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Li T, Ruan Z, Song C, Yin F, Zhang T, Shi L, Zuo M, Lu L, An Y, Wang R, Ye X. Integrative Analysis of Multi-Omic Data for the Characteristics of Endometrial Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14489-14499. [PMID: 38559975 PMCID: PMC10975631 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a frequently diagnosed gynecologic cancer. Identifying reliable prognostic genes for predicting EC onset is crucial for reducing patient morbidity and mortality. Here, a comprehensive strategy with transcriptomic and proteomic data was performed to measure EC's characteristics. Based on the publicly available RNA-seq data, death-associated protein kinase 3, recombination signal-binding protein for the immunoglobulin kappa J region, and myosin light chain 9 were screened out as potential biomarkers that affect the EC patients' prognosis. A linear model was further constructed by multivariate Cox regression for the prediction of the risk of being malignant. From further integrative analysis, exosomes were found to have a highly enriched role that might participate in EC occurrence. The findings were validated by qRT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting. Collectively, we constructed a prognostic-gene-based model for EC prediction and found that exosomes participate in EC incidents, revealing significantly promising support for the diagnosis of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Zhijun Ruan
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Pingshan Translational
Medicine Center, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Chunli Song
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng Yin
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tuanjie Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Pingshan Translational
Medicine Center, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Min Zuo
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People’s
Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- International Institute for Translational
Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of
Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yuhao An
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Pingshan Translational
Medicine Center, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Pingshan Translational
Medicine Center, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Xiyang Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China
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Wang B, Gao M, Yao Y, Li H, Zhang X. Focusing on the role of protein kinase mTOR in endometrial physiology and pathology: insights for therapeutic interventions. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:359. [PMID: 38400863 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine protein kinase crucial for cellular differentiation, proliferation, and autophagy. It shows a complex role in the endometrium, influencing both normal and pathogenic conditions. mTOR promotes the growth and maturation of endometrial cells, enhancing endometrial receptivity and decidualization. However, it also contributes to the development of endometriosis (EMs) and endometrial cancer (EC), thus emerging as a therapeutic target for these conditions. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on the mTOR signalling pathway in the endometrium. This provides insights into female endometrial structure and function and guides the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Yao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China.
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3
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Yang Y, Wu SF, Bao W. Molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer: Implications for adjuvant treatment strategies. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 164:436-459. [PMID: 37525501 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When determining adjuvant treatment for endometrial cancer, the decision typically relies on factors such as cancer stage, histologic grade, subtype, and a few histopathologic markers. The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed molecular subtyping of endometrial cancer, which can provide more accurate prognostic information and guide personalized treatment plans. OBJECTIVE To summarize the expression and molecular basis of the main biomarkers of endometrial cancer. SEARCH STRATEGY PubMed was searched from January 2000 to March 2023. SELECTION CRITERIA Studies evaluating molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer and implications for adjuvant treatment strategies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors independently performed a comprehensive literature search, collected and extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. MAIN RESULTS We summarized the molecular subtyping of endometrial cancer, including mismatch repair deficient, high microsatellite instability, polymerase epsilon (POLE) exonuclease domain mutated, TP53 gene mutation, and non-specific molecular spectrum. We also summarized planned and ongoing clinical trials and common therapy methods in endometrial cancer. POLE mutated endometrial cancer consistently exhibits favorable patient outcomes, regardless of adjuvant therapy. Genomic similarities between p53 abnormality endometrial cancer and high-grade serous ovarian cancer suggested possible overlapping treatment strategies. High levels of immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed cell death 1 and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 can counterbalance mismatch repair deficient endometrial cancer immune phenotype. Hormonal treatment is an appealing option for high-risk non-specific molecular spectrum endometrial cancers, which are typically endometrioid and hormone receptor positive. Combining clinical and pathologic characteristics to guide treatment decisions for patients, including concurrent radiochemotherapy, chemotherapy, inhibitor therapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy, might improve the management of endometrial cancer and provide more effective treatment options for patients. CONCLUSIONS We have characterized the molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer and discuss their value in terms of a patient-tailored therapy in order to prevent significant under- or overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Su Fang Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wei Bao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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4
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Matsuyama S, Whiteside S, Li SY. Implantation and Decidualization in PCOS: Unraveling the Complexities of Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1203. [PMID: 38256276 PMCID: PMC10816633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, affecting 5-15% globally with a large proportion undiagnosed. This review explores the multifaceted nature of PCOS and its impact on pregnancy, including challenges in fertility due to hormonal imbalances and insulin resistance. Despite restoring ovulation pharmacologically, women with PCOS face lower pregnancy rates and higher risks of implantation failure and miscarriage. Our review focuses on the complexities of hormonal and metabolic imbalances that impair endometrial receptivity and decidualization in PCOS. Disrupted estrogen signaling, reduced integrity of endometrial epithelial tight junctions, and insulin resistance impair the window of endometrial receptivity. Furthermore, progesterone resistance adversely affects decidualization. Our review also examines the roles of various immune cells and inflammatory processes in the endometrium, contributing to the condition's reproductive challenges. Lastly, we discuss the use of rodent models in understanding PCOS, particularly those induced by hormonal interventions, offering insights into the syndrome's impact on pregnancy and potential treatments. This comprehensive review underscores the need for advanced understanding and treatment strategies to address the reproductive complications associated with PCOS, emphasizing its intricate interplay of hormonal, metabolic, and immune factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shu-Yun Li
- Reproductive Sciences Center, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (S.M.); (S.W.)
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Acosta LH, Pino MTL, Rocca MV, Cabilla JP. Soluble guanylyl cyclase beta1 subunit targets epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and downregulates Akt pathway in human endometrial and cervical cancer cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23927. [PMID: 38205317 PMCID: PMC10777080 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial and cervical cancer are among the most frequently diagnosed malignancies globally. Nitric oxide receptor-soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is a heterodimeric enzyme composed of two subunits, α1 and β1. Previously we showed that sGCα1 subunit promotes cell survival, proliferation, and migration, but the role of sGCβ1 subunit has not been addressed. The aim of the present work was to study the impact of sGCβ1 restoration in proliferation, survival, migration, and cell signaling in endometrial and cervical cancer cells. We found that sGCβ1 transcript levels are reduced in endometrial and cervical tumors vs normal tissues. We confirmed nuclear enrichment of sGCβ1, unlike sGCα1. Overexpression of sGCβ1 reduced cell viability and augmented apoptotic index. Cell migration and invasion were also negatively affected. All these sGCβ1-driven effects were independent of sGC enzymatic activity. sGCβ1 reduced the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition factors such as N-cadherin and β-catenin and increased the expression of E-cadherin. sGCβ1 impacted signaling in endometrial and cervical cancer cells through significant downregulation of Akt pathway affecting some of its main targets such as GSK-3β and c-Raf. Our results show for the first time that sGCβ1 exerts several antiproliferative actions in ECC-1 and HeLa cell lines by targeting key regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas H. Acosta
- CONICET-Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Teresa L. Pino
- CONICET-Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Rocca
- CONICET-Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena P. Cabilla
- CONICET-Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud. Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Singh P, Metkari SM, Tripathi A, Bhartiya D. Reversing Uteropathies Including Cancer-Like Changes in Mice by Transplanting Mesenchymal Stromal Cells or XAR Treatment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:258-282. [PMID: 37779174 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent, very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) and tissue-committed 'progenitors' termed endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) are reported in mouse uterus. They express gonadal and gonadotropin hormone receptors and thus are vulnerable to early-life endocrine insults. Neonatal exposure of mouse pups to endocrine disruption cause stem/progenitor cells to undergo epigenetic changes, excessive self-renewal, and blocked differentiation that results in various uteropathies including non-receptive endometrium, hyperplasia, endometriosis, adenomyosis, and cancer-like changes in adult life. Present study investigated reversal of these uteropathies, by normalizing functions of VSELs and EnSCs. Two strategies were evaluated including (i) transplanting mesenchymal stromal cells (provide paracrine support) on D60 or (ii) oral administration of XAR (epigenetic regulator) daily from days 60-100 and effects were studied later in 100 days old mice. Results show normalization of stem/progenitor cells (Oct-4, Oct-4A, Sox-2, Nanog) and Wnt signalling (Wnt-4, β-catenin, Axin-2) specific transcripts. Flow cytometry results showed reduced numbers of 2-6 µm, LIN-CD45-SCA-1 + VSELs. Hyperplasia (Ki67) of epithelial (Pax-8, Foxa-2) and myometrial (α-Sma, Tgf-β) cells was reduced, adenogenesis (differentiation of glands) was restored, endometrial receptivity and differentiation (LIF, c-KIT, SOX-9, NUMB) and stromal cells niche (CD90, VIMENTIN, Pdgfra, Vimentin) were improved, cancer stem cells markers (OCT-4, CD166) were reduced while tumor suppressor genes (PTEN, P53) and epigenetic regulators (Ezh-2, Sirt-1) were increased. To conclude, normalizing VSELs/EnSCs to manage uteropathies provides a novel basis for initiating clinical studies. The study falls under the umbrella of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 to ensure healthy lives and well-being for all of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Singh
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive & Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India
| | - S M Metkari
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive & Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India
| | - Anish Tripathi
- Epigeneres Biotech Pvt Ltd, Lower Parel, Mumbai, 400 013, India
| | - Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive & Child Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India.
- Epigeneres Biotech Pvt Ltd, Lower Parel, Mumbai, 400 013, India.
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7
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Xiong Z, Ma Y, He J, Li Q, Liu L, Yang C, Chen J, Shen Y, Han X. Apoptotic bodies of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibit endometrial stromal cell fibrosis by mediating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20716. [PMID: 37885720 PMCID: PMC10598495 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) are a common illness of the uterine cavity. Endometrial fibrosis is the main pathological feature. In addition to a high recurrence rate, patients with severe IUAs have a low pregnancy rate. However, there are few effective treatments for IUAs. This study aims to confirm the influence of apoptotic bodies of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on endometrial stromal cell fibrosis by mediating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and to provide new insight for the clinical treatment of IUAs. Methods Human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were used to establish an IUA cell model by treatment with TGF-β1, and a rat IUA model was established by the double injury method. Apoptosis of BMSCs was detected by TUNEL assays, and cell morphology was observed by the CM-DiI tracer. The morphology of apoptotic vacuoles and apoptotic bodies (ABs) was detected by TEM. We used Western blotting to detect the expression of histone H3.3, histone H2B, C3b, cyclin D1, C1QC, α-SMA, COL1A1, COL5A2, FN, CTGF, Wnt2b, c-MYC, CK-18 and VIM. The expression levels of α-SMA, COL1A1, COL5A2, FN and CTGF were detected by RT‒qPCR. The expression levels of α-SMA, COL1A1, FN and CTGF were detected by immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TGF-β, CK-18 and VIM. Flow cytometry, cell scratch assays, CCK-8 assays, and H & E and Masson staining were used to detect the cell cycle, cell migration, cell proliferation, and endometrial pathology, respectively. Results We found that ultraviolet light (UV) irradiation induced apoptosis of BMSCs and increased the production of ABs. TGF-β1 treatment can induce HESCs to form extracellular matrix (ECM), and aggravate cell fibrosis, and adding ABs or FH535, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, can inhibit TGF-β1-induced HESC fibrosis. However, the inhibitory effect of ABs on TGF-β1-induced fibrosis of HESCs was attenuated by the addition of LiCl. In the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, LiCl is an activator after coculture with TGF-β1. In vivo, IUA-induced narrowing of the uterine cavity was accompanied by intrauterine adhesions, increased deposition of collagen fibers, upregulation of TGF-β1, VIM, α-SMA, COL1A1 and COL5A2, and downregulation of CK-18. These changes in expression were reversed after treatment with ABs or FH535. When ABs and LiCl were added at the same time, the inhibitory effect of ABs on IUA fibrosis was weakened. Conclusion BMSC-derived ABs inhibit the fibrosis of HESCs by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results provide a new direction for the clinical treatment of IUAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Xiong
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Gynecology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaru Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Gynecology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunli Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Baoshan People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuesong Han
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Gynecology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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8
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Hsin IL, Wu PJ, Tang SC, Ou CC, Chang HY, Shen HP, Ko JL, Wang PH. β-catenin inhibitor ICG-001 suppress cell cycle progression and induce autophagy in endometrial cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2440-2450. [PMID: 37682852 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of endometrial cancer has been rising in recent years. Gene mutation and high protein expression of β-catenin are commonly detected in endometrioid endometrial cancer. ICG-001 is a β-catenin inhibitor via blocking the complex formation of β-catenin and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-binding protein (CBP). This study aims to investigate the effect of ICG-001 on endometrial cancer inhibition. First, endometrial carcinoma patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-derived organoids and primary cells were used to verify the inhibiting ability of ICG-001 on endometrial cancer. Furthermore, endometrial cancer cell lines were used to investigate the anticancer mechanism of ICG-001. Using MTT assay and tumor spheroid formation assay, ICG-001 significantly reduced the cell viability of HEC-59 and HEC-1A cells. ICG-001 enhanced cisplatin-mediated cytotoxicity. ICG-001 decreased cancer stem cell sphere formation. ICG-001 decreased the protein expressions of CD44, hexokinase 2 (HK2), and cyclin A. ICG-001 lowered the cell cycle progression by flow cytometer analysis. Autophagy, but no apoptosis, was activated by ICG-001 in endometrial cancer cells. Autophagy inhibition by ATG5 silencing enhanced ICG-001-mediated suppression of cell viability, tumor spheroid formation, and protein expression of cyclin A and CD44. This study clarified the mechanism and revealed the clinical potential of ICG-001 against endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lun Hsin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Chung Tang
- Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chyn Ou
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Pin Shen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hui Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Sidorkiewicz I, Jóźwik M, Buczyńska A, Erol A, Jóźwik M, Moniuszko M, Jarząbek K, Niemira M, Krętowski A. Identification and subsequent validation of transcriptomic signature associated with metabolic status in endometrial cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13763. [PMID: 37612452 PMCID: PMC10447446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant metabolism has been identified as a main driver of cancer. Profiling of metabolism-related pathways in cancer furthers the understanding of tumor plasticity and identification of potential metabolic vulnerabilities. In this prospective controlled study, we established transcriptomic profiles of metabolism-related pathways in endometrial cancer (EC) using a novel method, NanoString nCounter Technology. Fifty-seven ECs and 30 normal endometrial specimens were studied using the NanoString Metabolic Panel, further validated by qRT-PCR with a very high similarity. Statistical analyses were by GraphPad PRISM and Weka software. The analysis identified 11 deregulated genes (FDR ≤ 0.05; |FC|≥ 1.5) in EC: SLC7A11; SLC7A5; RUNX1; LAMA4; COL6A3; PDK1; CCNA1; ENO1; PKM; NR2F1; and NAALAD2. Gene ontology showed direct association of these genes with 'central carbon metabolism (CCM) in cancer'. Thus, 'CCM in cancer' appears to create one of the main metabolic axes in EC. Further, transcriptomic data were functionally validated with drug repurposing on three EC cell lines, with several drug candidates suggested. These results lay the foundation for personalized therapeutic strategies in this cancer. Metabolic plasticity represents a promising diagnostic and therapeutic option in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Maciej Jóźwik
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Angelika Buczyńska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Erol
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Jóźwik
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-045, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jarząbek
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Białystok Oncology Center, 15-027, Białystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
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10
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Egbuna C, Patrick‐Iwuanyanwu KC, Onyeike EN, Uche CZ, Ogoke UP, Riaz M, Ibezim EN, Khan J, Adedokun KA, Imodoye SO, Bello IO, Awuchi CG. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitors, glycyrrhizic acid, solanine, polyphyllin I, crocin, hypericin, tubeimoside-1, diosmin, and rutin in medicinal plants have better binding affinities and anticancer properties: Molecular docking and ADMET study. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4155-4169. [PMID: 37457177 PMCID: PMC10345731 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a role in cancer development, organogenesis, and embryogenesis. The abnormal activation promotes cancer stem cell renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. In the present study, molecular docking simulation and ADMET studies were carried out on selected bioactive compounds in search of β-catenin protein inhibitors for drug discovery against cancer. Blind docking simulation was performed using PyRx software on Autodock Vina. β-catenin protein (PDB ID: 1jdh) and 313 bioactive compounds (from PubChem database) with selected standard anticancer drugs were used for molecular docking. The ADMET properties of the best-performing compounds were calculated using SwissADME and pkCMS web servers. The results obtained from the molecular docking study showed that glycyrrhizic acid, solanine, polyphyllin I, crocin, hypericin, tubeimoside-1, diosmin, and rutin had the best binding interactions with β-catenin protein based on their binding affinities. Glycyrrhizic acid and solanine had the same and lowest binding energy of -8.5 kcal/mol. This was followed by polyphyllin I with -8.4 kcal/mol, and crocin, hypericin, and tubeimoside-1 which all had a binding energy of 8.1 kcal/mol. Other top-performing compounds include diosmin and rutin with binding energy of -8.0 kcal/mol. The ADMET study revealed that the following compounds glycyrrhizic acid, solanine, polyphyllin I, crocin, hypericin, tubeimoside-1, diosmin, rutin, and baicalin all violated Lipinski's rule of 5 which implies poor oral bioavailability. However, based on the binding energy score, it was suggested that these pharmacologically active compounds are potential molecules to be tested against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuebuka Egbuna
- Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE‐PUTOR)University of Port‐HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu UniversityUliNigeria
| | - Kingsley C. Patrick‐Iwuanyanwu
- Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE‐PUTOR)University of Port‐HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
| | - Eugene N. Onyeike
- Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE‐PUTOR)University of Port‐HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
| | - Chukwuemelie Zedech Uche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria
| | - Uchenna Petronilla Ogoke
- Biostatistics and Computation Unit, Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of SargodhaSargodhaPakistan
| | - Ebube Nnamdi Ibezim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesChukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu UniversityUliNigeria
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl MajmaahSaudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research CenterMajmaah UniversityAl MajmaahSaudi Arabia
| | - Kamoru A. Adedokun
- Department of ImmunologyRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Sikiru O. Imodoye
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Ibrahim O. Bello
- Department of Biological SciencesSouthern Illinois University EdwardsvilleEdwardsvilleIllinoisUSA
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11
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Pietrus M, Pitynski K, Waligora M, Milian-Ciesielska K, Ludwin A, Socha MW, Skrzypek K. Association of Membranous WNT-1 and Nuclear mTOR with Endometrial Cancer Grade. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098342. [PMID: 37176048 PMCID: PMC10179139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer remains a common cancer affecting the female reproductive system. There is still a need for more efficient ways of determining the degree of malignancy and optimizing treatment. WNT and mTOR are components of signaling pathways within tumor cells, and dysfunction of either protein is associated with the pathogenesis of neoplasms. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the impact of subcellular WNT-1 and mTOR levels on the clinical course of endometrial cancer. WNT-1 and mTOR levels in the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining in a group of 64 patients with endometrial cancer of grades 1-3 and FIGO stages I-IV. We discovered that the levels of WNT-1 and mTOR expression in the cellular compartments were associated with tumor grade and staging. Membranous WNT-1 was negatively associated, whereas cytoplasmic WNT-1 and nuclear mTOR were positively associated with higher grading of endometrial cancer. Furthermore, nuclear mTOR was positively associated with FIGO stages IB-IV. To conclude, we found that the assessment of WNT-1 in the cell membrane may be useful for exclusion of grade 3 neoplasms, whereas cytoplasmic WNT-1 and nuclear mTOR may be used as indicators for confirmation of grade 3 neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milosz Pietrus
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Pitynski
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Waligora
- Pulmonary Circulation Centre, Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital in Krakow, 31-022 Krakow, Poland
- Center for Innovative Medical Education, Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Milian-Ciesielska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Artur Ludwin
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej W Socha
- Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Klaudia Skrzypek
- Department of Transplantation, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
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12
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Czegle I, Huang C, Soria PG, Purkiss DW, Shields A, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. The Role of Genetic Mutations in Mitochondrial-Driven Cancer Growth in Selected Tumors: Breast and Gynecological Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040996. [PMID: 37109525 PMCID: PMC10145875 DOI: 10.3390/life13040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing understanding of the molecular and cytogenetic background of various tumors that helps us better conceptualize the pathogenesis of specific diseases. Additionally, in many cases, these molecular and cytogenetic alterations have diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic applications that are heavily used in clinical practice. Given that there is always room for improvement in cancer treatments and in cancer patient management, it is important to discover new therapeutic targets for affected individuals. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial changes in breast and gynecological (endometrial and ovarian) cancers. In addition, we review how the frequently altered genes in these diseases (BRCA1/2, HER2, PTEN, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, RAS, CTNNB1, FGFR, TP53, ARID1A, and TERT) affect the mitochondria, highlighting the possible associated individual therapeutic targets. With this approach, drugs targeting mitochondrial glucose or fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA transcription, mitophagy, or cell death pathways could provide further tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Chelsea Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Priscilla Geraldine Soria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Dylan Wesley Purkiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Andrea Shields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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13
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Chen J, Wang Y, Meng W, Zhao R, Lin W, Xiao H, Liao Y. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturases1 Accelerates Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastasis by Promoting Aromatase Expression to Improve Estrogen Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076826. [PMID: 37047797 PMCID: PMC10095487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastases contribute to the low survival rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Targeting lipid metabolism for anticancer therapies is attractive. Accumulative evidence shows that stearoyl-CoA desaturases1 (SCD1), a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, enables tumor metastasis and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, immunohistochemical staining of 96 clinical specimens showed that the expression of SCD1 was increased in tumor tissues (p < 0.001). SCD1 knockdown reduced the migration and invasion of HCC827 and PC9 cells in transwell and wound healing assays. Aromatase (CYP19A1) knockdown eliminated cell migration and invasion caused by SCD1 overexpression. Western blotting assays demonstrated that CYP19A1, along with β-catenin protein levels, was reduced in SCD1 knocked-down cells, and estrogen concentration was reduced (p < 0.05) in cell culture medium measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SCD1 overexpression preserving β-catenin protein stability was evaluated by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blotting. The SCD1 inhibitor A939572, and a potential SCD1 inhibitor, grape seed extract (GSE), significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion by blocking SCD1 and its downstream β-catenin, CYP19A1 expression, and estrogen concentration. In vivo tumor formation assay and a tail vein metastasis model indicated that knockdown of SCD1 blocked tumor growth and metastasis. In conclusion, SCD1 could accelerate metastasis by maintaining the protein stability of β-catenin and then promoting CYP19A1 transcription to improve estrogen synthesis. SCD1 is expected to be a promised therapeutic target, and its novel inhibitor, GSE, has great therapeutic potential in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yangwei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wangyang Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yongde Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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14
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Groenewald W, Lund AH, Gay DM. The Role of WNT Pathway Mutations in Cancer Development and an Overview of Therapeutic Options. Cells 2023; 12:cells12070990. [PMID: 37048063 PMCID: PMC10093220 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that mutations in the canonical WNT-signalling pathway play a major role in various cancers. Critical to developing new therapeutic strategies is understanding which cancers are driven by WNT pathway activation and at what level these mutations occur within the pathway. Some cancers harbour mutations in genes whose protein products operate at the receptor level of the WNT pathway. For instance, tumours with RNF43 or RSPO mutations, still require exogenous WNT ligands to drive WNT signalling (ligand-dependent mutations). Conversely, mutations within the cytoplasmic segment of the Wnt pathway, such as in APC and CTNNB1, lead to constitutive WNT pathway activation even in the absence of WNT ligands (ligand-independent). Here, we review the predominant driving mutations found in cancer that lead to WNT pathway activation, as well as explore some of the therapeutic interventions currently available against tumours harbouring either ligand-dependent or ligand-independent mutations. Finally, we discuss a potentially new therapeutic avenue by targeting the translational apparatus downstream from WNT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wibke Groenewald
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders H Lund
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Michael Gay
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Song L, Sun M, Shi J, Tian Z, Song Y, Liu H, Zhao S, Yin H, Ge G. Rational Construction of a Novel Bioluminescent Substrate for Sensing the Tumor-Associated Hydrolase Notum. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5489-5493. [PMID: 36962078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Notum, one of the key serine hydrolases in mammals, hydrolyzes the palmitoleoyl moieties of many important proteins and modulates multiple signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Notum is tightly associated with multiple human diseases, but the reliable and practical tools for sensing Notum activities in complex biological systems are rarely reported. Herein, an efficient strategy was used to rationally construct a specific bioluminescent substrate for Notum. Following computer-aided molecular design and experimental verification, octanoyl luciferin (OL) was selected as the optimum substrate for human Notum, with excellent specificity, high detection sensitivity and high signal-to-noise ratio. Under physiological conditions, OL was readily hydrolyzed by Notum or Notum-containing biological specimens to release d-luciferin that could be easily detected by various fluorescence devices in the presence of luciferase. The applicability of OL for real-time sensing native Notum was examined in living cells, extracellular matrix, and tissue preparations. OL was also used for constructing a high-throughput assay for screening of Notum inhibitors, while a natural compound (bergapten) was newly identified as a potent Notum inhibitor. Collectively, this study devises a reliable and easy-to-use tool for sensing Notum activities in biological systems, which will strongly facilitate hNotum-associated fundamental studies, disease diagnosis, and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilin Song
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Mengru Sun
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinhui Shi
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhenhao Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Yuqing Song
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huixin Liu
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110042, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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16
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Ledinek Ž, Sobočan M, Sisinger D, Hojnik M, Büdefeld T, Potočnik U, Knez J. The association of Wnt-signalling and EMT markers with clinical characteristics in women with endometrial cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1013463. [PMID: 36969079 PMCID: PMC10031053 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1013463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the developed world. Risk stratification and treatment approaches are changing due to better understanding of tumor biology. Upregulated Wnt signaling plays an important role in cancer initiation and progression with promising potential for development of specific Wnt inhibitor therapy. One of the ways in which Wnt signaling contributes to progression of cancer, is by activating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor cells, causing the expression of mesenchymal markers, and enabling tumor cells to dissociate and migrate. This study analyzed the expression of Wnt signaling and EMT markers in endometrial cancer. Wnt signaling and EMT markers were significantly correlated with hormone receptors status in EC, but not with other clinico-pathological characteristics. Expression of Wnt antagonist, Dkk1 was significantly different between the ESGO-ESTRO-ESP patient risk assessment categories using integrated molecular risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živa Ledinek
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Monika Sobočan
- Divison for Gynaecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Damjan Sisinger
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Hojnik
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Büdefeld
- Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Potočnik
- Center for Human Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Laboratory for Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genomics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department for Science and Research, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Jure Knez
- Divison for Gynaecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Jure Knez,
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17
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Jiang F, Jiang S, Cao D, Mao M, Xiang Y. Immunologic Signatures across Molecular Subtypes and Potential Biomarkers for Sub-Stratification in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021791. [PMID: 36675305 PMCID: PMC9861911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current molecular classification approaches for endometrial cancer (EC) often employ multiple testing platforms. Some subtypes still lack univocal prognostic significance, highlighting the need for risk sub-stratification. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is associated with tumor progression and prognosis. We sought to investigate the feasibility of classifying EC via DNA sequencing and interrogate immunologic signatures and prognostic markers across and within subtypes, respectively. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedding (FFPE) samples from 50 EC patients underwent targeted DNA and RNA sequencing, and multiplex immunofluorescence assay for TIME. DNA sequencing classified 10%, 20%, 52%, and 18% of patients into the subtype of POLE-mutant, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), TP53-wt, and TP53-mutant. POLE-mutant tumors expressed the highest T-effector and IFN-γ signature and the lowest innate anti-PD-1 resistance signature among subtypes. TP53-wt revealed a converse enrichment trend for these immunologic signatures. Survival analyses using the Cancer Genome Atlas Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (TCGA-UCEC) dataset identified associations of CCR5 (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.71, p = 0.035), TNFRSF14 (HR = 0.58, p = 0.028), and IL-10 (HR = 2.5, p = 0.012) with overall survival within MSI-H, TP53-mutant, and TP53-wt subtype, respectively. A TIME comparison between the sub-stratified subgroups of our cohort revealed upregulated tumor infiltration of immune cells in the low-risk subgroups. Our study demonstrates that targeted DNA sequencing is an effective one-stop strategy to classify EC. Immunomodulatory genes may serve as prognostic markers within subtypes.
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18
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Hsu SH, Chuang KT, Wang LT. Role of wnt ligand secretion mediator signaling in cancer development. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/ejcrp.ejcrp-d-22-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
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19
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Endometriosis Stem Cells as a Possible Main Target for Carcinogenesis of Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer (EAOC). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010111. [PMID: 36612107 PMCID: PMC9817684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a serious recurrent disease impairing the quality of life and fertility, and being a risk for some histologic types of ovarian cancer defined as endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers (EAOC). The presence of stem cells in the endometriotic foci could account for the proliferative, migrative and angiogenic activity of the lesions. Their phenotype and sources have been described. The similarly disturbed expression of several genes, miRNAs, galectins and chaperones has been observed both in endometriotic lesions and in ovarian or endometrial cancer. The importance of stem cells for nascence and sustain of malignant tumors is commonly appreciated. Although the proposed mechanisms promoting carcinogenesis leading from endometriosis into the EAOC are not completely known, they have been discussed in several articles. However, the role of endometriosis stem cells (ESCs) has not been discussed in this context. Here, we postulate that ESCs may be a main target for the carcinogenesis of EAOC and present the possible sequence of events resulting finally in the development of EAOC.
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20
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Expression of the Hippo Pathway Core Components in Endometrial Cancer and Its Association with Clinicopathologic Features. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12122973. [PMID: 36552980 PMCID: PMC9776728 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12122973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hippo signaling pathway has a key role in tumorigenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the expression of core components of the Hippo signaling pathway and its association with clinicopathological features in endometrial cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively collected endometrioid endometrial cancer specimens from 60 patients between January 2002 and December 2009 at Gyeongsang National University Hospital. Relevant clinicopathological data were obtained through electronic medical records of patients. The expression patterns of six core components (YAP, p-YAP, LATS1/2, MST1/2, KIBRA, and Merlin) were identified by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray sections. RESULTS The positive expression ratio was 75.0% for YAP, 73.3% for p-YAP, 26.7% for MST1/2, 16.7% for KIBRA, 15.0% for Merlin, and 15.0% for LATS1/2. YAP expression was negatively correlated with MST 1/2 kinases (p = 0.045) and positively correlated with p-YAP (p = 0.012). Merlin, and MST 1/2 kinases (p = 0.043) showed a positive correlation. A subgroup of patients aged below 60 years (p = 0.004) and with myometrial invasion depth of less than 1/2 (p = 0.041) showed a positive association with YAP expression. p-YAP expression was negatively associated with a subset of patients with primary tumour size ≥4 cm (p = 0.03). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between age and YAP expression. The odds ratio of p-YAP expression was significantly lower in the group with tumour size ≥4 cm. CONCLUSION Two prognostic factors, age and tumour size, were significantly associated with the expression of YAP and p-YAP in endometrial cancer. Further research should focus on their expression as a marker for prediction of clinicopathological implications in endometrial cancer.
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21
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FGFR-2 and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Endometrial Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185416. [PMID: 36143062 PMCID: PMC9504491 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. At present, EC staging is based on the WHO conservative criteria, which only consider the percentage of gland formation. The molecular subgrouping of EC recently proposed by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) represents a milestone in precise molecular-based patient triage. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of FGFR-2 on the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and whether it can lead to endometrial cancer dedifferentiation. Methods. One hundred and three White female patients with confirmed EC were enrolled in our research. For the analysis, we performed next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemical analyses of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and vimentin. Results. Tumor grade progression was closely correlated with LVI (p = 0.0338), expression of vimentin (p = 0.000), tumor budding (p = 0.000), and lack of E-cadherin (p = 0.0028). Similar observations were noted with regard to TNM/FIGO stage progression. In terms of FGFR-2 mutation, we found the following correlation p-values: LVI (p = 0.069), expression of vimentin (p = 0.000), tumor budding (p = 0.000), and lack of E-cadherin (p = 0.000), RFS (p = 0.032), ECSS (p = 0.047). Conclusions. FGFR-2 is the important factor influencing on EMT.
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22
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Cook CJ, Miller AE, Barker TH, Di Y, Fogg KC. Characterizing the extracellular matrix transcriptome of cervical, endometrial, and uterine cancers. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 15:100117. [PMID: 35898192 PMCID: PMC9309672 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The matrisome plays a critical role in the progression of cancer, but the matrisomes of gynecological cancers have not been well characterized. We built an in silico analysis pipeline to analyze publicly available bulk RNA-seq datasets of cervical, endometrial, and uterine cancers. Using a machine learning approach, we identified genes and gene networks that held inferential significance for cancer stage and patient survival. Cervical, endometrial, and uterine cancers are highly distinct from one another and should be analyzed separately.
Increasingly, the matrisome, a set of proteins that form the core of the extracellular matrix (ECM) or are closely associated with it, has been demonstrated to play a key role in tumor progression. However, in the context of gynecological cancers, the matrisome has not been well characterized. A holistic, yet targeted, exploration of the tumor microenvironment is critical for better understanding the progression of gynecological cancers, identifying key biomarkers for cancer progression, establishing the role of gene expression in patient survival, and for assisting in the development of new targeted therapies. In this work, we explored the matrisome gene expression profiles of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), and uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) using publicly available RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) portal. We hypothesized that the matrisomal expression patterns of CESC, UCEC, and UCS would be highly distinct with respect to genes which are differentially expressed and hold inferential significance with respect to tumor progression, patient survival, or both. Through a combination of statistical and machine learning analysis techniques, we identified sets of genes and gene networks which characterized each of the gynecological cancer cohorts. Our findings demonstrate that the matrisome is critical for characterizing gynecological cancers and transcriptomic mechanisms of cancer progression and outcome. Furthermore, while the goal of pan-cancer transcriptional analyses is often to highlight the shared attributes of these cancer types, we demonstrate that they are highly distinct diseases which require separate analysis, modeling, and treatment approaches. In future studies, matrisome genes and gene ontology terms that were identified as holding inferential significance for cancer stage and patient survival can be evaluated as potential drug targets and incorporated into in vitro models of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carson J Cook
- Department of Bioengineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Andrew E Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Thomas H Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Yanming Di
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Kaitlin C Fogg
- Department of Bioengineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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23
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Xu T, Ding H, Chen J, Lei J, Zhao M, Ji B, Chen Y, Qin S, Gao Q. Research Progress of DNA Methylation in Endometrial Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070938. [PMID: 35883495 PMCID: PMC9312849 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC)) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the female genital system, with an increasing incidence and mortality, worldwide. Although the therapeutic strategy of EC is still complicated and challenging, further understanding of carcinogenesis from a gene perspective would allow an effort to improve therapeutic precision in this complex malignancy. DNA methylation is the most widely studied epigenetic alteration in human tumors. Aberrant DNA methylation events, resulting in altered gene expression, are features of many tumor types. In this review, we provide an update on evidence about the roles of aberrant DNA methylation within some classical tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes in endometrial carcinogenesis, and report on recent advances in the understanding of the contribution of aberrant DNA methylation to EC, as well as opportunities and challenges of DNA methylation in EC management and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Hongmei Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (H.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (H.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (H.D.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (Q.G.); Tel.: +86-512-67781951 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.); Fax: +86-0512-67780922 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.)
| | - Songbing Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (Q.G.); Tel.: +86-512-67781951 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.); Fax: +86-0512-67780922 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.)
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; (T.X.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (B.J.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (Q.G.); Tel.: +86-512-67781951 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.); Fax: +86-0512-67780922 (Y.C. & S.Q. & Q.G.)
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24
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Santoro A, Arciuolo D, Travaglino A, Inzani F, Zannoni GF, Raffone A, Mollo A. Immunohistochemical Assessment of β-Catenin in Endometrial Carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2022; 157:800. [PMID: 34999753 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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The Role of CTNNB1 in Endometrial Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1442441. [PMID: 35531470 PMCID: PMC9072012 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1442441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in the developed countries. Recent evidence suggests that histopathological subtyping together with molecular subgrouping can lead to more accurate assessment of the risk profile for the patient. Clinical studies suggest the currently used molecular classification improves the risk assessment of women with endometrial cancer but does not explain the differences in recurrence profiles clearly. This could be improved by novel markers. One of such are mutations in the β-catenin (CTNNB1) gene, a frequently mutated gene in endometrial cancer. This shows mutations mostly at phosphorylation sites of the β-catenin and almost exclusively in the endometrial subgroup of no specific molecular profile. CTNNB1 mutations lead to alterations in the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of EC by inducing transcription of target genes, whose function is to regulate the cell cycle. Although tumours with mutations in CTNNB1 tend to have low-risk characteristics, they are related to worse outcomes with significantly increased rate of disease recurrence and lower overall survival.
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26
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Ravegnini G, Gorini F, De Crescenzo E, De Leo A, De Biase D, Di Stanislao M, Hrelia P, Angelini S, De Iaco P, Perrone AM. Can miRNAs be useful biomarkers in improving prognostic stratification in endometrial cancer patients? An update review. Int J Cancer 2022; 150:1077-1090. [PMID: 34706070 PMCID: PMC9298718 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer, with annual incidence rates in Western countries ranging between 15 and 25 per 100 000 women. About 15% to 20% of patients with EC have high-risk disease and follow an aggressive clinical course. Unfortunately, the assessment of histologic parameters is poorly reproducible and conventional clinicopathological and molecular features do not reliably predict either the patient's response to the available treatments or the definition of personalized therapeutic approaches. In this context, the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, which can be integrated in the current classification schemes, represents an unmet clinical need and an important challenge. miRNAs are key players in cancer by regulating the expression of specific target genes. Their role in EC, in association with clinical and prognostic tumor biomarkers, has been investigated but, so far, with little consensus among the studies. The present review aims to describe the recent advances in miRNAs research in EC taking into consideration the current classification schemes and to highlight the most promising miRNAs. Finally, a perspective point of view sheds light on the challenges ahead in the landscape of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Francesca Gorini
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Eugenia De Crescenzo
- Division of Oncologic GynecologyIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMECUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty MedicineUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie GinecologicheUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Dario De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie GinecologicheUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Marco Di Stanislao
- Division of Oncologic GynecologyIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMECUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Division of Oncologic GynecologyIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMECUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie GinecologicheUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Division of Oncologic GynecologyIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMECUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie GinecologicheUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
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Fasoulakis Z, Koutras A, Ntounis T, Pergialiotis V, Chionis A, Katrachouras A, Palios VC, Symeonidis P, Valsamaki A, Syllaios A, Diakosavvas M, Angelou K, Samara AA, Pagkalos A, Theodora M, Schizas D, Kontomanolis EN. The Prognostic Role and Significance of Dll4 and Toll-like Receptors in Cancer Development. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071649. [PMID: 35406423 PMCID: PMC8996945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of this review is to summarize the latest details considering the role of Dll4 in cancer, since recent data report that Dll4 has a major key role in tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, the authors try to seek any correlation between Dll4 and cancer stem cells in tumor development. Considering that cancer stem cells have proven to be implicated in the progression of many cancer types, any impact from Dll4 could lead to the alteration of cancer development. Additionally, the authors make a report on current advantages on immunotherapy and tumor-draining lymph nodes in cancer. Finally, this study analyzes toll like receptors, pattern recognition receptors that are capable of recognizing different molecules and activating different genes. These immunogenetic molecules have remarkable roles including angiogenesis promotion, while their activation can lead to either cancer progression or inhibition, representing a very promising therapeutic alliance for cancer treatment. Abstract The Notch signaling pathway regulates the development of embryonic and tissue homeostasis of various types of cells. It also controls cell proliferation, variation, fate and cell death because it emits short-range messages to nearby cells. The pathway plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various malignancies, controlling cancer creation. It also limits cancer development by adjusting preserved angiogenesis and cellular programs. One of the Notch signaling ligands (in mammals) is Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4), which plays a significant role in the overall malignancies’ advancement. Particularly, sequencing Notch gene mutations, including those of Dll4, have been detected in many types of cancers portraying information on the growth of particular gynecological types of tumors. The current research article examines the background theory that implies the ability of Dll4 in the development of endometrial and other cancer types, and the probable therapeutic results of Dll4 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Fasoulakis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Athens ‘ALEXANDRA’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Lourou and Vasilissis Sofias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (Z.F.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (V.P.); (M.D.); (K.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Antonios Koutras
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Athens ‘ALEXANDRA’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Lourou and Vasilissis Sofias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (Z.F.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (V.P.); (M.D.); (K.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Thomas Ntounis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Athens ‘ALEXANDRA’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Lourou and Vasilissis Sofias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (Z.F.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (V.P.); (M.D.); (K.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Vasilios Pergialiotis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Athens ‘ALEXANDRA’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Lourou and Vasilissis Sofias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (Z.F.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (V.P.); (M.D.); (K.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Athanasios Chionis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, Agiou Thoma 17, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Alexandros Katrachouras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ioannina, University General Hospital of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchos Str., 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Vasileios-Chrysovalantis Palios
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Larisa, University General Hospital of Larisa, Mezourlo, 41110 Larisa, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis Symeonidis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Vasilissis Sofias Str. 12, 67100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (E.N.K.)
| | - Asimina Valsamaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larisa, Tsakal of 1, 41221 Larisa, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Syllaios
- 1st Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Agiou Thoma Str. 17, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-6972374280
| | - Michail Diakosavvas
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Athens ‘ALEXANDRA’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Lourou and Vasilissis Sofias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (Z.F.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (V.P.); (M.D.); (K.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Kyveli Angelou
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Athens ‘ALEXANDRA’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Lourou and Vasilissis Sofias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (Z.F.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (V.P.); (M.D.); (K.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Athina A. Samara
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Pagkalos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Xanthi, Neapoli, 67100 Xanthi, Greece;
| | - Marianna Theodora
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Athens ‘ALEXANDRA’, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Lourou and Vasilissis Sofias Ave, 11528 Athens, Greece; (Z.F.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (V.P.); (M.D.); (K.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- 1st Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Emmanuel N. Kontomanolis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Vasilissis Sofias Str. 12, 67100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (E.N.K.)
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28
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Hayat R, Manzoor M, Hussain A. Wnt Signaling Pathway: A Comprehensive Review. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:863-877. [PMID: 35297539 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is an evolutionary cell-to-cell coordination mechanism and it is highly critical for a variety of physiological processes of an organism's body, including stem cell regeneration, proliferation, division, migration, polarity of a cell, determining fate of the cell and specification of neural crest, neural symmetry and morphogenesis. Wnts are extracellular secreted glycol proteins, consisted of a family of 19 human proteins that represent the complex nature of the regulatory structure and physiological efficiency of signaling. Moreover, a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent pathway and the β-catenin-independent pathway that is further classified into the Planar Cell Polarity and Wnt/Ca2+ pathways have been established as key signaling nodes downstream of the frizzled (Fz/Fzd) receptor, and these nodes are extensively analyzed at biochemical and molecular levels. Genetic and epigenetic activities that ultimately characterize the pathway and its subsequent responses contribute to Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway hypo or hyper-activation and is associated with the variety of human disorders progression most significantly cancers. Recognizing how this mechanism operates is crucial to the advancement of cancer prevention therapies or regenerative medicine methods. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Hayat
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean university of China, Qingdao
| | - Maleeha Manzoor
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad
| | - Ali Hussain
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore
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29
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Ferrer AI, Einstein E, Morelli SS. Bone Marrow-Derived Cells in Endometrial Cancer Pathogenesis: Insights from Breast Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040714. [PMID: 35203363 PMCID: PMC8869947 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer, representing 3.5% of all new cancer cases in the United States. Abnormal stem cell-like cells, referred to as cancer stem cells (CSCs), reside in the endometrium and possess the capacity to self-renew and differentiate into cancer progenitors, leading to tumor progression. Herein we review the role of the endometrial microenvironment and sex hormone signaling in sustaining EC progenitors and potentially promoting dormancy, a cellular state characterized by cell cycle quiescence and resistance to conventional treatments. We offer perspective on mechanisms by which bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) within the endometrial microenvironment could promote endometrial CSC (eCSC) survival and/or dormancy. Our perspective relies on the well-established example of another sex hormone-driven cancer, breast cancer, in which the BM microenvironment plays a crucial role in acquisition of CSC phenotype and dormancy. Our previous studies demonstrate that BMDCs migrate to the endometrium and express sex hormone (estrogen and progesterone) receptors. Whether the BM is a source of eCSCs is unknown; alternatively, crosstalk between BMDCs and CSCs within the endometrial microenvironment could be an additional mechanism supporting eCSCs and tumorigenesis. Elucidating these mechanisms will provide avenues to develop novel therapeutic interventions for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra I. Ferrer
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (A.I.F.); (E.E.)
- School of Graduate Studies Newark, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Ella Einstein
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (A.I.F.); (E.E.)
| | - Sara S. Morelli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Correspondence:
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30
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Li Q, Zhong J, Yang S, Liang Y. Lower expression of PDZRN3 induces endometrial carcinoma progression via the activation of canonical Wnt signaling. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:98. [PMID: 35154429 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 2000438, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 2000438, P.R. China
| | - Shangjie Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 2000438, P.R. China
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