1
|
Sharma A, Faber H, AlGhamdi WS, Naphade D, Lin Y, Heeney M, Anthopoulos TD. Label-Free Metal-Oxide Transistor Biosensors for Metabolite Detection in Human Saliva. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306038. [PMID: 38381100 PMCID: PMC11251559 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Metabolites are essential molecules involved in various metabolic processes, and their deficiencies and excessive concentrations can trigger significant physiological consequences. The detection of multiple metabolites within a non-invasively collected biofluid could facilitate early prognosis and diagnosis of severe diseases. Here, a metal oxide heterojunction transistor (HJ-TFT) sensor is developed for the label-free, rapid detection of uric acid (UA) and 25(OH)Vitamin-D3 (Vit-D3) in human saliva. The HJ-TFTs utilize a solution-processed In2O3/ZnO channel functionalized with uricase enzyme and Vit-D3 antibody for the selective detection of UA and Vit-D3, respectively. The ultra-thin tri-channel architecture facilitates strong coupling between the electrons transported along the buried In2O3/ZnO heterointerface and the electrostatic perturbations caused by the interactions between the surface-immobilized bioreceptors and target analytes. The biosensors can detect a wide range of concentrations of UA (from 500 nm to 1000 µM) and Vit-D3 (from 100 pM to 120 nm) in human saliva within 60 s. Moreover, the biosensors exhibit good linearity with the physiological concentration of metabolites and limit of detections of ≈152 nm for UA and ≈7 pM for Vit-D3 in real saliva. The specificity is demonstrated against various interfering species, including other metabolites and proteins found in saliva, further showcasing its capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Sharma
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Hendrik Faber
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Wejdan S. AlGhamdi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Dipti Naphade
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Yen‐Hung Lin
- Department of Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong
| | - Martin Heeney
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas D. Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Thuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
- Photon Science Institute, Henry Royce InstituteDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma X, Deng L, Zou Z, Pan Z, Feng L, Huang Z, Liang Z, Liu X, Li M, Su Z, Zheng H. Novel portable photoelectrochemical sensor based on CdS/Au/TiO 2 nanotube arrays for sensitive, non-invasive, and instantaneous uric acid detection in saliva. Talanta 2024; 271:125646. [PMID: 38218058 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) monitoring is the most effective method for diagnosis and treatment of gout, hyperuricemia, hypertension, and other diseases. However, challenges remain regarding detection efficiency and rapid on-site detection. Here, we first synthesized a CdS/Au/TiO2-NTAs Z-scheme heterojunction material using a titanium dioxide nanotube array (TiO2-NTAs) as the substrate and modified with gold nanoparticles (Au) and cadmium sulfide particles (CdS). This material achieves bandgap alignment to generate a large number of electron-hole pairs under illumination. Then, using CdS/Au/TiO2-NTAs as the working electrode and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) as the recognition unit, we constructed a portable photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for non-invasive instant detection of UA concentration in human saliva, which has unique advantages in the field of high-sensitivity PEC instant detection. The portable MIP-PEC sensor achieves a linear range of 0.01-50 μM and a detection limit as low as 5.07 nM (S/N = 3). At the same time, the portable MIP-PEC sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity, specificity as well as stability, and shows no statistically significant difference compared to traditional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in practical sample detection. Compared to traditional PEC modes, this work demonstrates a novel and universal method for high-sensitivity instant detection in the field of PEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lijun Deng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ziwei Zou
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ziping Pan
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Linlin Feng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhenwu Liang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Mei Li
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Hua Zheng
- Institute of Life Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuang Yong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qin Y, Xiao D, Gao X, Zhang X, Xu Y. Nanocubic cobalt-containing Prussian blue analogue-derived carbon-coated CoFe alloy nanoparticles for noninvasive uric acid sensing. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2496-2504. [PMID: 38578053 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00121d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This work describes an electrochemical sensor for the fast noninvasive detection of uric acid (UA) in saliva. The sensing material was based on a cobalt-containing Prussian blue analogue (Na2-xCo[Fe(CN)6]1-y, PCF). By optimizing the ratio of Co and Fe as 1.5 : 1 in PCF (PCF1.5,0), particles with a regular nanocubic morphology were formed. The calcination of PCF1.5,0 produced a carbon-coated CoFe alloy (CCF1.5), which possessed abundant defects and achieved an excellent electrochemical performance. Subsequently, CCF1.5 was modified on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to fabricate the electrochemical sensor, CCF1.5/SPCE, which showed a sensitive and selective response toward salivary UA owing to its good conductivity, sufficient surface active sites and efficient catalytic activity. The determination of UA in artificial saliva achieved the wide linear range of 40 nM-30 μM and the low limit of detection (LOD) of 15.3 nM (3σ/s of 3). The performances of the sensor including its reproducibility, stability and selectivity were estimated to be satisfactory. The content of UA in human saliva was determined and the recovery was in the range of 98-107% and the total RSD was 4.14%. The results confirmed the reliability of CCF1.5/SPCE for application in noninvasive detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Institute of Advanced Study, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, P. R. China.
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Xilan Gao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xicui Zhang
- Sichuan Institute of Product Quality Supervision & Inspection, No. 16, Xinmao Street, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yanxue Xu
- Institute of Advanced Study, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song Y, Tian C, Lee Y, Yoon M, Yoon SE, Cho SY. Nanosensor Chemical Cytometry: Advances and Opportunities in Cellular Therapy and Precision Medicine. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:393-403. [PMID: 38145025 PMCID: PMC10740128 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
With the definition of therapeutics now encompassing transplanted or engineered cells and their molecular products, there is a growing scientific necessity for analytics to understand this new category of drugs. This Perspective highlights the recent development of new measurement science on label-free single cell analysis, nanosensor chemical cytometry (NCC), and their potential for cellular therapeutics and precision medicine. NCC is based on microfluidics integrated with fluorescent nanosensor arrays utilizing the optical lensing effect of a single cell to real-time extract molecular properties and correlate them with physical attributes of single cells. This new class of cytometry can quantify the heterogeneity of the multivariate physicochemical attributes of the cell populations in a completely label-free and nondestructive way and, thus, suggest the vein-to-vein conditions for the safe therapeutic applications. After the introduction of the NCC technology, we suggest the technological development roadmap for the maturation of the new field: from the sensor/chip design perspective to the system/software development level based on hardware automation and deep learning data analytics. The advancement of this new single cell sensing technology is anticipated to aid rich and multivariate single cell data setting and support safe and reliable cellular therapeutics. This new measurement science can lead to data-driven personalized precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Song
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyu Tian
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yullim Lee
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyeong Yoon
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Yoon
- Division
of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Cho
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yadav A, Patil R, Dutta S. Advanced Self-Powered Biofuel Cells with Capacitor and Nanogenerator for Biomarker Sensing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4060-4080. [PMID: 37787456 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-powered biofuel cells (BFCs) have evolved for highly sensitive detection of biomarkers such as noncodon micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in the presence of interfering substrates. Self-charging supercapacitive BFCs for in vivo and in vitro cellular microenvironments represent the most prevalent sensing mechanism for diagnosis. Therefore, self-powered biosensing (SPB) with a capacitor and contact separation with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) offers electrochemical and colorimetric dual-mode detection via improved electrical signal intensity. In this review, we discuss three major components: stretchable self-powered BFC design, miRNA sensing, and impedance spectroscopy. A specific focus is given to 1) assembling of sensors for biomarkers, 2) electrical output signal intensification, and 3) role of supercapacitors and nanogenerators in SPBs. We outline the key features of stretchable SPBs and the sequence of miRNA sensing by SPBs. We have emphasized the need of a supercapacitor and nanogenerator for SPBs in the context of advanced assembly of the sensing unit. Finally, we outline the role of impedance spectroscopy in the detection and estimation of biomarkers. We highlight key challenges in SPBs for biomarker sensing, which needs improved sensing accuracy, integration strategies of electrochemical biosensing for in vitro and in vivo microenvironments, and the impact of miRNA sensing on cancer diagnostics. This article attempts a specific focus on the accuracy and limitations of sensing unit for miRNA biomarkers and associated tool for boosting electrical signal intensity for a potential big step further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anubha Yadav
- Electrochemical Energy & Sensor Research Laboratory Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research & Studies, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Patil
- Electrochemical Energy & Sensor Research Laboratory Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research & Studies, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saikat Dutta
- Electrochemical Energy & Sensor Research Laboratory Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research & Studies, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cicero AFG, Fogacci F, Di Micoli V, Angeloni C, Giovannini M, Borghi C. Purine Metabolism Dysfunctions: Experimental Methods of Detection and Diagnostic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087027. [PMID: 37108190 PMCID: PMC10138451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purines, such as adenine and guanine, perform several important functions in the cell. They are found in nucleic acids; are structural components of some coenzymes, including NADH and coenzyme A; and have a crucial role in the modulation of energy metabolism and signal transduction. Moreover, purines have been shown to play an important role in the physiology of platelets, muscles, and neurotransmission. All cells require a balanced number of purines for growth, proliferation, and survival. Under physiological conditions, enzymes involved in purines metabolism maintain a balanced ratio between their synthesis and degradation in the cell. In humans, the final product of purine catabolism is uric acid, while most other mammals possess the enzyme uricase that converts uric acid to allantoin, which can be easily eliminated with urine. During the last decades, hyperuricemia has been associated with a number of human extra-articular diseases (in particular, the cardiovascular ones) and their clinical severity. In this review, we go through the methods of investigation of purine metabolism dysfunctions, looking at the functionality of xanthine oxidoreductase and the formation of catabolites in urine and saliva. Finally, we discuss how these molecules can be used as markers of oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Micoli
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stozhko NY, Khamzina EI, Bukharinova MA, Tarasov AV. An Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Paper Modified with Graphite Powder for Sensitive Determination of Sunset Yellow and Tartrazine in Drinks. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114092. [PMID: 35684711 PMCID: PMC9185310 DOI: 10.3390/s22114092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The paper describes the development of an electrochemical sensor to be used for the determination of synthetic food colorants such as Sunset Yellow FCF (SY) and Tartrazine (TZ). The sensor is a carbon paper (CP) electrode, manufactured by using hot lamination technology and volume modified with fine-grained graphite powder (GrP). The sensor (GrP/CP) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, electrochemical impedance analysis, cyclic, linear sweep and differential pulse voltammetry. The mechanism of SY and TZ electrochemical oxidation on GrP/CP was studied. The developed sensor has good electron transfer characteristics and low electron resistance, high sensitivity and selectivity. Applying the differential pulse mode, linear dynamic ranges of 0.005–1.0 μM and 0.02–7.5 μM with limits of detection of 0.78 nM and 8.2 nM for SY and TZ, respectively, were obtained. The sensor was used to detect SY and TZ in non-alcoholic and alcoholic drinks. The results obtained from drink analysis prove good reproducibility (RSD ≤ 0.072) and accuracy (recovery 96–104%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Yu. Stozhko
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ural State University of Economics, 8 Marta St. 62, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ekaterina I. Khamzina
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ural State University of Economics, 8 Marta St. 62, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia;
- Scientific and Innovation Center of Sensor Technologies, Ural State University of Economics, 8 Marta St. 62, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (M.A.B.); (A.V.T.)
| | - Maria A. Bukharinova
- Scientific and Innovation Center of Sensor Technologies, Ural State University of Economics, 8 Marta St. 62, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (M.A.B.); (A.V.T.)
| | - Aleksey V. Tarasov
- Scientific and Innovation Center of Sensor Technologies, Ural State University of Economics, 8 Marta St. 62, 620144 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (M.A.B.); (A.V.T.)
| |
Collapse
|