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Zhang Y, Song J, Yang S, Ouyang J, Zhang J. Carbon Nanostructure-Based DNA Sensor Used for Quickly Detecting Breast Cancer-Associated Genes. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2022; 17:93. [PMID: 36125561 PMCID: PMC9489825 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The early diagnosis of breast cancer highly relies on the detection of mutant DNA at low concentrations. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) quenching may offer a solution to quickly detect a small amount of single-strand DNA (ssDNA) through the combination of nanomaterials with special luminescence and unique structures of DNA double helix structure. Here, carbon quantum dots (CDs) modified with Capture ssDNA act as the FRET donor which interact with the two-dimensional fluorescence quencher, i.e., graphene oxide nanosheets (GO), to detect breast cancer-associated Target ssDNA at a low concentration. CDs bioconjugated with the designed Capture ssDNA (named CDs-Capture ssDNA) have the maximum fluorescence intensity (Imax) at the emission (λem) = 510 nm. The fluorescence of CDs-Capture ssDNA is quenched, while they interact with GO due to the π-π* interaction between ssDNA and GO. In the presence of Target ssDNA, the Imax is restored because of the stronger interaction between Target ssDNA and CDs-Capture ssDNA through the hydrogen bond. The restored fluorescence intensity of CDs has a linear relationship with the concentration of Target ssDNA from 0.25 to 2.5 μM with a detection limit around 0.24 μM. The selectivity of the sensing system has been further evaluated by testing the 3-base mismatched and non-base matched in which efficient restoration of photoluminescence of the sensing system cannot be observed. This carbon nanostructure-based DNA sensing system offers a user-friendly and quick detection of single-strand DNA at lower concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Zhang
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jisu Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Songlin Yang
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jianying Ouyang
- National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Jin Zhang
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
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Mujawar A, De A. In Vivo Assessment of Protein-Protein Interactions Using BRET Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2525:239-257. [PMID: 35836073 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2473-9_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play an important part in almost all life activities and across all organisms. Proteins occasionally act on their own but rather fulfill most of their biological tasks by cooperating with other proteins or ligand molecules. The bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assay serves to measure dynamic events such as protein-protein or protein-ligand interactions in vitro or in-vivo. With several inherent attributes such as rapid and fairly sensitive ratio-metric measurements, assessment of interactions irrespective of protein location within the cellular compartment, cost-effectiveness consenting to high-throughput screening compatibility, makes BRET a popular genetic reporter-based assay system for protein-protein interaction (PPI) studies. Based on the Förster principle, BRET allows to judge if the proximity has been achieved between the interacting partners. In recent years, the BRET application has emerged as a significantly versatile assay format by using multiple detection devices such as a plate reader or in-vivo optical imaging platform, or even a bioluminescence microscope has expanded its scope for advancing PPI studies. Beyond the scope of quantitative measurement of PPIs, molecular optical imaging applications based on BRET assay have expanded the scope for screening pharmacological compounds by unifying live cell and in-vivo animal-/plant-based experiments using the same platform technology. In this chapter, we have given intricate methodological details for performing in-vitro and in-vivo BRET experiments, primarily by using donor/acceptor reporter protein combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaiyas Mujawar
- Molecular Functional Imaging Lab, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Abhijit De
- Molecular Functional Imaging Lab, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India.
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Huang P, Xu L, Xie Y. Biomedical Applications of Electromagnetic Detection: A Brief Review. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:225. [PMID: 34356696 PMCID: PMC8301974 DOI: 10.3390/bios11070225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a review on the biomedical applications of electromagnetic detection in recent years. First of all, the thermal, non-thermal, and cumulative thermal effects of electromagnetic field on organism and their biological mechanisms are introduced. According to the electromagnetic biological theory, the main parameters affecting electromagnetic biological effects are frequency and intensity. This review subsequently makes a brief review about the related biomedical application of electromagnetic detection and biosensors using frequency as a clue, such as health monitoring, food preservation, and disease treatment. In addition, electromagnetic detection in combination with machine learning (ML) technology has been used in clinical diagnosis because of its powerful feature extraction capabilities. Therefore, the relevant research involving the application of ML technology to electromagnetic medical images are summarized. Finally, the future development to electromagnetic detection for biomedical applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Huang
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Lijun Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yuedong Xie
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
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Sharma S, Saini S, Khangembam M, Singh V. Nanomaterials-Based Biosensors for COVID-19 Detection-A Review. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2021; 21:5598-5611. [PMID: 37974905 PMCID: PMC8768986 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2020.3036748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This review paper discusses the properties of nanomaterials, namely graphene, molybdenum disulfide, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots for unique sensing applications. Based on the specific analyte to be detected and the functionalization techniques that are employed, some noteworthy sensors that have been developed are discussed. Further, biocompatible sensors fabricated from these materials capable of detecting specific chemical compounds are also highlighted for COVID-19 detection purposes, which can aid in efficient and reliable sensing as well as timely diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Sharma
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
| | - Sonakshi Saini
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
| | - Maya Khangembam
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
| | - Vinod Singh
- Department of Applied PhysicsDelhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi110042India
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Yang Y, Fryer C, Sharkey J, Thomas A, Wais U, Jackson AW, Wilm B, Murray P, Zhang H. Perylene Diimide Nanoprobes for In Vivo Tracking of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Using Photoacoustic Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:27930-27939. [PMID: 32463217 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive bioimaging techniques are critical for assessing the biodistribution of cellular therapies longitudinally. Among them, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) can generate high-resolution images with a tissue penetration depth of ∼4 cm. However, it is essential and still highly challenging to develop stable and efficient near-infrared (NIR) probes with low toxicity for PAI. We report here the preparation and use of perylene diimide derivative (PDI) with NIR absorbance (around 700 nm) as nanoprobes for tracking mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in mice. Employing an in-house synthesized star hyperbranched polymer as a stabilizer is the key to the formation of stable PDI nanoparticles with low toxicity and high uptake by the MSCs. The PDI nanoparticles remain within the MSCs as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo assessments. The PDI-labeled MSCs injected subcutaneously on the flanks of the mice are clearly visualized with PAI up to 11 days postadministration. Furthermore, bioluminescence imaging of PDI-labeled luciferase-expressing MSCs confirms that the administered cells remain viable for the duration of the experiment. These PDI nanoprobes thus have good potential for tracking administered cells in vivo using PAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Claudia Fryer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Jack Sharkey
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Aidan Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Ulrike Wais
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Science, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island 627833, Singapore
| | - Alexander W Jackson
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Science, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island 627833, Singapore
| | - Bettina Wilm
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Patricia Murray
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
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Tang YQ, Liu YJ. Theoretical Study on Chemiluminescence of H2O2-dependent Tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9042-9050. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Song J, Zhang J. Self-illumination of Carbon Dots by Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13796. [PMID: 31551471 PMCID: PMC6760201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-dots (CDs), the emerging fluorescent nanoparticles, show special multicolor properties, chemical stability, and biocompatibility, and are considered as the new and advanced imaging probe in replacement of molecular fluorophores and semiconductor quantum dots. However, the requirement of external high power light source limits the application of fluorescent nanomaterials in bio-imaging. The present study aims to take advantage of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer mechanism (BRET) in creating self-illuminating C-dots. Renilla luciferase (Rluc) is chosen as the BRET donor molecule. Conjugation of Renilla luciferase and C-dots is necessary to keep their distance close for energy transfer. The optimal condition for achieving BRET is investigated by studying the effects of different factors on the performance of BRET, including the type of conjugation, concentration of carbon dots, and conjugation time. The linear relationship of BRET efficiency as a function of the amount of C-dots in the range of 0.20–0.80 mg/mL is observed. The self-illuminating carbon dots could be applied in bioimaging avoiding the tissue damage from the external high power light source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada. .,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
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Soleja N, Jairajpuri MA, Queen A, Mohsin M. Genetically encoded FRET-based optical sensor for Hg 2+ detection and intracellular imaging in living cells. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 46:1669-1683. [PMID: 31531745 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Due to the potential toxicity of mercury, there is an immediate need to understand its uptake, transport and flux within living cells. Conventional techniques used to analyze Hg2+ are invasive, involve high cost and are less sensitive. In the present study, a highly efficient genetically encoded mercury FRET sensor (MerFS) was developed to measure the cellular dynamics of Hg2+ at trace level in real time. To construct MerFS, the periplasmic mercury-binding protein MerP was sandwiched between enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP) and venus. MerFS is pH stable, offers a measurable fluorescent signal and binds to Hg2+ with high sensitivity and selectivity. Mutant MerFS-51 binds with an apparent affinity (Kd) of 5.09 × 10-7 M, thus providing a detection range for Hg2+ quantification between 0.210 µM and 1.196 µM. Furthermore, MerFS-51 was targeted to Escherichia coli (E. coli), yeast and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells that allowed dynamic measurement of intracellular Hg2+ concentration with a highly responsive saturation curve, proving its potential application in cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Soleja
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | | | - Aarfa Queen
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohd Mohsin
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Bhuckory S, Kays JC, Dennis AM. In Vivo Biosensing Using Resonance Energy Transfer. BIOSENSORS 2019; 9:E76. [PMID: 31163706 PMCID: PMC6628364 DOI: 10.3390/bios9020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Solution-phase and intracellular biosensing has substantially enhanced our understanding of molecular processes foundational to biology and pathology. Optical methods are favored because of the low cost of probes and instrumentation. While chromatographic methods are helpful, fluorescent biosensing further increases sensitivity and can be more effective in complex media. Resonance energy transfer (RET)-based sensors have been developed to use fluorescence, bioluminescence, or chemiluminescence (FRET, BRET, or CRET, respectively) as an energy donor, yielding changes in emission spectra, lifetime, or intensity in response to a molecular or environmental change. These methods hold great promise for expanding our understanding of molecular processes not just in solution and in vitro studies, but also in vivo, generating information about complex activities in a natural, organismal setting. In this review, we focus on dyes, fluorescent proteins, and nanoparticles used as energy transfer-based optical transducers in vivo in mice; there are examples of optical sensing using FRET, BRET, and in this mammalian model system. After a description of the energy transfer mechanisms and their contribution to in vivo imaging, we give a short perspective of RET-based in vivo sensors and the importance of imaging in the infrared for reduced tissue autofluorescence and improved sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Bhuckory
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Joshua C Kays
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Allison M Dennis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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