1
|
Langouo Fontsa M, Padonou F, Willard-Gallo K. Tumor-associated tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: implications for immunotherapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:839-847. [PMID: 39007892 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2380892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) arise at chronic inflammatory sites where they function as miniature lymph nodes to generate immune responses, which can be beneficial or detrimental, in diseases as diverse as autoimmunity, chronic infections and cancer. A growing number of studies show that a TLS presence in tumors from cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors is closely linked with improved clinical outcomes. TLS may foster the generation of specific anti-tumor immune responses and immunological memory that recognizes a patient's own tumor. Due to repeated rounds of chronic inflammation, some tumor-associated TLS may be immunologically inactive, with immune checkpoint inhibitors functioning to revitalize them through pathway activation. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes work on TLS and how they mediate immune responses in human tumors. We also explore TLS as potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy. EXPERT OPINION The presence of TLS in human tumors has been linked with a better clinical prognosis, response to treatment(s) and overall survival. TLS provide a structured microenvironment for the activation, expansion and maturation of immune cells at the tumor site. These activities can enhance the efficacy of immunotherapeutic treatments such as checkpoint inhibitors and cancer vaccines by revitalizing local anti-tumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Langouo Fontsa
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francine Padonou
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Willard-Gallo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Padonou F, Vanhulst T, Langouo-Fontsa MD. Can we yet use tertiary lymphoid structures as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy response in melanoma? Curr Opin Oncol 2024; 36:63-68. [PMID: 38441065 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000001015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we explore the potential of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) as predictive biomarkers in the response to immunotherapy for melanoma patients. RECENT FINDINGS The significance of TLS as indicators predicting immunotherapy response becomes particularly pronounced. Melanoma, renowned for its aggressive characteristics, has undergone revolutionary transformations in treatment through immunotherapeutic interventions. Investigations have unveiled a compelling correlation between the presence of TLS in the melanoma tumor microenvironment and favorable responses to immunotherapy. These responses, characterized by heightened survival rates and improved clinical outcomes, imply that TLS might be pivotal in tailoring more efficient and personalized treatments for individuals with melanoma. The ongoing discourse regarding TLS as a predictive biomarker underscores the need for a meticulous examination of its potential in guiding clinical decisions and optimizing therapeutic strategies. SUMMARY TLS show great promises as potential biomarkers to melanoma patient's outcomes in ICI treatment; however, more studies are needed to understand their mechanisms of actions and the long-term impact of their functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francine Padonou
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels (Anderlecht), Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng K, Wang X. Techniques and status of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for primary hepatobiliary cancers. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231225040. [PMID: 38282664 PMCID: PMC10822083 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231225040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatobiliary cancers (PHCs), which mainly include hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancers (BTCs), are mostly diagnosed in the advanced stage and are not candidates for curative surgery or ablation, resulting in a dismal prognosis. Targeted therapies with or without programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 inhibitors have been incorporated into first-line treatments for advanced HCC. Systemic chemotherapy is still the mainstay treatment for advanced BTCs, and combining it with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has resulted in prolonged patient survival. Intra-arterial therapies, including trans-arterial chemoembolization, selective internal radiation therapy, and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), have been explored and used for advanced hepatobiliary cancers for many years with positive results, particularly when combined with systemic treatments. Recently, an increasing number of phase II/III trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of HAIC for the treatment of advanced HCC with portal vein tumor thrombosis and/or a large tumor burden, for the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment of HCC with high-risk factors, and for treating advanced intrahepatic and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. However, the techniques and regimens used for HAIC are diverse and differ greatly between various regions and centers worldwide. This review focuses on these diverse techniques and regimens, as well as the updated evidence on HAIC regarding the treatment of PHCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanglian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No.52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chehelgerdi M, Chehelgerdi M. The use of RNA-based treatments in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:106. [PMID: 37420174 PMCID: PMC10401791 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01807-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, mRNA vaccines have evolved from a theoretical concept to a clinical reality. These vaccines offer several advantages over traditional vaccine techniques, including their high potency, rapid development, low-cost manufacturing, and safe administration. However, until recently, concerns over the instability and inefficient distribution of mRNA in vivo have limited their utility. Fortunately, recent technological advancements have mostly resolved these concerns, resulting in the development of numerous mRNA vaccination platforms for infectious diseases and various types of cancer. These platforms have shown promising outcomes in both animal models and humans. This study highlights the potential of mRNA vaccines as a promising alternative approach to conventional vaccine techniques and cancer treatment. This review article aims to provide a thorough and detailed examination of mRNA vaccines, including their mechanisms of action and potential applications in cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, the article will analyze the current state of mRNA vaccine technology and highlight future directions for the development and implementation of this promising vaccine platform as a mainstream therapeutic option. The review will also discuss potential challenges and limitations of mRNA vaccines, such as their stability and in vivo distribution, and suggest ways to overcome these issues. By providing a comprehensive overview and critical analysis of mRNA vaccines, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of this innovative approach to cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nikoo M, Hassan ZF, Mardasi M, Rostamnezhad E, Roozbahani F, Rahimi S, Mohammadi J. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy by anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies: A rapidly evolving strategy. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154473. [PMID: 37207558 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers in the world, with a high relapse rate. Delayed symptom onset observed in 70-80% of patients leads to diagnosis in advanced stages commonly associated with chronic liver disease. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade therapy has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic option in the clinical management of several advanced malignancies, including HCC, due to the activation of exhausted tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and improved outcomes of T-cell function. However, many people with HCC do not respond to PD-1 blockade therapy, and the diversity of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) restricts their clinical utility. Therefore, numerous effective combinatory strategies, including combinations with anti-PD-1 antibodies and other therapeutic methods ranging from chemotherapy to targeted therapies, are evolving to improve therapeutic outcomes and evoke synergistic anti-tumor impressions in patients with advanced HCC. Unfortunately, combined therapy may have more side effects than single-agent treatment. Nonetheless, identifying appropriate predictive biomarkers can aid in managing potential immune-related adverse events by distinguishing patients who respond best to PD-1 inhibitors as single agents or in combination strategies. In the present review, we summarize the therapeutic potential of PD-1 blockade therapy for advanced HCC patients. Besides, a glimpse of the pivotal predictive biomarkers influencing a patient's response to anti-PD-1 antibodies will be provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Nikoo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Mardasi
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Rostamnezhad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Roozbahani
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sahel Rahimi
- Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Momenzadeh N, Hajian S, Shabankare A, Ghavimi R, Kabiri-Samani S, Kabiri H, Hesami-Zadeh K, Shabankareh ANT, Nazaraghay R, Nabipour I, Mohammadi M. Photothermic therapy with cuttlefish ink-based nanoparticles in combination with anti-OX40 mAb achieve remission of triple-negative breast cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109622. [PMID: 36577156 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies (IS-mAb) have been proven to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of various anticancer therapy. In the present investigation, we launched a separate combinational therapy for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using cuttlefish ink-based nanoparticles (CINPs) for photothermal therapy (PTT) and anti-OX40 antibody. Our goal was to increase the therapeutic response to the disease. CINPs were characterized by their physicochemical properties, which revealed that they had a hydrodynamic diameter ranging from 128 to 148 nm, a negative surface charge, and a high photothermal conversion efficiency under both in vitro and in vivo settings. In TNBC model, we evaluated the therapeutic effectiveness of the following groups: CINP-PTT + anti-OX40 Ab (G1), CINPs-PTT (G2), CINPs + anti-OX40 Ab (G3), anti-OX40 (G4) or PBS (G5). In each case, we assessed the efficacy of these groups against one another. The intratumor administration of all of the substances and therapies was performed. CINP-PTT + anti-OX40 Ab and CINP + anti-OX40 Ab (particularly CINP-PTT + anti-OX40 Ab) induced significant tumor regression in treated (breast) and non-treated (flank) tumor, and completely inhibited lung metastasis, thereby inducing a higher survival rate in mice in comparison to CINP-PTT, anti-OX40 Ab, or PBS. This was the case because in CINPs-treated tumors, particularly those treated with CINPs-PTT, intratumoral injection of CINPs increased the frequency of OX40, CD8 double-positive T cells. CINPs improved the conversion of the macrophage phenotype from M2 to M1 in vitro, which is significant from an immunological point of view. In addition, anti-OX40 Ab combined with CINPs or, more specifically, CINPs-PPT produced a larger frequency of preexisting and newly formed tumor-specific CD8 T cells, as well as an enhanced frequency of CD8 T cells infiltrating non-treated tumors, in comparison to respective monotherapies. When the data were taken into consideration as a whole, it seemed that CINPs-based PTT may effectively enhance the antitumor response effectiveness of anti-OX40 Ab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Momenzadeh
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sobhan Hajian
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Atefe Shabankare
- Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghavimi
- CinnaGen research and production CO., Akborz, Iran; CinaGen medical biotechnology research center, Alborz university of medical sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saber Kabiri-Samani
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, and Sina Borna Aria (SABA) Co., Ltd, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Kabiri
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, and Sina Borna Aria (SABA) Co., Ltd, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Azar Najafi Tireh Shabankareh
- Department of Medical Nanotecnology,School of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS), Iran
| | - Roghayeh Nazaraghay
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liang J, Bai Y, Ha FS, Luo Y, Deng HT, Gao YT. Combining local regional therapy and systemic therapy: Expected changes in the treatment landscape of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1-18. [PMID: 36684055 PMCID: PMC9850755 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvements in early screening, new diagnostic techniques, and surgical treatment have led to continuous downward trends in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) morbidity and mortality rates. However, high recurrence and refractory cancer after hepatectomy remain important factors affecting the long-term prognosis of HCC. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of recurrent HCC are heterogeneous, and guidelines on treatment strategies for recurrent HCC are lacking. Therapies such as surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation, and transhepatic arterial chemoembolization are effective for tumors confined to the liver, and targeted therapy is a very important treatment for unresectable recurrent HCC with systemic metastasis. With the deepening of the understanding of the immune microenvironment of HCC, blocking immune checkpoints to enhance the antitumor immune response has become a new direction for the treatment of HCC. In addition, improvements in the tumor immune microenvironment caused by local treatment may provide an opportunity to improve the therapeutic effect of HCC treatment. Ongoing and future clinical trial data of combined therapy may develop the new treatment scheme for recurrent HCC. This paper reviews the pattern of recurrent HCC and the characteristics of the immune microenvironment, demonstrates the basis for combining local treatment and systemic treatment, and reports current evidence to better understand current progress and future approaches in the treatment of recurrent HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yi Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Fu-Shuang Ha
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Hui-Ting Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Ying-Tang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300170, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang H, Miao Y, Yu Z, Wei M, Jiao X. Cell adhesion molecules and immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Current process and potential application. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1107631. [PMID: 36895477 PMCID: PMC9989313 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1107631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a severe disease and still has high mortality rate after conventional treatment (e.g., surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy). In NSCLC patients, cancer cells can induce immunosuppression, growth and metastasis by modulating cell adhesion molecules of both cancer cells and immune cells. Therefore, immunotherapy is increasingly concerned due to its promising anti-tumor effect and broader indication, which targets cell adhesion molecules to reverse the process. Among these therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors (mainly anti-PD-(L)1 and anti-CTLA-4) are most successful and have been adapted as first or second line therapy in advanced NSCLC. However, drug resistance and immune-related adverse reactions restrict its further application. Further understanding of mechanism, adequate biomarkers and novel therapies are necessary to improve therapeutic effect and alleviate adverse effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Yang
- Innovative Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxi Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaojin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Shenyang Kangwei Medical Laboratory Analysis Co. LTD, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Z, Feiyue Z, Gaofeng L, Haifeng L. Lung cancer and oncolytic virotherapy--enemy's enemy. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101563. [PMID: 36244134 PMCID: PMC9561464 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors that seriously threaten human health worldwide, while the covid-19 virus has become people's nightmare after the coronavirus pandemic. There are too many similarities between cancer cells and viruses, one of the most significant is that both of them are our enemies. The strategy to take the advantage of the virus to beat cancer cells is called Oncolytic virotherapy. When immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors has made remarkable breakthroughs in the clinical practice of lung cancer, the induction of antitumor immunity from immune cells gradually becomes a rapidly developing and promising strategy of cancer therapy. Oncolytic virotherapy is based on the same mechanisms that selectively kill tumor cells and induce systemic anti-tumor immunity, but still has a long way to go before it becomes a standard treatment for lung cancer. This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest progress in oncolytic virotherapy for lung cancer, including the specific mechanism of oncolytic virus therapy and the main types of oncolytic viruses, and the combination of oncolytic virotherapy and existing standard treatments. It aims to provide new insights and ideas on oncolytic virotherapy for lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Li
- Department of Oncology, Gejiu People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Zhang Feiyue
- Department of Oncology, Yuxi People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Li Gaofeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Liang Haifeng
- Department of Oncology, Gejiu People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tian Z, Yao W. PD-1/L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy in the treatment of sarcomas. Front Immunol 2022; 13:898255. [PMID: 36072581 PMCID: PMC9441887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.898255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent clinical need for new therapeutic regimens for the effective treatment of advanced sarcomas. Accumulating evidence suggests that programmed death receptor-1/programmed death protein ligand-1 (PD-1/L1) inhibitors have synergistic effects with chemotherapy and have been approved for treatment of lung cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, and breast cancer. In this review, we reviewed the synergistic mechanism of PD-1/L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy in the treatment of cancers, and the application of this combined regimen in several cancers, followed by a summary of the current evidence on the application of this combined regimen in the treatment of sarcomas as well as the main clinical trials currently underway. Based on the findings of this review, we believe that this combined approach will play an important role in the treatment of some subtypes of sarcomas in the future.
Collapse
|
11
|
Qi J, Ding T, Liu T, Xia X, Wu S, Liu J, Chen Q, Zhang D, Zhao H. Inosine‐Based Supramolecular Hydrogel for Highly Efficient PD‐L1 Blockade Therapy via Mediating CD8
+
T Cells. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202204273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Tingting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Tiannan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Shihong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Dunfang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management Med‐X Center for Materials West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tao D, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang C, Yang D, Chen J, Long Y, Jiang Y, Zhou X, Zhang N. Identification of Angiogenesis-Related Prognostic Biomarkers Associated With Immune Cell Infiltration in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:853324. [PMID: 35602610 PMCID: PMC9121305 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.853324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) and their association with immune cell infiltration (ICI) in breast cancer (BC). Methods: Transcriptome data of BC were obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases. Differentially expressed ARGs were identified by the limma package. The identification of key genes and construction of the risk score model were performed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression algorithms. The prognostic value of the risk score was assessed by ROC curves and nomogram. GO, KEGG pathway, and GSEA were used to investigate the biological functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and CIBERSORT, ssGSEA, and xCell algorithms were performed to estimate the ICI in high-risk and low-risk groups. The correlations between prognostic biomarkers and differentially distributed immune cells were assessed. Moreover, a ceRNA regulatory network based on prognostic biomarkers was constructed and visualized by Cytoscape software. Results: A total of 18 differentially expressed ARGs were identified between tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples. TNFSF12, SCG2, COL4A3, and TNNI3 were identified as key prognostic genes by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The risk score model was further constructed based on the four-gene signature and validated in GSE7390 and GSE88770 datasets. ROC curves and nomogram indicated that the risk score had good accuracy for determining BC patient survival. Biological function analysis showed that DEGs in high- and low-risk groups had a high enrichment in immune-related biological processes and signaling pathways. Moreover, significantly different ICIs were found between high- and low-risk groups, such as memory B cells, CD8+ T cells, resting memory CD4+ T cells, follicular helper T cells, regulatory T cells, monocytes, M2 macrophages, and neutrophils, and each prognostic biomarker was significantly correlated with one or more immune cell types. Conclusion: The current study identified novel prognostic ARGs and developed a prognostic model for predicting survival in patients with BC. Furthermore, this study indicated that ICI may act as a bond between angiogenesis and BC. These findings enhance our understanding of angiogenesis in BC and provide novel guidance on developing therapeutic targets for BC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Dingyi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyan Long
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Ningning Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He X, Peng Y, Zhou Z, Li W. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Systemic Therapy Shows Remarkable Curative Effect in a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient With Intractable Postoperative Recurrence and Metastases: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:784224. [PMID: 35372050 PMCID: PMC8965061 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.784224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a systemic disease, and most patients make the diagnosis at an advanced stage. In the past, treatments for recurrence of liver cancer with multiple metastases after surgery was very palliative, The case we present is a primary massive HCC patient with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus. Radical hepatectomy was performed in July 2016. Postoperative follow-up showed that sorafenib (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor TKI, 0.8g qd) failed to stop the progression of the disease. Fourteen months later, the patient gradually developed residual liver recurrence, multiple lung metastases and suspected splenic metastasis. The monotherapy regimen was changed from sorafenib to regorafenib (a TKI,160mg qd), but the disease continued to progress. The systematic treatment regimen was changed to Lenvatinib (a TKI, 8mg qd) plus Pembrolizumab (a immune checkpoint inhibitor ICI, 200mg q3w) in April 2019. Following treatment, partial remission (PR) was achieved. According to the mRECIST standard, the PFS has reached 24 months until March 2021, and the overall postoperative survival is 60 months until July 2021. The case we provide show that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based systemic therapy may be an effective rescue treatment choice for HCC patients with intractable postoperative recurrence and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaorong Peng
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hao Y, Li H, Zhao H, Liu Y, Ge X, Li X, Chen H, Yang A, Zou J, Li X, Sun X, Zhang X, Wang X, Li Z, Zhang Q, Wu H, Wang G, Zhang J, De Geest BG, Zhang Z. An Intelligent Nanovehicle Armed with Multifunctional Navigation for Precise Delivery of Toll-Like Receptor 7/8 Agonist and Immunogenic Cell Death Amplifiers to Eliminate Solid Tumors and Trigger Durable Antitumor Immunity. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102739. [PMID: 35306756 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is revolutionary in oncology and hematology. However, a low response rate restricts the clinical benefits of this therapy owing to inadequate T lymphocyte infiltration and low delivery efficiency of immunotherapeutic drugs. Herein, an intelligent nanovehicle (folic acid (FA)/1-(4-(aminomethyl) benzyl)-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (IMDQ)-oxaliplatin (F/IMO)@CuS) armed with multifunctional navigation is designed for the accurate delivery of cargoes to tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), respectively. The nanovehicle is based on a near infrared-responsive inorganic CuS nanoparticles, acting as a photosensitizer and carrier of the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin, and enters tumor cells owing to the presence of folic acid on the surface of CuS upon intratumoral injection. Furthermore, a toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist-conjugated polymer, anchored on the surface of CuS, is modified with mannose to bind with DCs in the tumor microenvironment. Upon exposure to laser irradiation, nanovehicles disassemble, releasing oxaliplatin, to ablate tumor cells and amplify immunogenic cell death in combination with photothermal therapy. Mannose-modified polymer-TLR7/8 agonist conjugates are subsequently exposed, leading to the activation of DCs and proliferation of T cells. Collectively, these intelligent nanovehicles reduce tumor burden, exert a robust antitumor immune response, and generate long-term immune protection to prevent tumor recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Ailu Yang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xuechun Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public Health Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xinke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate‐Based Medicine Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University 44 Wenhuaxi Road Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University 44 Wenhuaxi Road Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Zepeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Qilu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public Health Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Immunology College of Basic Medical Science Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning Province 116044 P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| | - Bruno G. De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics Ghent University Ottergemsesteenweg 460 Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250012 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Editorial on Special Issue “Immunotherapy, Tumor Microenvironment and Survival Signaling”. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010091. [PMID: 35008254 PMCID: PMC8750357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, novel types of immunotherapies such as CAR-T cell therapy demonstrated efficacy in leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma [...]
Collapse
|
16
|
Abraham G, Noronha V, Rajappa S, Agarwal A, Batra U, Somani N, Raja T, Patil S, Kaushal AM, Joshi A, Radhakrishnan V, Singh N, Babu G, Tewani R, Baghmar S, Dodagoudar C, Ananthakrishnan R, Haragadde Poppareddy S, Sharma V, Menon N, M Patil V, Joshi A, Gupta S, Prabhash K, Bajpai J. The clinical utility and safety of short-course immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple tumours-A real-world multicentric study from India. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:1045-1052. [PMID: 34751432 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The real-world data on short course of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use are sparse and merit exploration. A multicentric observational study on the safety and efficacy of ICI in oncology patients between August 2014 and October 2020 involves 1011 patients across 13 centers in India. The median age was 59 (min 16-max 98) years with male preponderance (77.9%). The predominant cohort received short-course ICI therapy; the median number of cycles was 5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1-27), and the median duration of therapy was 3 (95% CI 0.5-13) months. ICIs were used commonly in the second and third line setting in our study (66.4%, n = 671). Objective response rate (complete or partial response) was documented in 254 (25.1%) of the patients, 202 (20.0%) had stable disease, and 374 (37.0%) had progressive disease. The clinical benefit rate was present in 456 (45.1%). Among the patients whom ICI was stopped (n = 906), the most common reason for cessation of ICI was disease progression (616, 68.0%) followed by logistic reasons like financial constraints (234, 25.82%). With a median follow-up of 14.1 (95% CI 12.9-15.3) months, there were 616 events of progression and 443 events of death, and the median progression free survival and overall survival were 6.4 (95% CI 5.5-7.3) and 13.6 (95% CI 11.6-15.7) months, respectively, in the overall cohort. Among the immune-related adverse events, autoimmune pneumonitis (29, 3.8%) and thyroiditis (24, 2.4%) were common. Real-world multicentric Indian data predominantly with short-course ICI therapy have comparable efficacy/safety to international literature with standard ICI therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Abraham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Vanita Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Senthil Rajappa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amit Agarwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, BLK Superspeciality Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Ullas Batra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Somani
- Department of Medical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Shekhar Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ashish M Kaushal
- Department of Medical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ashish Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mumbai Oncocare Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Navneet Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Govind Babu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rohan Tewani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Saphalta Baghmar
- Department of Medical Oncology, BLK Superspeciality Hospital, Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Vibhor Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Paras Hospitals, Gurgaon, India
| | - Nandini Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Vijay M Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Jyoti Bajpai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Akhbariyoon H, Azizpour Y, Esfahani MF, Firoozabad MSM, Rad MR, Esfahani KS, Khoshavi N, Karimi N, Shirinisaz A, Abedi F, Rad MR, Sharifi P. Immune checkpoint inhibition for the treatment of cancers: An update and critical review of ongoing clinical trials. Clin Immunol 2021; 232:108873. [PMID: 34688855 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in Cancer immunotherapy in the past few years include the development of medications that modulate immune checkpoint proteins. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1), and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are three co-inhibitory receptors that are expressed in the tumor microenvironment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) that target these biomarkers unleash the properties of effector T cells that are licensed to kill cancer cells. Immune checkpoint blockade has dramatically changed the treatment landscape of many cancers. In this Review, we describe the current data regarding clinical trials of ICIs in six important cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), renal cell cancer (RCC), hodgkin lymphoma (HL), non-hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and head and neck cancer carcinoma (HNSCC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasaman Azizpour
- Department of Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-175 Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mehrdad Rabiee Rad
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Neda Khoshavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Negin Karimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Asal Shirinisaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abedi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Rabiee Rad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Sharifi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tang F, Tie Y, Wei YQ, Tu CQ, Wei XW. Targeted and immuno-based therapies in sarcoma: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188606. [PMID: 34371128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas represent a distinct group of rare malignant tumors with high heterogeneity. Limited options with clinical efficacy for the metastatic or local advanced sarcoma existed despite standard therapy. Recently, targeted therapy according to the molecular and genetic phenotype of individual sarcoma is a promising option. Among these drugs, anti-angiogenesis therapy achieved favorable efficacy in sarcomas. Inhibitors targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, mTOR, NTRK, metabolisms, and epigenetic drugs are under clinical evaluation for sarcomas bearing the corresponding signals. Immunotherapy represents a promising and favorable method in advanced solid tumors. However, most sarcomas are immune "cold" tumors, with only alveolar soft part sarcoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cellular therapies with TCR-engineered T cells, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and nature killer cells transfer show therapeutic potential. Identifying tumor-specific antigens and exploring immune modulation factors arguing the efficacy of these immunotherapies are the current challenges. This review focuses on the mechanisms, advances, and potential strategies of targeted and immune-based therapies in sarcomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthopeadics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Tie
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Quan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong-Qi Tu
- Department of Orthopeadics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xia-Wei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cervera-Carrascon V, Quixabeira DCA, Santos JM, Havunen R, Milenova I, Verhoeff J, Heiniö C, Zafar S, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, van Beusechem VW, de Gruijl TD, Kalervo A, Sorsa S, Kanerva A, Hemminki A. Adenovirus Armed With TNFa and IL2 Added to aPD-1 Regimen Mediates Antitumor Efficacy in Tumors Refractory to aPD-1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:706517. [PMID: 34367166 PMCID: PMC8343222 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.706517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-1 have revolutionized the field of oncology over the past decade. Nevertheless, the majority of patients do not benefit from them. Virotherapy is a flexible tool that can be used to stimulate and/or recruit different immune populations. T-cell enabling virotherapy could enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors, even in tumors resistant to these inhibitors. The T-cell potentiating virotherapy used here consisted of adenoviruses engineered to express tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-2 in the tumor microenvironment. To study virus efficacy in checkpoint-inhibitor resistant tumors, we developed an anti-PD-1 resistant melanoma model in vivo. In resistant tumors, adding virotherapy to an anti-PD-1 regimen resulted in increased survival (p=0.0009), when compared to anti-PD-1 monotherapy. Some of the animals receiving virotherapy displayed complete responses, which did not occur in the immune checkpoint-inhibitor monotherapy group. When adenoviruses were delivered into resistant tumors, there were signs of increased CD8 T-cell infiltration and activation, which - together with a reduced presence of M2 macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells - could explain those results. T-cell enabling virotherapy appeared as a valuable tool to counter resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The clinical translation of this approach could increase the number of cancer patients benefiting from immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Cervera-Carrascon
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dafne C A Quixabeira
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joao M Santos
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Havunen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ioanna Milenova
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Orca Therapeutics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Camilla Heiniö
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sadia Zafar
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Victor W van Beusechem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Suvi Sorsa
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Kanerva
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu Y, Liang S, Jiang D, Gao T, Fang Y, Fu S, Guan L, Zhang Z, Mu W, Chu Q, Liu Y, Zhang N. Manipulation of TAMs functions to facilitate the immune therapy effects of immune checkpoint antibodies. J Control Release 2021; 336:621-634. [PMID: 34246701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint antibodies have emerged as novel therapeutics, while many patients are refractory. Researchers had identified tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is the pivotal factor involved in immune resistance and that manipulation of TAMs functions would improve the immunotherapies effectively. NF-κB pathway was one of the master regulators in TAMs manipulation. Inhibition of NF-κB pathway could achieve both re-polarization M2 TAMs and downregulation the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ligand 1 (PD-L1) on TAMs to improve the effect of immunotherapies. Here, IMD-0354, inhibitor of NF-κB pathway was loaded in mannose modified lipid nanoparticles (M-IMD-LNP). Then, PD-1 antibody and M-IMD-LNP were co-loaded in matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) responsive and tumor target nanogels (P/ML-NNG). P/ML-NNG could co-deliver drugs to tumor site, disintegrated by MMP2 and release drugs to different targets. Evaluation of PD-1 expression, inhibition of NF-κB pathway, expression of PD-L1 on M2 TAMs and M2 TAMs re-polarization demonstrated that P/ML-NNG could block the PD-1/PD-L1 and NF-κB pathways simultaneously. Evaluation of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, Tregs, cytokines and antitumor immunity confirmed that IMD-0354 could improve the immunotherapies effectively. Those results provided forceful references for tumor immunetherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Dandan Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Tong Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Yuxiao Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Shunli Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Li Guan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Zipeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Weiwei Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Qihui Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Local oncolytic adenovirotherapy produces an abscopal effect via tumor-derived extracellular vesicles. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2920-2930. [PMID: 34023506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in various intercellular communication processes. The abscopal effect is an interesting phenomenon in cancer treatment, in which immune activation is generally considered a main factor. We previously developed a telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus, Telomelysin (OBP-301), and occasionally observed therapeutic effects on distal tumors after local treatment in immunodeficient mice. Here, we hypothesized that EVs may be involved in the abscopal effect of OBP-301. EVs isolated from the supernatant of HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells treated with OBP-301 were confirmed to contain OBP-301, and showed cytotoxic activity (apoptosis and autophagy) similar to OBP-301. In bilateral subcutaneous HCT116 and CT26 tumor models, intratumoral administration of OBP-301 produced potent antitumor effects on tumors that were not directly treated with OBP-301, involving direct mediation by tumor-derived EVs containing OBP-301. This indicates that immune activation is not the main factor in this abscopal effect. Moreover, tumor-derived EVs exhibited high tumor tropism in orthotopic HCT116 rectal tumors, in which adenovirus E1A and adenovirus type 5 proteins were observed in metastatic liver tumors after localized rectal tumor treatment. In conclusion, local treatment with OBP-301 has the potential to produce abscopal effects via tumor-derived EVs.
Collapse
|
22
|
Beyond Abscopal Effect: A Meta-Analysis of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Radiotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102352. [PMID: 34068133 PMCID: PMC8152785 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus radiotherapy is emerging as a new strategy in non-small cell lung cancer patients. There were biological basis for this combination, the aim of this review of the literature was to explore clinical trials using this combination and to summarize the results of published studies with meta-analysis. The results of our systematic review should encourage the research community to further investigate the relationship between immune checkpoint inhibitors and radiotherapy, which may improve oncological outcomes. Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) plus radiotherapy (RT) have been suggested as an emerging combination in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, little is known about the magnitude of its benefits and potential clinical predictors. Objective: To assess the effects of this combination on the increase in overall and progression-free survival. Data sources: The MEDLINE and CANCERLIT (1970–2020) electronic databases were searched, and the reference lists of included studies were manually searched. Study selection: Studies were included if they were comparative studies between combination ICI-RT and ICI or RT alone in advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed according to the treatment strategy. Data extraction: Data on population, intervention, and outcomes were extracted from each study, in accordance with the intention-to-treat method, by two independent observers and combined using the DerSimonian method and Laird method. Results: Compared to ICI or RT alone, ICI-RT significantly increased the 1-year and 3-year OS RR by 0.75 (95% CI 0.64–0.88; p = 0.0003) and 0.85 (95% CI 0.78–0.93; p = 0.0006), respectively. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant benefit on 1- and 3-year progression-free survival (RR 0.73 (95% CI, 0.61–0.87; p = 0.0005) and RR 0.82 (95% CI 0.67–0.99; p = 0.04), respectively). Conclusions: In patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC, combination ICI-RT increases 1- and 3-year OS and progression-free survival compared to ICI or RT alone.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lorusso L, Precone V, Hart IK, Giometto B, Pezzani R, Ngonga GK, Paolacci S, Ferrari D, Ricevuti G, Marshall E, Bertelli M. Immunophenotypical characterization of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome patients: a multicentric study. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
24
|
Combination of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Radiotherapy for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6631643. [PMID: 33488711 PMCID: PMC7803407 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6631643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) combined with radiotherapy (RT) have emerged as a breakthrough therapy in the treatment of various cancers. The combination has a strong rationale, but data on their efficacy and safety are still limited. Hence, we comprehensively searched the database and performed this study to elucidate the clinical manifestations of this combined strategy. Methods We performed a meta-analysis of randomized trials that compared ICI plus RT with placebo plus RT or ICI alone for the treatment of advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and prostate cancer. The outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), and treatment-related adverse events. A fixed-effects or random-effects model was adopted depending on between-study heterogeneity. Results Three trials involving 1584 patients were included. ICI plus RT was significantly associated with improvement of OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70–0.94, P=0.004), PFS (HR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.56–0.72, P < 0.00001), and DCR (relative risk [RR] = 1.38; 95% CI 1.03–1.84, P=0.03). A significant predictor for PFS with the combination of ICI and RT was age, as a significant improvement in PFS (HR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.37–0.64, P < 0.00001) was observed in NSCLC patients aged under 65 years. In safety analyses, patients receiving ICI plus RT had a significantly higher incidence of dyspnea (RR = 2.43; 95% CI 1.16–5.08, P=0.02) and pneumonitis of grade 3 or higher (RR = 2.78; 95% CI 1.32–5.85, P=0.007). Conclusion The combination of ICI and RT was associated with improved OS, PFS, and DCR. Patients under 65 years will be the dominant beneficiaries. However, the incidence of dyspnea and pneumonia of grade 3 or higher also increased, which deserves our vigilance.
Collapse
|
25
|
Vittrant B, Bergeron A, Molina OE, Leclercq M, Légaré XP, Hovington H, Picard V, Martin-Magniette ML, Livingstone J, Boutros PC, Collins C, Fradet Y, Droit A. Immune-focused multi-omics analysis of prostate cancer: leukocyte Ig-Like receptors are associated with disease progression. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1851950. [PMID: 33299664 PMCID: PMC7714461 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1851950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) immunotherapy has shown limited efficacy so far, even in advanced-stage cancers. The success rate of PCa immunotherapy might be improved by approaches more adapted to the immunobiology of the disease. The objective of this study was to perform a multi-omics analysis to identify immune genes associated with PCa progression to better characterize PCa immunobiology and propose new immunotherapeutic targets. mRNA, miRNA, methylation, copy number aberration, and single nucleotide variant datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas PRAD cohort were analyzed after filtering for genes associated with immunity. Sparse partial least squares-discriminant analyses were performed to identify features associated with biochemical recurrence (BCR) in each type of omics data. Selected features predicted BCR with a balanced error rate (BER) of 0.20 to 0.51 in single-omics and of 0.05 in multi-omics analyses. Amongst features associated with BCR were genes from the Immunoglobulin Ig-like Receptor (LILR) family which are immune checkpoints with immunotherapeutic potential. Using Multivariate INTegrative (MINT) analysis, the association of five LILR genes with BCR was quantified in a combination of three RNA-seq datasets and confirmed with Kaplan-Meier analysis in both these and in an independent RNA-seq dataset. Finally, immunohistochemistry showed that a high number of LILRB1 positive cells within the tumors predicted long-term adverse outcomes. Thus, tumors characterized by abnormal expression of LILR genes have an elevated risk of recurring after definitive local therapy. The immunotherapeutic potential of these regulators to stimulate the immune response against PCa should be evaluated in pre-clinical models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Vittrant
- Computational Biology Laboratory, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche Du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche Du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Oscar Eduardo Molina
- Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche Du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Mickael Leclercq
- Computational Biology Laboratory, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Xavier-Philippe Légaré
- Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche Du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Hélène Hovington
- Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche Du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie Picard
- Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche Du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Laure Martin-Magniette
- Universities of Paris Saclay, Paris, Evry, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), Gif Sur Yvette, France
| | - Julie Livingstone
- Departments of Human Genetics & Urology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Paul C. Boutros
- Departments of Human Genetics & Urology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Colin Collins
- Vancouver Prostate Cancer Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche Du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Computational Biology Laboratory, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Role, function and regulation of the thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein in CD8 + T cell exhaustion. Immunol Lett 2020; 229:1-7. [PMID: 33186634 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (TOX), a member of the high-motility group box (HMG) protein superfamily, is an evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding protein. It functions as a transcription factor that modulates transcriptional programs by binding to DNA in a structure-dependent manner. It has been well established that TOX is required for the development of CD4+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), as well as the autoimmunity mediated by CD8+ T cells. Recently, emerging evidence supports an essential role for TOX in the induction of T cell exhaustion in the setting of tumor or chronic viral infection by mediating transcriptional and epigenetic changes, which are cardinal hallmarks of exhausted T cells. Moreover, TOX plays a key role in the persistence of antigen-specific T cells and in the mitigation of tissue damage caused by immunopathology over the course of tumorigenesis and chronic infection. Additionally, TOX contributes to the high level of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on the cell surface by participating in the process of endocytic recycling of PD-1. In this review, we summarize the most recent information about the role of TOX in the process of T cell exhaustion, which enriches our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of CD8+ T cell exhaustion upon chronic antigen stimulation and reveals promising therapeutic targets for persisting infection and cancer.
Collapse
|
27
|
Gopanenko AV, Kosobokova EN, Kosorukov VS. Main Strategies for the Identification of Neoantigens. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2879. [PMID: 33036391 PMCID: PMC7600129 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic instability of tumors leads to the appearance of numerous tumor-specific somatic mutations that could potentially result in the production of mutated peptides that are presented on the cell surface by the MHC molecules. Peptides of this kind are commonly called neoantigens. Their presence on the cell surface specifically distinguishes tumors from healthy tissues. This feature makes neoantigens a promising target for immunotherapy. The rapid evolution of high-throughput genomics and proteomics makes it possible to implement these techniques in clinical practice. In particular, they provide useful tools for the investigation of neoantigens. The most valuable genomic approach to this problem is whole-exome sequencing coupled with RNA-seq. High-throughput mass-spectrometry is another option for direct identification of MHC-bound peptides, which is capable of revealing the entire MHC-bound peptidome. Finally, structure-based predictions could significantly improve the understanding of physicochemical and structural features that affect the immunogenicity of peptides. The development of pipelines combining such tools could improve the accuracy of the peptide selection process and decrease the required time. Here we present a review of the main existing approaches to investigating the neoantigens and suggest a possible ideal pipeline that takes into account all modern trends in the context of neoantigen discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vyacheslav S. Kosorukov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.G.); (E.N.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Radiotherapy-Mediated Immunomodulation and Anti-Tumor Abscopal Effect Combining Immune Checkpoint Blockade. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102762. [PMID: 32992835 PMCID: PMC7600068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a conventional method for clinical treatment of local tumors, which can induce tumor-specific immune response and cause the shrinkage of primary tumor and distal metastases via mediating tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Ionizing radiation (IR) induced tumor regression outside the radiation field is termed as abscopal effect. However, due to the mobilization of immunosuppressive signals by IR, the activated CD8+T cells are not sufficient to maintain a long-term positive feedback to make the tumors regress completely. Eventually, the "hot" tumors gradually turn to "cold". With the advent of emerging immunotherapy, the combination of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and local RT has produced welcome changes in stubborn metastases, especially anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 which have been approved in clinical cancer treatment. However, the detailed mechanism of the abscopal effect induced by combined therapy is still unclear. Therefore, how to formulate a therapeutic schedule to maximize the efficacy should be took into consideration according to specific circumstance. This paper reviewed the recent research progresses in immunomodulatory effects of local radiotherapy on the tumor microenvironment, as well as the unique advantage for abscopal effect when combined with ICB, with a view to exploring the potential application value of radioimmunotherapy in clinic.
Collapse
|
29
|
Modulation of the Gut Microbiota Alters the Tumour-Suppressive Efficacy of Tim-3 Pathway Blockade in a Bacterial Species- and Host Factor-Dependent Manner. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091395. [PMID: 32932843 PMCID: PMC7564046 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein-3 (Tim-3) is an immune checkpoint molecule and a target for anti-cancer therapy. In this study, we examined whether gut microbiota manipulation altered the anti-tumour efficacy of Tim-3 blockade. The gut microbiota of mice was manipulated through the administration of antibiotics and oral gavage of bacteria. Alterations in the gut microbiome were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Gut dysbiosis triggered by antibiotics attenuated the anti-tumour efficacy of Tim-3 blockade in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Anti-tumour efficacy was restored following oral gavage of faecal bacteria even as antibiotic administration continued. In the case of oral gavage of Enterococcus hirae or Lactobacillus johnsonii, transferred bacterial species and host mouse strain were critical determinants of the anti-tumour efficacy of Tim-3 blockade. Bacterial gavage did not increase the alpha diversity of gut microbiota in antibiotic-treated mice but did alter the microbiome composition, which was associated with the restoration of the anti-tumour efficacy of Tim-3 blockade. Conclusively, our results indicate that gut microbiota modulation may improve the therapeutic efficacy of Tim-3 blockade during concomitant antibiotic treatment. The administered bacterial species and host factors should be considered in order to achieve therapeutically beneficial modulation of the microbiota.
Collapse
|
30
|
Sonnessa M, Cioffi A, Brunetti O, Silvestris N, Zito FA, Saponaro C, Mangia A. NLRP3 Inflammasome From Bench to Bedside: New Perspectives for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1587. [PMID: 33014808 PMCID: PMC7498644 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial in cancer onset, progression and response to treatment. It is characterized by an intricate interaction of immune cells and cytokines involved in tumor development. Among these, inflammasomes are oligomeric molecular platforms and play a key role in inflammatory response and immunity. Inflammasome activation is initiated upon triggering of pattern recognition receptors (Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and Absent in melanoma like receptors), on the surface of immune cells with the recruitment of caspase-1 by an adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like protein. This structure leads to the activation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and participates in different biological processes exerting its effects. To date, the Nod-Like Receptor Protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been well studied and its involvement has been established in different cancer diseases. In this review, we discuss the structure, biology and mechanisms of inflammasomes with a special focus on the specific role of NLRP3 in breast cancer (BC) and in the sub-group of triple negative BC. The NLRP3 inflammasome and its down-stream pathways could be considered novel potential tumor biomarkers and could open new frontiers in BC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Sonnessa
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Cioffi
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco A. Zito
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| | - Anita Mangia
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Leonardi GC, Candido S, Falzone L, Spandidos DA, Libra M. Cutaneous melanoma and the immunotherapy revolution (Review). Int J Oncol 2020; 57:609-618. [PMID: 32582963 PMCID: PMC7384846 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a relatively short period of time, treatment strategies for metastatic melanoma have radically changed leading to an unprecedented improvement in patient survival. In this period, immunotherapy options have evolved from cytokine‑based approaches to antibody‑mediated inhibition of immune checkpoints, cancer vaccines and pharmacological modulation of the melanoma microenvironment. Combination of immunotherapy strategies and the association of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with BRAF V600 targeted therapy show encouraging results. The future of drug development in this field is promising. The comprehension of primary and acquired resistance mechanisms to ICIs and the dissection of melanoma immunobiology will be instrumental for the development of new treatment strategies and to improve clinical trial design. Moreover, biomarker discovery will help patient stratification and management during immunotherapy treatment. In this review, we summarize landmark clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced melanoma and discuss the rational for immunotherapy combinations. Immunotherapy approaches at early stage of clinical development and recent advances in melanoma immunotherapy biomarker development are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania
| | - Luca Falzone
- Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori 'Fondazione G. Pascale', I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Olejarz W, Kubiak-Tomaszewska G, Chrzanowska A, Lorenc T. Exosomes in Angiogenesis and Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165840. [PMID: 32823989 PMCID: PMC7461570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing ones. Exosomes are involved in angiogenesis in cancer progression by transporting numerous pro-angiogenic biomolecules like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and microRNAs. Exosomes promote angiogenesis by suppressing expression of factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Uptake of tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) by normal endothelial cells activates angiogenic signaling pathways in endothelial cells and stimulates new vessel formation. TEX-driven cross-talk of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with immune cells blocks their anti-tumor activity. Effective inhibition of tumor angiogenesis may arrest tumor progression. Bevacizumab, a VEGF-specific antibody, was the first antiangiogenic agent to enter the clinic. The most important clinical problem associated with cancer therapy using VEGF- or VEFGR-targeting agents is drug resistance. Combined strategies based on angiogenesis inhibitors and immunotherapy effectively enhances therapies in various cancers, but effective treatment requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Olejarz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.K.-T.)
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Kubiak-Tomaszewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.K.-T.)
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Chrzanowska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Lorenc
- 1st Department of Clinical Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-502-1073
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yao L, Jia G, Lu L, Bao Y, Ma W. Factors affecting tumor responders and predictive biomarkers of toxicities in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
34
|
Kooshkaki O, Derakhshani A, Safarpour H, Najafi S, Vahedi P, Brunetti O, Torabi M, Lotfinejad P, Paradiso AV, Racanelli V, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. The Latest Findings of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor Application in Gynecologic Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5034. [PMID: 32708748 PMCID: PMC7404077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers account for approximately 11% of the newly diagnosed cancers in women in the United States and for 18% globally. The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) influences the clinical outcome of cancer patients and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1), anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1), and anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (anti-CTLA-4), which have been approved for treating different types of malignancies. Antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint have shown dynamic and durable tumor regressions, suggesting a rebalancing of the host-tumor interaction. There are several the US food and drug administration (FDA)-approved ICIs targeting PD-1, including pembrolizumab and nivolumab, as well as those targeting PD-L1, including avelumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab for melanoma, renal cell cancer, colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer, cervix cancer, urothelial cancer, and lung cancer. Current pre-clinical and clinical studies assessing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in several gynecologic cancers have reported significant antitumor activity. In this review, we investigate pre-clinical and clinical studies that describe the safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, with a particular focus on ongoing clinical trials, analyzing the oncological outcome and adverse effects of ICIs in gynecologic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Kooshkaki
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
- Department of Immunology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (A.D.); (S.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Hossein Safarpour
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (A.D.); (S.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Parviz Vahedi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh 5165665931, Iran;
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Mitra Torabi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran;
| | - Parisa Lotfinejad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (A.D.); (S.N.); (P.L.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
| | - Angelo Virgilio Paradiso
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Vito Racanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665811, Iran; (A.D.); (S.N.); (P.L.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sinha AA. Checking autoimmune genetic risk to stratify immune checkpoint inhibitor responders. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13864-13866. [PMID: 32503915 PMCID: PMC7321960 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007744117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Animesh A Sinha
- Department of Dermatology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ruff M, Kizilbash S, Buckner J. Further understanding of glioma mechanisms of pathogenesis: implications for therapeutic development. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:355-363. [PMID: 32301635 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1757440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Recent discoveries in the molecular makeup of gliomas, the relationship of certain molecular drivers, and the patient's response to therapy and overall prognosis have resulted in a paradigm shift and redefined our understanding of glioma and revealed potential vulnerabilities within this recalcitrant and lethal disease.Areas covered: We summarize the current classification of malignant glioma in the context of the historical background, current data-driven treatment strategies, and recent discoveries of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of this disease which recapitulates the developing brain. We describe the relationship to common genetic alterations found in glioma, and possible avenues to exploit these newly revealed mechanisms.Expert opinion: Improved understanding of the molecular underpinnings of this disease has been directly translated into treatment decisions and an improved ability to counsel patients regarding their prognosis. We are beginning to see the first glimmer of a return on the investment in regard to immunotherapy in malignant glioma, with further anticipated successful exploitations of the unique pathophysiology of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ruff
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sani Kizilbash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jan Buckner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
The Efficacy and Safety of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Combination with Conventional Therapies for Advanced Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5059079. [PMID: 32461994 PMCID: PMC7225910 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5059079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of immuno-oncology combinational therapy (IOCT) versus monotherapy with programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors or conventional therapies, i.e., non-IOCT, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from January 2015 to October 2018 for eligible studies. We included randomized trials of IOCT with available hazard ratios (HR) for death. The random effects model was used to calculate pooled HR for death; heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. The main outcome measure was overall survival (OS). Results After screening 483 relevant articles, we identified twelve trials comprising 5388 patients for quantitative analysis. IOCT-treated patients had significantly higher tumor response rate (relative risk (RR): 2.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.82-3.47), prolonged progression-free survival (HR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.53-0.74), and OS (HR 0.69, 95% CI: 0.61-0.78), compared with non-IOCT–treated patients. Sensitivity analyses also demonstrated the OS advantage of IOCT across different combination modalities, intervention agents, malignancy types, and PD-L1 expression (all P < 0.05). Notably, there were higher odds of high-grade (grade ≥ 3) adverse events with IOCT (RR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.13-2.90), but the risk of treatment-related death (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.84–1.60) was not increased compared with non-IOCT. Conclusions IOCT is a preferable treatment option over PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy and conventional therapy for patients with advanced solid tumors. However, we should note the increased incidence rate of high-grade AEs in IOCT.
Collapse
|
38
|
Sun JR, Zhang X, Zhang Y. MiR-214 prevents the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by targeting PD-L1. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:68. [PMID: 31844419 PMCID: PMC6894298 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0190-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We explored the role and mechanism of miR-214 involvement in the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods The expression levels of miR-214 and PD-L1 in human DLBCL cell lines and in tissue samples from patients with DLBCL were determined using quantitative RT-PCR. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to determine the correlation between the expressions of miR-214 and PD-L1. Cell viability, invasiveness and apoptosis were respectively examined in cells of the DLBCL line OCI-Ly3 using CCK-8, transwell and flow cytometry assays. The expression level of PD-L1 was determined via immunoblotting. Inflammatory cytokine secretion was determined via enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Results miR-214 was downregulated and PD-L1 was upregulated in DLBCL tissues and cell lines in comparison to normal adjacent tissues or normal B-cell. This indicates a negative correlation in the expression levels. Overexpression of miR-214 inhibited cell viability and invasion and induced apoptosis of OCI-Ly3 cells. Moreover, miR-214 was shown to target PD-L1 mRNA by binding to its 3′-untranslated region (UTR). Knockdown of PD-L1 attenuated the malignant phenotype of OCI-Ly3 cells. Overexpression of miR-214 inhibited tumor growth by targeting PD-L1 in vivo. Conclusion By targeting PD-L1, miR-214 regulates the progression of DLBCL in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ran Sun
- Liaocheng Central Blood Station, 75 Huashan Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhang
- 3Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, Shandong 25200 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Emerging role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55100698. [PMID: 31627433 PMCID: PMC6843273 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. A total of 70–80% of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage with a dismal prognosis. Sorafenib had been the standard care for almost a decade until 2018 when the Food and Drug Administration approved an alternative first-line agent namely lenvatinib. Cabozantinib, regorafenib, and ramucirumab also displayed promising results in second line settings. FOLFOX4, however, results in an alternative first-line treatment for the Chinese clinical oncology guidelines. Moreover, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, two therapeutics against the Programmed death (PD)-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD1 axis have been recently approved for subsequent-line therapy. However, similar to other solid tumors, the response rate of single agent targeting PD-L1/PD1 axis is low. Therefore, a lot of combinatory approaches are under investigation, including the combination of different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the addition of ICIs after resection or during loco-regional therapy, ICIs in addition to kinase inhibitors, anti-angiogenic therapeutics, and others. This review focuses on the use of ICIs for the hepatocellular carcinoma with a careful assessment of new ICIs-based combinatory approaches.
Collapse
|
40
|
Bobrowicz M, Zagozdzon R, Domagala J, Vasconcelos-Berg R, Guenova E, Winiarska M. Monoclonal Antibodies in Dermatooncology-State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1420. [PMID: 31554169 PMCID: PMC6826541 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting specific proteins are currently the most popular form of immunotherapy used in the treatment of cancer and other non-malignant diseases. Since the first approval of anti-CD20 mAb rituximab in 1997 for the treatment of B-cell malignancies, the market is continuously booming and the clinically used mAbs have undergone a remarkable evolution. Novel molecular targets are constantly emerging and the development of genetic engineering have facilitated the introduction of modified mAbs with improved safety and increased capabilities to activate the effector mechanisms of the immune system. Next to their remarkable success in hematooncology, mAbs have also an already established role in the treatment of solid malignancies. The recent development of mAbs targeting the immune checkpoints has opened new avenues for the use of this form of immunotherapy, also in the immune-rich milieu of the skin. In this review we aim at presenting a comprehensive view of mAbs' application in the modern treatment of skin cancer. We present the characteristics and efficacy of mAbs currently used in dermatooncology and summarize the recent clinical trials in the field. We discuss the side effects and strategies for their managing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Radoslaw Zagozdzon
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Domagala
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Roberta Vasconcelos-Berg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Magdalena Winiarska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jiang C, Cao S, Li N, Jiang L, Sun T. PD-1 and PD-L1 correlated gene expression profiles and their association with clinical outcomes of breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:233. [PMID: 31516390 PMCID: PMC6734479 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapies that targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have obtained prominent success in breast cancer (BC). However, not all the patients benefit from the antibody therapy. This study aimed to identify PD-1/PD-L1 correlated genes and pathways as well as investigate their potential as prognostic marker in BC. Materials and methods By analysing transcriptional data of BC from TCGA, we identified PD-1 and PD-L1 correlated genes by WGCNA analysis and explored the biological process as well as pathways they enriched. Co-expression analysis were performed for PD-1/PD-L1 with immune infiltration and checkpoints. The prognostic value of PD-1 and PD-L1 were also investigated. Results PD-1 and PD-L1 expression showed significant difference in different molecular subtypes and stages. PD-1 correlated genes enriched in T cell activation, lymphocyte activation, leukocyte migration while PD-L1 correlated genes demonstrated enrichment including T cell apoptotic process, tolerance induction and cytolysis. Immune infiltration analysis suggested that PD-1 and PD-L1 were related with Neutrophils (r = 0.65, r = 0.48) and Fibroblasts (r = 0.59, r = 0.47). For immune checkpoints analysis, PD-1 was associated with HLA-A (r = 0.804) and INPP5D (r = 0.782) while PD-L1 correlated with CTLA4 (r = 0.843) and CD27 (r = 0.823). PD-1 was associated favorable survival of BC (HR = 0.67, P = 0.012) while PD-L1 did not demonstrate significant association with BC prognosis (HR = 0.85, P = 0.313). Conclusion PD-1 and PD-L1 correlated genes participated in biological process including T cell activation, lymphocyte activation, leukocyte migration, T cell apoptotic process, tolerance induction and cytolysis. PD-1/PD-L1 expression also demonstrated relation with immune infiltration and immune checkpoints. High PD-1 expression predicted better survival of breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cui Jiang
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and & Institute, 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - SunRun Cao
- 2Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- 2Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiang
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and & Institute, 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and & Institute, 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shen H, Yang ESH, Conry M, Fiveash J, Contreras C, Bonner JA, Shi LZ. Predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint blockade and opportunities for combination therapies. Genes Dis 2019; 6:232-246. [PMID: 32042863 PMCID: PMC6997608 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapies (ICBs) are a prominent breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy in recent years (named the 2013 “Breakthrough of the Year” by the Science magazine). Thus far, FDA-approved ICBs primarily target immune checkpoints CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1. Notwithstanding their impressive long-term therapeutic benefits, their efficacy is limited to a small subset of cancer patients. In addition, ICBs induce inadvertent immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and can be costly for long-term use. To overcome these limitations, two strategies are actively being pursued: identification of predictive biomarkers for clinical response to ICBs and multi-pronged combination therapies. Biomarkers will allow clinicians to practice a precision medicine approach in ICBs (biomarker-based patient selection) such as treating triple-negative breast cancer patients that exhibit PD-L1 staining of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in ≥1% of the tumor area with nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)–paclitaxel plus anti-PD-L1 and treating patients of MSI-H or MMR deficient unresectable or metastatic solid tumors with pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1). Importantly, the insights gained from these biomarker studies can guide rational combinatorial strategies such as CDK4/6 inhibitor/fractionated radiotherapy/HDACi in conjunction with ICBs to maximize therapeutic benefits. Further, with the rapid technological advents (e.g., ATCT-Seq), we predict more reliable biomarkers will be identified, which in turn will inspire more promising combination therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Eddy Shih-Hsin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Marty Conry
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - John Fiveash
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Carlo Contreras
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - James A Bonner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Lewis Zhichang Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.,Program in Immunology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| |
Collapse
|