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Ge ZB, Chen MM, Xie WY, Huang K, Zhao FJ, Wang P. Natural Microbial Reactor-Based Sensing Platform for Highly Sensitive Detection of Inorganic Arsenic in Rice Grains. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11467-11474. [PMID: 37462477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a major dietary source of inorganic arsenic (iAs), a highly toxic arsenical that accumulates in rice and poses health risks to rice-based populations. However, the availability of detection methods for iAs in rice grains is limited. In this study, we developed a novel approach utilizing a natural bacterial biosensor, Escherichia coli AW3110 (pBB-ArarsR-mCherry), in conjunction with amylase hydrolysis for efficient extraction, enabling high-throughput and quantitative detection of iAs in rice grains. The biosensor exhibits high specificity for arsenic and distinguishes between arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] by modulating the concentration of PO43- in the detection system. We determined the iAs concentrations in 19 rice grain samples with varying total As concentrations and compared our method with the standard technique of microwave digestion coupled with HPLC-ICP-MS. Both methods exhibited comparable results, without no significant bias in the concentrations of As(III) and As(V). The whole-cell biosensor demonstrated excellent reproducibility and a high signal-to-noise ratio, achieving a limit of detection of 16 μg kg-1 [As(III)] and 29 μg kg-1 [As(V)]. These values are considerably lower than the maximum allowable level (100 μg kg-1) for infant rice supplements established by the European Union. Our straightforward sensing strategy presents a promising tool for detecting iAs in other food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Biao Ge
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming-Ming Chen
- Centre for Agriculture and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wan-Ying Xie
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Centre for Agriculture and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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2
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Wu Y, Zhang T, Su L, Wu X. Electrodeposited rGO/AuNP/MnO 2 Nanocomposite-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Sensitive Electrochemical Sensing of Arsenic(III) in Water. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050563. [PMID: 37232924 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a simple and portable electrochemical sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticle/manganese dioxide (rGO/AuNP/MnO2) nanocomposite-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was constructed by the facile stepwise electrodeposition method and used for electrochemical detection of As(III). The resultant electrode was characterized for its morphological, structural, and electrochemical properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). From the morphologic structure, it can be clearly observed that the AuNPs and MnO2 alone or their hybrid were densely deposited or entrapped in thin rGO sheets on the porous carbon surface, which may favor the electro-adsorption of As(III) on the modified SPCE. It is interesting that the nanohybrid modification endows the electrode with a significant decrease in charge transfer resistance and an increase in electroactive specific surface area, which dramatically increases the electro-oxidation current of As(III). This improved sensing ability was ascribed to the synergistic effect of gold nanoparticles with excellent electrocatalytic property and reduced graphene oxide with good electrical conductivity, as well as the involvement of manganese dioxide with a strong adsorption property in the electrochemical reduction of As(III). Under optimized conditions, the sensor can detect As(III) via square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) with a low limit of detection of 2.4 μg L-1 and a linear range of 25-200 μg L-1. The proposed portable sensor shows the advantages of a simple preparation procedure, low cost, good repeatability, and long-term stability. The feasibility of rGO/AuNPs/MnO2/SPCE for detecting As(III) in real water was further verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Ministry of Education & Fujian Province), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Ministry of Education & Fujian Province), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Lishen Su
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Ministry of Education & Fujian Province), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Ministry of Education & Fujian Province), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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3
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Yu Y, Xie Z, Yang J, Yang R, Li Y, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Yang Q, Chen J, Alwathnani HA, Feng R, Rensing C, Herzberg M. Citrobacter portucalensis Sb-2 contains a metalloid resistance determinant transmitted by Citrobacter phage Chris1. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130184. [PMID: 36270189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial adaptation to extreme environments is often mediated by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) via genetic mobile elements. Nevertheless, phage-mediated HGT conferring bacterial arsenic resistance determinants has rarely been investigated. In this study, a highly arsenite and antimonite resistant bacterium, Citrobacter portucalensis strain Sb-2, was isolated, and genome analysis showed that several putative arsenite and antimonite resistance determinants were flanked or embedded in prophages. Furthermore, an active bacteriophage carrying one of the ars clusters (arsRDABC arsR-yraQ/arsP) was obtained and sequenced. These genes encoding putative arsenic resistance determinants were induced by arsenic and antimony as demonstrated by RT-qPCR, and one gene arsP/yraQ of the ars cluster was shown to give resistance to MAs(III) and Rox(III), thereby showing function. Here, we were able to directly show that these phage-mediated arsenic and antimony resistances play a significant role in adapting to As- and Sb-contaminated environments. In addition, we demonstrate that this phage is responsible for conferring arsenic and antimony resistances to C. portucalensis strain Sb-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuang Yu
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhenchen Xie
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jigang Yang
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ruixiang Yang
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yuanping Li
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yongguan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanlin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Qiue Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jichen Chen
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Hend A Alwathnani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renwei Feng
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China.
| | - Martin Herzberg
- Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Biology/Microbiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle(Saale), Germany
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4
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Zhou Q, Zhang J, Chen J. Methylation of arsenic differs with substrates in Arcticibacter tournemirensis R1 from an As-contaminated paddy soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156527. [PMID: 35679924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic can be methylated by arsenite (As(III)) S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferases (ArsMs) among various kingdoms of life. The intermediate product methylarsenite (MAs(III)) is highly toxic and can be utilized as an antibiotic by some microbes. ArsM gene is widely distributed in the members of every kingdom from bacteria to humans and displays a high diversity of sequence. Based on arsenic methylating capacity, ArsM proteins can be divided into two phylogenetically distinct clades (Groups 1 and 2). In this study, we show that Arcticibacter tournemirensis R1 isolated from arsenic contaminated paddy soil is resistant to both As(III) and MAs(III), but exhibits different methylation activities for As(III) and MAs(III). The A. tournemirensis R1 shows low As(III) methylation activity and produces an unknown arsenic compound. In contrast, it shows high methylation activity with MAs(III), with the main product of dimethylarsenate (DMAs(V)). An AtarsM gene is found in ars operon of A. tournemirensis R1 genome and is regulated by an atypical transcriptional repressor ArsR. Expressed in Escherichia coli AtArsM confers resistance to As(III) and MAs(III). Both in vivo and in vitro assays show that AtArsM methylates As(III) and MAs(III) to dimethyl- and trimethyl‑arsenicals. AtArsM has four conserved cysteine residues, which are present in most ArsMs and can be classified into phylogenetic group 2 family, producing trimethylated arsenic metabolites. The high arsenic methylation and volatilization activity of AtArsM provides a potential strategy for arsenic bioremediation. The methylation activity differs with As(III) and MAs(III) in A. tournemirensis R1 indicates that there may have different detoxification mechanisms for As(III) and MAs(III), which are worth investigating in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhou
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
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5
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Maleki F, Shahpiri A. Efficient and specific bioaccumulation of arsenic in the transgenic Escherichia coli expressing ArsR1 from Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biometals 2022; 35:889-901. [PMID: 35767097 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The toxic nature of arsenic has left a trail of disastrous health consequences around the world. Microorganisms have developed various strategies to deal with arsenic. The presence of plasmid and chromosomal ars operons is one of the most important mechanisms for the detoxification of arsenic in bacteria. ArsR is a trans-acting regulatory protein and acts as a repressor on ars operon. The gene encoding ArsR from Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgArsR1) was cloned in expression vectors pET28a. The resulting constructs were transformed into Escherichia coli strains Rosetta (DE3) and Rosetta gami 2. Following the induction with Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, the protein His-CgArsR1 was found in the soluble fraction of strain Rg-CgArsR1. For comparison, ArsR from E. coli was also overexpressed in E. coli (strain Rosetta gami 2) as His-EcArsR. A strain containing empty vector pET28a was also used as a control strain. In the medium containing either arsenite (0.5 mM) or arsenate (0.5 mM), the strain Rg-CgArsR1 and Rg-EcArsR were able to accumulate 1200 and 700 µg/g DCW As3+, respectively. In comparison, the accumulation of As5+ in these strains was 338 and 232 µg/g DCW, respectively. Whereas both strains Rg-CgArsR1 and Rg-EcArsR were able to accumulate higher amounts of As3+ and As5+ with respect to control strain, the accumulation of arsenic in the strain Rg-CgArsR1 was significantly more efficient than strain Rg-EcArsR for removing As3+ and As5+. Based on the results the gene encoding CgArsR1 is a useful and efficient target gene for the modification of bacteria for bioremediation of arsenic from polluted soil and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maleki
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azar Shahpiri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran.
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6
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Gahlaut A, Kharewal T, Verma N, Hooda V. Cell-free arsenic biosensors with applied nanomaterials: critical analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:525. [PMID: 35737169 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a ubiquitously found metalloid in our ecosystem because of natural and anthropogenic activities. People exposed to a higher level of arsenic become susceptible to several disorders, including cancer. According to current statistics, the population chronically exposed to arsenic has surpassed 200 million. Therefore, its detection in our environment is of great importance. There are many analytical techniques for the assessment of arsenic in different kinds of environmental samples. Among these techniques, the biosensor is considered a convenient platform and a widely applied analytical device for rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis in the field of environmental monitoring, food safety, and disease diagnosis. Today, there is a trend of including nanomaterials in sensors and biosensors because it empowers researchers to explore new arsenic detection methods and to enhance their analytical capabilities. In this review article, we summarized the latest developments in arsenic biosensors in particular with emphasis on the works based on cell-free approaches that are protein/enzyme-based, DNA-based, and aptamer-based utilizing various transduction platforms. In the meantime, we compared the capabilities that were related to these cell-free arsenic biosensors. This review article also highlights the development and application of novel nanomaterials for arsenic detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjum Gahlaut
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Tannu Kharewal
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Verma
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Hooda
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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7
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Current knowledge on molecular mechanisms of microorganism-mediated bioremediation for arsenic contamination: A review. Microbiol Res 2022; 258:126990. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.126990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Zhang J, Li YN, Chen J, Yan Y, Rosen BP, Zhao FJ. ArsZ from Ensifer adhaerens ST2 is a novel methylarsenite oxidase. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:3013-3021. [PMID: 35355385 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Trivalent methylarsenite (MAs(III)) produced by biomethylation is more toxic than inorganic arsenite (As(III)). Hence, MAs(III) has been proposed to be a primordial antibiotic. Other bacteria evolved mechanisms to detoxify MAs(III). In this study, the molecular mechanisms of MAs(III) resistance of Ensifer adhaerens ST2 were investigated. In the chromosome of E. adhaerens ST2 is a gene encoding a protein of unknown function. Here we show that this gene, designated arsZ, encodes a novel MAs(III) oxidase that confers resistance by oxidizing highly toxic MAs(III) to relatively nontoxic MAs(V). Two other genes, arsRK, are adjacent to arsZ but are divergently encoded in the opposite direction. Heterologous expression of arsZ in Escherichia coli confers resistance to MAs(III) but not to As(III). Purified ArsZ catalyzes thioredoxin- and NAPD+ -dependent oxidation of MAs(III). Mutational analysis of ArsZ suggests that Cys59 and Cys123 are involved in oxidation of MAs(III). Expression of arsZ, arsR and arsK genes is induced by MAs(III) and As(III), and is likely controlled by the ArsR transcriptional repressor. These results demonstrate that ArsZ is a novel MAs(III) oxidase that contributes to E. adhaerens tolerance to environmental organoarsenicals. The arsZRK operon is widely present in bacteria within the Rhizobiaceae family. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan-Ning Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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9
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A New Strategy for As(V) Biosensing Based on the Inhibition of the Phosphatase Activity of the Arsenate Reductase from Thermus thermophilus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062942. [PMID: 35328363 PMCID: PMC8949286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) pollution is a widespread problem worldwide. In recent years, biosensors based on enzymatic inhibition have been developed for arsenic detection, making the study of the effect of inhibitors on the selected enzymatic activity crucial for their setup. The arsenate reductase of Thermus thermophilus HB27, TtArsC, reduces As(V) into As(III), but is also endowed with phosphatase activity. This work investigates the inhibitory effects of As(V) and As(III) on phosphatase activity by taking advantage of a simple colorimetric assay; the results show that both of them are non-competitive inhibitors affecting the Vmax but not the KM of the reaction. However, their Ki values are different from each other (15.2 ± 1.6 μM for As(V) and 394.4 ± 40.3 µm with As(III)), indicating a higher inhibitory effect by As(V). Moreover, the inhibition-based biosystem results to be selective for As(V) since several other metal ions and salts do not affect TtArsC phosphatase activity; it exhibits a sensitivity of 0.53 ± 0.03 mU/mg/μM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.28 ± 0.02 μM. The good sensitivity and specificity for As(V) point to consider inhibition of TtArsC phosphatase activity for the setup of a novel biosensor for the detection of As(V).
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10
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Chen J, Galván AE, Nadar VS, Yoshinaga M, Rosen BP. An ArsRC fusion protein enhances arsenate sensing and detoxification. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:1977-1987. [PMID: 35229439 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arsenical resistance (ars) operons encode genes for arsenic resistance and biotransformation. The majority are composed of individual genes, but fusion of ars genes is not uncommon, although it is not clear if the fused gene products are functional. Here we report identification of a four-gene ars operon from Paracoccus sp. SY that has two arsR-arsC gene fusions. ArsRC1 and ArsRC2 are related proteins that consist of an N-terminal ArsR arsenite (As(III))-responsive repressor with a C-terminal ArsC arsenate reductase. The other two genes in the operon are gapdh and arsJ. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, forms 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate (1As3PGA) from 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde and arsenate (As(V)), ArsJ is an efflux permease for 1As3PGA that dissociates into extracellular As(V) and 3-phosphoglycerate. The net effect is As(V) extrusion and resistance. ArsRs are usually selective for As(III) and do not respond to As(V). However, the substrates and products of this operon are pentavalent, which would not be inducers of the operon. We propose that ArsRC fusions overcome this limitation by channelling the ArsC product into the ArsR binding site without diffusion through the cytosol, a de facto mechanism for As(V) induction. This novel mechanism for arsenate sensing can confer an evolutionary advantage for detoxification of inorganic arsenate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Adriana E Galván
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Venkadesh Sarkarai Nadar
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Masafumi Yoshinaga
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
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11
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Design and Prototyping of Genetically Encoded Arsenic Biosensors Based on Transcriptional Regulator AfArsR. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091276. [PMID: 34572489 PMCID: PMC8470949 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically encoded biosensors based on engineered fluorescent proteins (FPs) are essential tools for monitoring the dynamics of specific ions and molecules in biological systems. Arsenic ion in the +3 oxidation state (As3+) is highly toxic to cells due to its ability to bind to protein thiol groups, leading to inhibition of protein function, disruption of protein–protein interactions, and eventually to cell death. A genetically encoded biosensor for the detection of As3+ could potentially facilitate the investigation of such toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we designed and developed two prototype genetically encoded arsenic biosensors (GEARs), based on a bacterial As3+ responsive transcriptional factor AfArsR from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. We constructed FRET-based GEAR biosensors by insertion of AfArsR between FP acceptor/donor FRET pairs. We further designed and engineered single FP-based GEAR biosensors by insertion of AfArsR into GFP. These constructs represent prototypes for a new family of biosensors based on the ArsR transcriptional factor scaffold. Further improvements of the GEAR biosensor family could lead to variants with suitable performance for detection of As3+ in various biological and environmental systems.
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12
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Characterization of Arsenic-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae RnASA11 from Contaminated Soil and Water Samples and Its Bioremediation Potential. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:3258-3267. [PMID: 34230990 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02602-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization and intensive agriculture activities have led to a rise in heavy metal contamination all over the world. Chhattisgarh (India) being an industrial state, the soil and water are thickly contaminated with heavy metals, especially from arsenic (As). In the present study, we isolated 108 arsenic-resistant bacteria (both from soil and water) from different arsenic-contaminated industrial and mining sites of Chhattisgarh to explore the bacterial gene pool. Further, we screened 24 potential isolates out of 108 for their ability to tolerate a high level of arsenic. The sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of bacterial isolates revealed that all these samples belong to different diverse genera including Bacillus, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Pantoea, Acinetobacter, Cronobacter, Pseudomonas and Agrobacterium. The metal tolerance ability was determined by amplification of arsB (arsenite efflux gene) and arsC (arsenate reductase gene) from chromosomal DNA of isolated RnASA11, which was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae through in silico analysis. The bacterial strains RpSWA2 and RnASA11 were found to tolerate 600 mM As (V) and 30 mM As (III) but the growth of strain RpSWA2 was slower than RnASA11. Furthermore, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) of the sample obtained from bioremediation assay revealed that Klebsiella pneumoniae RnASA11 was able to reduce the arsenic concentration significantly in the presence of arsenate (44%) and arsenite (38.8%) as compared to control.
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13
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Viswanathan T, Chen J, Wu M, An L, Kandavelu P, Sankaran B, Radhakrishnan M, Li M, Rosen BP. Functional and structural characterization of AntR, an Sb(III) responsive transcriptional repressor. Mol Microbiol 2021; 116:427-437. [PMID: 33786926 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The ant operon of the antimony-mining bacterium Comamonas testosterone JL40 confers resistance to Sb(III). The operon is transcriptionally regulated by the product of the first gene in the operon, antR. AntR is a member of ArsR/SmtB family of metal/metalloid-responsive repressors resistance. We purified and characterized C. testosterone AntR and demonstrated that it responds to metalloids in the order Sb(III) = methylarsenite (MAs(III) >> As(III)). The protein was crystallized, and the structure was solved at 2.1 Å resolution. The homodimeric structure of AntR adopts a classical ArsR/SmtB topology architecture. The protein has five cysteine residues, of which Cys103a from one monomer and Cys113b from the other monomer, are proposed to form one Sb(III) binding site, and Cys113a and Cys103b forming a second binding site. This is the first report of the structure and binding properties of a transcriptional repressor with high selectivity for environmental antimony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiruselvam Viswanathan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Minghan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lijin An
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Palani Kandavelu
- SER-CAT and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Manohar Radhakrishnan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mingshun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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14
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Flagellin-based electrochemical sensing layer for arsenic detection in water. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3497. [PMID: 33568718 PMCID: PMC7876115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular monitoring of arsenic concentrations in water sources is essential due to the severe health effects. Our goal was to develop a rapidly responding, sensitive and stable sensing layer for the detection of arsenic. We have designed flagellin-based arsenic binding proteins capable of forming stable filament structures with high surface binding site densities. The D3 domain of Salmonella typhimurium flagellin was replaced with an arsenic-binding peptide motif of different bacterial ArsR transcriptional repressor factors. We have shown that the fusion proteins developed retain their polymerization ability and have thermal stability similar to that of wild-type filament. The strong arsenic binding capacity of the monomeric proteins was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and dissociation constants (Kd) of a few hundred nM were obtained for all three variants. As-binding fibers were immobilized on the surface of a gold electrode and used as a working electrode in cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments to detect inorganic arsenic near the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) level. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the stable arsenic-binding flagellin variant can be used as a rapidly responding, sensitive, but simple sensing layer in a field device for the MAC-level detection of arsenic in natural waters.
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15
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Cozannet M, Borrel G, Roussel E, Moalic Y, Allioux M, Sanvoisin A, Toffin L, Alain K. New Insights into the Ecology and Physiology of Methanomassiliicoccales from Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments. Microorganisms 2020; 9:E30. [PMID: 33374130 PMCID: PMC7824343 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the archaeal order Methanomassiliicoccales are methanogens mainly associated with animal digestive tracts. However, environmental members remain poorly characterized as no representatives not associated with a host have been cultivated so far. In this study, metabarcoding screening combined with quantitative PCR analyses on a collection of diverse non-host-associated environmental samples revealed that Methanomassiliicoccales were very scarce in most terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Relative abundance of Methanomassiliicoccales and substrates/products of methanogenesis were monitored during incubation of environmental slurries. A sediment slurry enriched in Methanomassiliicoccales was obtained from a freshwater sample. It allowed the reconstruction of a high-quality metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) corresponding to a new candidate species, for which we propose the name of Candidatus 'Methanomassiliicoccus armoricus MXMAG1'. Comparison of the annotated genome of MXMAG1 with the published genomes and MAGs from Methanomassiliicoccales belonging to the 2 known clades ('free-living'/non-host-associated environmental clade and 'host-associated'/digestive clade) allowed us to explore the putative physiological traits of Candidatus 'M. armoricus MXMAG1'. As expected, Ca. 'Methanomassiliicoccus armoricus MXMAG1' had the genetic potential to produce methane by reduction of methyl compounds and dihydrogen oxidation. This MAG encodes for several putative physiological and stress response adaptations, including biosynthesis of trehalose (osmotic and temperature regulations), agmatine production (pH regulation), and arsenic detoxication, by reduction and excretion of arsenite, a mechanism that was only present in the 'free-living' clade. An analysis of co-occurrence networks carried out on environmental samples and slurries also showed that Methanomassiliicoccales detected in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were strongly associated with acetate and dihydrogen producing bacteria commonly found in digestive habitats and which have been reported to form syntrophic relationships with methanogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Cozannet
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes LM2E, Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRP 1211 MicrobSea, UMR 6197, IUEM, Rue Dumont d’Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.C.); (E.R.); (Y.M.); (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Guillaume Borrel
- Unit Evolutionary Biology of the Microbial Cell, Department of Microbiology, Institute Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Erwan Roussel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes LM2E, Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRP 1211 MicrobSea, UMR 6197, IUEM, Rue Dumont d’Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.C.); (E.R.); (Y.M.); (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Yann Moalic
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes LM2E, Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRP 1211 MicrobSea, UMR 6197, IUEM, Rue Dumont d’Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.C.); (E.R.); (Y.M.); (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Maxime Allioux
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes LM2E, Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRP 1211 MicrobSea, UMR 6197, IUEM, Rue Dumont d’Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.C.); (E.R.); (Y.M.); (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Amandine Sanvoisin
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes LM2E, Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRP 1211 MicrobSea, UMR 6197, IUEM, Rue Dumont d’Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.C.); (E.R.); (Y.M.); (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Laurent Toffin
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes LM2E, Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRP 1211 MicrobSea, UMR 6197, IUEM, Rue Dumont d’Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.C.); (E.R.); (Y.M.); (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Karine Alain
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes LM2E, Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRP 1211 MicrobSea, UMR 6197, IUEM, Rue Dumont d’Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France; (M.C.); (E.R.); (Y.M.); (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.T.)
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16
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Kim H, Jeon Y, Lee W, Jang G, Yoon Y. Shifting the Specificity of E. coli Biosensor from Inorganic Arsenic to Phenylarsine Oxide through Genetic Engineering. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3093. [PMID: 32486164 PMCID: PMC7309064 DOI: 10.3390/s20113093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been discovered that organic and inorganic arsenics could be detrimental to human health. Although organic arsenic is less toxic than inorganic arsenic, it could form inorganic arsenic through chemical and biological processes in environmental systems. In this regard, the availability of tools for detecting organic arsenic species would be beneficial. Because As-sensing biosensors employing arsenic responsive genetic systems are regulated by ArsR which detects arsenics, the target selectivity of biosensors could be obtained by modulating the selectivity of ArsR. In this study, we demonstrated a shift in the specificity of E. coli cell-based biosensors from the detection of inorganic arsenic to that of organic arsenic, specifically phenylarsine oxide (PAO), through the genetic engineering of ArsR. By modulating the number and location of cysteines forming coordinate covalent bonds with arsenic species, an E. coli cell-based biosensor that was specific to PAO was obtained. Despite its restriction to PAO at the moment, it offers invaluable evidence of the potential to generate new biosensors for sensing organic arsenic species through the genetic engineering of ArsR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.K.); (Y.J.); (W.L.)
| | - Yangwon Jeon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.K.); (Y.J.); (W.L.)
| | - Woonwoo Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.K.); (Y.J.); (W.L.)
| | - Geupil Jang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Youngdae Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.K.); (Y.J.); (W.L.)
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17
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Lee W, Kim H, Jang G, Kim BG, Yoon Y. Antimony sensing whole-cell bioreporters derived from ArsR genetic engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2691-2699. [PMID: 32002600 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Despite the known hazardous effects of antimony (Sb) on human health, Sb monitoring biosensors have not been as actively investigated as arsenic (As) biosensors. Whole-cell bioreporters (WCBs) employing an arsenic-responsive operon and a regulatory protein (ArsR) are reportedly capable of monitoring arsenite, arsenate, and antimonite. However, the potential of WCBs as Sb biosensors has been largely ignored. Here, the metal-binding site of ArsR (sequenced as ELCVCDLCTA from amino acid number 30 to 39) was modified via genetic engineering to enhance Sb specificity. By relocating cysteine residues and introducing point mutations, nine ArsR mutants were generated and tested for metal(loid) ion specificity. The Sb specificity of WCBs was enhanced by the C37S/A39C and L36C/C37S mutations on the As binding site of ArsR. Additionally, WCBs with other ArsR mutants exhibited new target sensing capabilities toward Cd and Pb. Although further research is required to enhance the specificity and sensitivity of WCBs and to broaden their practical applications, our proposed strategy based on genetic engineering of regulatory proteins provides a valuable basis to generate WCBs to monitor novel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woonwoo Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Geupil Jang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Kim
- Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdae Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Chen X, Jiang X, Tie C, Yoo J, Wang Y, Xu M, Sun G, Guo J, Li X. Contribution of nonconsensus base pairs within ArsR binding sequences toward ArsR-DNA binding and arsenic-mediated transcriptional induction. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:53. [PMID: 31182975 PMCID: PMC6555750 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A transcriptional reporter is the key component in bacterial biosensors which are employed to monitor the induction or repression of a reporter gene corresponding to environmental change. Interaction of a transcription factor with its consensus sequence generated by using a position weight matrix (PWM) model is crucial for its sensitivity of the reporter. However, recent studies suggest that PWM model based on independent contribution of individual consensus base pairs to protein interaction is often insufficient to explain complex regulation, such as the effect of nonconsensus sequences on the protein-DNA binding affinity. In the present study, we employed a simpler prokaryotic arsenic repressor (ArsR) regulation system to access the protein-DNA recognition. Contribution of nonconsensus base pairs within ArsR binding sequences toward ArsR-DNA binding and arsenic-mediated transcriptional induction was studied. Results We constructed a series of arsenic responsive reporters, each comprising two copies of the ArsR binding sequences from different resources. We found that high arsenic-mediated induction specifically requires the binding sequence from Escherichia coli to be placed at the first binding sequence; however, no such preference was observed for the second binding sequence, which could be from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, plasmid R773, Synechococcus, or a core binding sequence of arsR. By creating a series of reporters differed at the nonconsensus base pairs of the second binding sequence, we observed that some constructs bound weakly while others strongly to ArsR. Most interestingly, although a number of these reporters showed similar binding affinity to ArsR, their arsenic-dependent induction differed significantly. Conclusions The results indicated that nonconsensus base pairs could have profound influence on protein binding and may also modulate post-binding function. These findings provide new insights into the complex regulation of gene expression and facilitate the development of transcriptional reporter-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Chen
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- 4Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA USA
| | - Cuijuan Tie
- 4Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA USA
| | - Jinnon Yoo
- 4Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA USA
| | - Yan Wang
- 3Science and Technology Library of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Institute of Science and Technology Information and Development Strategy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiying Xu
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Guo
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianqiang Li
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China.,4Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA USA
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19
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Chen J, Zhang J, Rosen BP. Role of ArsEFG in Roxarsone and Nitarsone Detoxification and Resistance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:6182-6191. [PMID: 31059239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organoarsenical biotransformations are important components of the global cycling of arsenic. Roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxybenzenearsenate or Rox(V)) and nitarsone (4-nitrobenzene arsenate or Nit(V)) are synthetic aromatic organoarsenicals used in the poultry industry as additives to prevent coccidiosis and improve feed efficiency. Here, we describe a novel pathway of resistance to roxarsone and nitarsone involving biotransformation of their trivalent forms (Rox(III)) and (Nit(III)) to the trivalent organoarsenicals HAPA(III) and pAsA(III), coupled to active extrusion of the aromatic aminobenezylarsenicals from the cells. The arsE, arsF, and arsG were cloned from the arsenic island in the chromosome of Shewanella putrefaciens 200. When expressed in Escherichia coli together, but not alone, arsEFG conferred resistance to Rox(III) and Nit(III) and decreased the accumulation of both. The cells transformed Rox(III) or Nit(III) to HAPA(III) or pAsA(III) by reducing the nitro group to an amine. Everted membrane vesicles from cells expressing arsG accumulated HAPA(III) or pAsA(III). Our data indicate that ArsE and ArsF together reduce Rox(III) or Nit(III) to HAPA(III) or pAsA(III), which are extruded from the cells by the efflux permease ArsG. Identification of the coupled pathway of ArsE, ArsF, and ArsG catalysis is a molecular description of a novel pathway for resistance to roxarsone and nitarsone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine , Florida International University , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine , Florida International University , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine , Florida International University , Miami , Florida 33199 , United States
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20
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Prabaharan C, Kandavelu P, Packianathan C, Rosen BP, Thiyagarajan S. Structures of two ArsR As(III)-responsive transcriptional repressors: Implications for the mechanism of derepression. J Struct Biol 2019; 207:209-217. [PMID: 31136796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
ArsR As(III)-responsive transcriptional repressors, members of the ArsR/SmtB family of metalloregulatory proteins, have been characterized biochemically but, to date, no As(III)-bound structure has been solved. Here we report two crystal structures of ArsR repressors from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (AfArsR) and Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgArsR) in the As(III)-bound form. AfArsR crystallized in P21 space group and diffracted up to 1.86 Å. CgArsR crystallized in P212121 and diffracted up to 1.6 Å. AfArsR showed one As(III) bound in one subunit of the homodimer, while the CgArsR structure showed two As(III) bound with S3 coordination, one in each monomer. Previous studies indicated that in AfArsR As(III) binds to Cys95, Cys96 and Cys102 from the same monomer, while, in CgArsR, to Cys15, Cys16 from one monomer and Cys55 from the other monomer. The dimer interfaces of these structures showed distinct differences from other members of the ArsR/SmtB family of proteins, which potentially renders multiple options for evolving metal(loid) binding sites in this family of proteins. Also, CgArsR presents a new α2-N binding site, not the previously predicted α3-N site. Despite differences in the location of the binding cysteines in the primary sequences of these proteins, the two metal binding sites are almost congruent on their structures, an example of convergent evolution. Analyses of the electrostatic surface of the proteins at the DNA binding domain indicate that there two different modes of derepression in the ArsR/SmtB family of metalloregulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palani Kandavelu
- SER-CAT, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Charles Packianathan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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Electrochemical Fingerprint of Arsenic (III) by Using Hybrid Nanocomposite-Based Platforms. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19102279. [PMID: 31108857 PMCID: PMC6567353 DOI: 10.3390/s19102279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic, one of the most abundant mineral and also one to the most toxic compounds. Due to its high toxicity sensitive analytical methods are highly important, taking into account that the admitted level is in the range of µg L-1. A novel and easy to use platform for As(III) detection from water samples is proposed, based on gold and platinum bi metallic nanoparticles and a conductive polymer (polyaniline). The electrochemical detection was achieved after optimization of cathodic pre-concentration and stripping parameters by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry at modified screen-printed carbon-based electrochemical cells, proving its applicability for disposable and cost-effective in situ analysis of arsenic.
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22
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Wasito H, Fatoni A, Hermawan D, Susilowati SS. Immobilized bacterial biosensor for rapid and effective monitoring of acute toxicity in water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 170:205-209. [PMID: 30529914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of biosensors by using microorganisms such as bacteria have short life cycles and provide other advantages. One colorimetric biosensor technique that has been developed is the use of a biosensor utilizing the incorporation of Prussian blue formation reactions mediated by E. coli bioreactors with ferricyanide. Immobilization is a method that allows the bacteria can be used for long-term without reducing its ability as bioreceptor. This study aimed to develop a novel and rapid immobilized bacterial biosensor for the detection of toxic compound in water and to evaluate their analytical performances. Immobilization of E. coli performed by trapping method using alginate material support. The bacterial suspension was mixed with sodium alginate (1:1 v/v), and the mixture was continuously dropped in CaCl2 solution to be a form of beads. The beads were used as bioreceptor to detect toxicants regarding cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium and lead solutions with Prussian blue as a colorimetric indicator. The linearity and sensitivity of detection of beads to the toxicants were tested, the stability of repeated use and storage were evaluated as well. The results showed that E. coli could be immobilized using alginate with response value was correlated with toxic concentration. The developed biosensor was more stable when used repeatedly and could be stored in a long time. The immobilization of E. coli in calcium alginate bead was successfully performed as a biosensor system for monitoring acute toxicity in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendri Wasito
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia; Biosensory Technology Division, Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia.
| | - Amin Fatoni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia; Biosensory Technology Division, Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
| | - Dadan Hermawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
| | - Sri Sutji Susilowati
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
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Pérez JAC, Sosa-Hernández JE, Hussain SM, Bilal M, Parra-Saldivar R, Iqbal HM. Bioinspired biomaterials and enzyme-based biosensors for point-of-care applications with reference to cancer and bio-imaging. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Berberich J, Li T, Sahle-Demessie E. Biosensors for Monitoring Water Pollutants: A Case Study With Arsenic in Groundwater. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-815730-5.00011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Antonucci I, Gallo G, Limauro D, Contursi P, Ribeiro AL, Blesa A, Berenguer J, Bartolucci S, Fiorentino G. Characterization of a promiscuous cadmium and arsenic resistance mechanism in Thermus thermophilus HB27 and potential application of a novel bioreporter system. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:78. [PMID: 29776370 PMCID: PMC5960188 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The characterization of the molecular determinants of metal resistance has potential biotechnological application in biosensing and bioremediation. In this context, the bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB27 is a metal tolerant thermophile containing a set of genes involved in arsenic resistance which, differently from other microbes, are not organized into a single operon. They encode the proteins: arsenate reductase, TtArsC, arsenic efflux membrane transporter, TtArsX, and transcriptional repressor, TtSmtB. Results In this work we show that the arsenic efflux protein TtArsX and the arsenic responsive transcriptional repressor TtSmtB are required to provide resistance to cadmium. We analyzed the sensitivity to Cd(II) of mutants lacking TtArsX, finding that they are more sensitive to this metal than the wild type strain. In addition, using promoter probe reporter plasmids, we show that the transcription of TtarsX is also stimulated by the presence of Cd(II) in a TtSmtB-dependent way. Actually, a regulatory circuit composed of TtSmtB and a reporter gene expressed from the TtarsX promoter responds to variation in Cd(II), As(III) and As(V) concentrations. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the system composed by TtSmtB and TtArsX is responsible for both the arsenic and cadmium resistance in T. thermophilus. The data also support the use of T. thermophilus as a suitable chassis for the design and development of As-Cd biosensors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0918-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Antonucci
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gallo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Danila Limauro
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Contursi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Ana Luisa Ribeiro
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Blesa
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Berenguer
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Simonetta Bartolucci
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fiorentino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy.
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Fang Y, Zhu C, Chen X, Wang Y, Xu M, Sun G, Guo J, Yoo J, Tie C, Jiang X, Li X. Copy number of ArsR reporter plasmid determines its arsenite response and metal specificity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5753-5761. [PMID: 29766244 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The key component in bacteria-based biosensors is a transcriptional reporter employed to monitor induction or repression of a reporter gene corresponding to environmental change. In this study, we made a series of reporters in order to achieve highly sensitive detection of arsenite. From these reporters, two biosensors were developed by transformation of Escherichia coli DH5α with pLHPars9 and pLLPars9, consisting of either a high or low copy number plasmid, along with common elements of ArsR-luciferase fusion and addition of two binding sequences, one each from E. coli and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans chromosome, in front of the R773 ArsR operon. Both of them were highly sensitive to arsenite, with a low detection limit of 0.04 μM arsenite (~ 5 μg/L). They showed a wide dynamic range of detection up to 50 μM using high copy number pLHPars9 and 100 μM using low copy number pLLPars9. Significantly, they differ in metal specificity, pLLPars9 more specific to arsenite, while pLHPars9 to both arsenite and antimonite. The only difference between pLHPars9 and pLLPars9 is their copy numbers of plasmid and corresponding ratios of ArsR to its binding promoter/operator sequence. Therefore, we propose a working model in which DNA bound-ArsR is different from its free form in metal specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunjie Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingjuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Science and Technology Library of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Institute of Science and Technology Information and Development Strategy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiying Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guoping Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinnon Yoo
- Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Cuijuan Tie
- Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Xin Jiang
- Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Xianqiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, China. .,Signosis Inc., 1700 Wyatt Drive, suite10-12, Santa Clara, CA, USA.
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27
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Nakamura H. Current status of water environment and their microbial biosensor techniques - Part II: Recent trends in microbial biosensor development. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3967-3989. [PMID: 29736704 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In Part I of the present review series, I presented the current state of the water environment by focusing on Japanese cases and discussed the need to further develop microbial biosensor technologies for the actual water environment. I comprehensively present trends after approximately 2010 in microbial biosensor development for the water environment. In the first section, after briefly summarizing historical studies, recent studies on microbial biosensor principles are introduced. In the second section, recent application studies for the water environment are also introduced. Finally, I conclude the present review series by describing the need to further develop microbial biosensor technologies. Graphical abstract Current water pollution indirectly occurs by anthropogenic eutrophication (Part I). Recent trends in microbial biosensor development for water environment are described in part II of the present review series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Nakamura
- Department of Liberal Arts, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan.
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28
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Andrade LN, Siqueira TES, Martinez R, Darini ALC. Multidrug-Resistant CTX-M-(15, 9, 2)- and KPC-2-Producing Enterobacter hormaechei and Enterobacter asburiae Isolates Possessed a Set of Acquired Heavy Metal Tolerance Genes Including a Chromosomal sil Operon (for Acquired Silver Resistance). Front Microbiol 2018; 9:539. [PMID: 29628916 PMCID: PMC5876308 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is concern in healthcare-associated infections. On the other hand, bacterial tolerance to other antimicrobials, like heavy metals, has been neglected and underestimated in hospital pathogens. Silver has long been used as an antimicrobial agent and it seems to be an important indicator of heavy metal tolerance. To explore this perspective, we searched for the presence of acquired silver resistance genes (sil operon: silE, silS, silR, silC, silF, silB, silA, and silP) and acquired extended-spectrum cephalosporin and carbapenem resistance genes (blaCTX−M and blaKPC) in Enterobacter cloacae Complex (EcC) (n = 27) and Enterobacter aerogenes (n = 8) isolated from inpatients at a general hospital. Moreover, the genetic background of the silA (silver-efflux pump) and the presence of other acquired heavy metal tolerance genes, pcoD (copper-efflux pump), arsB (arsenite-efflux pump), terF (tellurite resistance protein), and merA (mercuric reductase) were also investigated. Outstandingly, 21/27 (78%) EcC isolates harbored silA gene located in the chromosome. Complete sil operon was found in 19/21 silA-positive EcC isolates. Interestingly, 8/20 (40%) E. hormaechei and 5/6 (83%) E. asburiae co-harbored silA/pcoD genes and blaCTX−M−(15,2,or9) and/or blaKPC−2 genes. Frequent occurrences of arsB, terF, and merA genes were detected, especially in silA/pcoD-positive, multidrug-resistant (MDR) and/or CTX-M-producing isolates. Our study showed co-presence of antibiotic and heavy metal tolerance genes in MDR EcC isolates. In our viewpoint, there are few studies regarding to bacterial heavy metal tolerance and we call attention for more investigations and discussion about this issue in different hospital pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo N Andrade
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Thiago E S Siqueira
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Roberto Martinez
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia C Darini
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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29
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Upadhyay LSB, Kumar N, Chauhan S. Minireview: Whole-cell, Nucleotide, and Enzyme Inhibition-based Biosensors for the Determination of Arsenic. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1375941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikhil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shraddha Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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30
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Barone F, Dorr F, Marasco LE, Mildiner S, Patop IL, Sosa S, Vattino LG, Vignale FA, Altszyler E, Basanta B, Carlotto N, Gasulla J, Giménez M, Grande A, Nieto Moreno N, Bonomi HR, Nadra AD. Design and evaluation of an incoherent feed-forward loop for an arsenic biosensor based on standard iGEM parts. Synth Biol (Oxf) 2017; 2:ysx006. [PMID: 32995507 PMCID: PMC7445792 DOI: 10.1093/synbio/ysx006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity and flexibility of life offers a wide variety of molecules and systems useful for biosensing. A biosensor device should be robust, specific and reliable. Inorganic arsenic is a highly toxic water contaminant with worldwide distribution that poses a threat to public health. With the goal of developing an arsenic biosensor, we designed an incoherent feed-forward loop (I-FFL) genetic circuit to correlate its output pulse with the input signal in a relatively time-independent manner. The system was conceived exclusively based on the available BioBricks in the iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts. The expected behavior in silico was achieved; upon arsenic addition, the system generates a short-delayed reporter protein pulse that is dose dependent to the contaminant levels. This work is an example of the power and variety of the iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts, which can be reused in different sophisticated system designs like I-FFLs. Besides the scientific results, one of the main impacts of this synthetic biology project is the influence it had on team’s members training and career choices which are summarized at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Barone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Dorr
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciano E Marasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Mildiner
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Inés L Patop
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Sosa
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas G Vattino
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico A Vignale
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edgar Altszyler
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Benjamin Basanta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Carlotto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Gasulla
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Giménez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Grande
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Nieto Moreno
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hernán R Bonomi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro D Nadra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, iGEM 2013 Buenos Aires Team, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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31
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Tran TTT, Mangenot S, Magdelenat G, Payen E, Rouy Z, Belahbib H, Grail BM, Johnson DB, Bonnefoy V, Talla E. Comparative Genome Analysis Provides Insights into Both the Lifestyle of Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans Strain CF27 and the Chimeric Nature of the Iron-Oxidizing Acidithiobacilli Genomes. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1009. [PMID: 28659871 PMCID: PMC5468388 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The iron-oxidizing species Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans is one of few acidophiles able to oxidize ferrous iron and reduced inorganic sulfur compounds at low temperatures (<10°C). To complete the genome of At. ferrivorans strain CF27, new sequences were generated, and an update assembly and functional annotation were undertaken, followed by a comparative analysis with other Acidithiobacillus species whose genomes are publically available. The At. ferrivorans CF27 genome comprises a 3,409,655 bp chromosome and a 46,453 bp plasmid. At. ferrivorans CF27 possesses genes allowing its adaptation to cold, metal(loid)-rich environments, as well as others that enable it to sense environmental changes, allowing At. ferrivorans CF27 to escape hostile conditions and to move toward favorable locations. Interestingly, the genome of At. ferrivorans CF27 exhibits a large number of genomic islands (mostly containing genes of unknown function), suggesting that a large number of genes has been acquired by horizontal gene transfer over time. Furthermore, several genes specific to At. ferrivorans CF27 have been identified that could be responsible for the phenotypic differences of this strain compared to other Acidithiobacillus species. Most genes located inside At. ferrivorans CF27-specific gene clusters which have been analyzed were expressed by both ferrous iron-grown and sulfur-attached cells, indicating that they are not pseudogenes and may play a role in both situations. Analysis of the taxonomic composition of genomes of the Acidithiobacillia infers that they are chimeric in nature, supporting the premise that they belong to a particular taxonomic class, distinct to other proteobacterial subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam T T Tran
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCBMarseille, France
| | - Sophie Mangenot
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire pour l'Etude des Génomes, C.E.A., Institut de Génomique - GenoscopeEvry, France
| | - Ghislaine Magdelenat
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire pour l'Etude des Génomes, C.E.A., Institut de Génomique - GenoscopeEvry, France
| | - Emilie Payen
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire pour l'Etude des Génomes, C.E.A., Institut de Génomique - GenoscopeEvry, France
| | - Zoé Rouy
- CNRS UMR8030, CEA/DSV/IG/Genoscope, Laboratoire d'Analyses Bioinformatiques pour la Génomique et le MétabolismeEvry, France
| | | | - Barry M Grail
- College of Natural Sciences, Bangor UniversityBangor, United Kingdom
| | - D Barrie Johnson
- College of Natural Sciences, Bangor UniversityBangor, United Kingdom
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32
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Prévéral S, Brutesco C, Descamps ECT, Escoffier C, Pignol D, Ginet N, Garcia D. A bioluminescent arsenite biosensor designed for inline water analyzer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:25-32. [PMID: 26769474 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-6000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Whole-cell biosensors based on the reporter gene system can offer rapid detection of trace levels of organic or metallic compounds in water. They are well characterized in laboratory conditions, but their transfer into technological devices for the surveillance of water networks remains at a conceptual level. The development of a semi-autonomous inline water analyzer stumbles across the conservation of the bacterial biosensors over a period of time compatible with the autonomy requested by the end-user while maintaining a satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, and time response. We focused here on assessing the effect of lyophilization on two biosensors based on the reporter gene system and hosted in Escherichia coli. The reporter gene used here is the entire bacterial luciferase lux operon (luxCDABE) for an autonomous bioluminescence emission without the need to add any substrate. In the cell-survival biosensor that is used to determine the overall fitness of the bacteria when mixed with the water sample, lux expression is driven by a constitutive E. coli promoter PrpoD. In the arsenite biosensor, the arsenite-inducible promoter P ars involved in arsenite resistance in E. coli controls lux expression. Evaluation of the shelf life of these lyophilized biosensors kept at 4 °C over a year evidenced that about 40 % of the lyophilized cells can be revived in such storage conditions. The performances of the lyophilized biosensor after 7 months in storage are maintained, with a detection limit of 0.2 μM arsenite for a response in about an hour with good reproducibility. These results pave the way to the use in tandem of both biosensors (one for general toxicity and one for arsenite contamination) as consumables of an autonomous analyzer in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Prévéral
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget and Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, F-13284, France
| | - Catherine Brutesco
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget and Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, F-13284, France
| | - Elodie C T Descamps
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget and Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, F-13284, France
| | - Camille Escoffier
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget and Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, F-13284, France
| | - David Pignol
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget and Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, F-13284, France
| | - Nicolas Ginet
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France.
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget and Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France.
- Aix-Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, F-13284, France.
| | - Daniel Garcia
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Cellulaire, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget and Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, F-13284, France
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Llorente-Mirandes T, Rubio R, López-Sánchez JF. Inorganic Arsenic Determination in Food: A Review of Analytical Proposals and Quality Assessment Over the Last Six Years. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:25-69. [PMID: 28033722 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816652374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we review recent developments in analytical proposals for the assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) content in food products. Interest in the determination of iAs in products for human consumption such as food commodities, wine, and seaweed among others is fueled by the wide recognition of its toxic effects on humans, even at low concentrations. Currently, the need for robust and reliable analytical methods is recognized by various international safety and health agencies, and by organizations in charge of establishing acceptable tolerance levels of iAs in food. This review summarizes the state of the art of analytical methods while highlighting tools for the assessment of quality assessment of the results, such as the production and evaluation of certified reference materials (CRMs) and the availability of specific proficiency testing (PT) programmes. Because the number of studies dedicated to the subject of this review has increased considerably over recent years, the sources consulted and cited here are limited to those from 2010 to the end of 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roser Rubio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain
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Li J, Mandal G, Rosen BP. Expression of arsenic resistance genes in the obligate anaerobe Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 8482, a gut microbiome bacterium. Anaerobe 2016; 39:117-23. [PMID: 27040269 PMCID: PMC4984537 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The response of the obligate anaerobe Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 8482, a common human gut microbiota, to arsenic was determined. B. vulgatus ATCC 8482 is highly resistant to pentavalent As(V) and methylarsenate (MAs(V)). It is somewhat more sensitive to trivalent inorganic As(III) but 100-fold more sensitive to methylarsenite (MAs(III)) than to As(III). B. vulgatus ATCC 8482 has eight continuous genes in its genome that we demonstrate form an arsenical-inducible transcriptional unit. The first gene of this ars operon, arsR, encodes a putative ArsR As(III)-responsive transcriptional repressor. The next three genes encode proteins of unknown function. The remaining genes, arsDABC, have well-characterized roles in detoxification of inorganic arsenic, but there are no known genes for MAs(III) resistance. Expression of each gene after exposure to trivalent and pentavalent inorganic and methylarsenicals was analyzed. MAs(III) was the most effective inducer. The arsD gene was the most highly expressed of the ars operon genes. These results demonstrate that this anaerobic microbiome bacterium has arsenic-responsive genes that confer resistance to inorganic arsenic and may be responsible for the organism's ability to maintain its prevalence in the gut following dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Li
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, United States
| | - Goutam Mandal
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, United States
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, United States.
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Wolf D, Mascher T. The applied side of antimicrobial peptide-inducible promoters from Firmicutes bacteria: expression systems and whole-cell biosensors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4817-29. [PMID: 27102123 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cell envelope is an essential bacterial structure that consists of the cytoplasmic membrane, the cell wall, and-in Gram-negative bacteria-the outer membrane. Because of its crucial functions, it represents a prime antibiotic target. Monitoring and maintaining its integrity are therefore keys to survival, especially in competitive environments where antibiotics represent one means of suppressing the growth of competitors. Resistance against external antibiotic threat, as well as auto-immunity against self-produced antibiotics, is often mediated by two-component systems (2CSs). They respond to antibiotic threat by inducing gene expression that results in the production of specific resistance determinants. The underlying transcriptional control is exhibited at the level of specific target promoters, which usually share a number of relevant features: They are tightly controlled and only induced in the presence of specific (sets of) antibiotics. This induction is dose dependent and often very sensitive, that is, it occurs well below inhibitory antibiotic concentrations. Because of these characteristics, a number of well-characterized cell envelope stress-inducible promoters have been developed for two different applied purposes: first, as whole-cell biosensors for antibiotic detection and mechanism-of-action studies, and second, as antibiotic-inducible expression systems for biotechnological purposes. The current state of research in both fields will be discussed in this review, focusing on 2CS-regulated promoters from Firmicutes bacteria that are induced to mediate resistance against antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) targeting the cell envelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Wolf
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Mascher
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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Arsenic Directly Binds to and Activates the Yeast AP-1-Like Transcription Factor Yap8. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 36:913-22. [PMID: 26711267 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00842-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The AP-1-like transcription factor Yap8 is critical for arsenic tolerance in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, the mechanism by which Yap8 senses the presence of arsenic and activates transcription of detoxification genes is unknown. Here we demonstrate that Yap8 directly binds to trivalent arsenite [As(III)] in vitro and in vivo and that approximately one As(III) molecule is bound per molecule of Yap8. As(III) is coordinated by three sulfur atoms in purified Yap8, and our genetic and biochemical data identify the cysteine residues that form the binding site as Cys132, Cys137, and Cys274. As(III) binding by Yap8 does not require an additional yeast protein, and Yap8 is regulated neither at the level of localization nor at the level of DNA binding. Instead, our data are consistent with a model in which a DNA-bound form of Yap8 acts directly as an As(III) sensor. Binding of As(III) to Yap8 triggers a conformational change that in turn brings about a transcriptional response. Thus, As(III) binding to Yap8 acts as a molecular switch that converts inactive Yap8 into an active transcriptional regulator. This is the first report to demonstrate how a eukaryotic protein couples arsenic sensing to transcriptional activation.
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Stanton BA, Caldwell K, Congdon CB, Disney J, Donahue M, Ferguson E, Flemings E, Golden M, Guerinot ML, Highman J, James K, Kim C, Lantz RC, Marvinney RG, Mayer G, Miller D, Navas-Acien A, Nordstrom DK, Postema S, Rardin L, Rosen B, SenGupta A, Shaw J, Stanton E, Susca P. MDI Biological Laboratory Arsenic Summit: Approaches to Limiting Human Exposure to Arsenic. Curr Environ Health Rep 2015; 2:329-37. [PMID: 26231509 PMCID: PMC4522277 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-015-0057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This report is the outcome of the meeting "Environmental and Human Health Consequences of Arsenic" held at the MDI Biological Laboratory in Salisbury Cove, Maine, August 13-15, 2014. Human exposure to arsenic represents a significant health problem worldwide that requires immediate attention according to the World Health Organization (WHO). One billion people are exposed to arsenic in food, and more than 200 million people ingest arsenic via drinking water at concentrations greater than international standards. Although the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set a limit of 10 μg/L in public water supplies and the WHO has recommended an upper limit of 10 μg/L, recent studies indicate that these limits are not protective enough. In addition, there are currently few standards for arsenic in food. Those who participated in the Summit support citizens, scientists, policymakers, industry, and educators at the local, state, national, and international levels to (1) establish science-based evidence for setting standards at the local, state, national, and global levels for arsenic in water and food; (2) work with government agencies to set regulations for arsenic in water and food, to establish and strengthen non-regulatory programs, and to strengthen collaboration among government agencies, NGOs, academia, the private sector, industry, and others; (3) develop novel and cost-effective technologies for identification and reduction of exposure to arsenic in water; (4) develop novel and cost-effective approaches to reduce arsenic exposure in juice, rice, and other relevant foods; and (5) develop an Arsenic Education Plan to guide the development of science curricula as well as community outreach and education programs that serve to inform students and consumers about arsenic exposure and engage them in well water testing and development of remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Stanton
- Center for the Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA,
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