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Rydz L, Wróbel M, Janik K, Jurkowska H. Hypoxia-Induced Changes in L-Cysteine Metabolism and Antioxidative Processes in Melanoma Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1491. [PMID: 37892173 PMCID: PMC10604596 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed on human primary (WM115) and metastatic (WM266-4) melanoma cell lines developed from the same individual. The expression of proteins involved in L-cysteine metabolism (sulfurtransferases, and cystathionine β-synthase) and antioxidative processes (thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase-1, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase 1) as well as the level of sufane sulfur, and cell proliferation under hypoxic conditions were investigated. Hypoxia in WM115 and WM266-4 cells was confirmed by induced expression of carbonic anhydrase IX and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 by the RT-PCR and Western blot methods. It was shown that, under hypoxic conditions the inhibition of WM115 and WM266-4 melanoma cell proliferation was associated with decreased expression of thioredoxin reductase-1 and cystathionine β-synthase. These two enzymes may be important therapeutic targets in the treatment of melanoma. Interestingly, it was also found that in normoxia the expression and activity of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in metastatic WM266-4 melanoma cells was significantly higher than in primary melanoma WM115 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Halina Jurkowska
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7 St., 31-034 Krakow, Poland; (L.R.); (M.W.); (K.J.)
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Ren Y, Mao X, Xu H, Dang Q, Weng S, Zhang Y, Chen S, Liu S, Ba Y, Zhou Z, Han X, Liu Z, Zhang G. Ferroptosis and EMT: key targets for combating cancer progression and therapy resistance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:263. [PMID: 37598126 PMCID: PMC10439860 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Iron-dependent lipid peroxidation causes ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death. Crucial steps in the formation of ferroptosis include the accumulation of ferrous ions (Fe2+) and lipid peroxidation, of which are controlled by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Its crucial role in stopping the spread of cancer has been shown by numerous studies undertaken in the last ten years. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the process by which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal characteristics. EMT is connected to carcinogenesis, invasiveness, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance in cancer. It is controlled by a range of internal and external signals and changes the phenotype from epithelial to mesenchymal like. Studies have shown that mesenchymal cancer cells tend to be more ferroptotic than their epithelial counterparts. Drug-resistant cancer cells are more easily killed by inducers of ferroptosis when they undergo EMT. Therefore, understanding the interaction between ferroptosis and EMT will help identify novel cancer treatment targets. In-depth discussion is given to the regulation of ferroptosis, the potential application of EMT in the treatment of cancer, and the relationships between ferroptosis, EMT, and signaling pathways associated with tumors. Invasion, metastasis, and inflammation in cancer all include ferroptosis and EMT. The goal of this review is to provide suggestions for future research and practical guidance for applying ferroptosis and EMT in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiangrong Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qin Dang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shutong Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuhao Ba
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhaokai Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Bialves TS, Bastos Junior CLQ, Cordeiro MF, Boyle RT. Snake venom, a potential treatment for melanoma. A systematic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123367. [PMID: 36690229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in treating patients with melanoma, there are still many treatment challenges to overcome. Studies with snake venom-derived proteins/peptides describe their binding potential, and inhibition of some proliferative mechanisms in melanoma. The combined use of these compounds with current therapies could be the strategic gap that will help us discover more effective treatments for melanoma. The present study aimed to carry out a systematic review identifying snake venom proteins and peptides described in the literature with antitumor, antimetastatic, or antiangiogenic effects on melanoma and determine the mechanisms of action that lead to these anti-tumor effects. Snake venoms contain proteins and peptides which are antiaggregant, antimetastatic, and antiangiogenic. The in vivo results are encouraging, considering the reduction of metastases and tumor size after treatment. In addition to these results, it was reported that these venom compounds could act in combination with chemotherapeutics (Acurhagin-C; Macrovipecetin), sensitizing and preparing tumor cells for treatment. There is a consensus that snake venom is a promising strategy for the improvement of antimelanoma therapies, but it has been little explored in the current context, combined with inhibitors, immunotherapy or tumor microenvironment, for example. We suggest Lebein as a candidate for combination therapy with BRAF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Senna Bialves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, s/n - km 8 - Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Claudio L Q Bastos Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, s/n - km 8 - Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos Freitas Cordeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde (PPGBS), Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina - UNOESC, Rua Roberto Trompovski 224, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, CEP 89600-000, Brazil.
| | - Robert Tew Boyle
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália, s/n - km 8 - Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
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Militaru IV, Rus AA, Munteanu CV, Manica G, Petrescu SM. New panel of biomarkers to discriminate between amelanotic and melanotic metastatic melanoma. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1061832. [PMID: 36776379 PMCID: PMC9909407 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1061832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that can rapidly invade distant organs. A distinctive feature of melanomas is their pigmentation status, as melanin is present in most skin melanomas, whilst many metastatic tumors could become amelanotic. Besides the obvious malfunction of the key genes of the melanin pathway, the amelanotic tumors could bear a characteristic molecular signature accounting for their aggressivity. Using mass spectrometry-based proteomics we report here a distinctive panel of biomarkers for amelanotic aggressive melanoma that differ from the less invasive pigmented cells. The developed method allows the label-free quantification of proteins identified by LC-MS/MS analysis. We found a set of proteins comprising AHNAK, MYOF, ANXA1, CAPN2, ASPH, EPHA2, THBS1, TGM2, ACTN4 along with proteins involved in cell adhesion/migration (integrins, PLEC, FSCN1, FN1) that are highly expressed in amelanotic melanoma. Accompanying the down regulation of pigmentation specific proteins such as tyrosinase and TYRP1, these biomarkers are highly specific for a type of highly invasive melanoma. Interestingly, the LC-MS/MS proteomics analysis in hypoxia revealed that the abundance of this specific set of proteins found in normoxia was rather unaltered in these conditions. These biomarkers could therefore predict a metastatic behaviour for the amelanotic cells in the early stages of the tumor development and thus serve in melanoma prognostic. Applying this algorithm to related databases including melanoma samples published by independent laboratories/public databases we confirm the specificity of the newly found signatures. Overall, we begin to unravel the molecular alterations in the amelanotic melanoma and how basic proteomics offers insights into how to assess the clinical, pathological and misdiagnosis differences between the main subtypes of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana V. Militaru
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Adriana Rus
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian V.A. Munteanu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Manica
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefana M. Petrescu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania,*Correspondence: Stefana M. Petrescu,
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Zhou DH, Du QC, Fu Z, Wang XY, Zhou L, Wang J, Hu CK, Liu S, Li JM, Ma ML, Yu H. Development and validation of an epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related gene signature for predicting prognosis. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:9285-9302. [PMID: 36159424 PMCID: PMC9477694 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i26.9285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there are many therapeutic methods for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but the 5-year survival rate is still only 15% at later stages. Epithelial– mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to be closely associated with local dissemination and subsequent metastasis of solid tumors. However, the role of EMT in the occurrence and development of LUAD remains unclear.
AIM To further elucidate the value of EMT-related genes in LUAD prognosis.
METHODS Univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to establish and validate a new EMT-related gene signature for predicting LUAD prognosis. The risk model was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, principal component analysis, and functional enrichment analysis and was used for nomogram construction. The potential structures of drugs to which LUAD is sensitive were discussed with respect to EMT-related genes in this model.
RESULTS Thirty-three differentially expressed genes related to EMT were found to be highly associated with overall survival (OS) by using univariate Cox regression analysis (log2FC ≥ 1, false discovery rate < 0.001). A prognostic signature of 7 EMT-associated genes was developed to divide patients into two risk groups by high or low risk scores. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that the OS of patients in the high-risk group was significantly poorer than that of patients in the low-risk group (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent risk factor for OS (HR > 1, P < 0.05). The results of receiver operator characteristic curve analysis suggested that the 7-gene signature had a perfect ability to predict prognosis (all area under the curves > 0.5).
CONCLUSION The EMT-associated gene signature classifier could be used as a feasible indicator for predicting OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Hua Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Qian-Cheng Du
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zheng Fu
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cheng-Kai Hu
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Meng-Li Ma
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
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