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Li H, Guan M, Zhang NN, Wang Y, Liang T, Wu H, Wang C, Sun T, Liu S. Harnessing nanomedicine for modulating microglial states in the central nervous system disorders: Challenges and opportunities. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117011. [PMID: 38917758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are essential for maintaining homeostasis and responding to pathological events in the central nervous system (CNS). Their dynamic and multidimensional states in different environments are pivotal factors in various CNS disorders. However, therapeutic modulation of microglial states is challenging due to the intricate balance these cells maintain in the CNS environment and the blood-brain barrier's restriction of drug delivery. Nanomedicine presents a promising avenue for addressing these challenges, offering a method for the targeted and efficient modulation of microglial states. This review covers the challenges faced in microglial therapeutic modulation and potential use of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. We provide an in-depth examination of nanoparticle applications for modulating microglial states in a range of CNS disorders, encompassing neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, infections, traumatic injuries, stroke, tumors, chronic pain, and psychiatric conditions. This review highlights the recent advancements and future prospects in nanomedicine for microglial modulation, paving the way for future research and clinical applications of therapeutic interventions in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisong Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meng Guan
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ning-Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Shuhan Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Tanaka M, Vécsei L. A Decade of Dedication: Pioneering Perspectives on Neurological Diseases and Mental Illnesses. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1083. [PMID: 38791045 PMCID: PMC11117868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Welcome to Biomedicines' 10th Anniversary Special Issue, a journey through the human mind's labyrinth and complex neurological pathways [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - László Vécsei
- HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
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Ducza L, Gaál B. The Neglected Sibling: NLRP2 Inflammasome in the Nervous System. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1006-1028. [PMID: 38722788 PMCID: PMC11081174 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
While classical NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing protein 1 (NLRP1) and NLRP3 inflammasomal proteins have been extensively investigated, the contribution of NLRP2 is still ill-defined in the nervous system. Given the putative significance of NLRP2 in orchestrating neuroinflammation, further inquiry is needed to gain a better understanding of its connectome, hence its specific targeting may hold a promising therapeutic implication. Therefore, bioinformatical approach for extracting information, specifically in the context of neuropathologies, is also undoubtedly preferred. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review study selectively targeting only NLRP2. Increasing, but still fragmentary evidence should encourage researchers to thoroughly investigate this inflammasome in various animal- and human models. Taken together, herein we aimed to review the current literature focusing on the role of NLRP2 inflammasome in the nervous system and more importantly, we provide an algorithm-based protein network of human NLRP2 for elucidating potentially valuable molecular partnerships that can be the beginning of a new discourse and future therapeutic considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Ducza
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary, Hungary
| | - Botond Gaál
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary, Hungary
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Luo B, Li L, Song XD, Chen HX, Yun DB, Wang L, Zhang Y. MicroRNA-7 attenuates secondary brain injury following experimental intracerebral hemorrhage via inhibition of NLRP3. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107670. [PMID: 38438086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying brain injury resulting from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain incompletely elucidated, and efficacious therapeutic interventions to enhance the prognosis of ICH patients are currently lacking. Previous research indicates that MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) can suppress the expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), thereby modulating neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. However, the potential regulatory effects miR-7 on NLRP3 inflammasome after ICH are yet to be established. This study aims to ascertain whether miR-7 mitigates secondary brain injury following experimental ICH by inhibiting NLRP3 and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS An ICH model was established by stereotaxically injecting 100 μL of autologous blood into the right basal ganglia of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Subsequently, these rats were allocated into three groups: sham, ICH + Vehicle, and ICH + miR-7, each comprising 18 animals. Twelve hours post-modeling, rats received intraventricular injections of 10 μL physiological saline, 10 μL phosphate, and 10 μL phosphate-buffered saline solution containing 0.5 nmol of miR-7 mimics, respectively. Neurological function was assessed on day three post-modeling, followed by euthanasia for brain tissue collection. Brain water content was determined using the dry-wet weight method. The expression of inflammatory cytokines in cerebral tissues surrounding the hematoma was analyzed through immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays. These cytokines were re-evaluated using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Moreover, bioinformatics tools were employed to predict miR-7's binding to NLRP3. A wild-type luciferase reporter gene vector and a corresponding mutant vector were constructed, followed by transfection of miR-7 mimics into HEK293T cells to assess luciferase activity. RESULTS Our study demonstrates that the administration of miR-7 mimics markedly reduced neurological function scores and attenuated brain edema in rats following ICH. A significant upregulation of NLRP3 expression in microglia/macrophage adjacent to the hematoma was observed, substantially reduced after the treatment with miR-7 mimics. Furthermore, this intervention ameliorated neurodegenerative changes and effectively decreased the protein and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Caspase1, in the cerebral tissues proximate to the hematomas. In addition, miR-7 mimics distinctly inhibited the luciferase activity associated with the wild-type reporter gene, an effect not mirrored in its mutant variant. CONCLUSIONS The miR-7 suppressed NLRP3 expression in microglia/macrophage to reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines, leading to conducting certain neuroprotection post-ICH in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, No. 97 Renmin South Road, Shunqing District 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Cancer Hospital, No.181 Hanyu Road, Shapingba District 400000, Chongqing City, PR China
| | - Xu-Dong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, No. 97 Renmin South Road, Shunqing District 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Hua-Xuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, No. 97 Renmin South Road, Shunqing District 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - De-Bo Yun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, No. 97 Renmin South Road, Shunqing District 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, No. 97 Renmin South Road, Shunqing District 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, No. 97 Renmin South Road, Shunqing District 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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Kim DW, Lee TK, Ahn JH, Yang SR, Shin MC, Cho JH, Won MH, Kang IJ, Park JH. Porphyran Attenuates Neuronal Loss in the Hippocampal CA1 Subregion Induced by Ischemia and Reperfusion in Gerbils by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Neuroinflammation. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:170. [PMID: 38667787 PMCID: PMC11050983 DOI: 10.3390/md22040170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyran, a sulfated polysaccharide found in various species of marine red algae, has been demonstrated to exhibit diverse bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, the protective effects of porphyran against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effects of porphyran against brain IR injury and its underlying mechanisms using a gerbil model of transient forebrain ischemia (IR in the forebrain), which results in pyramidal cell (principal neuron) loss in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) subregion of the hippocampus on day 4 after IR. Porphyran (25 and 50 mg/kg) was orally administered daily for one week prior to IR. Pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of porphyran, but not 25 mg/kg, significantly attenuated locomotor hyperactivity and protected pyramidal cells located in the CA1 area from IR injury. The pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of porphyran significantly suppressed the IR-induced activation and proliferation of microglia in the CA1 subregion. Additionally, the pretreatment significantly inhibited the overexpressions of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1 beta and interleukin 18) induced by IR in the CA1 subregion. Overall, our findings suggest that porphyran exerts neuroprotective effects against brain IR injury, potentially by reducing the reaction (activation) and proliferation of microglia and reducing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Republic of Korea;
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea; (M.C.S.); (J.H.C.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea; (M.C.S.); (J.H.C.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea; (M.C.S.); (J.H.C.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Il Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
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Sung B, Hwang D, Baek A, Yang B, Lee S, Park J, Kim E, Kim M, Lee E, Chang Y. Gadolinium-Based Magnetic Resonance Theranostic Agent with Gallic Acid as an Anti-Neuroinflammatory and Antioxidant Agent. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:204. [PMID: 38397802 PMCID: PMC10885874 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies in the field have actively pursued the incorporation of diverse biological functionalities into gadolinium-based contrast agents, aiming at the amalgamation of MRI imaging and therapeutic capabilities. In this research, we present the development of Gd-Ga, an anti-neuroinflammatory MR contrast agent strategically designed to target inflammatory mediators for comprehensive imaging diagnosis and targeted lesion treatment. Gd-Ga is a gadolinium complex composed of 1,4,7-tris(carboxymethylaza)cyclododecane-10-azaacetylamide (DO3A) conjugated with gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid). Upon intravenous administration in LPS-induced mouse models, Gd-Ga demonstrated a remarkable three-fold increase in signal-to-noise (SNR) variation compared to Gd-DOTA, particularly evident in both the cortex and hippocampus 30 min post-MR monitoring. In-depth investigations, both in vitro and in vivo, into the anti-neuroinflammatory properties of Gd-Ga revealed significantly reduced protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators compared to the LPS group. The alignment between in silico predictions and phantom studies indicates that Gd-Ga acts as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent by directly binding to MD2. Additionally, the robust antioxidant activity of Gd-Ga was confirmed by its effective scavenging of NO and ROS. Our collective findings emphasize the immense potential of this theranostic complex, where a polyphenol serves as an anti-inflammatory drug, presenting an exceptionally efficient platform for the diagnosis and treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Sung
- ICT Convergence Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dongwook Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea;
- Theranocure Co., Ltd., 90 Chilgokjungang-daero 136-gil, Buk-gu, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea; (B.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Ahrum Baek
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (A.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Byeongwoo Yang
- Theranocure Co., Ltd., 90 Chilgokjungang-daero 136-gil, Buk-gu, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea; (B.Y.); (S.L.)
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyun Lee
- Theranocure Co., Ltd., 90 Chilgokjungang-daero 136-gil, Buk-gu, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea; (B.Y.); (S.L.)
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangwoo Park
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (E.K.)
| | - Eunji Kim
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea; (J.P.); (E.K.)
- Center for Data Analytics Innovation, Office of National R&D Evaluation and Analysis, Korea Institute of S&T Evaluation and Planning, 1339, Wonjung-ro, Maengdong-myeon, Eumseong-gun 27740, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsup Kim
- TARS Scientific, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01662, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eunshil Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (A.B.); (E.L.)
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (A.B.); (E.L.)
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Guchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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Fornari Laurindo L, Aparecido Dias J, Cressoni Araújo A, Torres Pomini K, Machado Galhardi C, Rucco Penteado Detregiachi C, Santos de Argollo Haber L, Donizeti Roque D, Dib Bechara M, Vialogo Marques de Castro M, de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira E, José Tofano R, Jasmin Santos German Borgo I, Maria Barbalho S. Immunological dimensions of neuroinflammation and microglial activation: exploring innovative immunomodulatory approaches to mitigate neuroinflammatory progression. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1305933. [PMID: 38259497 PMCID: PMC10800801 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1305933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing life expectancy has led to a higher incidence of age-related neurodegenerative conditions. Within this framework, neuroinflammation emerges as a significant contributing factor. It involves the activation of microglia and astrocytes, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the infiltration of peripheral leukocytes into the central nervous system (CNS). These instances result in neuronal damage and neurodegeneration through activated nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathways and decreased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity. Due to limited effectiveness regarding the inhibition of neuroinflammatory targets using conventional drugs, there is challenging growth in the search for innovative therapies for alleviating neuroinflammation in CNS diseases or even before their onset. Our results indicate that interventions focusing on Interleukin-Driven Immunomodulation, Chemokine (CXC) Receptor Signaling and Expression, Cold Exposure, and Fibrin-Targeted strategies significantly promise to mitigate neuroinflammatory processes. These approaches demonstrate potential anti-neuroinflammatory effects, addressing conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Parkinson's Disease, and Alzheimer's Disease. While the findings are promising, immunomodulatory therapies often face limitations due to Immune-Related Adverse Events. Therefore, the conduction of randomized clinical trials in this matter is mandatory, and will pave the way for a promising future in the development of new medicines with specific therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Aparecido Dias
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Torres Pomini
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Machado Galhardi
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luíza Santos de Argollo Haber
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Domingos Donizeti Roque
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dib Bechara
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Tofano
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iris Jasmin Santos German Borgo
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), School of Dentistry of Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo (FOB-USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fu RH, Chen HJ, Hong SY. Glycine-Alanine Dipeptide Repeat Protein from C9-ALS Interacts with Sulfide Quinone Oxidoreductase (SQOR) to Induce the Activity of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in HMC3 Microglia: Irisflorentin Reverses This Interaction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1896. [PMID: 37891975 PMCID: PMC10604625 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal rare disease of progressive degeneration of motor neurons. The most common genetic mutation in ALS is the hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) located in the first intron of the C9orf72 gene (C9-ALS). HRE can produce dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs) such as poly glycine-alanine (GA) in a repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation. GA-DPR has been shown to be toxic to motor neurons in various biological models. However, its effects on microglia involved in C9-ALS have not been reported. Here, we show that GA-DPR (GA50) activates the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in a human HMC3 microglia model. MCC950 (specific inhibitor of the NLRP3) treatment can abrogate this activity. Next, using yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) as a GA50 interacting protein. SQOR knockdown in HMC3 cells can significantly induce the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome by upregulating the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species and the cytoplasmic escape of mitochondrial DNA. Furthermore, we obtained irisflorentin as an effective blocker of the interaction between SQOR and GA50, thus inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activity in GA50-expressing HMC3 cells. These results imply the association of GA-DPR, SQOR, and NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia and establish a treatment strategy for C9-ALS with irisflorentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Jye Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Syuan-Yu Hong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
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Ji MH, Gao YZ, Shi CN, Wu XM, Yang JJ. Acute and long-term cognitive impairment following sepsis: mechanism and prevention. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:931-943. [PMID: 37615511 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2250917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis is a severe host response to infection, which induces both acute and long-term cognitive impairment. Despite its high incidence following sepsis, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive and effective treatments are not available clinically. AREA COVERED This review focuses on elucidating the pathological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment following sepsis. Specifically, the authors discuss the role of systemic inflammation response, blood-brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal dysfunction, and Aβ accumulation and tau phosphorylation in cognitive impairment after sepsis. Additionally, they review current strategies to ameliorate cognitive impairment. EXPERT OPINION Potential interventions to reduce cognitive impairment after sepsis include earlier diagnosis and effective infection control, hemodynamic homeostasis, and adequate brain perfusion. Furthermore, interventions to reduce inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species, blood-brain barrier disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal injury or death could be beneficial. Implementing strategies to minimize delirium, sleep disturbance, stress factors, and immobility are also recommended. Furthermore, avoiding neurotoxins and implementing early rehabilitation may also be important for preventing cognitive impairment after sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Huo Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cui-Na Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Miao Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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