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Guda BB, Komisarenko II, Ostafiichuk MV, Tronko MD. FAMILIAL NON-MEDULLARY THYROID CARCINOMA. Exp Oncol 2023; 45:70-78. [PMID: 37417280 DOI: 10.15407/exp-oncology.2023.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is defined as cancer developing in two or more first-degree relatives if predisposing factors, for example, radiation, are absent. The disease can be either syndromic, when it is a component of complex genetic syndromes, or non-syndromic (95% cases). The genetic basis of non-syndromic FNMTC is unknown; the clinical behavior of tumorsis unclear and, at times, contradictory. AIM To analyze clinical manifestations of FNMTC and compare them with the data for sporadic papillary thyroid carcinomas in patients of the same age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 22 patients (a "parents" group and a "children" group) suffering from the non-syndromic FNMTC. For comparison, two groups of sporadic papillary carcinomas patients of the same age were drawn up("adult" and "young"). We analyzed tumor size and frequency of the distributionby the categoryof TNM system, invasiveness, multifocality, metastases to lymph nodes, type and extent of surgical and radioiodine treatment, and prognosis according to the MACIS criterion. RESULTS Whether sporadic or familial, the tumor size, metastatic potential, and invasive potential are higher in young people, asalready known. There was no significant difference between the "parents" and "adult" groups of patients in terms of tumor parameters. One exception was the higher frequency of multifocal tumors in the FNMTC patients. Meanwhile, compared to the "young" sporadic papillary carcinomas patients, the FNMTC "children" had a higher frequency of T2 tumors, metastasizing (N1a-N1ab), and multifocal tumors, but a lower frequency of carcinomas with intrathyroidal invasions.In the FNMTC "children" compared to FNMTC "parents" was a higher frequency of T2 tumors, metastasizing carcinomas, and tumors with capsular invasion. CONCLUSION FNMTC carcinomas are more aggressive than sporadic ones, especially in patients who are first-degree relatives in a family with parents already diagnosed with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Guda
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
| | - I I Komisarenko
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
| | - M V Ostafiichuk
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
| | - M D Tronko
- State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
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Suravajhala P, Goltsov A. Three Grand Challenges in High Throughput Omics Technologies. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091238. [PMID: 36139077 PMCID: PMC9496467 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Suravajhala
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwavidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana, Kerala 690525, India
- Bioclues.org, Hyderabad 500072, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexey Goltsov
- Biocybernetics Systems and Technologies Division, Institute for Artificial intelligence, MIREA–Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia
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Skopelitou D, Srivastava A, Miao B, Kumar A, Dymerska D, Paramasivam N, Schlesner M, Lubinski J, Hemminki K, Försti A, Reddy Bandapalli O. Whole exome sequencing identifies novel germline variants of SLC15A4 gene as potentially cancer predisposing in familial colorectal cancer. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:965-979. [PMID: 35562597 PMCID: PMC9250485 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01896-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
About 15% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have first-degree relatives affected by the same malignancy. However, for most families the cause of familial aggregation of CRC is unknown. To identify novel high-to-moderate-penetrance germline variants underlying CRC susceptibility, we performed whole exome sequencing (WES) on four CRC cases and two unaffected members of a Polish family without any mutation in known CRC predisposition genes. After WES, we used our in-house developed Familial Cancer Variant Prioritization Pipeline and identified two novel variants in the solute carrier family 15 member 4 (SLC15A4) gene. The heterozygous missense variant, p. Y444C, was predicted to affect the phylogenetically conserved PTR2/POT domain and to have a deleterious effect on the function of the encoded peptide/histidine transporter. The other variant was located in the upstream region of the same gene (GRCh37.p13, 12_129308531_C_T; 43 bp upstream of transcription start site, ENST00000266771.5) and it was annotated to affect the promoter region of SLC15A4 as well as binding sites of 17 different transcription factors. Our findings of two distinct variants in the same gene may indicate a synergistic up-regulation of SLC15A4 as the underlying genetic cause and implicate this gene for the first time in genetic inheritance of familial CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamanto Skopelitou
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aayushi Srivastava
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beiping Miao
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Dagmara Dymerska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Diagnostics Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Försti
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Obul Reddy Bandapalli
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Nosé V, Gill A, Teijeiro JMC, Perren A, Erickson L. Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Familial Endocrine Tumor Syndromes. Endocr Pathol 2022; 33:197-227. [PMID: 35285003 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-022-09705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review of the familial tumor syndromes involving the endocrine organs is focused on discussing the main updates on the upcoming fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors. This review emphasizes updates on histopathological and molecular genetics aspects of the most important syndromes involving the endocrine organs. We describe the newly defined Familial Cancer Syndromes as MAFA-related, MEN4, and MEN5 as well as the newly reported pathological findings in DICER1 syndrome. We also describe the updates done at the new WHO on the syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid diseases. We emphasize the problem of diagnostic criteria, mention the new genes that are possibly involved in this group, and at the same time, touching upon the role of some immunohistochemical studies that could support the diagnosis of some of these conditions. As pathologists play an important role in identifying tumors within a familial cancer syndrome, we highlight the most important clues for raising the suspicious of a syndrome. Finally, we highlight the challenges in defining these entities as well as determining their clinical outcome in comparison with sporadic tumors. Instead of the usual subject review, we present the highlights of the updates on familial cancer syndromes by answering select questions relevant to practicing pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Nosé
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | | | - José Manuel Cameselle Teijeiro
- Clinical University Hospital Santiago de Compostela and Medical Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aurel Perren
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Guan Y, Zhu H, Zhu Y, Zhao H, Shu L, Song J, Yang X, Wu Z, Wu L, Yang M. Microbial consortium composed of Cellulomonas ZJW-6 and Acinetobacter DA-25 improves straw lignocellulose degradation. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:139. [PMID: 35032191 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, 27 bacterial strains were isolated from environmental samples and screened for higher lignocellulose-degrading efficiency. The best degrader was combined in pairs with 14 strains with high β-glucosidase activity to formulate a consortium. Microbial consortium 625 showed high lignocellulose degradation efficiency. ZJW-6 with low β-glucosidase activity and the best lignocellulose decomposer was identified as a member of Cellulomonas. Consortium 625 composed of ZJW-6 and DA-25, an Acinetobacter, showed the highest degradation rate (57.62%) under optimized conditions. The DA-25 filtrate promoted ZJW-6 growth, upregulating the activity of key lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, including β-glucosidase, endoglucanase, xylanase, laccase, and lignin peroxidase. ZJW-6 and DA-25 worked in a subordination manner when co-cultivated. ZJW-6 acted as the major decomposer whose growth and enzymatic activities were promoted by DA-25. This study proposes a novel microbial consortium with improved lignocellulose degradation efficiency and reduce the C:N ratio of lignocellulose materials, which can enhance bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hemei Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Longhua Shu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Song
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihai Wu
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Meiying Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
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Marques IJ, Gomes I, Pojo M, Pires C, Moura MM, Cabrera R, Santos C, van IJcken WFJ, Teixeira MR, Ramalho JS, Leite V, Cavaco BM. Identification of SPRY4 as a Novel Candidate Susceptibility Gene for Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2021; 31:1366-1375. [PMID: 33906393 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: The molecular basis of familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is still poorly understood, representing a limitation for molecular diagnosis and clinical management. In this study, we aimed to identify new susceptibility genes for FNMTC through whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis of leukocyte DNA of patients from a highly informative FNMTC family. Methods: We selected six affected family members to conduct WES analysis. Bioinformatic analyses were undertaken to filter and select the genetic variants shared by the affected members, which were subsequently validated by Sanger sequencing. To select the most likely pathogenic variants, several studies were performed, including family segregation analysis, in silico impact characterization, and gene expression (messenger RNA and protein) depiction in databases. For the most promising variant identified, we performed in vitro studies to validate its pathogenicity. Results: Several potentially pathogenic variants were identified in different candidate genes. After filtering with appropriate criteria, the variant c.701C>T, p.Thr234Met in the SPRY4 gene was prioritized for in vitro functional characterization. This SPRY4 variant led to an increase in cell viability and colony formation, indicating that it confers a proliferative advantage and potentiates clonogenic capacity. Phosphokinase array and Western blot analyses suggested that the effects of the SPRY4 variant were mediated through the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, which was further supported by a higher responsiveness of thyroid cancer cells with the SPRY4 variant to a MEK inhibitor. Conclusions: WES analysis in one family identified SPRY4 as a likely novel candidate susceptibility gene for FNMTC, allowing a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying thyroid cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês J Marques
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Gomes
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Pojo
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Pires
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida M Moura
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rafael Cabrera
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Santos
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Porto, Portugal
| | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Center for Biomics, Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José S Ramalho
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Branca M Cavaco
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
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Pires C, Marques IJ, Dias D, Saramago A, Leite V, Cavaco BM. A pathogenic variant in CHEK2 shows a founder effect in Portuguese Roma patients with thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2021; 73:588-597. [PMID: 33683595 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Germline mutations in DNA repair-related genes have been recently reported in cases with familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC). A Portuguese family from the Roma ethnic group with four members affected with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and three members with multinodular goiter (MNG) was identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of DNA repair-related genes in the etiology of FNMTC in this family and in the Roma ethnic group. METHODS Ninety-four hereditary cancer predisposition genes were analyzed through next-generation sequencing. Sanger sequencing was used for variant confirmation and screening. Twelve polymorphic markers were genotyped for haplotype analysis in the CHEK2 locus. RESULTS A germline pathogenic frameshift variant in the CHEK2 gene [c.596dupA, p.(Tyr199Ter)] was detected in homozygosity in the proband (PTC) and in his brother (MNG), being heterozygous in his mother (PTC), two sisters (PTC), and one nephew (MNG). This variant was absent in 100 general population controls. The screening of the CHEK2 variant was extended to other Roma individuals, being detected in 2/33 Roma patients with thyroid cancer, and in 1/15 Roma controls. Haplotype segregation analysis identified a common ancestral core haplotype (Hcac), covering 10 Mb in the CHEK2 locus, shared by affected CHEK2 variant carriers. Analysis of 62 individuals CHEK2 wild-type indicated that none presented the Hcac haplotype. The estimated age for this variant suggested that it was transmitted by a relatively recent common ancestor. CONCLUSIONS We identified a founder CHEK2 pathogenic variant, which is likely to underlie thyroid cancer and other cancer manifestations in the Roma population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pires
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Jorge Marques
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
- Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniela Dias
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Saramago
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Branca Maria Cavaco
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Aswath K, Welch J, Gubbi S, Veeraraghavan P, Avadhanula S, Gara SK, Dikoglu E, Merino M, Raffeld M, Xi L, Kebebew E, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J. Co-Occurrence of Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer (FNMTC) and Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) Associated Tumors-A Cohort Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:653401. [PMID: 34326811 PMCID: PMC8315151 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.653401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is a form of endocrine malignancy exhibiting an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with largely unknown germline molecular mechanism. Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC) is another hereditary autosomal dominant cancer syndrome which, if proven to be caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair genes (MMR)-MLHL, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM-is called Lynch syndrome (LS). LS results in hereditary predisposition to a number of cancers, especially colorectal and endometrial cancers. Tumors in LS are characterized by microsatellite instability (MSI) and/or loss of MMR protein expression in immunohistochemistry (IHC). MSI is a rare event in thyroid cancer (TC), although it is known to occur in up to 2.5% of sporadic follicular TC cases. There are limited data on the role of germline MMR variants FNMTC. The goal of this study was to analyze the potential clinical and molecular association between HNPCC and FNMTC. We performed a cohort study analyzing the demographic, clinical, and pathologic data of 43 kindreds encompassing 383 participants (104 affected, 279 unaffected), aged 43.5 [7-99] years with FNMTC, and performed high-throughput whole-exome sequencing (WES) of peripheral blood DNA samples of selected 168 participants (54 affected by FNMTC and 114 unaffected). Total affected by thyroid cancer members per family ranged between 2 and 9 patients. FNMTC was more prevalent in women (68.3%) and characterized by a median tumor size of 1.0 [0.2-5.0] cm, multifocal growth in 44%, and gross extrathyroidal extension in 11.3%. Central neck lymph node metastases were found in 40.3% of patients at presentation, 12.9% presented with lateral neck lymph node metastases, and none had distant metastases. Family history screening revealed one Caucasian family meeting the clinical criteria for FNMTC and HNPCC, with five members affected by FNMTC and at least eight individuals reportedly unaffected by HNPCC-associated tumors. In addition, two family members were affected by melanoma. Genome Analysis Tool Kit (GATK) pipeline was used in variant analysis. Among 168 sequenced participants, a heterozygous missense variant in the MSH2 gene (rs373226409; c.2120G>A; p.Cys707Tyr) was detected exclusively in FNMTC- HNPCC- kindred. In this family, the sequencing was performed in one member affected by FNMTC, HPNCC-associated tumors and melanoma, one member affected solely by HNPCC-associated tumor, and one member with FNMTC only, as well as seven unaffected family members. The variant was present in all three affected adults, and in two unaffected children of the affected member, under the age of 18 years, and was absent in non-affected adults. This variant is predicted to be damaging/pathogenic in 17/20 in-silico models. However, immunostaining performed on the thyroid tumor tissue of two affected by FNMTC family members revealed intact nuclear expression of MSH2, and microsatellite stable status in both tumors that were tested. Although the MSH2 p.Cys707Tyr variant is rare with a minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.00006 in Caucasians; it is more common in the South Asian population at 0.003 MAF. Therefore, the MSH2 variant observed in this family is unlikely to be an etiologic factor of thyroid cancer and a common genetic association between FNMTC and HNPCC has not yet been identified. This is the first report known to us on the co-occurrence of FNMTC and HNPCC. The co-occurrence of FNMTC and HNPCC-associated tumors is a rare event and although presented in a single family in our large FNMTC cohort, a common genetic background between the two comorbidities could not be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshama Aswath
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - James Welch
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sriram Gubbi
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Padmasree Veeraraghavan
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Shirisha Avadhanula
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sudheer Kumar Gara
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Esra Dikoglu
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Maria Merino
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mark Raffeld
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Liqiang Xi
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Orois A, Mora M, Halperin I, Oriola J. Familial non medullary thyroid carcinoma: Beyond the syndromic forms. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2021; 68:260-269. [PMID: 34266638 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer is defined as the presence of non-medullary thyroid cancer in two or more first-degree relatives, in the absence of other predisposing factors. It represents up to 9% of differentiated thyroid cancers, and only a minority appears in well-known hereditary syndromes that associate thyroid cancer among many other clinical manifestations. However, in more than 95% of cases, thyroid cancer appears isolated, and its genetic causes have yet to be elucidated. We review here the current knowledge of the genetic basis of this pathology, as well as its clinical characteristics. Understanding the genetic mechanisms implied would help to comprehend the metabolic pathways involved, with the consequent potential therapeutic application. In addition, it would allow genetic counseling and to focus our efforts on patients at risk of developing this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Orois
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, ICMDM, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia Mora
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, ICMDM, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Halperin
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, ICMDM, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Oriola
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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A Novel Low-Risk Germline Variant in the SH2 Domain of the SRC Gene Affects Multiple Pathways in Familial Colorectal Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040262. [PMID: 33916261 PMCID: PMC8066297 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) shows one of the largest proportions of familial cases among different malignancies, but only 5-10% of all CRC cases are linked to mutations in established predisposition genes. Thus, familial CRC constitutes a promising target for the identification of novel, high- to moderate-penetrance germline variants underlying cancer susceptibility by next generation sequencing. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing on three members of a family with CRC aggregation. Subsequent integrative in silico analysis using our in-house developed variant prioritization pipeline resulted in the identification of a novel germline missense variant in the SRC gene (V177M), a proto-oncogene highly upregulated in CRC. Functional validation experiments in HT-29 cells showed that introduction of SRCV177M resulted in increased cell proliferation and enhanced protein expression of phospho-SRC (Y419), a potential marker for SRC activity. Upregulation of paxillin, β-Catenin, and STAT3 mRNA levels, increased levels of phospho-ERK, CREB, and CCND1 proteins and downregulation of the tumor suppressor p53 further proposed the activation of several pathways due to the SRCV177M variant. The findings of our pedigree-based study contribute to the exploration of the genetic background of familial CRC and bring insights into the molecular basis of upregulated SRC activity and downstream pathways in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Mete O, Asa SL, LiVolsi V. Inherited Follicular Epithelial-Derived Thyroid Carcinomas: From Molecular Biology to Histological Correlates. Endocr Pathol 2021; 32:77-101. [PMID: 33495912 PMCID: PMC7960606 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-020-09661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer derived from thyroid follicular epithelial cells is common; it represents the most common endocrine malignancy. The molecular features of sporadic tumors have been clarified in the past decade. However the incidence of familial disease has not been emphasized and is often overlooked in routine practice. A careful clinical documentation of family history or familial syndromes that can be associated with thyroid disease can help identify germline susceptibility-driven thyroid neoplasia. In this review, we summarize a large body of information about both syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid carcinomas. A significant number of patients with inherited non-medullary thyroid carcinomas manifest disease that appears to be sporadic disease even in some syndromic cases. The cytomorphology of the tumor(s), molecular immunohistochemistry, the findings in the non-tumorous thyroid parenchyma and other associated lesions may provide insight into the underlying syndromic disorder. However, the increasing evidence of familial predisposition to non-syndromic thyroid cancers is raising questions about the importance of genetics and epigenetics. What appears to be "sporadic" is becoming less often truly so and more often an opportunity to identify and understand novel genetic variants that underlie tumorigenesis. Pathologists must be aware of the unusual morphologic features that should prompt germline screening. Therefore, recognition of harbingers of specific germline susceptibility syndromes can assist in providing information to facilitate early detection to prevent aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), Clinical University Hospital, Travesía Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Medical Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Ozgur Mete
- Department of Pathology and Endocrine Oncology Site, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Virginia LiVolsi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelmann School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Skopelitou D, Miao B, Srivastava A, Kumar A, Kuswick M, Dymerska D, Paramasivam N, Schlesner M, Lubinski J, Hemminki K, Försti A, Bandapalli OR. Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies APCDD1 and HDAC5 Genes as Potentially Cancer Predisposing in Familial Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041837. [PMID: 33673279 PMCID: PMC7917948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in predisposition genes account for only 20% of all familial colorectal cancers (CRC) and the remaining genetic burden may be due to rare high- to moderate-penetrance germline variants that are not explored. With the aim of identifying such potential cancer-predisposing variants, we performed whole exome sequencing on three CRC cases and three unaffected members of a Polish family and identified two novel heterozygous variants: a coding variant in APC downregulated 1 gene (APCDD1, p.R299H) and a non-coding variant in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of histone deacetylase 5 gene (HDAC5). Sanger sequencing confirmed the variants segregating with the disease and Taqman assays revealed 8 additional APCDD1 variants in a cohort of 1705 familial CRC patients and no further HDAC5 variants. Proliferation assays indicated an insignificant proliferative impact for the APCDD1 variant. Luciferase reporter assays using the HDAC5 variant resulted in an enhanced promoter activity. Targeting of transcription factor binding sites of SNAI-2 and TCF4 interrupted by the HDAC5 variant showed a significant impact of TCF4 on promoter activity of mutated HDAC5. Our findings contribute not only to the identification of unrecognized genetic causes of familial CRC but also underline the importance of 5’UTR variants affecting transcriptional regulation and the pathogenesis of complex disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamanto Skopelitou
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (B.M.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beiping Miao
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (B.M.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aayushi Srivastava
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (B.M.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (B.M.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Magdalena Kuswick
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (D.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Dagmara Dymerska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (D.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Diagnostics Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71252 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (D.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (B.M.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Försti
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (B.M.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Obul Reddy Bandapalli
- Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (B.M.); (A.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-421809
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Yang F, Zhang J, Li B, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Jing S, Wang G. Identification of Potential lncRNAs and miRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:3984463. [PMID: 34335744 PMCID: PMC8318749 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3984463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for most of the proportion of thyroid cancer (TC). The objective of this study was to identify diagnostic, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), contributing to understanding the epigenetics mechanism of PTC. METHODS The data of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, followed by functional analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs. Optimal diagnostic lncRNA and miRNA biomarkers were identified via random forest. The regulatory network between optimal diagnostic lncRNA and mRNAs and optimal diagnostic miRNA and mRNAs was identified, followed by the construction of ceRNA network of lncRNA-mRNA-miRNA. Expression validation and diagnostic analysis of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs were performed. Overexpression of ADD3-AS1 was performed in PTC-UC3 cell lines, and cell proliferation and invasion assay were used for investigating the role of ADD3-AS1 in PTC. RESULTS A total of 107 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 81 differentially expressed miRNAs, and 515 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. 11 lncRNAs and 6 miRNAs were regarded as the optimal diagnostic biomarkers for PTC. The epigenetic modifications via the above diagnostic lncRNAs and miRNAs were identified, including MIR181A2HG-FOXP2-hsa-miR-146b-3p, BLACAT1/ST7-AS1-RPS6KA5-hsa-miR-34a-5p, LBX2-AS1/MIR100HG-CDHR3-hsa-miR-34a-5p, ADD3-AS1-PTPRE-hsa-miR-9-5p, ADD3-AS1-TGFBR1-hsa-miR-214-3p, LINC00506-MMRN1-hsa-miR-4709-3p, and LOC339059-STK32A-hsa-miR-199b-5p. In the functional analysis, MMRN1 and TGFBR1 were involved in cell adhesion and endothelial cell migration, respectively. Overexpression of ADD3-AS1 inhibited cell growth and invasion in PTC cell lines. CONCLUSION The identified lncRNAs/miRNAs/mRNA were differentially expressed between normal and cancerous tissues. In addition, identified altered lncRNAs and miRNAs may be potential diagnostic biomarkers for PTC. Additionally, epigenetic modifications via the above lncRNAs and miRNAs may be involved in tumorigenesis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Baokun Li
- General Surgical Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Shanghua Jing
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Guiying Wang
- General Surgical Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
- General Surgical Department, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
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Srivastava A, Giangiobbe S, Skopelitou D, Miao B, Paramasivam N, Diquigiovanni C, Bonora E, Hemminki K, Försti A, Bandapalli OR. Whole Genome Sequencing Prioritizes CHEK2, EWSR1, and TIAM1 as Possible Predisposition Genes for Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:600682. [PMID: 33692755 PMCID: PMC7937922 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.600682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial inheritance in non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is an area that has yet to be adequately explored. Despite evidence suggesting strong familial clustering of non-syndromic NMTC, known variants still account for a very small percentage of the genetic burden. In a recent whole genome sequencing (WGS) study of five families with several NMTCs, we shortlisted promising variants with the help of our in-house developed Familial Cancer Variant Prioritization Pipeline (FCVPPv2). Here, we report potentially disease-causing variants in checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2), Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) and T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing protein 1 (TIAM1) in one family. Performing WGS on three cases, one probable case and one healthy individual in a family with familial NMTC left us with 112254 variants with a minor allele frequency of less than 0.1%, which was reduced by pedigree-based filtering to 6368. Application of the pipeline led to the prioritization of seven coding and nine non-coding variants from this family. The variant identified in CHEK2, a known tumor suppressor gene involved in DNA damage-induced DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, has been previously identified as a germline variant in breast and prostate cancer and has been functionally validated by Roeb et al. in a yeast-based assay to have an intermediate effect on protein function. We thus hypothesized that this family may harbor additional disease-causing variants in other functionally related genes. We evaluated two further variants in EWSR1 and TIAM1 with promising in silico results and reported interaction in the DNA-damage repair pathway. Hence, we propose a polygenic mode of inheritance in this family. As familial NMTC is considered to be more aggressive than its sporadic counterpart, it is important to identify such susceptibility genes and their associated pathways. In this way, the advancement of personalized medicine in NMTC patients can be fostered. We also wish to reopen the discussion on monogenic vs polygenic inheritance in NMTC and instigate further development in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Srivastava
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Preclinical Pediatric Oncology, Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Giangiobbe
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diamanto Skopelitou
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Preclinical Pediatric Oncology, Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beiping Miao
- Preclinical Pediatric Oncology, Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Computational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Molecular Diagnostics Program, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malphigi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Bonora
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malphigi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Preclinical Pediatric Oncology, Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Obul Reddy Bandapalli
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Preclinical Pediatric Oncology, Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Obul Reddy Bandapalli,
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15
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Orois A, Mora M, Halperin I, Oriola J. Familial non medullary thyroid carcinoma: Beyond the syndromic forms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 68:260-269. [PMID: 33191196 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer is defined as the presence of non-medullary thyroid cancer in two or more first-degree relatives, in the absence of other predisposing factors. It represents up to 9% of differentiated thyroid cancers, and only a minority appears in well-known hereditary syndromes that associate thyroid cancer among many other clinical manifestations. However, in more than 95% of cases, thyroid cancer appears isolated, and its genetic causes have yet to be elucidated. We review here the current knowledge of the genetic basis of this pathology, as well as its clinical characteristics. Understanding the genetic mechanisms implied would help to comprehend the metabolic pathways involved, with the consequent potential therapeutic application. In addition, it would allow genetic counseling and to focus our efforts on patients at risk of developing this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Orois
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, ICMDM, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
| | - Mireia Mora
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, ICMDM, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, España; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, España
| | - Irene Halperin
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, ICMDM, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Josep Oriola
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, España; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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16
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Srivastava A, Miao B, Skopelitou D, Kumar V, Kumar A, Paramasivam N, Bonora E, Hemminki K, Försti A, Bandapalli OR. A Germline Mutation in the POT1 Gene Is a Candidate for Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061441. [PMID: 32492864 PMCID: PMC7352431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is a common endocrine malignancy with a genetic basis that has yet to be unequivocally established. In a recent whole-genome sequencing study of five families with occurrence of NMTCs, we shortlisted promising variants with the help of bioinformatics tools. Here, we report in silico analyses and in vitro experiments on a novel germline variant (p.V29L) in the highly conserved oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding domain of the Protection of Telomeres 1 (POT1) gene in one of the families. The results showed a reduction in telomere-bound POT1 levels in the mutant protein as compared to its wild-type counterpart. HEK293T cells carrying POT1 p.V29L showed increased telomere length in comparison to wild-type cells, suggesting that the mutation causes telomere dysfunction and may play a role in predisposition to NMTC in this family. While one germline mutation in POT1 has already been reported in a melanoma-prone family with prevalence of thyroid cancers, we report the first of such mutations in a family affected solely by NMTCs, thus expanding current knowledge on shelterin complex-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Srivastava
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.S.); (D.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beiping Miao
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diamanto Skopelitou
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.S.); (D.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Varun Kumar
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.S.); (D.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Diagnostics Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Elena Bonora
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.S.); (D.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.S.); (D.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Obul Reddy Bandapalli
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.S.); (D.S.); (A.K.); (K.H.); (A.F.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Ammar SA, Alobuia WM, Kebebew E. An update on familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2020; 68:502-507. [PMID: 32162184 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) constitutes 3-9% of all thyroid cancer cases. FNMTC is divided into two groups: syndromic and nonsyndromic. Nonsyndromic FNMTC is more common as compared with syndromic FNMTC. In syndromic FNMTC, patients are at risk of nonmedullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) and other tumors, and the susceptibility genes are known. In nonsyndromic FNMTC, NMTC is the major feature of the disease and occurs in isolation with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and variable penetrance. New data have emerged on the genetics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients with FNMTC that may have clinical relevance in the management of patients. In this review, we focus on newly characterized syndromic FNMTC entities, criteria for screening and surveillance of nonsyndromic FNMTC, and the classification of nonsyndromic FNMTC as well as the genetic background and heterogeneity of nonsyndromic FNMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine A Ammar
- Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Wilson M Alobuia
- Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Srivastava A, Giangiobbe S, Kumar A, Paramasivam N, Dymerska D, Behnisch W, Witzens-Harig M, Lubinski J, Hemminki K, Försti A, Bandapalli OR. Identification of Familial Hodgkin Lymphoma Predisposing Genes Using Whole Genome Sequencing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:179. [PMID: 32211398 PMCID: PMC7067901 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a lymphoproliferative malignancy of B-cell origin that accounts for 10% of all lymphomas. Despite evidence suggesting strong familial clustering of HL, there is no clear understanding of the contribution of genes predisposing to HL. In this study, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 7 affected and 9 unaffected family members from three HL-prone families and variants were prioritized using our Familial Cancer Variant Prioritization Pipeline (FCVPPv2). WGS identified a total of 98,564, 170,550, and 113,654 variants which were reduced by pedigree-based filtering to 18,158, 465, and 26,465 in families I, II, and III, respectively. In addition to variants affecting amino acid sequences, variants in promoters, enhancers, transcription factors binding sites, and microRNA seed sequences were identified from upstream, downstream, 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions. A panel of 565 cancer predisposing and other cancer-related genes and of 2,383 potential candidate HL genes were also screened in these families to aid further prioritization. Pathway analysis of segregating genes with Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion Tool (CADD) scores >20 was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software which implicated several candidate genes in pathways involved in B-cell activation and proliferation and in the network of “Cancer, Hematological disease and Immunological Disease.” We used the FCVPPv2 for further in silico analyses and prioritized 45 coding and 79 non-coding variants from the three families. Further literature-based analysis allowed us to constrict this list to one rare germline variant each in families I and II and two in family III. Functional studies were conducted on the candidate from family I in a previous study, resulting in the identification and functional validation of a novel heterozygous missense variant in the tumor suppressor gene DICER1 as potential HL predisposition factor. We aim to identify the individual genes responsible for predisposition in the remaining two families and will functionally validate these in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Srivastava
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Giangiobbe
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Diagnostics Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dagmara Dymerska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Centre, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wolfgang Behnisch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Centre, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Obul Reddy Bandapalli
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Melnik D, Sahana J, Corydon TJ, Kopp S, Nassef MZ, Wehland M, Infanger M, Grimm D, Krüger M. Dexamethasone Inhibits Spheroid Formation of Thyroid Cancer Cells Exposed to Simulated Microgravity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020367. [PMID: 32033410 PMCID: PMC7072698 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Detachment and the formation of spheroids under microgravity conditions can be observed with various types of intrinsically adherent human cells. In particular, for cancer cells this process mimics metastasis and may provide insights into cancer biology and progression that can be used to identify new drug/target combinations for future therapies. By using the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX), we were able to suppress spheroid formation in a culture of follicular thyroid cancer (FTC)-133 cells that were exposed to altered gravity conditions on a random positioning machine. DEX inhibited the growth of three-dimensional cell aggregates in a dose-dependent manner. In the first approach, we analyzed the expression of several factors that are known to be involved in key processes of cancer progression such as autocrine signaling, proliferation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and anoikis. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and expression patterns of important genes in cancer cell growth and survival, which were further suggested to play a role in three-dimensional aggregation, such as NFKB2, VEGFA, CTGF, CAV1, BCL2(L1), or SNAI1, were clearly affected by DEX. Our data suggest the presence of a more complex regulation network of tumor spheroid formation involving additional signal pathways or individual key players that are also influenced by DEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Melnik
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (J.S.); (T.J.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (J.S.); (T.J.C.); (D.G.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Zakaria Nassef
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (J.S.); (T.J.C.); (D.G.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Pfälzer Platz, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (D.M.); (S.K.); (M.Z.N.); (M.W.); (M.I.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt- und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6721-267
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