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Huang T, Li A, Zhang S, Fan J, Hua Z, Wang X, Zhang C, Yang X. The role of gut microbiota in anorexia induced by T-2 toxin. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116612. [PMID: 38896898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is one of trichothecene mycotoxins, which can impair appetite and decrease food intake. However, the specific mechanisms for T-2 toxin-induced anorexia are not fully clarified. Multiple research results had shown that gut microbiota have a significant effect on appetite regulation. Hence, this study purposed to explore the potential interactions of the gut microbiota and appetite regulate factors in anorexia induced by T-2 toxin. The study divided the mice into control group (CG, 0 mg/kg BW T-2 toxin) and T-2 toxin-treated group (TG, 1 mg/kg BW T-2 toxin), which oral gavage for 4 weeks, to construct a subacute T-2 toxin poisoning mouse model. This data proved that T-2 toxin was able to induce an anorexia in mice by increased the contents of gastrointestinal hormones (CCK, GIP, GLP-1 and PYY), neurotransmitters (5-HT and SP), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) in serum of mice. T-2 toxin disturbed the composition of gut microbiota, especially, Faecalibaculum and Allobaculum, which was positively correlated with CCK, GLP-1, 5-HT, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, which played a certain role in regulating host appetite. In conclusion, gut microbiota changes (especially an increase in the abundance of Faecalibaculum and Allobaculum) promote the upregulation of gastrointestinal hormones, neurotransmitters, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may be a potential mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced anorexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Jiayan Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Zeao Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
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2
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Yang Y, Cao X, Wang Y, Wu X, Zhou P, Miao L, Deng X. Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist aprepitant regulates autophagy and apoptosis via ROS/JNK in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Int 2024; 44:1651-1667. [PMID: 38554043 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Aprepitant, a selective NK-1R antagonist, can inhibit the growth of various tumours in vitro and in vivo. However, it remains unclear whether aprepitant has cytotoxic effects on iCCA. METHODS We measured the expression of SP/NK-1R in clinical samples of iCCA by immunohistochemistry. Then, we detected the cytotoxic effects of aprepitant on iCCA cells via MTT, EdU and colony formation assay. We constructed a subcutaneous xenograft model of BALB/c nude mice by using HCCC-9810 and RBE cell lines to explore the effects of aprepitant in vivo. To elucidate the potential mechanisms, we explored the pro-apoptotic effect of aprepitant by flow cytometric, western blotting, ROS detection and JC-1 staining. Furthermore, we detected the autophagic level of HCCC-9810 and RBE by western blotting, mRFP-eGFP-LC3 adenovirus transfection and electron microscope. RESULTS SP/NK-1R is significantly expressed in iCCA. Aprepitant inhibited human iCCA xenograft growth and dose-dependently decreased the viability of RBE and HCCC-9810 cells. Aprepitant-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis through ROS/JNK pathway. Additionally, pretreatment with z-VAD-fmk partly reversed the effect of aprepitant on cell viability, while NAC completely attenuated the cytotoxic effects of aprepitant in vitro. Furthermore, we observed the dynamic changes of autophagosome in RBE and HCCC-9810 cells treated with aprepitant. CONCLUSION SP/NK-1R signalling is significantly activated in iCCA and promotes the proliferation of iCCA cells. By contrast, aprepitant can induce autophagy and apoptosis in iCCA cells via ROS accumulation and subsequent activation of JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueyan Cao
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Lab Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Miao
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueting Deng
- Institute of Digestive Endoscopy and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hong X, Ma J, Zheng S, Zhao G, Fu C. Advances in the research and application of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:91-105. [PMID: 38303494 PMCID: PMC10835208 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the substance P (SP)/neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) system has been found to be involved in various human pathophysiological disorders including the symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Besides, studies in the oncological field have demonstrated an intricate correlation between the upregulation of NK-1R and the activation of SP/NK-1R system with the progression of multiple carcinoma types and poor clinical prognosis. These findings indicate that the modulation of SP/NK-1R system with NK-1R antagonists can be a potential broad-spectrum antitumor strategy. This review updates the latest potential and applications of NK-1R antagonists in the treatment of human diseases and cancers, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the strategies to improve the bioavailability and efficacy of NK-1R antagonist drugs are summarized, such as solid dispersion systems, nanonization, and nanoencapsulation. As a radiopharmaceutical therapeutic, the NK-1R antagonist aprepitant was originally developed as radioligand receptor to target NK-1R-overexpressing tumors. However, combining NK-1R antagonists with other drugs can produce a synergistic effect, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect, alleviating the symptoms, and improving patients quality of life in several diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Hong
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Caiyun Fu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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4
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Wang HS, Lao J, Jiang RS, Wang B, Ma XP, Wang JY. Summary of biological research on hepatoblastoma: a scoping review. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1309693. [PMID: 38390281 PMCID: PMC10881832 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1309693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatoblastoma is the most prevalent primary hepatic malignancy in children, comprising 80% of pediatric hepatic malignancies and 1% of all pediatric malignancies. However, traditional treatments have proven inadequate in effectively curing hepatoblastoma, leading to a poor prognosis. Methods A literature search was conducted on multiple electronic databases (PubMed and Google Scholar). A total of 86 articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. Result This review aims to consolidate recent developments in hepatoblastoma research, focusing on the latest advances in cancer-associated genomics, epigenetic studies, transcriptional programs and molecular subtypes. We also discuss the current treatment approaches and forthcoming strategies to address cancer-associated biological challenges. Conclusion To provide a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms associated with hepatoblastoma occurrence, this review highlights three key aspects: genomics, epigenetics, and transcriptomics. Our review aims to facilitate the exploration of novel molecular mechanisms and the development of innovative clinical treatment strategies for hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Sheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Lao
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ren-Sen Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of ShanTou University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Yao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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Coveñas R, Rodríguez FD, Robinson P, Muñoz M. The Repurposing of Non-Peptide Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists as Antitumor Drugs: An Urgent Challenge for Aprepitant. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15936. [PMID: 37958914 PMCID: PMC10650658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The substance P (SP)/neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) system is involved in cancer progression. NK-1R, activated by SP, promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, the Warburg effect, and the prevention of apoptosis. Tumor cells overexpress NK-1R, which influences their viability. A typical specific anticancer strategy using NK-1R antagonists, irrespective of the tumor type, is possible because these antagonists block all the effects mentioned above mediated by SP on cancer cells. This review will update the information regarding using NK-1R antagonists, particularly Aprepitant, as an anticancer drug. Aprepitant shows a broad-spectrum anticancer effect against many tumor types. Aprepitant alone or in combination therapy with radiotherapy or chemotherapy could reduce the sequelae and increase the cure rate and quality of life of patients with cancer. Current data open the door to new cancer research aimed at antitumor therapeutic strategies using Aprepitant. To achieve this goal, reprofiling the antiemetic Aprepitant as an anticancer drug is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Coveñas
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Group GIR-BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Francisco D. Rodríguez
- Group GIR-BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Prema Robinson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Miguel Muñoz
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Research Laboratory on Neuropeptides (IBIS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain;
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Cao X, Yang Y, Zhou W, Wang Y, Wang X, Ge X, Wang F, Zhou F, Deng X, Miao L. Aprepitant inhibits the development and metastasis of gallbladder cancer via ROS and MAPK activation. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:471. [PMID: 37221457 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aprepitant, as a neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) antagonist, originally applied for curing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, has been reported to have significant antitumor effect on several malignant tumors. However, the effect of aprepitant on gallbladder cancer (GBC) is not clear yet. This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor activity of aprepitant on GBC and the potential mechanisms. METHODS The NK-1R expression of gallbladder cancer cells were examined by immunofluorescence. MTT assay, wound healing and transwell migration assay were applied to detect the effect of aprepitant on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate. The effects of aprepitant on the expressions of cytokine were examined by real-time quantitative PCR and MAPK activation were detected via immunofluorescence and western blotting. Besides, xenograft model was established to investigate the effect of aprepitant in vivo. RESULTS Our results indicated that NK-1R was markedly expressed in gallbladder cancer cells and aprepitant effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, the apoptosis, ROS and inflammation response were significantly boosted by aprepitant in GBC. Aprepitant induced NF-κB p65 nuclear translocationin and increased the expressions of p-P65, p-Akt, p-JNK, p-ERK and p-P38, as well as the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Consistently, aprepitant suppressed the growth of GBC in xenograft mice model. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that aprepitant could inhibit the development of gallbladder cancer via inducing ROS and MAPK activation, which suggested that aprepitant may become a promising therapeutic drug against GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Cao
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianxiu Ge
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Burn and Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu University Affiliated Hospital, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xueting Deng
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lin Miao
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Shen W, Wang X, Xiang H, Shichi S, Nakamoto H, Kimura S, Sugiyama K, Taketomi A, Kitamura H. IFN-γ-STAT1-mediated NK2R expression is involved in the induction of antitumor effector CD8 + T cells in vivo. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:1816-1829. [PMID: 36715504 PMCID: PMC10154869 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of antitumor effector T cells in the tumor microenvironment is a crucial event for cancer immunotherapy. Neurokinin receptor 2 (NK2R), a G protein-coupled receptor for neurokinin A (NKA), regulates diverse physiological functions. However, the precise role of NKA-NK2R signaling in antitumor immunity is unclear. Here, we found that an IFN-γ-STAT1 cascade augmented NK2R expression in CD8+ T cells, and NK2R-mediated NKA signaling was involved in inducing antitumor effector T cells in vivo. The administration of a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), into a liver cancer mouse model induced type I and type II IFNs and significantly suppressed the tumorigenesis of Hepa1-6 liver cancer cells in a STAT1-dependent manner. The reduction in tumor growth was diminished by the depletion of CD8+ T cells. IFN-γ stimulation significantly induced NK2R and tachykinin precursor 1 (encodes NKA) gene expression in CD8+ T cells. NKA stimulation combined with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment significantly augmented IFN-γ and granzyme B production by CD8+ T cells compared with the anti-CD3 mAb alone in vitro. ERK1/2 phosphorylation and IκBα degradation in activated CD8+ T cells were suppressed under NK2R deficiency. Finally, we confirmed that tumor growth was significantly increased in NK2R-deficient mice compared with that in wild-type mice, and the antitumor effects of poly I:C were abolished by NK2R absence. These findings suggest that IFN-γ-STAT1-mediated NK2R expression is involved in the induction of antitumor effector T cells in the tumor microenvironment, which contributes to the suppression of cancer cell tumorigenesis in vivo. In this study, we revealed that IFN-γ-STAT1-mediated NK2R expression is involved in the induction of antitumor effector CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment, which contributes to suppressing the tumorigenesis of liver cancer cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Shen
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Huihui Xiang
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Shichi
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakamoto
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Saori Kimura
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ko Sugiyama
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Taketomi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Kitamura
- Division of Functional Immunology, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Lee KT, Chen LY, Li WS, Lee HZ. Transcriptome analysis revealed the role of mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in the white strain of Hypsizygus marmoreus extracts-induced cell death of human hepatoma Hep3B cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1039376. [PMID: 36506551 PMCID: PMC9732266 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1039376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer mechanisms of white genius mushroom (WGM). WGM is a popular edible mushroom in Taiwan and has been demonstrated to mediate potent antiproliferation effects against human Hep3B liver cancer cells in our previous study. According to next generation sequencing technology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways were markedly changed during treatment with WGM extracts in Hep3B cells. Therefore, this study examined the effects of WGM extracts on the expression of mTOR and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins, such as PI3K, Akt, mTOR, Ras, Raf, MEK, ERK, p38 and JNK in Hep3B cells. According to the results of immunoblotting, we demonstrated that the protein expression of the members of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways were involved in WGM extracts-induced cell death. Furthermore, the inhibitors of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways such as rapamycin, MK2206, LY3214996 and SB202190, blocked the induction of cell death and vacuoles formation induced by WGM extracts. This study also demonstrated that WGM extracts is able to inhibit Hep3B cell migration and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition to being a very popular food, WGM should be a pharmacologically safe natural agent for cancer treatment. Therefore, WGM might be designed to develop into a dietary chemopreventive agent for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Tsung Lee
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sung Li
- Plant Pathology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Zin Lee
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Hong-Zin Lee,
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9
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Moral-Sanz J, Fernandez-Rojo MA, Colmenarejo G, Kurdyukov S, Brust A, Ragnarsson L, Andersson Å, Vila SF, Cabezas-Sainz P, Wilhelm P, Vela-Sebastian A, Fernández-Carrasco I, Chin YKY, López-Mancheño Y, Smallwood TB, Clark RJ, Fry BG, King GF, Ramm GA, Alewood PF, Lewis RJ, Mulvenna JP, Boyle GM, Sanchez LE, Neely GG, Miles JJ, Ikonomopoulou MP. The structural conformation of the tachykinin domain drives the anti-tumoral activity of an octopus peptide in melanoma BRAF V600E. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4878-4896. [PMID: 35818835 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Over the past decades, targeted therapies and immunotherapy have vastly improved survival and reduced the morbidity of patients with BRAF-mutated melanoma. However, drug resistance and relapse hinder overall success. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel compounds with therapeutic efficacy against BRAF- melanoma. This prompted us to investigate the antiproliferative profile of a tachykinin-peptide from the Octopus kaurna, Octpep-1 in melanoma. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We evaluated the cytotoxicity of Octpep-1 by MTT assay. Mechanistic insights on viability and cellular damage caused by Octpep-1 were gained via flow cytometry and bioenergetics. Structural and pharmacological characterization was conducted by molecular modelling, molecular biology, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, high-throughput mRNA and calcium flux analysis. In-vivo efficacy was validated in two independent xerograph animal models (mice and zebrafish). KEY RESULTS Octpep-1 selectively reduced the proliferative capacity of human melanoma BRAFV600E -mutated cells with minimal effects on fibroblasts. In melanoma-treated cells, Octpep-1 increased ROS with unaltered mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted non-mitochondrial and mitochondrial respiration with inefficient ATP coupling. Despite similarities with tachykinin peptides, knock-out or pharmacological blockade of tachykinin receptors suggested that Octpep-1 acts via a tachykinin-independent mechanism. Molecular modelling revealed that the cytotoxicity of Octpep-1 depends upon the α-helix and polyproline conformation in the C-terminal region of the peptide. Indeed, a truncated form of the C-terminal end of Octpep-1 displayed enhanced potency and efficacy against melanoma. Octpep-1 reduced the progression of tumors in xenograft melanoma mice and zebrafish, confirming its therapeutic potential in human BRAF-mutated melanoma. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We unravel the intrinsic anti-tumoral properties of a tachykinin peptide, possessing a pharmacology independent of tachykinin-receptors. This peptide mediates the selective cytotoxicity in BRAF-mutated melanoma in-vitro and prevents tumor progression in-vivo, providing the foundation for a potential therapy against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Moral-Sanz
- Translational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel A Fernandez-Rojo
- Hepatic Regenerative Medicine Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid, Spain.,Hepatic Fibrosis Group, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia.,Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Gonzalo Colmenarejo
- Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Unit, Madrid Institute for Advances Studies in Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergey Kurdyukov
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Andreas Brust
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Lotten Ragnarsson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Åsa Andersson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Sabela F Vila
- Translational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabezas-Sainz
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Patrick Wilhelm
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ana Vela-Sebastian
- Translational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yanni K Y Chin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Yaiza López-Mancheño
- Hepatic Regenerative Medicine Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Taylor B Smallwood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard J Clark
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Bryan G Fry
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Grant A Ramm
- Hepatic Fibrosis Group, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Jason P Mulvenna
- Infectious Diseases Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Glen M Boyle
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura E Sanchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - G Gregory Neely
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - John J Miles
- Department of Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,James Cook University, Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics and Centre for Biosecurity in Tropical Infectious Diseases, Cairns, Australia.,The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Maria P Ikonomopoulou
- Translational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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10
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Robinson P, Rodriguez E, Muñoz M. Substance P—Friend or Foe. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133609. [PMID: 35806893 PMCID: PMC9267209 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide and pain transmitter has multiple roles and is involved in various processes in the body [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Prema Robinson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (M.M.); Tel.: +1-713-745-8346 (P.R.); +34-955012965 (M.M.); Fax: +1-713-745-8388 (P.R.); +34-955012921 (M.M.)
| | - Emma Rodriguez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Miguel Muñoz
- Research Laboratory on Neuropeptides (IBIS), Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (M.M.); Tel.: +1-713-745-8346 (P.R.); +34-955012965 (M.M.); Fax: +1-713-745-8388 (P.R.); +34-955012921 (M.M.)
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11
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Li WS, Lee KTD, Chen LY, You BJ, Lee HZ. Identification of Key Pathways Involved in White Strain of Hypsizygus marmoreus Extracts-Induced Cell Death of Human Hepatoma Hep3B Cells by Next Generation Sequencing. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:888863. [PMID: 35784738 PMCID: PMC9243229 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
White strain of Hypsizygus marmoreus is named as white genius mushroom (WGM) and is a popular food in Taiwan. We have confirmed the cytotoxicity of WGM extracts on human Hep3B liver cancer cells. A total of 8711 significantly differential genes were identified through large-scale transcriptome sequencing. According to the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, autophagy, mitophagy and apoptosis pathways were identified as significant in WGM extracts-treated cells. WGM extracts induced a dose-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and membrane-enclosed vacuoles in Hep3B cells. The inhibition of ROS by the ROS scavengers blocked the induction of cell death and vacuoles formation. We suggested that the cell death and membrane-enclosed vacuoles induced by WGM extracts are dependent on ROS production in Hep3B cells. (2E,6E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35-Nonamethylhexatriaconta-2,6,34-triene-1,11,15,19,23,27,31-heptol and (18:2) lysophosphatidylcholine were identified in WGM extracts. In addition to being a very popular edible mushrooms, WGM may be developed into a dietary supplement or dietary chemopreventive agent for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sung Li
- Plant Pathology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tsung Denzel Lee
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Jau You
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Zin Lee
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hong-Zin Lee,
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12
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The Prognostic Potential of Neurokinin 1 Receptor in Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with Ki-67 Index. Int J Breast Cancer 2022; 2022:4987912. [PMID: 35419208 PMCID: PMC9001113 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4987912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. This study was aimed at investigating the expression level of NK1R in breast cancer tissues and its relationship with proliferation index as measured by Ki-67, clinicopathological characteristics of patients, and overall survival rate. Methods Immunohistochemical expression of NK1R and Ki-67 was measured in 164 paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues of four molecular subtypes (42 HER2-enriched, 40 luminal A, 42 luminal B, and 40 triple negative). NK1R was scored semiquantitatively, while Ki-67 was obtained by the percentage of total number of tumor cells with nuclear staining. The optimal cutoff values for NK1R and Ki-67 were assessed by Cutoff Finder. Pearson's Chi-square (χ2) and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the staining scores between groups. The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used for survival analysis. ANOVA and Student's t-test were used to compare group means. Results A total of 164 patients were included in the study which represented females with invasive ductal carcinoma. NK1R was expressed at high levels in about 34% of investigated cases. The mean Ki-67 level was about 27% and 41.5% of sample had high Ki-67 (expression level > 22%). NK1R expression levels were associated with higher tumor grade (p = 0.021) and high Ki-67 (p = 0.012). NK1R expression negatively impacted overall survival in grade II tumors (p = 0.027). Conclusion NK1R contributes to cellular proliferation and is associated with negative prognosis in breast cancer. These findings suggest the potential role of NK1R as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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13
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Shen Q, Liu X, Li W, Zhao X, Li T, Zhou K, Zhou J. Emerging Role and Mechanism of circRNAs in Pediatric Malignant Solid Tumors. Front Genet 2022; 12:820936. [PMID: 35116058 PMCID: PMC8804321 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.820936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with covalent closed-loop structures and are widely distributed in eukaryotes, conserved and stable as well as tissue-specific. Malignant solid tumors pose a serious health risk to children and are one of the leading causes of pediatric mortality. Studies have shown that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in the development of childhood malignant solid tumors, hence are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumors. This paper reviews the biological characteristics and functions of circRNAs as well as the research progress related to childhood malignant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyang Shen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of ENT, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- *Correspondence: Jianfeng Zhou, ; Kai Zhou,
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianfeng Zhou, ; Kai Zhou,
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14
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Kolorz J, Demir S, Gottschlich A, Beirith I, Ilmer M, Lüthy D, Walz C, Dorostkar MM, Magg T, Hauck F, von Schweinitz D, Kobold S, Kappler R, Berger M. The Neurokinin-1 Receptor Is a Target in Pediatric Rhabdoid Tumors. Curr Oncol 2021; 29:94-110. [PMID: 35049682 PMCID: PMC8775224 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdoid tumors (RT) are among the most aggressive tumors in early childhood. Overall survival remains poor, and treatment only effectively occurs at the cost of high toxicity and late adverse effects. It has been reported that the neurokinin-1 receptor/ substance P complex plays an important role in cancer and proved to be a promising target. However, its role in RT has not yet been described. This study aims to determine whether the neurokinin-1 receptor is expressed in RT and whether neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonists can serve as a novel therapeutic approach in treating RTs. By in silico analysis using the cBio Cancer Genomics Portal we found that RTs highly express neurokinin-1 receptor. We confirmed these results by RT-PCR in both tumor cell lines and in human tissue samples of various affected organs. We demonstrated a growth inhibitory and apoptotic effect of aprepitant in viability assays and flow cytometry. Furthermore, this effect proved to remain when used in combination with the cytostatic cisplatin. Western blot analysis showed an upregulation of apoptotic signaling pathways in rhabdoid tumors when treated with aprepitant. Overall, our findings suggest that NK1R may be a promising target for the treatment of RT in combination with other anti-cancer therapies and can be targeted with the NK1R antagonist aprepitant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kolorz
- Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (S.D.); (D.L.); (D.v.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Salih Demir
- Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (S.D.); (D.L.); (D.v.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Adrian Gottschlich
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (A.G.); (S.K.)
| | - Iris Beirith
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (M.I.)
- German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Lüthy
- Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (S.D.); (D.L.); (D.v.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Christoph Walz
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany;
| | - Mario M. Dorostkar
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Thomas Magg
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (F.H.)
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (F.H.)
| | - Dietrich von Schweinitz
- Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (S.D.); (D.L.); (D.v.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (A.G.); (S.K.)
- German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Einheit für Klinische Pharmakologie (EKLiP), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Roland Kappler
- Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (S.D.); (D.L.); (D.v.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Michael Berger
- Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (S.D.); (D.L.); (D.v.S.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-57859
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15
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Expression of Neurokinin B Receptor in the Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma Bone Microenvironment. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11061044. [PMID: 34200131 PMCID: PMC8229468 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11061044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) frequently invades the maxillary or mandibular bone, and bone destruction is known as a key prognostic factor in gingival SCCs. Recently, Neurokinin 3 receptor (NK-3R), the receptor ligand for NK-3, which is a member of the tachykinin family expressed in the central nervous system, was identified through pathway analysis as a molecule expressed in osteoclasts induced by the hedgehog signal. Although the expression of NK-3R has been detected in osteoclast and SCC cells at the bone invasion front, the relationship between NK-3R expression and the prognosis of gingival SCC patients remains unclear. In the present study, we retrospectively reviewed 27 patients with gingival SCC who had undergone surgery with curative intent. Significantly higher NK-3R expression in tumor cells was found in a case of jawbone invasion than in a case of exophytic poor jawbone invasion. On the other hand, no significant association was observed between NK-3R tumor-positive cases and tumor size, TNM stage, or tumor differentiation. The survival rate tended to be lower in NK-3R tumor-positive cases, but not significantly. However, the disease-specific survival rate was significantly lower in patients with a large number of NK-3R-positive osteoclasts than in those with a small number of them at the tumor bone invasion front. Our results suggest that NK-3R signaling in the gingival SCC bone microenvironment plays an important role in tumor bone destruction and should be considered a potential therapeutic target in advanced gingival SCC with bone destruction.
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16
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Significance of the Overexpression of Substance P and Its Receptor NK-1R in Head and Neck Carcinogenesis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061349. [PMID: 33802704 PMCID: PMC8002440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study has been, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, to increase the scientific evidence on the implications of SP and its receptor NK-1R in head and neck carcinogenesis. We searched studies published before May-2020 without date and publication language restrictions (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus). We evaluated the quality of the studies included (QUIPS tool). We performed heterogeneity, sensitivity, small-study effects, and subgroup analyses. A total 16 studies and 1308 cases met inclusion criteria. Qualitative evaluation demonstrated that not all studies were performed with the same scientific rigor, finding the greatest risk of bias in the study confounding and prognostic factors measurement domains. Quantitative evaluation showed a greater SP/NK-1R overexpression in malignant head and neck lesions compared to benign lesions (p = 0.02), and that expression was observed in malignant salivary gland pathology. Likewise, we found a higher overexpression of NK-1R compared to SP (p = 0.02). In conclusion, the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis show evidence that the upregulation of SP and NK-1R are oncogenic events involved in head and neck carcinogenesis, probably acting in the early stages of malignization. In addition, there is evidence of a greater relevance of the upregulation of the NK-1R receptor compared to SP, which highlights the interest in deepening the development of targeted therapies on the receptor. Future studies assessing the relationships between SP/NK-1R among subjects with head and neck tumors could consider the recommendations given in this systematic review and meta-analysis to improve and standardize future research.
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17
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Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the predominant primary liver tumor in children. While the prognosis is favorable when the tumor can be resected, the outcome is dismal for patients with progressed HB. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for HB is imperative for early detection and effective treatment. Sequencing analysis of human HB specimens unraveled the pivotal role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in this disease. Nonetheless, β-catenin activation alone does not suffice to induce HB, implying the need for additional alterations. Perturbations of several pathways, including Hippo, Hedgehog, NRF2/KEAP1, HGF/c-Met, NK-1R/SP, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR cascades and aberrant activation of c-MYC, n-MYC, and EZH2 proto-oncogenes, have been identified in HB, although their role requires additional investigation. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on HB molecular pathogenesis, the relevance of the preclinical findings for the human disease, and the innovative therapeutic strategies that could be beneficial for the treatment of HB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Antonio Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Cairo
- XenTech, Evry, France,Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Padova, Italy
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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18
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The Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist Aprepitant: An Intelligent Bullet against Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092682. [PMID: 32962202 PMCID: PMC7564414 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) antagonists exert antitumor action, are safe and do not cause serious side-effects. These antagonists (via the NK-1R) exert multiple actions against cancer: antiproliferative and anti-Warburg effects and apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and antimetastatic effects. These multiple effects have been shown for a broad spectrum of cancers. The drug aprepitant (an NK-1R antagonist) is currently used in clinical practice as an antiemetic. In in vivo and in vitro studies, aprepitant also showed the aforementioned multiple antitumor actions against many types of cancer. A successful combination therapy (aprepitant and radiotherapy) has recently been reported in a patient suffering from lung carcinoma: the tumor mass disappeared and side-effects were not observed. Aprepitant could be considered as an intelligent bullet against cancer. The administration of aprepitant in cancer patients to prevent recurrence and metastasis after surgical procedures, thrombosis and thromboembolism is discussed, as is the possible link, through the substance P (SP)/NK-1R system, between cancer and depression. Our main aim is to review the multiple antitumor actions exerted by aprepitant, and the use of this drug is suggested in cancer patients. Altogether, the data support the reprofiling of aprepitant for a new therapeutic use as an antitumor agent.
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19
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Singh S, Kumaravel S, Dhole S, Roy S, Pavan V, Chakraborty S. Neuropeptide Substance P Enhances Inflammation-Mediated Tumor Signaling Pathways and Migration and Proliferation of Head and Neck Cancers. Indian J Surg Oncol 2020; 12:93-102. [PMID: 33994734 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-020-01210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are extremely aggressive, highly recurrent, and the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Neuropeptide substance P, along with its primary receptor, neurokinin-1 (NK-1R), is overexpressed in HNC and is a central player in inflammation and growth and metastasis of several cancers. However, the precise SP-mediated signaling that promotes HNC progression remains ill defined. Using a panel of HNC lines, in this study, we investigated the effects of SP on proliferation and migration of HNC. Tumor cells were also treated with SP and alterations in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and their cognate receptors were analyzed by real-time PCR. Furthermore, we investigated the role of SP in inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and matrix metalloproteases that promote tumor invasion. Our results showed that SP significantly increased tumor cell proliferation and migration and induced the expression of several genes that promote tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis which was suppressed by a specific NK1R antagonist L-703606. SP also activated NFκB that was suppressed on inhibiting NK1R. Collectively, our data shows that SP-NK1R-mediated inflammatory signaling comprises an important signaling axis in promoting HNC and may prove to be effective clinical target against HNC cells that are resistant to traditional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Singh
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Subhashree Kumaravel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Saurabh Dhole
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Sukanya Roy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Vani Pavan
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
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