ratajczak I. Characteristics of Chitosan Films with the Bioactive Substances-Caffeine and Propolis. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:358. [PMID: 37504853 PMCID: PMC10381157 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural and biodegradable polymer with promising potential for biomedical applications. This study concerns the production of chitosan-based materials for future use in the medical industry. Bioactive substances-caffeine and ethanolic propolis extract (EEP)-were incorporated into a chitosan matrix to increase the bioactivity of the obtained films and improve their mechanical properties. Acetic and citric acids were used as solvents in the production of the chitosan-based films. The obtained materials were characterized in terms of their antibacterial and antifungal activities, as well as their mechanical properties, including tensile strength and elongation at break. Moreover, the chemical structures and surface morphologies of the films were assessed. The results showed that the solution consisting of chitosan, citric acid, caffeine, and EEP exhibited an excellent antiradical effect. The activity of this solution (99.13%) was comparable to that of the standard antioxidant Trolox (92.82%). In addition, the film obtained from this solution showed good antibacterial activity, mainly against Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. The results also revealed that the films produced with citric acid exhibited higher activity levels against pathogenic bacteria than the films obtained with acetic acid. The antimicrobial effect of the chitosan-based films could be further enhanced by adding bioactive additives such as caffeine and propolis extract. The mechanical tests showed that the solvents and additives used affected the mechanical properties of the films obtained. The film produced from chitosan and acetic acid was characterized by the highest tensile strength value (46.95 MPa) while the chitosan-based film with citric acid showed the lowest value (2.28 MPa). The addition of caffeine and propolis to the film based on chitosan with acetic acid decreased its tensile strength while in the case of the chitosan-based film with citric acid, an increase in strength was observed. The obtained results suggested that chitosan films with natural bioactive substances can be a promising alternative to the traditional materials used in the medical industry, for example, as including biodegradable wound dressings or probiotic encapsulation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stefanowska
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60625 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60625 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Sip
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Majka
- Department of Wood Science and Thermal Techniques, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kozak
- Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, al. Niepodległości 10, 61875 Poznań, Poland
| | - Renata Dobrucka
- Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, al. Niepodległości 10, 61875 Poznań, Poland
| | - Izabela Ratajczak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60625 Poznań, Poland
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11
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Yang Y, Gupta VK, Amiri H, Pan J, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M, Rajaei A. Recent developments in improving the emulsifying properties of chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124210. [PMID: 37001778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the valuable products obtained from crustacean waste. The unique characteristics of chitosan (antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory) have increased its application in various sectors. Besides unique biological properties, chitosan or chitosan-based compounds can stabilize emulsions. Nevertheless, studies have shown that chitosan cannot be used as an efficient stabilizer because of its high hydrophilicity. Hence, this review aims to provide an overview of recent studies dealing with improving the emulsifying properties of chitosan. In general, two different approaches have been reported to improve the emulsifying properties of chitosan. The first approach tries to improve the stabilization property of chitosan by modifying its structure. The second one uses compounds such as polysaccharides, proteins, surfactants, essential oils, and polyphenols with more wettability and emulsifying properties than chitosan's particles in combination with chitosan to create complex particles. The tendency to use chitosan-based particles to stabilize Pickering emulsions has recently increased. For this reason, more studies have been conducted in recent years to improve the stabilizing properties of chitosan-based particles, especially using the electrostatic interaction method. In the electrostatic interaction method, numerous research has been conducted on using proteins and polysaccharides to increase the stabilizing property of chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran; Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Junting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mortaza Aghbashlo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India.
| | - Ahmad Rajaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
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12
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Layered scaffolds in periodontal regeneration. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:782-797. [PMID: 36159068 PMCID: PMC9489757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease in dentistry that may lead to tooth loss and aesthetic problems. Periodontal tissue has a sophisticated architecture including four sections of alveolar bone, cementum, gingiva, and periodontal ligament fiber; all these four can be damaged during periodontitis. Thus, for whole periodontal regeneration, it is important to form both hard and soft tissue structures simultaneously on the tooth root surface without forming junctional epithelium and ankylosis. This condition makes the treatment of the periodontium a challenging process. Various regenerative methods including Guided Bone/Tissue Regeneration (GBR/GTR) using various membranes have been developed. Although using such GBR/GTR membranes was successful for partial periodontal treatment, they cannot be used for the regeneration of complete periodontium. For this purpose, multilayered scaffolds are now being developed. Such scaffolds may include various biomaterials, stem cells, and growth factors in a multiphasic configuration in which each layer is designed to regenerate specific section of the periodontium. This article provides a comprehensive review of the multilayered scaffolds for periodontal regeneration based on natural or synthetic polymers, and their combinations with other biomaterials and bioactive molecules. After highlighting the challenges related to multilayered scaffolds preparation, features of suitable scaffolds for periodontal regeneration are discussed.
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13
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Preparation and Properties of Partial-Degradable ZrO 2-Chitosan Particles-GelMA Composite Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194233. [PMID: 36236178 PMCID: PMC9570718 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of bone repair, the inorganic-organic composite scaffold is a promising strategy for mimicking the compositions of the natural bone. In addition, as implants for repairing load-bearing sites, an inert permanent bone substitute composites with bioactive degradable ingredients may make full use of the composite scaffold. Herein, the porous zirconia (ZrO2) matrix was prepared via the template replication method, and the partial degradable ZrO2-chitosan particles-GelMA composite scaffolds with different chitosan/GelMA volume ratios were prepared through the vacuum infiltration method. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) were adopted to observe the size of the chitosan particles and the morphologies of the composites scaffold. The mechanical properties, swelling properties, and degradation properties of the composite scaffolds were also characterized by the mechanical properties testing machine and immersion tests. The CCK-8 assay was adopted to test the biocompatibility of the composite scaffold preliminarily. The results show that chitosan particles as small as 60 nm were obtained. In addition, the ratio of chitosan/GelMA can influence the mechanical properties and the swelling and degradation behaviors of the composites scaffold. Furthermore, improved cell proliferation performance was obtained for the composite scaffolds.
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14
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Liu X, Jiang Z, Xing D, Yang Y, Li Z, Sun Z. Recent progress in nanocomposites of carbon dioxide fixation derived reproducible biomedical polymers. Front Chem 2022; 10:1035825. [PMID: 36277338 PMCID: PMC9585172 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1035825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the environmental problems accompanying the extensive application of biomedical polymer materials produced from fossil fuels have attracted more and more attentions. As many biomedical polymer products are disposable, their life cycle is relatively short. Most of the used or overdue biomedical polymer products need to be burned after destruction, which increases the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). Developing biomedical products based on CO2 fixation derived polymers with reproducible sources, and gradually replacing their unsustainable fossil-based counterparts, will promote the recycling of CO2 in this field and do good to control the greenhouse effect. Unfortunately, most of the existing polymer materials from renewable raw materials have some property shortages, which make them unable to meet the gradually improved quality and property requirements of biomedical products. In order to overcome these shortages, much time and effort has been dedicated to applying nanotechnology in this field. The present paper reviews recent advances in nanocomposites of CO2 fixation derived reproducible polymers for biomedical applications, and several promising strategies for further research directions in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiwen Jiang, ; Zhiying Li,
| | - Dejun Xing
- Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiwen Jiang, ; Zhiying Li,
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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15
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Zhou Y, Wang M, Yan C, Liu H, Yu DG. Advances in the Application of Electrospun Drug-Loaded Nanofibers in the Treatment of Oral Ulcers. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1254. [PMID: 36139093 PMCID: PMC9496154 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral ulcers affect oral and systemic health and have high prevalence in the population. There are significant individual differences in the etiology and extent of the disease among patients. In the treatment of oral ulcers, nanofiber films can control the drug-release rate and enable long-term local administration. Compared to other drug-delivery methods, nanofiber films avoid the disadvantages of frequent administration and certain side effects. Electrospinning is a simple and effective method for preparing nanofiber films. Currently, electrospinning technology has made significant breakthroughs in energy-saving and large-scale production. This paper summarizes the polymers that enable oral mucosal adhesion and the active pharmaceutical ingredients used for oral ulcers. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of currently available electrospun nanofiber films on oral ulcers in animal experiments and clinical trials are investigated. In addition, solvent casting and cross-linking methods can be used in conjunction with electrospinning techniques. Based on the literature, more administration systems with different polymers and loading components can be inspired. These administration systems are expected to have synergistic effects and achieve better therapeutic effects. This not only provides new possibilities for drug-loaded nanofibers but also brings new hope for the treatment of oral ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangqi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for High-Performance Medical Device Materials, Shanghai 200093, China
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16
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The Key Elements for Biomolecules to Biomaterials and to Bioapplications. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091234. [PMID: 36139073 PMCID: PMC9496090 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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17
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Atia GAN, Shalaby HK, Zehravi M, Ghobashy MM, Attia HAN, Ahmad Z, Khan FS, Dey A, Mukerjee N, Alexiou A, Rahman MH, Klepacka J, Najda A. Drug-Loaded Chitosan Scaffolds for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153192. [PMID: 35956708 PMCID: PMC9371089 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural anionic polysaccharide with a changeable architecture and an abundance of functional groups; in addition, it can be converted into various shapes and sizes, making it appropriate for a variety of applications. This article examined and summarized current developments in chitosan-based materials, with a focus on the modification of chitosan, and presented an abundance of information about the fabrication and use of chitosan-derived products in periodontal regeneration. Numerous preparation and modification techniques for enhancing chitosan performance, as well as the uses of chitosan and its metabolites, were reviewed critically and discussed in depth in this study. Chitosan-based products may be formed into different shapes and sizes, considering fibers, nanostructures, gels, membranes, and hydrogels. Various drug-loaded chitosan devices were discussed regarding periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Abdel Nasser Atia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia P.O. Box 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (G.A.N.A.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Hany K. Shalaby
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez University, Suez P.O. Box 43512, Egypt
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo P.O. Box 13759, Egypt
| | - Hager Abdel Nasser Attia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. Box 21526, Egypt
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Dehran Al-Junub, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhat S. Khan
- Biology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Dehran Al-Junub, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Khardaha 700118, India
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.A.N.A.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Joanna Klepacka
- Department of Commodity Science and Food Analysis, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 2, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Science in Lublin, Doświadczalna Street 51A, 20-280 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (G.A.N.A.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.)
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18
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Chitosan: A Sustainable Material for Multifarious Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122335. [PMID: 35745912 PMCID: PMC9228948 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the versatility of its features and capabilities, chitosan generated from marine crustacean waste is gaining importance and appeal in a wide variety of applications. It was initially used in pharmaceutical and medical applications due to its antibacterial, biocompatible, and biodegradable properties. However, as the demand for innovative materials with environmentally benign properties has increased, the application range of chitosan has expanded, and it is now used in a variety of everyday applications. The most exciting aspect of the chitosan is its bactericidal properties against pathogens, which are prevalent in contaminated water and cause a variety of human ailments. Apart from antimicrobial and water filtration applications, chitosan is used in dentistry, in water filtration membranes to remove metal ions and some heavy metals from industrial effluents, in microbial fuel cell membranes, and in agriculture to maintain moisture in fruits and leaves. It is also used in skin care products and cosmetics as a moisturizer, in conjunction with fertilizer to boost plant immunity, and as a bi-adhesive for bonding woods and metals. As it has the capacity to increase the life span of food items and raw meat, it is an unavoidable component in food packing and preservation. The numerous applications of chitosan are reviewed in this brief study, as well as the approaches used to incorporate chitosan alongside traditional materials and its effect on the outputs.
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Baranwal J, Barse B, Fais A, Delogu GL, Kumar A. Biopolymer: A Sustainable Material for Food and Medical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050983. [PMID: 35267803 PMCID: PMC8912672 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are a leading class of functional material suitable for high-value applications and are of great interest to researchers and professionals across various disciplines. Interdisciplinary research is important to understand the basic and applied aspects of biopolymers to address several complex problems associated with good health and well-being. To reduce the environmental impact and dependence on fossil fuels, a lot of effort has gone into replacing synthetic polymers with biodegradable materials, especially those derived from natural resources. In this regard, many types of natural or biopolymers have been developed to meet the needs of ever-expanding applications. These biopolymers are currently used in food applications and are expanding their use in the pharmaceutical and medical industries due to their unique properties. This review focuses on the various uses of biopolymers in the food and medical industry and provides a future outlook for the biopolymer industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Baranwal
- DBT-ICGEB Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (J.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Brajesh Barse
- DBT-ICGEB Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; (J.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Antonella Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.F.); (G.L.D.)
| | - Giovanna Lucia Delogu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.F.); (G.L.D.)
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence: or
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20
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Ismail S, Aboutabl M, Fayed B. Investigation of chitosan, its depolymerized products, and nanoformulation as novel anticonvulsants. EGYPTIAN PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/epj.epj_58_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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