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Detassis S, Precazzini F, Grasso M, Del Vescovo V, Maines F, Caffo O, Campomenosi P, Denti MA. Plasma microRNA Signature as Companion Diagnostic for Abiraterone Acetate Treatment in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5573. [PMID: 38891761 PMCID: PMC11171781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Abiraterone acetate (AA) serves as a medication for managing persistent testosterone production in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, its efficacy varies among individuals; thus, the identification of biomarkers to predict and follow treatment response is required. In this pilot study, we explored the potential of circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) to stratify patients based on their responsiveness to AA. We conducted an analysis of plasma samples obtained from a cohort of 33 mCRPC patients before and after three, six, and nine months of AA treatment. Using miRNA RT-qPCR panels for candidate discovery and TaqMan RT-qPCR for validation, we identified promising miRNA signatures. Our investigation indicated that a signature based on miR-103a-3p and miR-378a-5p effectively discriminates between non-responder and responder patients, while also following the drug's efficacy over time. Additionally, through in silico analysis, we identified target genes and transcription factors of the two miRNAs, including PTEN and HOXB13, which are known to play roles in AA resistance in mCRPC. In summary, our study highlights two c-miRNAs as potential companion diagnostics of AA in mCRPC patients, offering novel insights for informed decision-making in the treatment of mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Detassis
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- OPTOI Srl, Via Vienna 8, 38100 Trento, TN, Italy
| | - Francesca Precazzini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Sezione di Bolzano, Via Laura Conti 4, 39100 Bolzano, BZ, Italy
| | - Margherita Grasso
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- L.N.Age Srl-Link Neuroscience and Healthcare, Via Mario Savini 15, 00136 Roma, RO, Italy
| | - Valerio Del Vescovo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
- Kapadi Italy Srl, Corso Italia 22, 20122 Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Francesca Maines
- Division of Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Largo Medaglie D’oro 9, 38122 Trento, TN, Italy
| | - Orazio Caffo
- Division of Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Largo Medaglie D’oro 9, 38122 Trento, TN, Italy
| | - Paola Campomenosi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, VA, Italy
| | - Michela A. Denti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, TN, Italy; (S.D.)
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Xu X, Zhong D, Wang X, Luo F, Zheng X, Feng T, Chen R, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Ma G. Pan-cancer integrated analysis of ANKRD1 expression, prognostic value, and potential implications in cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5268. [PMID: 38438492 PMCID: PMC10912109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
There is substantial evidence demonstrating the crucial role of inflammation in oncogenesis. ANKRD1 has been identified as an anti-inflammatory factor and is related to tumor drug resistance. However, there have been no studies investigating the prognostic value and molecular function of ANKRD1 in pan-cancer. In this study, we utilized the TCGA, GTEx, GSCALite, ENCORI, CTRP, DAVID, AmiGO 2, and KEGG databases as well as R language, to explore and visualize the role of ANKRD1 in tumors. We employed the ROC curve to explore its diagnostic significance, while the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression analysis were used to investigate its prognostic value. Additionally, we performed Pearson correlation analysis to evaluate the association between ANKRD1 expression and DNA methylation, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, TMB, MSI, MMR, and GSVA. Our findings indicate that ANKRD1 expression is dysregulated in pan-cancer. The ROC curve revealed that ANKRD1 expression is highly sensitive and specific in diagnosing CHOL, LUAD, LUSC, PAAD, SKCM, and UCS (AUC > 85.0%, P < 0.001). Higher ANKRD1 expression was related to higher overall survival (OS) in LGG, but with lower OS in COAD and STAD (P < 0.001). Moreover, Cox regression and nomogram analyzes suggested that ANKRD1 is an independent factor for COAD, GBM, HNSC, and LUSC. Dysregulation of ANKRD1 expression in pan-cancer involves DNA methylation and microRNA regulation. Using the CTRP database, we discovered that ANKRD1 may influence the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of several anti-tumor drugs. ANKRD1 expression showed significant correlations with immune cell infiltration (including cancer-associated fibroblast and M2 macrophages), immune checkpoints, TMB, MSI, and MMR. Furthermore, ANKRD1 is involved in various inflammatory and immune pathways in COAD, GBM, and LUSC, as well as cardiac functions in HNSC. In vitro experiments demonstrated that ANKRD1 promotes migration, and invasion activity, while inhibiting apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines (Caco2, SW480). In summary, ANKRD1 represents a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in human cancers, particularly in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusan Xu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Dan Zhong
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Longjiang Hospital, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Taoshan Feng
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Riling Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Yisen Cheng
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Institute of Children's Respiratory Diseases, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China.
| | - Guoda Ma
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Shunde Women and Children Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China.
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Wang Y, Fang L, Wang Y, Xiong Z. Current Trends of Raman Spectroscopy in Clinic Settings: Opportunities and Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2300668. [PMID: 38072672 PMCID: PMC10870035 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Early clinical diagnosis, effective intraoperative guidance, and an accurate prognosis can lead to timely and effective medical treatment. The current conventional clinical methods have several limitations. Therefore, there is a need to develop faster and more reliable clinical detection, treatment, and monitoring methods to enhance their clinical applications. Raman spectroscopy is noninvasive and provides highly specific information about the molecular structure and biochemical composition of analytes in a rapid and accurate manner. It has a wide range of applications in biomedicine, materials, and clinical settings. This review primarily focuses on the application of Raman spectroscopy in clinical medicine. The advantages and limitations of Raman spectroscopy over traditional clinical methods are discussed. In addition, the advantages of combining Raman spectroscopy with machine learning, nanoparticles, and probes are demonstrated, thereby extending its applicability to different clinical phases. Examples of the clinical applications of Raman spectroscopy over the last 3 years are also integrated. Finally, various prospective approaches based on Raman spectroscopy in clinical studies are surveyed, and current challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Wang
- Department of NephrologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Liuru Fang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical ProcessWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical ProcessWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China
| | - Zuzhao Xiong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical ProcessWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China
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Chen L, Fu Q, Du Y, Jiang ZY, Cheng Y. Transcriptome Analysis and Epigenetics Regulation in the Hippocampus and the Prefrontal Cortex of VPA-Induced Rat Model. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:167-174. [PMID: 37592184 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03560-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a highly heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by complex interaction between various genes and environmental factors. As the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are involved in social recognition, they are the regions of the brain implicated in autism. The effects of prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) can induce an ASD phenotype in both humans and rats; this tool is commonly used to model the complexity of ASD symptoms in the laboratory. However, researchers rarely undertake epigenetic regulation of the brain regions using this model. The present study has addressed this gap by examining gene expression abnormalities in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in the VPA rat model of ASD. mRNA and miRNA sequencing was performed on samples from the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the VPA model of autism. According to the analysis, 3000 mRNAs in the hippocampus and 2187 mRNAs in the prefrontal cortex showed a significant difference in expression between the VPA and saline groups. In addition, there were 115 DE miRNAs in the hippocampus and 14 DE miRNAs in the prefrontal cortex. Further, the predicted and validated target mRNA of DE miRNA enriched pathways involved neurotransmitter uptake, long-term synaptic depression, and AMPA receptor complex (anti-GluA2-b) in the hippocampus; as well as the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential in the prefrontal cortex. This revealed the negative regulation network of miRNAs-mRNAs in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, while filtering out key genes (miR-10a-5p and Grm3). Finally, the significant variable miR-10a-5p and its negative regulated genes (Grm3) were verified in both brain regions by QPCR. Importantly, the fact that miR-10a-5p downregulated Grm3 in both the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex may play a potentially significant role in the occurrence and development of autism. This study suggests that the VPA model has the potential to reproduce ASD-related hippocampus and prefrontal cortex abnormalities, at the epigenetic and transcriptional levels. Furthermore, the network of miRNAs-mRNAs was confirmed; this negative regulatory relationship may play a key role in determining the occurrence and development of autism. The study of this topic help better understand the pathogenesis of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center On Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center On Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Yong Jiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Center On Translational Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
- Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
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Gu Y, Feng X, Jin Y, Liu Y, Zeng L, Zhou D, Feng Y. Upregulation of miRNA-10a-5p promotes tumor progression in cervical cancer by suppressing UBE2I signaling. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2171283. [PMID: 36744815 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2171283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is a common malignant neoplasm in gynecology. There is increasing evidence to suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as crucial regulators of CC. However, whether miR-10a-5p plays a role in CC is under investigation. The aim of this stuy was to assess the miR-10a-5p expression pattern in the development of CC and investigate its downstream target. MiR-10a-5p inhibition decreased CC cell proliferation and impaired CC cell invasion and migration but enhanced apoptosis. UBE2I was a direct target of miR-10a-5p. QRT-PCR results showed a down-regulation of UBE2I in CC cells, opposing miR-10a-5p. Besides, overexpression of miR-10a-5p down-regulated UBE2I. Functional rescue experiments further indicated the miR-10a-5p-UBE2I axis was linked to CC cell growth, apoptosis and metastasis. MiR-10a-5p upregulation promotes cervical cancer development by inhibiting UBE2I. These results also predict that miR-10a-5p may be a potential target for the clinical treatment of CC.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? As a widely researched cancer-related miRNA, the overexpression of miR-10a-5p has been verified in various cancers. It has been described in a meta-analysis report that there were 42 miRNAs up-regulated and 21 miRNAs down-regulated in different stages of cervical cancer tissue versus healthy tissue.What do the results of this study add? We verified that miR-10a-5p initiates and promotes tumor cell development by decreasing UBE2I abundance. This miR-10a-5p-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of UBE2I is involved in the tumorigenesis, invasion and migration of human cervical cancer.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? These findings provide mechanistic insights into how miR-10a-5p regulates cervical cancer hyper-proliferation and metastasis, as well as a new target for clinical treatment. Nevertheless, whether miR-10a-5p/UBE2I axis can be regulated by non-invasive methods need further exploration, which will be the focus of our future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaodan Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanqi Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuanlin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dachun Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuling Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Larson J, Ozen MO, Kohli M, Akin D, Demirci U. Systematic Analysis of Tissue-Derived and Biofluid Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs Associated with Prostate Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023:e2200327. [PMID: 37300338 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as biomarker candidates for early detection of prostate cancer. Studies compare EV-microRNA (miRNA) expression in individuals with prostate cancer (PCa) with cancer-free samples for diagnostic purposes. The aim of this study is to review miRNA signatures to investigate the overlap between miRNAs enriched in PCa tissue and miRNAs enriched in EVs isolated from subjects with PCa biofluids (i.e., urine, serum, and plasma). Signatures dysregulated in EVs from PCa biofluids and tissue are potentially associated with the primary tumor site and might be more indicative of PCa at an early stage. A systematic review of EV-derived miRNAs and a reanalysis of PCa tissue miRNA sequencing data for comparison is presented. Articles in the literature are screened for validated miRNA dysregulation in PCa and compared with TCGA primary PCa tumor data using DESeq2. This resulted in 190 dysregulated miRNAs being identified. Thirty-one eligible studies are identified, indicating 39 dysregulated EV-derived miRNAs. The top ten markers identified as significantly dysregulated in the PCa tissue dataset TCGA (e.g., miR-30b-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-126-3p, and miR-196a-5p) have a significant expression change in EVs with the same directionality in one or several statistically significant results. This analysis highlights several less frequently studied miRNAs in PCa literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevan Larson
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Mehmet Ozgun Ozen
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Manish Kohli
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Demir Akin
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Bioacoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Labs, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering (by courtesy), Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, USA
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Mao Y, Zhang M, Wang L, Lu Y, Hu X, Chen Z. Role of microRNA carried by small extracellular vesicles in urological tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1192937. [PMID: 37333986 PMCID: PMC10272383 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1192937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are minute vesicles secreted by various cells that are capable of transporting cargo, including microRNAs, between donor and recipient cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length, have been implicated in a wide array of biological processes, including those involved in tumorigenesis. Emerging evidence highlights the pivotal role of miRNAs encapsulated in sEVs in both the diagnosis and treatment of urological tumors, with potential implications in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor microenvironment and drug resistance. This review provides a brief overview of the biogenesis and functional mechanisms of sEVs and miRNAs, followed by a summarization of recent empirical findings on miRNAs encapsulated in sEVs from three archetypal urologic malignancies: prostate cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and bladder cancer. We conclude by underscoring the potential of sEV-enclosed miRNAs as both biomarkers and therapeutic targets, with a particular focus on their detection and analysis in biological fluids such as urine, plasma, and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Mao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lanfeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yukang Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Li L, Mussack V, Görgens A, Pepeldjiyska E, Hartz AS, Aslan H, Rackl E, Rank A, Schmohl J, El Andaloussi S, Pfaffl MW, Schmetzer H. The potential role of serum extracellular vesicle derived small RNAs in AML research as non-invasive biomarker. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1691-1705. [PMID: 36926576 PMCID: PMC10012871 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00959e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EV) are cell-derived vesicles released by all cells in health and disease. Accordingly, EVs are also released by cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a hematologic malignancy characterized by uncontrolled growth of immature myeloid cells, and these EVs likely carry markers and molecular cargo reflecting the malignant transformation occurring in diseased cells. Monitoring antileukemic or proleukemic processes during disease development and treatment is essential. Therefore, EVs and EV-derived microRNA (miRNA) from AML samples were explored as biomarkers to distinguish disease-related patterns ex vivo or in vivo. METHODOLOGY EVs were purified from serum of healthy (H) volunteers and AML patients by immunoaffinity. EV surface protein profiles were analyzed by multiplex bead-based flow cytometry (MBFCM) and total RNA was isolated from EVs prior to miRNA profiling via small RNA sequencing. RESULTS MBFCM revealed different surface protein patterns in H versus AML EVs. miRNA analysis showed individual as well as highly dysregulated patterns in H and AML samples. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we provide a proof-of-concept for the discriminative potential of EV derived miRNA profiles as biomarkers in H versus AML samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Immune-Modulation, Medical Department III, University Hospital of Munich Marchioninistraße 15 81377 Munich Germany +49 89 4400 76137 +49 89 4400 73137
| | - Veronika Mussack
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany
| | - Elena Pepeldjiyska
- Immune-Modulation, Medical Department III, University Hospital of Munich Marchioninistraße 15 81377 Munich Germany +49 89 4400 76137 +49 89 4400 73137
| | - Anne Sophie Hartz
- Immune-Modulation, Medical Department III, University Hospital of Munich Marchioninistraße 15 81377 Munich Germany +49 89 4400 76137 +49 89 4400 73137
| | - Hazal Aslan
- Immune-Modulation, Medical Department III, University Hospital of Munich Marchioninistraße 15 81377 Munich Germany +49 89 4400 76137 +49 89 4400 73137
| | - Elias Rackl
- Immune-Modulation, Medical Department III, University Hospital of Munich Marchioninistraße 15 81377 Munich Germany +49 89 4400 76137 +49 89 4400 73137
| | - Andreas Rank
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Augsburg Augsburg Germany
| | - Jörg Schmohl
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich Freising Germany
| | - Helga Schmetzer
- Immune-Modulation, Medical Department III, University Hospital of Munich Marchioninistraße 15 81377 Munich Germany +49 89 4400 76137 +49 89 4400 73137
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Schneider L, Dansranjav T, Neumann E, Yan H, Pilatz A, Schuppe HC, Wagenlehner F, Schagdarsurengin U. Post-prostatic-massage urine exosomes of men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome carry prostate-cancer-typical microRNAs and activate proto-oncogenes. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:445-468. [PMID: 36321189 PMCID: PMC9980307 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) has a high prevalence of up to 15% and accounts for 90-95% of prostatitis diagnoses, and yet its etiopathogenesis and link to prostate cancer (PCa) are still unclear. Here, we investigated microRNAs in exosomes isolated from blood and post-prostatic-massage urine of CP/CPPS type IIIb patients and healthy men. THP-1 monocytes (human leukemia monocytic cell line) were treated with exosomes and subjected to mRNA arrays "Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Crosstalk" and "Transcription Factors." Using The Cancer Genome Atlas, the expression of CP/CPPS-associated microRNAs was analyzed in PCa and normal prostate tissue. In silico functional studies were carried out to explore the disease ontology of CP/CPPS. In CP/CPPS, urine exosomes exhibited significant upregulation of eight PCa-specific microRNAs (e.g., hsa-miR-501, hsa-miR-20a, and hsa-miR-106), whose target genes were significantly enriched for GO terms, hallmark gene sets, and pathways specific for carcinogenesis. In THP-1 monocytes, CP/CPPS-derived urine exosomes induced upregulation of PCa-associated proinflammatory genes (e.g., CCR2 and TLR2) and proto-oncogene transcription factors (e.g., MYB and JUNB). In contrast, CP/CPPS-derived blood exosomes exhibited molecular properties similar to those of healthy men. Thus, CP/CPPS exhibits molecular changes that constitute a risk for PCa and should be considered in the development of PCa biomarkers and cancer screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schneider
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany.,Working Group "Epigenetics of the Urogenital System," Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Temuujin Dansranjav
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Elena Neumann
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hang Yan
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany.,Working Group "Epigenetics of the Urogenital System," Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Adrian Pilatz
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Christian Schuppe
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian Wagenlehner
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Undraga Schagdarsurengin
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany.,Working Group "Epigenetics of the Urogenital System," Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
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Gao S, Liu S, Wei W, Qi Y, Meng F. Advances in targeting of miR‑10‑associated lncRNAs/circRNAs for the management of cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:89. [PMID: 36817057 PMCID: PMC9931999 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancements in sequencing technologies, an increasing number of aberrantly expressed long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified in various types of cancer. lncRNAs and circRNAs are now well-established tumor-influencing factors in cancer, driving not only tumor proliferation and invasion, but also cancer progression, drug resistance and metastatic recurrence. The majority of lncRNAs and circRNAs influence cancer progression by targeting microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs). miR-10a and miR-10b, key members of the miR-10 family, have been shown to play important regulatory roles in cell proliferation, differentiation to cancer progression, and development. Manual evaluation and grouping according to different types of competing endogenous RNA and tumor was performed. The review outlined the current state of knowledge on the regulation of miR-10 family-related lncRNAs and circRNAs. The involvement of lncRNAs and circRNAs in the biogenesis, maturation and function of malignant tumors through the miR-10 family, and the key gene targets and signaling cascades that lncRNAs and circRNAs regulate through the miR-10 family were summarized. Based on the findings of this review, it can be hypothesized that lncRNAs and circRNAs targeting the miR-10 family may serve as diagnostic/prognostic markers and/or therapeutic targets for the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China,Department of General Surgery I, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Wei
- Department of General Surgery I, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Yanxiu Qi
- Department of General Surgery I, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Fanshi Meng
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China,Department of General Surgery I, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Fanshi Meng, Department of General Surgery I, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, 348 Dexiang Street, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China, E-mail:
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11
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Xu D, Di K, Fan B, Wu J, Gu X, Sun Y, Khan A, Li P, Li Z. MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:948959. [PMID: 36324901 PMCID: PMC9618890 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.948959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs, with a length of about 18–22 nucleotides. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are derived from cells and play a vital role in the development of diseases and can be used as biomarkers for liquid biopsy, as they are the carriers of miRNA. Existing studies have found that most of the functions of miRNA are mainly realized through intercellular transmission of EVs, which can protect and sort miRNAs. Meanwhile, detection sensitivity and specificity of EV-derived miRNA are higher than those of conventional serum biomarkers. In recent years, EVs have been expected to become a new marker for liquid biopsy. This review summarizes recent progress in several aspects of EVs, including sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, and technology for isolation of EVs and detection of EV-derived miRNAs. In addition, the study reviews challenges and future research avenues in the field of EVs, providing a basis for the application of EV-derived miRNAs as a disease marker to be used in clinical diagnosis and even for the development of point-of-care testing (POCT) platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Xu
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Kaili Di
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boyue Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinrui Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Adeel Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education (Southeast University), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Li, ; Zhiyang Li,
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Li, ; Zhiyang Li,
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12
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Mir-29b in Breast Cancer: A Promising Target for Therapeutic Approaches. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092139. [PMID: 36140539 PMCID: PMC9497770 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-29 family comprises miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c, and these molecules play crucial and partially overlapped functions in solid tumors, in which the different isoforms are variously de-regulated and mainly correlated with tumor suppression. miR-29b is the most expressed family member in cancer, in which it is involved in regulating gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This review focuses on the role of miR-29b in breast cancer, in which it plays a controversial role as tumor suppressor or onco-miRNA. Here we have highlighted the dual effect of miR-29b on breast tumor features, which depend on the prevailing function of this miRNA, on the mature miR-29b evaluated, and on the breast tumor characteristics. Remarkably, the analyzed miR-29b form emerged as a crucial element in the results obtained by various research groups, as the most abundant miR-29b-3p and the less expressed miR-29b1-5p seem to play distinct roles in breast tumors with different phenotypes. Of particular interest are the data showing that miR-29b1-5p counteracts cell proliferation and migration and reduces stemness in breast tumor cells with a triple negative phenotype. Even if further studies are required to define exactly the role of each miR-29b, our review highlights its possible implication in phenotype-specific management of breast tumors.
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13
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Zhang G, Zhang X, Zhou K, Ling X, Zhang J, Wu P, Zhang T, Xie K, Dai G. miRNA-10a-5p Targeting the BCL6 Gene Regulates Proliferation, Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chicken Myoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179545. [PMID: 36076940 PMCID: PMC9455618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis are three essential stages in cell development, and miRNAs can achieve extensive regulation of cellular developmental processes by repressing the expression of target genes. According to our previous RNA-seq results, miRNA-10a-5p was differentially expressed at different periods in chicken myoblasts, revealing a possible association with muscle development. In this study, we concluded that miRNA-10a-5p inhibited chicken myoblasts’ proliferation and differentiation and promoted chicken myoblasts’ apoptosis by directly targeting BCL6, a critical transcription factor involved in muscle development and regeneration. Overexpression of BCL6 significantly facilitated myoblasts’ proliferation and differentiation and suppressed myoblasts’ apoptosis. On the contrary, knockdown of BCL6 significantly repressed myoblasts’ proliferation and differentiation and induced myoblasts’ apoptosis. The results above suggest that miRNA-10a-5p plays a potential role in skeletal muscle growth, development and autophagy by targeting the BCL6 gene. We first revealed the functions of miRNA-10a-5p and BCL6 in the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of chicken myoblasts.
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14
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Che P, Jiang S, Zhang W, Zhu H, Hu D, Wang D. A novel prognostic model based on three clinic-related miRNAs for prostate cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:872953. [PMID: 35959113 PMCID: PMC9357906 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.872953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignant tumor in men worldwide. MiRNAs have been reported to play significant roles in prognosis prediction for patients with malignant tumors. Methods The survival-related miRNAs (sDMIRs) were identified by Cox regression analysis. A risk score model (RSM) was established based on three sDMIRs. The expression levels of sDMIRs in cell lines and clinical samples were detected via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlations between sDMIRs and clinicopathological characteristics of PCa patients were evaluated using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability method. Results Four sDMIRs were remarkably related to the prognosis of PCa patients based on univariate Cox analysis, of which miR-10a-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-508-3p were used to establish the RSM. The OS in the low-risk group was better than that in the high-risk group. In the verification of various prostate cell lines and clinical samples from 162 PCa patients, the prominently higher expression of miR-10a-5p and miR-20a-5p and lower expression of miR-508-3p were detected in PCa cell lines and tumor tissues, especially the more advanced T-stage. Besides, the higher expression of miR-20a-5p and miR-10a-5p was significantly correlated to the higher level of PSA, Gleason score, more advanced T-stage, and distant metastasis status. Conclusion We identify and validate the clinical significance of three sDMIRs and establish a verified RSM to evaluate the prognosis for PCa patients. The findings not only provide a reliable tool for clinical decision-makers to evaluate patients' prognosis but also offer a novel perspective into the field of biomarker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Shihao Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huixuan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daorong Hu
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Hechuan, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence: Delin Wang tgzy2021202110@126com Daorong Hu
| | - Delin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence: Delin Wang tgzy2021202110@126com Daorong Hu
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15
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Zhao C, Miao J, Sun R, Liang R, Chen W, Gao Y, Wang X, Han S, Zhao W, Lei T, Huang C. MBD1/HDAC3-miR-5701-FGFR2 axis promotes the development of gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:5878-5894. [PMID: 35876658 PMCID: PMC9365560 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide due to the lack of specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis and universal accepted therapy for advanced GC. Lower levels of miR-5701 were found in the GC tissue from the online sequencing data and confirmed in the GC tissues and GC cell lines. Overexpression of miR-5701 inhibited the proliferation and migration of GC cells and promoted the apoptosis of these cells. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase assay showed that miR-5701 targeted FGFR2, which acted as an oncogene in GC. Nude mice with GC cells overexpressing miR-5701 exhibited smaller tumor sizes and less lung metastases. The miR-5701 expression was directly, transcriptionally inhibited by MBD1 together with HDAC3 by binding together to form a complex. Knocked down MBD1 or HDAC3 increased the miR-5701 expression. These results indicated the potential use of exogenously administered miR-5701 or agents that elevated endogenous miR-5701 to inhibit GC, improving the prognosis of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiyu Miao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Chest Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenhu Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical School of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Shuiping Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenbao Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
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16
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Zhao J, Ma X, Xu H. miR‑29b‑3p inhibits 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell proliferation through the YWHAE/BCL‑2 regulatory axis. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:289. [PMID: 35928803 PMCID: PMC9344263 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumours in the world and seriously affects health of men. Studies have shown that microRNA (miR)-29b-3p and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon (YWHAE) play important roles in influencing the proliferation and apoptosis of PCa cells. However, the molecular mechanism of miR-29b-3p and YWHAE in the proliferation and apoptosis of PCa cells remains unclear. In the present study, bioinformatics as well as in vivo and in vitro experiments were used to predict and verify the targeting relationship between YWHAE and mir-29B-3p and investigate the potential roles of YWHAE and mir-29b-3p in the proliferation and apoptosis of 22RV1 cells. Using bioinformatics and a double luciferase system assay, it was confirmed that miR-29b-3p can target YWHAE 3′untranslated region and affect the expression of YWHAE, suggesting that miR-29b-3p may be a potential miRNA of YWHAE. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, Cell Counting Kit-8, Transwell and cell scratch assays showed that miR-29b-3p significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of 22Rv1 cells (P<0.01). Rescue experiments demonstrated that YWHAE gene introduction reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-29b-3p on 22Rv1 cells. Western blotting revealed that the upregulation of miR-29b-3p inhibited YWHAE expression, resulting in a very significant decrease in the ratio of p-BAD/BAD and full-length caspase 3/cleaved caspase 3 (P<0.01) and an extremely significant increase in the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 (P<0.01). A tumourigenesis test in nude mice in vivo confirmed that the upregulation of miR-29b-3p inhibited tumour growth by targeting YWHAE. The present experiments confirmed that miR-29b-3p plays a tumour suppressor role in 22Rv1 PCa cells, and the YWHAE/BCL-2 regulatory axis plays a vital role in miR-29b-3p regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of 22Rv1 cells. These results may provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and targeted treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Houqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
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17
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Kim WH, Lee JU, Jeon MJ, Park KH, Sim SJ. Three-dimensional hierarchical plasmonic nano-architecture based label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy detection of urinary exosomal miRNA for clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:114116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Durur DY, Tastan B, Ugur Tufekci K, Olcum M, Uzuner H, Karakülah G, Yener G, Genc S. Alteration of miRNAs in Small Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles of Alzheimer's Disease Patients and the Effect of Extracellular Vesicles on Microglial Immune Responses. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1182-1194. [PMID: 35488079 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most severe neurodegenerative diseases observed in the elderly population. Although the hallmarks of AD have been identified, the methods for its definitive diagnosis and treatment are still lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become a promising source for biomarkers since the identification of their content. EVs are released from multiple cell types and, when released from neurons, they pass from the brain to the blood with their cargo molecules. Hence, neuron-specific EV-resident microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for diagnosis of AD. This study aimed to identify altered miRNA content in small neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (sNDEVs) isolated from AD patients and healthy individuals. Furthermore, we examined the role of sNDEV-resident miRNAs in neuron-glia cellular interaction to understand their role in AD propagation. We identified 10 differentially expressed miRNAs in the sNDEVs of patients via next-generation sequencing and validated the most dysregulated miRNA, let-7e, with qRT-PCR. Let-7e was significantly increased in the sNDEVs of AD patients compared with those of healthy controls in a larger cohort. First, we evaluated the diagnostic utility of let-7e via ROC curve analysis, which revealed an AUC value of 0.9214. We found that IL-6 gene expression was increased in human microglia after treatment with sNDEVs of AD patients with a high amount of let-7e. Our study suggests that sNDEV-resident let-7e is a potential biomarker for AD diagnosis, and that AD patient-derived sNDEVs induce a neuroinflammatory response in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Yagmur Durur
- Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bora Tastan
- Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ugur Tufekci
- Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melis Olcum
- Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hamdiye Uzuner
- Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Karakülah
- Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gorsev Yener
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey. .,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey. .,Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
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19
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Wang C, Wang Y, Fu Z, Huang W, Yu Z, Wang J, Zheng K, Zhang S, Li S, Chen J. MiR-29b-3p Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Downregulating COL1A1 and COL5A1. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837581. [PMID: 35530352 PMCID: PMC9075584 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate genetic expression and are also vital for tumor initiation and development. MiR-29b-3p was found to be involved in regulating various biological processes of tumors, including tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis inhibition; however, the biofunction and molecule-level mechanisms of miR-29b-3p inpapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remain unclear. Methods The expression of miR-29b-3p in PTC samples was tested via qRT-PCR. Cellular proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 and EdU assays, and cellular migratory and invasive abilities were assessed utilizing wound-healing and Transwell assays. In addition, protein expressions of COL1A1, COL5A1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin were identified via Western blot (WB) assay. Bioinformatics, qRT-PCR, WB, and dual luciferase reporter assays were completed to identify whether miR-29b-3p targeted COL1A1 and COL5A1. In addition, our team explored the treatment effects of miR-29b-3p on a murine heterograft model. Results Our findings revealed that miR-29b-3p proved much more regulated downward in PTC tissue specimens than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Meanwhile, decreased expression of miR-29b-3p was strongly related to the TNM stage of PTC patients (p<0.001), while overexpression of miR-29b-3p in PTC cells suppressed cellular migration, invasion, proliferation, and EMT. Conversely, silencing miR-29b-3p yielded the opposite effect. COL1A1 and COL5A1 were affirmed as the target of miR-29b-3p. Additionally, the COL1A1 and COL5A1 were highly expressed in PTC tumor samples than in contrast to neighboring healthy samples. Functional assays revealed that overexpression of COL1A1 or COL5A1 reversed the suppressive role of miR-29b-3p in migration, invasion, and EMT of PTC cells. Finally, miR-29b-3p agomir treatment dramatically inhibited Xenograft tumor growth in the animal model. Conclusions These findings document that miR-29b-3p inhibited PTC cells invasion and metastasis by targeting COL1A1 and COL5A1; this study also sparks new ideas for risk assessment and miRNA replacement therapy in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Zhao Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Weijia Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Zhu Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Kaitian Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Siwen Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Hernia and Enterofistula Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Junqiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Gland Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Clinical Research Lab, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Junqiang Chen,
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20
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Santo GD, Frasca M, Bertoli G, Castiglioni I, Cava C. Identification of key miRNAs in prostate cancer progression based on miRNA-mRNA network construction. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:864-873. [PMID: 35222845 PMCID: PMC8844601 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the major male cancers. Differential diagnosis of PC is indispensable for the individual therapy, i.e., Gleason score (GS) that describes the grade of cancer can be used to choose the appropriate therapy. However, the current techniques for PC diagnosis and prognosis are not always effective. To identify potential markers that could be used for differential diagnosis of PC, we analyzed miRNA-mRNA interactions and we build specific networks for PC onset and progression. Key differentially expressed miRNAs for each GS were selected by calculating three parameters of network topology measures: the number of their single regulated mRNAs (NSR), the number of target genes (NTG) and NSR/NTG. miRNAs that obtained a high statistically significant value of these three parameters were chosen as potential biomarkers for computational validation and pathway analysis. 20 miRNAs were identified as key candidates for PC. 8 out of 20 miRNAs (miR-25-3p, miR-93-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-615-3p, miR-7-5p, miR-375, and miR-92a-3p) were differentially expressed in all GS and proposed as biomarkers for PC onset. In addition, "Extracellular-receptor interaction", "Focal adhesion", and "microRNAs in cancer" were significantly enriched by the differentially expressed target genes of the identified miRNAs. miR-10a-5p was found to be differentially expressed in GS 6, 7, and 8 in PC samples. 3 miRNAs were identified as PC GS-specific differentially expressed miRNAs: miR-155-5p was identified in PC samples with GS 6, and miR-142-3p and miR-296-3p in PC samples with GS 9. The efficacy of 20 miRNAs as potential biomarkers was revealed with a Random Forest classification using an independent dataset. The results demonstrated our 20 miRNAs achieved a better performance (AUC: 0.73) than miRNAs selected with Boruta algorithm (AUC: 0.55), a method for the automated feature extraction. Studying miRNA-mRNA associations, key miRNAs were identified with a computational approach for PC onset and progression. Further experimental validations are needed for future translational development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Dal Santo
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Via F. Cervi 93, Segrate-Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy.,Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 18, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Frasca
- Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 18, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gloria Bertoli
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Via F. Cervi 93, Segrate-Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Castiglioni
- Department of Physics "Giuseppe Occhialini", University of Milan-Bicocca Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Cava
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Via F. Cervi 93, Segrate-Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy
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21
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Zhu J, Du S, Zhang J, Huang G, Dong L, Ren E, Liu D. microRNA-10a-5p from gastric cancer cell-derived exosomes enhances viability and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by targeting zinc finger MYND-type containing 11. Bioengineered 2022; 13:496-507. [PMID: 34969361 PMCID: PMC8805907 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (exo) could modulate the biological behaviors of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Here, the role of microRNA (miR)-10a-5p-modified gastric cancer (GC) cells-derived exo for HUVECs was studied. GC tissue specimens were collected, and miR-10a-5p and zinc finger MYND-type containing 11 (ZMYND11) levels were determined. HUVECs interfered with ZMYND11 or miR-10a-5p-related oligonucleotides. Exo was extracted from GC cells (HGC-27 exo), and miR-10a-5p mimic-modified HGC-27 exo were co-cultured with HUVECs. HUVECs viability, migration and angiogenesis were evaluated, and miR-10a-5p/ZMYND11 crosstalk was explored. It was observed that GC patients had raised miR-10a-5p and reduced ZMYND11, and miR-10a-5p negatively mediated ZMYND11 expression. Suppression of miR-10a-5p or overexpression of ZMYND11 inhibited viability, migration and tube formation ability of HUVECs. Notably, miR-10a-5p mimic-modified HGC-27 exo enhanced the viability, migration and tube formation ability of HUVECs, but this effect was impaired after up-regulating ZMYND11. In summary, miR-10a-5p from GC cells-derived exo enhances viability and migration of HUVECs by suppressing ZMYND11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shasha Du
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, And College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Guangzhao Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lujia Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Enbo Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Dechun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
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22
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Liquid Biopsies: Flowing Biomarkers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1379:341-368. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Li X, Huang Y, Han Y, Yang Q, Zheng Y, Li W. LncPVT1 regulates osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells via miR-10a-5p/brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J Periodontol 2021; 93:1093-1106. [PMID: 34793611 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the factors affecting osteoblast differentiation ofperiodontal ligamentcells (PDLCs) can help enhance the regeneration of periodontal tissue.LncRNAplasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (lncPVT1) is an important regulatory factor involved in many biological processes, but its role in osteogenesisremains unclear. METHODS Expressionsof osteogenic markers were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Alkaline phosphatase staining was conducted for early osteoblast differentiation and alizarin red S staining was used for mineral deposition. RNA sequencing was used to identify the miRNAs regulated by lncPVT1 during osteogenesis. Cell transfection was used to overexpress or knockdown lncPVT1 and miR-10a-5p. Dual luciferase reporter assayswere conducted to analyze the binding of miR-10a-5p to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). RESULTS LncPVT1 was significantly increased during osteogenic induction of PDLCs. Overexpression of lncPVT1 promoted osteogenesis, whereas lncPVT1 knockdown inhibited this process. RNA sequencing showed that miR-10a-5p expression was significantly increased after lncPVT1 knockdown.RNA immunoprecipitation assay further demonstrated the binding potential of lncPVT1 and miR-10a-5p. MiR-10a-5p inhibited the osteogenesis of PDLCs, and partially reversed the stimulatory effects of lncPVT1.Subsequently, we identified a predicted binding site for miR-10a-5p on BDNF and confirmed it using dual luciferase reporter assays. Moreover, lncPVT1 upregulated the expression of BDNF, while miR-10a-5p downregulated BDNF expression. BDNF promoted osteogenesis and partially rescued the si-lncPVT1-mediated inhibition of PDLCs osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSION LncPVT1 positively regulated the osteogenic differentiation of PDLCs via miR-10a-5p and BDNF.Our resultsprovide a promising target for enhancing the osteogenic potential of PDLCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Yineng Han
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Qiaolin Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
| | - Weiran Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
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24
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Kim CJ, Dong L, Amend SR, Cho YK, Pienta KJ. The role of liquid biopsies in prostate cancer management. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3263-3288. [PMID: 34346466 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy has emerged as a complement to invasive tissue biopsy to guide cancer diagnosis and treatment. The common liquid biopsy biomarkers are circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Each biomarker provides specific information based on its intrinsic characteristics. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in males worldwide. In men with low-grade localized prostate cancer, the disease can often be managed by active surveillance. For men who require treatment, the 5-year survival rate of localized prostate cancer is the highest among all cancer types, but the metastatic disease remains incurable. Metastatic prostate cancer invariably progresses to involve multiple bone sites and develops into a castration-resistant disease that leads to cancer death. The need to appropriately diagnose and guide the serial treatment of men with prostate cancer has led to the implementation of many studies to apply liquid biopsies to prostate cancer management. This review describes recent advancements in isolation and detection technology and the strength and weaknesses of the three circulating biomarkers. The clinical studies based on liquid biopsy results are summarized to depict the future perspective in the role of liquid biopsy on prostate cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ju Kim
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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25
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TCF21 regulates miR-10a-5p/LIN28B signaling to block the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255971. [PMID: 34424910 PMCID: PMC8382182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Some research has suggested that miRNA-10a (miR-10a-5p) had an inhibitory function in proliferation and invasion of cancers. Whereas the role of miR-10a-5p in melanoma has not been fully explored. This study aims to confirm LIN28B as the targeted gene of miR-10a-5p which was explored in melanoma cells. In addition, upstream regulatory molecule of miR-10a-5p was also investigated in melanoma cells. Methods Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was adopted to analyze miR-10a-5p expression level in melanoma and the normal human epidermal melanocyte cells. Several biological assays were performed to evaluate miR-10a-5p influences on cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability in A375 and B16-F10 cells. Gene prediction of miRNA targeting and a dual luciferase assay were applied to assess miR-10a-5p-targeted LIN28B. Western blot assessed the impacts of miR-10a-5p on the protein expression of LIN28B. Western blot analyzed the TCF21 effects on the expression of LIN28B and RT-qPCR assessed the influence of TCF21 on the expression level of miRNA-10a. In addition, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Assay and JASPAR databases were employed to explore the regulatory relationship between TCF21 and miR-10a-5p. Results We discovered that miR-10a-5p expression was lower in melanoma cells and high expression of miR-10a-5p suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of melanoma cells. We also discovered that miR-10a-5p targeted the LIN28B mRNA 3′UTR area and diminished LIN28B protein expression. We found that LIN28B expression was strongly decreased by TCF21 upregulation in the two melanoma cells. The qRT-PCR assay showed that miR-10a-5p expression level was obviously boosted by increased TCF21 expression. The results also demonstrated that TCF21 directly regulated miR-10a-5p at transcript levels. Conclusion TCF21 induced miRNA-10a targeting LIN28B could affect the progression and growth of melanoma.
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26
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Rode MP, Silva AH, Cisilotto J, Rosolen D, Creczynski-Pasa TB. miR-425-5p as an exosomal biomarker for metastatic prostate cancer. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110113. [PMID: 34371055 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer-related deaths are mostly caused by metastasis, which indicates the importance of identifying clinical prognostic biomarkers. In this study, we evaluated the expression profile of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) cell lines (LNCaP and PC-3). miRNA signatures in exosomes and cells were evaluated by miRNA microarray analysis. Fourteen miRNAs were identified as candidates for specific noninvasive biomarkers. The expression of five miRNAs was validated using RT-qPCR, which confirmed that miR-205-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-183-5p, and miR-425-5p were differentially expressed in mPCa exosomes. Bioinformatic analyses showed that miR-425-5p was associated with residual tumor, pathologic T and N stages, and TP53 status in PCa samples. Gene ontology analysis of negatively correlated and predicted targeted genes showed enrichment of genes related to bone development pathways. The LinkedOmics database indicated that the potential target HSPB8 has a significant negative correlation with miR-425-5p. In conclusion, this study identified a panel of exosomal miRNAs with potential value as prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Patrícia Rode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Adny Henrique Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Júlia Cisilotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Daiane Rosolen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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27
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Bordanaba-Florit G, Royo F, Kruglik SG, Falcón-Pérez JM. Using single-vesicle technologies to unravel the heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:3163-3185. [PMID: 34135505 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00551-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous lipid containers with a complex molecular cargo comprising several populations with unique roles in biological processes. These vesicles are closely associated with specific physiological features, which makes them invaluable in the detection and monitoring of various diseases. EVs play a key role in pathophysiological processes by actively triggering genetic or metabolic responses. However, the heterogeneity of their structure and composition hinders their application in medical diagnosis and therapies. This diversity makes it difficult to establish their exact physiological roles, and the functions and composition of different EV (sub)populations. Ensemble averaging approaches currently employed for EV characterization, such as western blotting or 'omics' technologies, tend to obscure rather than reveal these heterogeneities. Recent developments in single-vesicle analysis have made it possible to overcome these limitations and have facilitated the development of practical clinical applications. In this review, we discuss the benefits and challenges inherent to the current methods for the analysis of single vesicles and review the contribution of these approaches to the understanding of EV biology. We describe the contributions of these recent technological advances to the characterization and phenotyping of EVs, examination of the role of EVs in cell-to-cell communication pathways and the identification and validation of EVs as disease biomarkers. Finally, we discuss the potential of innovative single-vesicle imaging and analysis methodologies using microfluidic devices, which promise to deliver rapid and effective basic and practical applications for minimally invasive prognosis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Bordanaba-Florit
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain.
| | - Félix Royo
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergei G Kruglik
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Paris, France
| | - Juan M Falcón-Pérez
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Madrid, Spain. .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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28
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Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Sun G, Jin X, Guo L, Li T, Yin H. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles for cancer treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 74:92-104. [PMID: 33962020 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapeutic strategies include surgeries, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapies. However, current cancer treatment still faces challenges such as postoperative residuals, postoperative recurrence, chemoradiotherapy resistance and lack of drugs with high specificity, due to the complexity of the cancer environment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-capsuled membrane vesicles secreted from cells, communicating vital messages between cells and regarding function in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Investigation of compositions and functions of EVs may open unprecedented, promising avenues for cancer therapeutics. This review brings new perspectives from both researchers and clinicians in the EV field, emphasizing the ties between basic research and ongoing clinical trials. In sum, our review summarizes the roles EVs play in cancer therapy, ranging from mechanisms to applications in cancer treatment. In particular, it focuses on their therapeutic potential with an eye toward clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100082, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Zhujiang Hospital, Laboratory of Medicine Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gaoge Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100082, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100082, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lerui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100082, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100082, China; Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation, Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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29
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Balázs K, Antal L, Sáfrány G, Lumniczky K. Blood-Derived Biomarkers of Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy Response in Prostate Cancer Patients. J Pers Med 2021; 11:296. [PMID: 33924671 PMCID: PMC8070149 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is among the most frequent cancers in men worldwide. Despite the fact that multiple therapeutic alternatives are available for its treatment, it is often discovered in an advanced stage as a metastatic disease. Prostate cancer screening is based on physical examination of prostate size and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in the blood as well as biopsy in suspect cases. However, these markers often fail to correctly identify the presence of cancer, or their positivity might lead to overdiagnosis and consequent overtreatment of an otherwise silent non-progressing disease. Moreover, these markers have very limited if any predictive value regarding therapy response or individual risk for therapy-related toxicities. Therefore, novel, optimally liquid biopsy-based (blood-derived) markers or marker panels are needed, which have better prognostic and predictive value than the ones currently used in the everyday routine. In this review the role of circulating tumour cells, extracellular vesicles and their microRNA content, as well as cellular and soluble immunological and inflammation- related blood markers for prostate cancer diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of therapy response is discussed. A special emphasis is placed on markers predicting response to radiotherapy and radiotherapy-related late side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katalin Lumniczky
- Unit of Radiation Medicine, Department of Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Centre, 1221 Budapest, Hungary; (K.B.); (L.A.); (G.S.)
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30
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Vitale SR, Helmijr JA, Gerritsen M, Coban H, van Dessel LF, Beije N, van der Vlugt-Daane M, Vigneri P, Sieuwerts AM, Dits N, van Royen ME, Jenster G, Sleijfer S, Lolkema M, Martens JWM, Jansen MPHM. Detection of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in plasma from patients with solid cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:315. [PMID: 33761899 PMCID: PMC7992353 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are actively secreted by cells into body fluids and contain nucleic acids of the cells they originate from. The goal of this study was to detect circulating tumor-derived EVs (ctEVs) by mutant mRNA transcripts (EV-RNA) in plasma of patients with solid cancers and compare the occurrence of ctEVs with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Methods For this purpose, blood from 20 patients and 15 healthy blood donors (HBDs) was collected in different preservation tubes (EDTA, BCT, CellSave) and processed into plasma within 24 h from venipuncture. EVs were isolated with the ExoEasy protocol from this plasma and from conditioned medium of 6 cancer cell lines and characterized according to MISEV2018-guidelines. RNA from EVs was isolated with the ExoRNeasy protocol and evaluated for transcript expression levels of 96 genes by RT-qPCR and genotyped by digital PCR. Results Our workflow applied on cell lines revealed a high concordance between cellular mRNA and EV-RNA in expression levels as well as variant allele frequencies for PIK3CA, KRAS and BRAF. Plasma CD9-positive EV and GAPDH EV-RNA levels were significantly different between the preservation tubes. The workflow detected only ctEVs with mutant transcripts in plasma of patients with high amounts (> 20%) of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Expression profiling showed that the EVs from patients resemble healthy donors more than tumor cell lines supporting that most EVs are derived from healthy tissue. Conclusions We provide a workflow for ctEV detection by spin column-based generic isolation of EVs and PCR-based measurement of gene expression and mutant transcripts in EV-RNA derived from cancer patients’ blood plasma. This workflow, however, detected tumor-specific mutations in blood less often in EV-RNA than in cfDNA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08007-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia R Vitale
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Center for Experimental Oncology and Hematology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jean A Helmijr
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hicret Coban
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne F van Dessel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nick Beije
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle van der Vlugt-Daane
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Center for Experimental Oncology and Hematology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Anieta M Sieuwerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Dits
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin E van Royen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Jenster
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Sleijfer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice P H M Jansen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Room Be400, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Chen Y, Wu T, Zhu Z, Huang H, Zhang L, Goel A, Yang M, Wang X. An integrated workflow for biomarker development using microRNAs in extracellular vesicles for cancer precision medicine. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 74:134-155. [PMID: 33766650 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
EV-miRNAs are microRNA (miRNA) molecules encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play crucial roles in tumor pathogenesis, progression, and metastasis. Recent studies about EV-miRNAs have gained novel insights into cancer biology and have demonstrated a great potential to develop novel liquid biopsy assays for various applications. Notably, compared to conventional liquid biomarkers, EV-miRNAs are more advantageous in representing host-cell molecular architecture and exhibiting higher stability and specificity. Despite various available techniques for EV-miRNA separation, concentration, profiling, and data analysis, a standardized approach for EV-miRNA biomarker development is yet lacking. In this review, we performed a substantial literature review and distilled an integrated workflow encompassing important steps for EV-miRNA biomarker development, including sample collection and EV isolation, EV-miRNA extraction and quantification, high-throughput data preprocessing, biomarker prioritization and model construction, functional analysis, as well as validation. With the rapid growth of "big data", we highlight the importance of efficient mining of high-throughput data for the discovery of EV-miRNA biomarkers and integrating multiple independent datasets for in silico and experimental validations to increase the robustness and reproducibility. Furthermore, as an efficient strategy in systems biology, network inference provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms and can be used to select functionally important EV-miRNAs to refine the biomarker candidates. Despite the encouraging development in the field, a number of challenges still hinder the clinical translation. We finally summarize several common challenges in various biomarker studies and discuss potential opportunities emerging in the related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Tan Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhongxu Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
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Arrighetti N, Beretta GL. miRNAs as Therapeutic Tools and Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030380. [PMID: 33805590 PMCID: PMC7999286 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the fifth cause of tumor-related deaths in man worldwide. Despite the considerable improvement in the clinical management of PCa, several limitations emerged both in the screening for early diagnosis and in the medical treatment. The use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening resulted in patients’ overtreatment and the standard therapy of patients suffering from locally advanced/metastatic tumors (e.g., radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy) showed time-limited efficacy with patients undergoing progression toward the lethal metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC). Although valuable alternative therapeutic options have been recently proposed (e.g., docetaxel, cabazitaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and sipuleucel-T), mCRPC remains incurable. Based on this background, there is an urgent need to identify new and more accurate prostate-specific biomarkers for PCa diagnosis and prognosis and to develop innovative medical approaches to counteract mCRPC. In this context, microRNA (miRNAs) emerged as potential biomarkers in prostate tissues and biological fluids and appeared to be promising therapeutic targets/tools for cancer therapy. Here we overview the recent literature and summarize the achievements of using miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets/tools for fighting PCa.
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Abstract
In this Special Issue of Cancers, the latest insights on biomarkers in cancers are presented in 33 up-to-the-minute research papers and reviews summing up the tremendous progress in this interesting and important field of research. The recent development of new therapeutic approaches has provided clinicians with more efficient tools than ever before for the treatment of cancerous diseases. However, choosing the right option requires to [...].
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Gu Y, Lin X, Kapoor A, Li T, Major P, Tang D. Effective Prediction of Prostate Cancer Recurrence through the IQGAP1 Network. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:430. [PMID: 33498739 PMCID: PMC7865788 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IQGAP1 expression was analyzed in: (1) primary prostate cancer, (2) xenografts produced from LNCaP, DU145, and PC3 cells, 3) tumor of PTEN-/- and TRAMP mice, and (3) castration resistant PC (CRPC) produced by LNCaP xenografts and PTEN-/- mice. IQGAP1 downregulations occurred in CRPC and advanced PCs. The downregulations were associated with rapid PC recurrence in the TCGA PanCancer (n = 492, p = 0.01) and MSKCC (n = 140, p = 4 × 10-6) cohorts. Differentially expressed genes (n = 598) relative to IQGAP1 downregulation were identified with enrichment in chemotaxis, cytokine signaling, and others along with reductions in immune responses. A novel 27-gene signature (Sig27gene) was constructed from these DEGs through random division of the TCGA cohort into a Training and Testing population. The panel was validated using an independent MSKCC cohort. Sig27gene robustly predicts PC recurrence at (hazard ratio) HR 2.72 and p < 2 × 10-16 in two independent PC cohorts. The prediction remains significant after adjusting for multiple clinical features. The novel and robust nature of Sig27gene underlie its great translational potential as a prognostic biomarker to predict PC relapse risk in patients with primary PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gu
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (Y.G.); (X.L.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada;
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Xiaozeng Lin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (Y.G.); (X.L.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada;
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada;
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Taosha Li
- Life-Tech Industry Alliance, Shenzhen 518000, China;
| | - Pierre Major
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - Damu Tang
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (Y.G.); (X.L.)
- Urological Cancer Center for Research and Innovation (UCCRI), St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada;
- The Research Institute of St Joe’s Hamilton, St Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
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Zhao W, Huang Z, Liu H, Wang C. LncRNA GIHCG Promotes the Development of Esophageal Cancer by Modulating miR-29b-3p/ANO1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:13387-13400. [PMID: 33408485 PMCID: PMC7781470 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s282348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer is one of the most frequent cancers with a higher mortality worldwide. Although many long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are reported to play important roles in the progression of esophageal cancer, the function of lncRNA GIHCG in esophageal cancer remains unclear. Methods The expression of GIHCG in esophageal cancer tissues and cancer cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, EdU staining assay and colony formation assay. Cell invasion and migration were measured by transwell assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by a flow cytometer. Luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were used to determine the interaction between GIHCG and miR-29b-3p, and their subsequent regulation of anoctamin 1 (ANO1). The expression of ANO1 in esophageal cancer tissues and cell lines was detected by Western blot. The effect of GIHCG/miR-29b-3p in tumor formation was assessed by the xenograft nude mice model in vivo. Results GIHCG was significantly upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues and relevant cancer cell lines. Downregulation of GIHCG significantly inhibited the growth, colony formation, invasion, migration and induced apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells in vitro. Bioinformatic analysis and RIP assay determined that GIHCG was a sponge of miR-29b-3p, and ANO1 was a direct target of miR-29b-3p. Moreover, functional experiments showed that GIHCG upregulated ANO1 expression by directly sponging miR-29b-3p. Furthermore, in vivo experiment revealed that knockdown of GIHCG significantly inhibited tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion Our study revealed that lncRNA GIHCG promoted the progression of esophageal cancer by targeting the miR-29b-3p/ANO1 axis, suggesting that GIHCG might be a novel therapeutic target for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhoufeng Huang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450003, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450003, People's Republic of China
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Liu LJ, Sun XY, Yang CX, Zou XY. MiR-10a-5p restrains the aggressive phenotypes of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting HOXA1. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 37:276-285. [PMID: 33332731 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in human ovarian carcinoma (OC). But the mechanism underlying miR-10a-5p in regulating the progression of OC need deeply explored. In the current study, we observed that miR-10a-5p was down-expressed in OC samples and OC cell lines. In addition, miR-10a-5p restrained the viability, colony formation, migration ability and invasiveness of OC cells. We further ascertained Homeobox A1 (HOXA1) was a downstream gene of miR-10a-5p. Furthermore, HOXA1 was distinctly upregulated in OC samples. Finally, upregulation of HOXA1 abolished the suppressive effects of miR-10a-5p on OC cells. These observations suggested that miR-10a-5p suppressed the aggressive phenotypes of OC cells via regulating HOXA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Liu
- Department of Gynaecology, Rongcheng People's Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Sun
- Department of Gynaecology, Rongcheng People's Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Department, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zou
- Department of Gynaecology, Jinan Fifth People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Wang X, Zhang H, Xu M, Shi X, Yang G, Sun S, Li X. Elevated miR-10a-5p facilitates cell cycle and restrains adipogenic differentiation via targeting Map2k6 and Fasn, respectively. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:1227-1235. [PMID: 33128541 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are a small class of noncoding RNAs that perform biological functions by regulating the stability or translation of target genes in various biological processes. This study illustrated the role of miR-10a-5p, which is relatively enriched in adipose tissues, using primary mouse preadipocytes as model. With elevated miR-10a-5p expression, the proliferative ability of mouse preadipocytes was significantly enhanced, indicated by increased EdU+ cells and G1/S transition, accompanied by upregulated Cyclin B, Cyclin D and PCNA and downregulated p21 and p27. Meanwhile, the adipogenic differentiation was significantly attenuated by elevated miR-10a-5p, supported by Oil Red O staining and suppressed PPARγ and aP2 expression. Furthermore, Map2k6 and Fasn were predicted to be the target genes of miR-10a-5p in silico, and dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed the direct targeting effects. Western blot analysis results showed that miR-10a-5p specially reduced Map2k6 expression at the proliferative stage without affecting Fasn expression, while significantly restrained Fasn expression with unchanged Map2k6 expression during adipogenic differentiation. Taken together, these results revealed a potential role of miR-10a-5p in adipogenesis and in the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Sciences and Technologies, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Sciences and Technologies, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Meixue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Sciences and Technologies, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin'E Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Sciences and Technologies, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Sciences and Technologies, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shiduo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Sciences and Technologies, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Sciences and Technologies, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Möller A, Lobb RJ. The evolving translational potential of small extracellular vesicles in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:697-709. [PMID: 32958932 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-00299-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are regarded as having promising potential to be used as therapeutics and disease biomarkers. Mechanistically, EVs have been shown to function in most, if not all, steps of cancer progression. Cancer EVs, including small EVs (sEVs), contain unique biomolecular cargo, consisting of protein, nucleic acid and lipids. Through progress in the identification of this specific cargo, cancer biomarkers have been identified and developed, opening up novel and interesting opportunities for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Intriguingly, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the cancer-specific pathways that govern EV biogenesis in cancer cells. Filling this knowledge gap will rapidly improve cancer EV biomarkers, as it will also allow discrimination of the procancer and anticancer actions of those EVs. Even more promising is uncovering therapeutically targetable, tumour-specific EV pathways and content, which will generate novel classes of cancer therapies. This Review highlights the progress the cancer sEV field has made in the areas of biomarker discovery and validation as well as sEV-based therapeutics, highlights the challenges we are facing and identifies gaps in our knowledge, which currently prevent us from developing the full potential of sEVs in cancer diagnostic and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Richard J Lobb
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Extracellular vesicles-encapsulated microRNA-10a-5p shed from cancer-associated fibroblast facilitates cervical squamous cell carcinoma cell angiogenesis and tumorigenicity via Hedgehog signaling pathway. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 28:529-542. [PMID: 33235271 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) secretes extracellular vesicle (EV)-encapsulated microRNAs (miRNAs) which have been underlined great promise for therapeutic target for diseases and cancers. Our study aimed to explore the role of EV-encapsulated miR-10a-5p from CAFs in angiogenesis in cervical cancer. Expression of miR-10a-5p in clinical samples of cervical cancer and cancer cells was detected by in situ hybridization and RT-qPCR. Results demonstrated that miR-10a-5p expression was upregulated in both cancer tissues and cells. CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) from cervical cancer patient tissues were characterized under transmission electron microscopy, followed by EV isolation from CAFs. The EVs labeled with PKH67 were cultured with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) cell line (SiHa) and HUVECs. Data indicated that CAF-EVs were internalized by cancer cells and promoted cell proliferation and tube formation. CAF-EVs then were transfected with miR-10a-5p inhibitor and then injected into nude mice. While injection of CAF-EVs promoted tumor growth and increased VEGFR and CD31 expression level, miR-10a-5p inhibitor-treated CAF-EVs resulted in decreased tumor volume and amount of vessel around tumor. Of note, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and bioinformatic analysis indicated TBX5 as a target gene of miR-10a-5p. Moreover, EV-derived miR-10a-5p promoted angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro through activation of Hedgehog signaling via downregulation of TBX5. Taken altogether, miR-10a-5p in CAF-EVs promoted CSCC cell angiogenesis and tumorigenicity via activation of Hh signaling by inhibition of TBX5, providing insight into novel treatment based on miR-10a-5p against CSCC.
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Hussain MT, Iqbal AJ, Norling LV. The Role and Impact of Extracellular Vesicles in the Modulation and Delivery of Cytokines during Autoimmunity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7096. [PMID: 32993051 PMCID: PMC7584003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines and extracellular vesicles are two methods of initiating and maintaining cellular crosstalk. The role of cytokines in the initiation, progression, and resolution of inflammation has been well studied and more so, their pathophysiological role in the development of autoimmune disease. In recent years, the impact of extracellular vesicles on the progression of autoimmunity has become more widely appreciated. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that allow extracellular vesicles of various sources to modulate cytokine production, and release, and how extracellular vesicles might be involved in the direct delivery and modulation of cytokine levels. Moreover, we explore what challenges are faced by current therapies and the promising future for extracellular vesicles as therapeutic agents in conditions driven by immune dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Tayab Hussain
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Asif Jilani Iqbal
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Lucy Victoria Norling
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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Chen W, Yang J, Fang H, Li L, Sun J. Relevance Function of Linc-ROR in the Pathogenesis of Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:696. [PMID: 32850817 PMCID: PMC7432147 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the key components of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of 200 nucleotides. They are transcribed from the so-called “dark matter” of the genome. Increasing evidence have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in the pathophysiology of human diseases, particularly in the development and progression of tumors. Linc-ROR, as a new intergenic non-protein coding RNA, has been considered to be a pivotal regulatory factor that affects the occurrence and development of human tumors, including breast cancer (BC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and so on. Dysregulation of Linc-ROR has been closely related to advanced clinicopathological factors predicting a poor prognosis. Because linc-ROR can regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, it can thus be used as a potential biomarker for patients with tumors and has potential clinical significance as a therapeutic target. This article reviewed the role of linc-ROR in the development of tumors, its related molecular mechanisms, and clinical values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Chen
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junfa Yang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Taheri M. Role of microRNAs in the development, prognosis and therapeutic response of patients with prostate cancer. Gene 2020; 759:144995. [PMID: 32721477 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in males in several regions. One of the major challenges in diagnosis and treatment of this cancer is how to identify men who harbor an increased risk of having clinically significant prostate cancer and how to assess response to therapy. Biomarkers, like microRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the new diagnostic/therapeutic tools for clinicians. Finding men at high risk of significant cancer is essential as they will mostly benefit from earlier diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, it is important to reduce the number of unnecessary invasive biopsies in men without (clinically significant) cancer and miRNAs have especial application in this regard. MiRNAs can regulate expression of several genes. Up to 30 percent of protein coding genes are regulated by miRNAs. Based on this critical regulatory role, miRNAs impact cell differentiation, growth and apoptosis. Several studies have reported aberrant expression of miRNAs in different cancers including prostate cancer. miRNAs are regarded as biomarkers in this kind of cancer. Moreover, expression profiles of miRNAs can predict therapeutic response to a number of drugs such docetaxel and some natural agents such as isoflavone. Functional studies have shown that miRNAs regulate a number of critical targets such as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, cyclin dependent kinases, VEGF and JAK/ STAT. Therefore, several aspects of prostate cancer development are influenced by miRNAs. Finally, circulating miRNAs are promising tools for assessment of prostate cancer course and prognosis. In the current review, we summarize the results of studies which reported abnormal expression of miRNAs in prostate cancer and their role as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Torres Crigna A, Fricke F, Nitschke K, Worst T, Erb U, Karremann M, Buschmann D, Elvers-Hornung S, Tucher C, Schiller M, Hausser I, Gebert J, Bieback K. Inter-Laboratory Comparison of Extracellular Vesicle Isolation Based on Ultracentrifugation. Transfus Med Hemother 2020; 48:48-59. [PMID: 33708052 DOI: 10.1159/000508712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles and exosomes, deliver bioactive cargo mediating intercellular communication in physiological and pathological conditions. EVs are increasingly investigated as therapeutic agents and targets, but also as disease biomarkers. However, a definite consensus regarding EV isolation methods is lacking, which makes it intricate to standardize research practices and eventually reach a desirable level of data comparability. In our study, we performed an inter-laboratory comparison of EV isolation based on a differential ultracentrifugation protocol carried out in 4 laboratories in 2 independent rounds of isolation. Methods Conditioned medium of colorectal cancer cells was prepared and pooled by 1 person and distributed to each of the participating laboratories for isolation according to a pre-defined protocol. After EV isolation in each laboratory, quantification and characterization of isolated EVs was collectively done by 1 person having the highest expertise in the respective test method: Western blot, flow cytometry (fluorescence-activated cell sorting [FACS], nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results EVs were visualized with TEM, presenting similar cup-shaped and spherical morphology and sizes ranging from 30 to 150 nm. NTA results showed similar size ranges of particles in both isolation rounds. EV preparations showed high purity by the expression of EV marker proteins CD9, CD63, CD81, Alix, and TSG101, and the lack of calnexin. FACS analysis of EVs revealed intense staining for CD63 and CD81 but lower levels for CD9 and TSG101. Preparations from 1 laboratory presented significantly lower particle numbers (p < 0.0001), most probably related to increased processing time. However, even when standardizing processing time, particle yields still differed significantly between groups, indicating inter-laboratory differences in the efficiency of EV isolation. Importantly, no relation was observed between centrifugation speed/k-factor and EV yield. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that quantitative differences in EV yield might be due to equipment- and operator-dependent technical variability in ultracentrifugation-based EV isolation. Furthermore, our study emphasizes the need to standardize technical parameters such as the exact run speed and k-factor in order to transfer protocols between different laboratories. This hints at substantial inter-laboratory biases that should be assessed in multi-centric studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Torres Crigna
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabia Fricke
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Nitschke
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Worst
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Erb
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Karremann
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Susanne Elvers-Hornung
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christine Tucher
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schiller
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kliniken Hochfranken, Naila, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hausser
- EM-Lab, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Gebert
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
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