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Zhu X, Ma C, Sa R, Wang Y, Zhu C, Zhao Y, Luo J, Liu X. CagA 3' region polymorphism of Helicobacter pylori and its association with chronic gastritis in the Chinese population. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 39171760 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) from Helicobacter pylori is highly related to chronic gastritis. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motifs from CagA determines the pathogenicity of H. pylori.Gap statement. The precise amino acid variations surrounding the EPIYA motifs and their correlation with clinical outcomes have been poorly explored.Aim. The purpose of this study was to examine the CagA 3' region polymorphism of H. pylori and its association with chronic gastritis in the Chinese population.Method. A total of 86 cagA-positive H. pylori strains were isolated from patients with chronic gastritis in two different hospitals in Beijing, PR China. Genomic DNA was extracted commercial kits, and the cagA 3' variable region of H. pylori was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were sequenced and analysed using the CLC Sequence Viewer, BioEdit, and WebLogo 3.Results. Two hundred and fifty-nine EPIYA motifs were identified from cagA-positive H. pylori strains. Notably, EPIYA-B exhibited a higher frequency of variation in comparison to EPIYA-A, EPIYA-C, and EPIYA-D. The prevalent sequences for East-Asian-type CagA were QVNK and TIDF, while KVNK and TIDD were most commonly observed for Western-type CagA. The CRPIA motifs of East-Asian-type CagA and Western-type CagA varied at positions 4, 6, 7, 8, and 10. CagA-ABD (73.2%) was the most prevalent type, followed by CagA-ABC (18.6%) and CagA-AB (3.4%). The ratio of CagA-ABD was observed to be higher in cases of chronic non-atrophic gastritis with erosive (NAGE) or chronic atrophic gastritis (AG) compared to chronic non-atrophic gastritis (NAG), and the difference was found to be statistically significant (χ2=59.000/64.000, P<0.001).Conclusions. The EPIYA segments of Western-type CagA and East-Asian-type CagA differ significantly and the presence of CagA-ABD may be associated with severe chronic gastritis from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, PR China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, PR China
| | - Chao Ma
- Beijing Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Beijing Prevention and Treatment Hospital of Occupational Disease for Chemical Industry, Beijing, PR China
| | - Rina Sa
- General internal medicine, Jingdong Medical Area, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chaohui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yajiao Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Juan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Diseases, Kunming, PR China
| | - Xiaochuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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Pete D, Salama NR, Lampe JW, Wu MC, Phipps AI. The prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection and cagA virulence gene carriage in adults in the Navajo Nation. MICROBIOTA IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2024; 6:e1007. [PMID: 39071941 PMCID: PMC11282893 DOI: 10.26355/mhd_20247_1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Background American Indian and Alaska Native people in the United States experience high rates of stomach cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection is a significant risk factor for stomach cancer, and H. pylori strains that carry the cagA gene are linked to greater gastrointestinal disease severity. Yet, little is known about H. pylori and cagA infections in American Indian and Alaska Native people, particularly at the tribal level. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of H. pylori infection and cagA gene carriage in tribal members from the Navajo Nation. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with adults from the Navajo Nation. Stool samples collected from participants were analyzed with droplet digital PCR for H. pylori 16S ribosomal and cagA virulence genes. Self-administered health and food questionnaires were mailed to participants to collect information on sociodemographic, health, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors for H. pylori infection. Logistic regression assessed the association between risk factors and H. pylori infection and cagA gene carriage. Results Among 99 adults, the median age was 45 (age range: 18 to 79 years), and 73.7% were female. About 56.6% (95% CI: 46.2-66.5) of participants were infected with H. pylori. Of H. pylori-infected participants, 78.6% (95% CI: 65.6-88.4) were cagA-gene positive. No significant associations of relevant risk factors with H. pylori and cagA-gene positive infections were noted. Conclusions In a community-based study population, a substantial proportion of adult tribal members had H. pylori and cagA-gene positive infections. Given these high proportions, culturally appropriate prevention strategies and interventions addressing H. pylori infections present an avenue for additional research and stomach cancer prevention in the Navajo Nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dornell Pete
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Nina R Salama
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Michael C Wu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
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Saruuljavkhlan B, Alfaray RI, Oyuntsetseg K, Gantuya B, Khangai A, Renchinsengee N, Matsumoto T, Akada J, Azzaya D, Davaadorj D, Yamaoka Y. Study of Helicobacter pylori Isolated from a High-Gastric-Cancer-Risk Population: Unveiling the Comprehensive Analysis of Virulence-Associated Genes including Secretion Systems, and Genome-Wide Association Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4528. [PMID: 37760497 PMCID: PMC10526929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of gastric cancer in Mongolia, in East Asia, remains the highest in the world. However, most Helicobacter pylori strains in Mongolia have a less virulent Western-type CagA. We aimed to determine how H. pylori genomic variation affected gastric diseases, especially gastric cancer, based on comprehensive genome analysis. METHODS We identified a set of 274 virulence-associated genes in H. pylori, including virulence factor and outer membrane protein (OMP) genes, the type four secretion system gene cluster, and 13 well-known virulence gene genotypes in 223 H. pylori strains and their associations with gastric cancer and other gastric diseases. We conducted a genome-wide association study on 158 H. pylori strains (15 gastric cancer and 143 non-gastric cancer strains). RESULTS Out of 274 genes, we found 13 genes were variable depending on disease outcome, especially iron regulating OMP genes. H. pylori strains from Mongolia were divided into two main subgroups: subgroup (Sg1) with high risk and Sg2 with low risk for gastric cancer. The general characteristics of Sg1 strains are that they possess more virulence genotype genes. We found nine non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in seven genes that are linked with gastric cancer strains. CONCLUSIONS Highly virulent H. pylori strains may adapt through host-influenced genomic variations, potentially impacting gastric carcinogenesis.
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Grants
- 18KK0266, 19H03473, 21H00346, 22H02871, 17K09353, 21K07898, 18K16182, 21K08010 Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 2021B13 Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University
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Affiliation(s)
- Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Ricky Indra Alfaray
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Khasag Oyuntsetseg
- Endoscopy Center, Mongolia Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (K.O.); (B.G.)
| | - Boldbaatar Gantuya
- Endoscopy Center, Mongolia Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (K.O.); (B.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Ayush Khangai
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Namsrai Renchinsengee
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Junko Akada
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
| | - Dashdorj Azzaya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Duger Davaadorj
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia; (D.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan; (B.S.); (R.I.A.); (A.K.); (N.R.); (T.M.); (J.A.)
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
- The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases (RCGLID), Oita University, Yufu 870-1192, Oita, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Al-Sheboul SA, Mohammad AAR, Shboul Y, Brown B, Matalka II. A Genetic and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Helicobacter pylori Phenotypes and p27 Expression in Adenocarcinoma Patients in Jordan. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2023; 13:212-225. [PMID: 37071369 PMCID: PMC10272050 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stomach (gastric) cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide and most gastric cancers are adenocarcinomas. Based on prior research, there is an association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection together with the frequency of duodenal ulcer, distal gastric adenocarcinoma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and antral gastritis. Helicobacter pylori virulence and toxicity factors have been identified before that significantly influence the clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma. However, it remains unclear exactly how different strains of H. pylori affect gastric adenocarcinoma. Current research suggests this involves tumor suppressor genes, like p27 but also H. pylori toxic virulence proteins. Therefore, we quantified known H. pylori genotypes within adenocarcinoma patients to establish the prevalence of known toxins that include cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) as well as vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA) within patients of variable adenocarcinoma diagnosis. This analysis used gastrectomy samples validated for DNA viability. The incidence of H. pylori in adenocarcinoma patients in Jordan was established to be 54.5% positive (ureA gene positive) with cagA genotype occurrence at 57.1%, but also in this population study vacA gene ratios found to be 24.7%:22.1%:14.3%:14.3%. (vacAs1:vacAs2:vacAm1:vacAm2). Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), we confirmed with statistical significance that p27 was dysregulated and suppressed, within nearly all H. pylori vacA genotypes. In addition, within 24.6% of H. pylori samples analyzed was a different bacterial genotype, and curiously that p27 protein expression was retained in 12% of tested adenocarcinoma H. pylori samples. This is suggestive that p27 could be used as a prognostic indicator but also that an unknown genotype could be contributing to the regulatory effects of p27 protein within this bacterial and cellular environment that may include other virulence factors and unknown immune system regulatory changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaila A. Al-Sheboul
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | - Ahmad Abdul-Razzak Mohammad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | - Yasemin Shboul
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | | | - Ismail I. Matalka
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, 22110 Jordan
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Shin WS, Xie F, Chen B, Yu P, Yu J, To KF, Kang W. Updated Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in Asia: Decreased Incidence but Still a Big Challenge. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092639. [PMID: 37174105 PMCID: PMC10177574 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the decline in incidence and mortality rates, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The incidence and mortality of GC are exceptionally high in Asia due to high H. pylori infection, dietary habits, smoking behaviors, and heavy alcohol consumption. In Asia, males are more susceptible to developing GC than females. Variations in H. pylori strains and prevalence rates may contribute to the differences in incidence and mortality rates across Asian countries. Large-scale H. pylori eradication was one of the effective ways to reduce GC incidences. Treatment methods and clinical trials have evolved, but the 5-year survival rate of advanced GC is still low. Efforts should be put towards large-scale screening and early diagnosis, precision medicine, and deep mechanism studies on the interplay of GC cells and microenvironments for dealing with peritoneal metastasis and prolonging patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Sum Shin
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Fuda Xie
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Miftahussurur M, Alfaray RI, Fauzia KA, Dewayani A, Doohan D, Waskito LA, Rezkitha YAA, Utomo DH, Somayana G, Fahrial Syam A, Lubis M, Akada J, Matsumoto T, Yamaoka Y. Low-grade intestinal metaplasia in Indonesia: Insights into the expression of proinflammatory cytokines during Helicobacter pylori infection and unique East-Asian CagA characteristics. Cytokine 2023; 163:156122. [PMID: 36640695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of intestinal metaplasia. In this study, we aimed to understand the reason underlying the low grade and incidence of intestinal metaplasia in Indonesia, based on the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines in gastric biopsy specimens. The possible reasons for the lesser virulence of the East-Asian-type CagA in Indonesia than that of the Western-type CagA, which is not common in other countries, were also investigated. The mRNA expression of cytokines was evaluated using real-time PCR. CagA characteristics were analyzed using in silico analysis. The expression of cytokines was typically not robust, among H. pylori-infected subjects in Indonesia, despite them predominantly demonstrating the East-Asian-type CagA. This might partially be explained by the characteristics of the East-Asian-type CagA in Indonesia, which showed a higher instability index and required higher energy to interact with proteins related to the cytokine induction pathway compared with the other types (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Taken together, besides the low prevalence of H. pylori, the low inflammatory response of the host and low CagA virulence, even among populations with high infection rates, may play an essential role in the low grade and low incidence of intestinal metaplasia in Indonesia. We believe that these findings would be relevant for better understanding of intestinal metaplasia, which is closely associated with the development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Miftahussurur
- Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Jalan Mayjend Prof, Dr. Moestopo, No. 6-8, Surabaya, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia; Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Ricky Indra Alfaray
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Kartika Afrida Fauzia
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu Oita 879-5593, Japan; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Astri Dewayani
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Department of Infectious Disease Control, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Pharmacology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia.
| | - Dalla Doohan
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Pharmacology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia.
| | - Langgeng Agung Waskito
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha
- Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah, Surabaya, Surabaya 60113, Indonesia.
| | - Didik Huswo Utomo
- Research and Education Center for Bioinformatics, Indonesia Institute of Bioinformatics, Malang 65162, Indonesia.
| | - Gde Somayana
- Gastroentero Hepatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Sanglah Hospital, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80114, Indonesia.
| | - Ari Fahrial Syam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Cipto Mangunkusumo Teaching Hospital, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Masrul Lubis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Cipto Mangunkusumo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia
| | - Junko Akada
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu Oita 879-5593, Japan; Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Ansari S, Yamaoka Y. Helicobacter pylori Infection, Its Laboratory Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Resistance: a Perspective of Clinical Relevance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0025821. [PMID: 35404105 PMCID: PMC9491184 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00258-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent decrease in overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, morbidity and mortality rates associated with gastric cancer remain high. The antimicrobial resistance developments and treatment failure are fueling the global burden of H. pylori-associated gastric complications. Accurate diagnosis remains the opening move for treatment and eradication of infections caused by microorganisms. Although several reports have been published on diagnostic approaches for H. pylori infection, most lack the data regarding diagnosis from a clinical perspective. Therefore, we provide an intensive, comprehensive, and updated description of the currently available diagnostic methods that can help clinicians, infection diagnosis professionals, and H. pylori researchers working on infection epidemiology to broaden their understanding and to select appropriate diagnostic methods. We also emphasize appropriate diagnostic approaches based on clinical settings (either clinical diagnosis or mass screening), patient factors (either age or other predisposing factors), and clinical factors (either upper gastrointestinal bleeding or partial gastrectomy) and appropriate methods to be considered for evaluating eradication efficacy. Furthermore, to cope with the increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance, a better understanding of its emergence and current diagnostic approaches for resistance detection remain inevitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Association of Progranulin Gene Expression from Dyspeptic Patients with Virulent Helicobacter pylori Strains; In Vivo Model. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050998. [PMID: 35630441 PMCID: PMC9145319 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Gastric cancer, the fourth most common cause of death from tumors in the world, is closely associated with Helicobacter pylori. Timely diagnosis, therefore, is essential to achieve a higher survival rate. In Chile, deaths from gastric cancer are high, mainly due to late diagnosis. Progranulin has reflected the evolution of some cancers, but has been poorly studied in gastric lesions. Aiming to understand the role of progranulin in H. pylori infection and its evolution in development of gastric lesions, we evaluated the genic expression of progranulin in gastric tissue from infected and non-infected patients, comparing it according to the epithelial status and virulence of H. pylori strains. (2) Methods: The genic expression of progranulin by q-PCR was quantified in gastric biopsies from Chilean dyspeptic patients (n = 75) and individuals who were uninfected (n = 75) by H. pylori, after receiving prior informed consent. Bacteria were grown on a medium Columbia agar with equine-blood 7%, antibiotics (Dent 2%, OxoidTM), in a microaerophilic environment, and genetically characterized for the ureC, vacA, cagA, and iceA genes by PCR. The status of the tissue was determined by endoscopic observation. (3) Results: Minor progranulin expression was detected in atrophic tissue, with a sharp drop in the tissue colonized by H. pylori that carried greater virulence, VacAs1m1+CagA+IceA1+. (4) Conclusions: Progranulin shows a differential behavior according to the lesions and virulence of H. pylori, affecting the response of progranulin against gastric inflammation.
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Altanbayar O, Amgalanbaatar A, Battogtokh C, Bayarjargal N, Belick D, Kohns Vasconcelos M, Mackenzie CR, Pfeffer K, Henrich B. Characterization of the cagA-gene in Helicobacter pylori in Mongolia and detection of two EPIYA-A enriched CagA types. Int J Med Microbiol 2022; 312:151552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2022.151552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Li N, Xu X, Yang H, Wang H, Ouyang Y, Zhou Y, Peng C, Yuan Z, He C, Zeng C, Hong J. Activation of Aquaporin 5 by carcinogenic Helicobacter pylori infection promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the MEK/ERK pathway. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12842. [PMID: 34331360 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. The water channel protein Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of AQP5 in H. pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected 160 samples which inculded CNAG, IM, Dys and gastric cancer from patients who underwent endoscopy and detected the expression of AQP5. In vivo and vitro H. pylori infection models, we explored the relationship between AQP5 and H. pylori. Plasmid, siRNA and inhibitors were used to investigated the relationship between AQP5 and EMT and the role of AQP5 in H. pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis. RESULT AQP5 expression was gradually increased in human gastric tissues with the progression of chronic nonatrophic gastritis to gastric cancer and associated with the H. pylori infection status. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that H. pylori infection induced AQP5 expression in gastric epithelial cells in a CagA-dependent manner. Knockdown of AQP5 reversed H. pylori-induced cell proliferation and invasion, and -suppressed cell apoptosis. Additionally, knockdown of AQP5 suppressed H. pylori-induced Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes by regulating transcriptional factors, mesenchymal markers, and epithelial markers. CONCLUSIONS We explored the underlying mechanism and our results indicated that knockdown of AQP5 significantly suppressed H. pylori infection-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, MEK and the expression levels of downstream genes. Treatment with an ERK inhibitor suppressed the EMT induced by H. pylori infection. Taken together, this study suggest that pathogenic H. pylori infection promotes AQP5 expression to induce the EMT via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinbo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaobin Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenxiang Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunyan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junbo Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Miftahussurur M, Waskito LA, Fauzia KA, Mahmudah I, Doohan D, Adnyana IK, Khomsan A, Ratnasari N, Rezkitha YAA. Overview of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Indonesia: What Distinguishes It from Countries with High Gastric Cancer Incidence? Gut Liver 2021; 15:653-665. [PMID: 32616679 PMCID: PMC8444112 DOI: 10.5009/gnl20019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacterpylori infects more than half the human population. However, the prevalence in Indonesia is low, as is the prevalence of gastric cancer. Hence, it could be instructive to compare these prevalence rates and their determining factors with those of countries that have high gastric cancer incidence. Ethnicity and genetic characteristics of H. pylori are important determinants of the H. pylori infection rate in Indonesia. The infection rate is higher in Bataknese, Papuans and Buginese than in Javanese, the predominant ethnic group. Ethnicity is also an important determinant of the genetic characteristics of H. pylori. Analysis of CagA in the EPIYA segment showed that the predominant genotypes in Papuans, Bataknese and Buginese are ABB-, ABD- and ABC-type CagA, respectively. Meanwhile, in the countries with high gastric cancer incidence, almost all strains had East Asian type CagA. An antibiotic susceptibility evaluation showed that the standard triple therapy can still be used with caution in several cities. There is a very high rate of resistance to second-line regimens such as levofloxacin and metronidazole. Recent studies have shown that furazolidone, rifabutin and sitafloxacin are potential alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant H. pylori infection in Indonesia. Rather than focusing on early detection and eradication as in countries with high gastric cancer prevalence, countries with low gastric cancer prevalence should focus on screening the several groups that have a high risk of gastric cancer. (Gut Liver 2021;15:-665)
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Miftahussurur
- Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Isna Mahmudah
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dalla Doohan
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - I Ketut Adnyana
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ali Khomsan
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Neneng Ratnasari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
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12
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Xue Z, Yang H, Su D, Song X, Deng X, Yu C, Sun C, He L, You Y, Gong Y, Fan D, Sun L, Han X, Fan R, Zhang M, Yan X, Qian J, Zhang J. Geographic distribution of the cagA, vacA, iceA, oipA and dupA genes of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated in China. Gut Pathog 2021; 13:39. [PMID: 34130751 PMCID: PMC8207754 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-021-00434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are geographic variations in the genotypes of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) cagA, vacA, iceA, oipA and dupA. The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of these genotypes among H. pylori strains from five regions of China and their association with clinical outcomes. Materials and methods Gastric biopsy specimens were obtained from 348 patients with different gastrointestinal diseases in the five regions of China. The regional distribution was 89 patients from Shandong, 91 from Guangxi, 57 from Hunan, 58 from Qinghai and 53 from Heilongjiang. The presence of cagA, vacA, iceA, oipA and dupA genotypes was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from H. pylori DNA. Results A total of 269 H. pylori isolates were obtained, of which 74 isolates were from Shandong, 78 from Guangxi, 46 from Hunan, 33 from Qinghai and 38 from Heilongjiang. The cagA-positive status was predominant in the five regions. The predominant vacA genotypes were s1c (73.4%), m2 (70.6%) and i1 (92.9%). In strains from Shandong, s1a and m1 were dominant. By contrast, s1c was dominant in Guangxi and i1 was dominant in Hunan and Heilongjiang. The prevalence of m2 subtype in Qinghai (78.8%) was significantly higher than that in other regions (P < 0.05). The predominant iceA genotype was iceA1 and the frequency of iceA1 was significantly more prevalent in Hunan than in other regions (P < 0.05). The oipA status “on” gene was more frequent in Shandong (91.9%) and Guangxi (91%) than in Heilongjiang (71.7%) (P < 0.05). Conversely, the dupA-positive status was less than half in Shandong (31.1%) and Guangxi (15.4%), whereas it was 73.9% in Hunan and 81.8% in Qinghai (P < 0.001). There were no significant associations between the cagA, vacA, iceA, oipA genotypes and clinical outcomes. The dupA-positive strains were more common in peptic ulcer disease (PUD) patients than in non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients in Shandong and Guangxi (P < 0.05), but the association was not observed in other geographic regions. Conclusions There was significant geographic diversity of H. pylori genotypes in different regions of China and the presence of dupA gene can be considered as a marker for the development of gastroduodenal diseases. However, the cagA, iceA, vacA and oipA genes cannot be regarded for prediction of the clinical presentation of H. pylori infection in China. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13099-021-00434-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxing Su
- The Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Xiangfeng Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rushan People's Hospital, Rushan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, Hunan, China
| | - Changhong Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi Medical University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunhua Sun
- The People's Hospital of Huzhu Tu Ethnic Autonomous County, Haidong, Qinghai, China
| | - Lihua He
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhai You
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dongjie Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiurui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyue Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Maojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaming Qian
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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13
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Xue Z, You Y, He L, Gong Y, Sun L, Han X, Fan R, Zhai K, Yang Y, Zhang M, Yan X, Zhang J. Diversity of 3' variable region of cagA gene in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Chinese population. Gut Pathog 2021; 13:23. [PMID: 33849660 PMCID: PMC8042891 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-021-00419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) is one of the most important virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). There is a highly polymorphic Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) repeat region in the C-terminal of CagA protein. This repeat region is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of cagA 3′ variable region and the amino acid polymorphisms in the EPIYA segments of the CagA C-terminal region of H. pylori, and their association with gastroduodenal diseases. Methods A total of 515 H. pylori strains from patients in 14 different geographical regions of China were collected. The genomic DNA from each strain was extracted and the cagA 3′ variable region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed using MEGA 7.0 software. Results A total of 503 (97.7%) H. pylori strains were cagA-positive and 1,587 EPIYA motifs were identified, including 12 types of EPIYA or EPIYA-like sequences. In addition to the four reported major segments, several rare segments (e.g., B′, B″ and D′) were defined and 20 different sequence types (e.g., ABD, ABC) were found in our study. A total of 481 (95.6%) strains carried the East Asian type CagA, and the ABD subtypes were most prevalent (82.1%). Only 22 strains carried the Western type CagA, which included AC, ABC, ABCC and ABCCCC subtypes. The CagA-ABD subtype had statistical difference in different geographical regions (P = 0.006). There were seven amino acid polymorphisms in the sequences surrounding the EPIYA motifs, among which amino acids 893 and 894 had a statistical difference with gastric cancer (P = 0.004). Conclusions In this study, 503 CagA sequences were studied and analyzed in depth. In Chinese population, most H. pylori strains were of the CagA-ABD subtype and its presence was associated with gastroduodenal diseases. Amino acid polymorphisms at residues 893 and 894 flanking the EPIYA motifs had a statistically significant association with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhai You
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua He
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiurui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyue Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kangle Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yaming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Maojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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The validation of the Helicobacter pylori CagA typing by immunohistochemistry: nationwide application in Indonesia. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151594. [PMID: 32778248 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to validate 2 types of antibodies, anti-CagA antibody and anti-East Asian CagA specific antibody (α-EAS antibody) for the determination of CagA status in Indonesia. We also confirmed the performance of α-EAS antibody for the detection of East Asian-type CagA H. pylori. Immunohistochemistry was performed using anti-CagA antibody and α-EAS antibody on gastric biopsy specimens from a total of 967 Indonesian patients. Diagnostic values of immunohistochemistry were evaluated with PCR-based sequencing as gold standard. Anti-CagA antibody had high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (87.0 %, 100 %, and 98.8 %, respectively) for determining CagA status. The α-EAS antibody was not suitable for the purpose of CagA status determination, as it had a low sensitivity (23.9 %). High specificity (97.6 %) but low sensitivity (41.2 %) and accuracy (66.3 %) was observed in α-EAS antibody to detect East Asian-type CagA. Patients with positive result of immunohistochemistry using anti-CagA antibody had significantly higher monocyte infiltration score in antrum (P < 0.001) and corpus (P = 0.009). In conclusion, the anti-CagA antibody is still suitable to be used in Indonesia for determining the CagA status, whilst the α-EAS antibody was not appropriate to discriminate between East Asian-type and non-East Asian-type CagA in Indonesia.
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Association between Active Helicobacter pylori Infection and Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060894. [PMID: 32545826 PMCID: PMC7355761 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide affecting almost 70 million individuals. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a widespread pathogen with systematic pathogenicity. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the contradictory data regarding a potential association between active H. pylori infection and glaucoma. Materials and Methods: A research in MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted and original studies investigating the relationship between H. pylori infection and glaucoma were included. Analysis was performed with random effects model. The main outcome was the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of H. pylori infection as a risk factor for glaucoma. A parallel analysis studied the role of active infection as indicated by histology and the titer of anti-H. pylori antibodies. For the anti-H. pylori antibody titers, weighted mean differences (WMD) were estimated between patients and controls. Results: Fifteen studies were included, with 2664 participants (872 patients with glaucoma and 1792 controls), divided into primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and pseudo-exfoliation glaucoma (PEG). The association between H. pylori infection and overall glaucoma was significant (OR = 2.08, CI 95% 1.48–2.93) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 61.54%). After stratification by glaucoma subtype, heterogeneity was eliminated in the NTG subgroup. Studies with healthy controls, and controls with anemia yielded very low or no heterogeneity, respectively. Gastric biopsy to document active H. pylori infection yielded the highest OR (5.4, CI: 3.17–9.2, p < 0.001) and null heterogeneity. For anti-H. pylori antibody titers, there was a significant difference in WMD between patients and controls (WMD 15.98 IU/mL; 95% CI: 4.09–27.87; p = 0.008); values were greater in glaucoma patients, with high heterogeneity (I2: 93.8%). Meta-regression analysis showed that mean age had a significant impact on glaucoma (p = 0.037). Conclusions: Active H. pylori infection may be associated with glaucoma with null heterogeneity, as, beyond histology, quantified by anti-H. pylori titers and increases with age.
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Lonjid T, Sambuu T, Tumurbat N, Banzragch U, Dondov G, Badamjav T, Davaa B, Tudev BE, Batsaikhan B. Incidence of Stomach and Esophageal Cancers in Mongolia: Data from 2009 to 2018. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2020; 10:16-21. [PMID: 32742967 PMCID: PMC7376595 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digestive organ cancer is a major public health issue both in Asia and in Mongolia. The most prevalent cancer-related deaths in Mongolia are registered as caused by the stomach, esophagus, and liver. There is a lack of study which investigated the accurate incidence of digestive organ cancer nationwide. Purpose We aimed to investigate the incidence of stomach and esophageal cancers in Mongolian population. Materials and methods Epidemiologic data were collected between 2009 and 2018 through the oncology departments of hospitals and medical centers in all provinces, soums (the smallest unit of provinces), and major districts of the capital city. We used appropriate statistical methods in SPSS software. Results The incidence of esophageal cancer in last 10 years (2009–2018) was 10.09 in 100,000 populations and the highest incidence was registered in Uvs (38.13), Bayan-Ulgii (24.15), and Zavkhan (18.18) provinces, respectively. The incidence of stomach cancer was 20.33 in 100,000 populations and the highest incidences were registered in Uvs (53.01), Khovd (46.02), and Darkhan-Uul (40.50) provinces, respectively. Conclusion The incidences of these cancers have increased last 10 years in some provinces. Stomach and esophageal cancers incidence in Mongolia is considerably higher compared to the other Asian countries. The nationwide targeted prevention program is needed. How to cite this article Lonjid T, Sambuu T, Tumurbat N, et al. Incidence of Stomach and Esophageal Cancers in Mongolia: Data from 2009 to 2018. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2020;10(1):16–21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulgaa Lonjid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Tsegmed Sambuu
- Department of Environmental Health, National Public Health Center, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Nasanjargal Tumurbat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Ulziisaikhan Banzragch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Ganchimeg Dondov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Tegshjargal Badamjav
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Bayar Davaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Bolor-Erdene Tudev
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Batbold Batsaikhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
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