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Foffano L, Vida R, Piacentini A, Molteni E, Cucciniello L, Da Ros L, Silvia B, Cereser L, Roncato R, Gerratana L, Puglisi F. Is ctDNA ready to outpace imaging in monitoring early and advanced breast cancer? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38855809 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2362173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and radiological imaging are increasingly recognized as crucial elements in breast cancer management. While radiology remains the cornerstone for screening and monitoring, ctDNA holds distinctive advantages in anticipating diagnosis, recurrence, or progression, providing concurrent biological insights complementary to imaging results. AREAS COVERED This review delves into the current evidence on the synergistic relationship between ctDNA and imaging in breast cancer. It presents data on the clinical validity and utility of ctDNA in both early and advanced settings, providing insights into emerging liquid biopsy techniques like epigenetics and fragmentomics. Simultaneously, it explores the present and future landscape of imaging methodologies, particularly focusing on radiomics. EXPERT OPINION Numerous are the current technical, strategic, and economic challenges preventing the clinical integration of ctDNA analysis in the breast cancer monitoring. Understanding these complexities and devising targeted strategies is pivotal to effectively embedding this methodology into personalized patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Foffano
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vida
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Molteni
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda Cucciniello
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Lucia Da Ros
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Buriolla Silvia
- Department of Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cereser
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), University Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Gerratana
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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Zhou Y, Yang Z, Zeng H. An Aging-Related lncRNA Signature Establishing for Breast Cancer Prognosis and Immunotherapy Responsiveness Prediction. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2024; 17:251-270. [PMID: 38803444 PMCID: PMC11129764 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s450960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Emerging evidence demonstrates the vital role of aging and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in breast cancer (BC) progression. Our study intended to develop a prognostic risk model based on aging-related lncRNAs (AG-lncs) to foresee BC patients' outcomes. Patients and Methods 307 aging-related genes (AGs) were sequenced from the TCGA project. Then, 697 AG-lncs were identified by the co-expression analysis with AGs. Using multivariate and univariate Cox regression analysis, and LASSO, 6 AG-lncs, including al136531.1, mapt-as1, al451085.2, otud6b-as1, tnfrsf14-as1, and linc01871, were validated to compute the risk score and establish a risk signature. Expression levels of al136531.1, mapt-as1, al451085.2, tnfrsf14-as1, and linc01871 were higher in low-risk BC patients, whereas otud6b-as1 expression was higher in high-risk BC patients. In the training and testing set, high-risk patients performed shorter PFI, OS, and DFS than low-risk patients. Results Our risk signature had the highest concordance index among other established prognostic signatures and displayed ideal predictive ability for 1-, 3- and 5-year patient OS in the nomogram. Additionally, BC patients with different risk score levels showed different immune statuses and responses to immunotherapy via GSEA, ssGSEA, ESTIMATE algorithm, and TIDE algorithm analysis. Of note, the qRT-PCR analysis validated that these 6 AG-lncs expressed quite differentially in BC tissues at various clinical stages. Conclusion The risk signature of 6 AG-lncs might offer a novel prognostic biomarker and promisingly enhance BC immunotherapy's effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshijing Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihui Yang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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Kriebardis AG, Chardalias L, Damaskos C, Pouliakis A, Garmpis N, Fortis SP, Papailia A, Sideri C, Georgatzakou HT, Papageorgiou EG, Pittaras T, Tsourouflis G, Politou M, Papaconstantinou I, Dimitroulis D, Valsami S. Precision Oncology: Circulating Microvesicles as New Biomarkers in a Very Early Stage of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1943. [PMID: 38792021 PMCID: PMC11119677 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The release of microvesicles (MVs) is an essential phenomenon for inter-cellular signaling in health and disease. The role of MVs in cancer is multidimensional and includes cancer cell survival, proliferation, and invasion. In this prospective study, we analyzed MV levels in colorectal cancer patients and assessed the importance of MV release in early-stage colorectal cancer and survival. METHODS This study included 98 patients and 15 controls. The characterization of MVs from human plasma was performed by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS The levels of total MVs and MUC-1-positive, tissue factor (TF)-positive, and endothelial cell-derived MVs (EMVs) were statistically significantly higher in the colon cancer patients than in the controls (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the subgroup of patients with very early-stage colorectal cancer also had statistically significant differences in the levels of the abovementioned MVs compared to the controls (p < 0.01). Highly differentiated tumors had lower levels of MUC-1-positive MVs (p < 0.02), EMVs (p < 0.002), and EMV/TF combinations (p < 0.001) versus those with tumors with low/intermediate differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that the analysis of circulating MV levels in plasma could possibly become a tool for the early diagnosis of colon cancer at a very early stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios G. Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (A.G.K.); (S.P.F.); (H.T.G.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Leonidas Chardalias
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (L.C.); (A.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Christos Damaskos
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.G.); (G.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Abraham Pouliakis
- Second Department of Pathology, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.G.); (G.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Sotirios P. Fortis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (A.G.K.); (S.P.F.); (H.T.G.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Aspasia Papailia
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (L.C.); (A.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Christiana Sideri
- Hematology Laboratory-Blood Bank, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.S.); (T.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Hara T. Georgatzakou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (A.G.K.); (S.P.F.); (H.T.G.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Effie G. Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (A.G.K.); (S.P.F.); (H.T.G.); (E.G.P.)
| | - Theodoros Pittaras
- Hematology Laboratory-Blood Bank, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.S.); (T.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.G.); (G.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Marianna Politou
- Hematology Laboratory-Blood Bank, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.S.); (T.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Ioannis Papaconstantinou
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (L.C.); (A.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Dimitrios Dimitroulis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece; (C.D.); (N.G.); (G.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Serena Valsami
- Hematology Laboratory-Blood Bank, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.S.); (T.P.); (M.P.)
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Flory A, Wilson-Robles H. Noninvasive Blood-Based Cancer Detection in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2024; 54:541-558. [PMID: 38195361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The past decade has seen incredible advances in blood-based cancer detection in people and in dogs - yet this represents only a glimpse of the benefits these tests can provide to patients. The clinical uses of this technology range from screening asymptomatic individuals for early detection to use as an aid in diagnosis when cancer is suspected, to cancer monitoring both during and after treatment. This article summarizes the benefits of early cancer detection and examines use cases and methods of blood-based cancer detection in dogs, including quantitative, qualitative, and alternative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Flory
- PetDx, 9310 Athena Circle, Suite 230, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Heather Wilson-Robles
- Volition Veterinary Diagnostics Development, LLC 1489 West Warm Springs Road Suite 110, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; Ethos Discovery, 10435 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; The Oncology Service, United Veterinary Health, 6651 Backlick Road, Springfield, VA 22150, USA
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Gao J, Shi W, Wang J, Guan C, Dong Q, Sheng J, Zou X, Xu Z, Ge Y, Yang C, Li J, Bao H, Zhong X, Cui Y. Research progress and applications of epigenetic biomarkers in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1308309. [PMID: 38681199 PMCID: PMC11048075 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1308309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes are heritable changes in gene expression without changes in the nucleotide sequence of genes. Epigenetic changes play an important role in the development of cancer and in the process of malignancy metastasis. Previous studies have shown that abnormal epigenetic changes can be used as biomarkers for disease status and disease prediction. The reversibility and controllability of epigenetic modification changes also provide new strategies for early disease prevention and treatment. In addition, corresponding drug development has also reached the clinical stage. In this paper, we will discuss the recent progress and application status of tumor epigenetic biomarkers from three perspectives: DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, and histone modification, in order to provide new opportunities for additional tumor research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Gao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wujiang Shi
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Canghai Guan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingfu Dong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialin Sheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinlei Zou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yifei Ge
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengru Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiehan Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haolin Bao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Sequeira JP, Salta S, Freitas R, López-López R, Díaz-Lagares Á, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Biomarkers for Pre-Treatment Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1363. [PMID: 38611041 PMCID: PMC11011064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancies. Although most cases are not life-threatening, approximately 20% endure an unfavorable outcome. PSA-based screening reduced mortality but at the cost of an increased overdiagnosis/overtreatment of low-risk (lrPCa) and favorable intermediate-risk (firPCa) PCa. PCa risk-groups are usually identified based on serum Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), the Gleason score, and clinical T stage, which have consistent although variable specificity or subjectivity. Thus, more effective and specific tools for risk assessment are needed, ideally making use of minimally invasive methods such as liquid biopsies. In this systematic review we assessed the clinical potential and analytical performance of liquid biopsy-based biomarkers for pre-treatment risk stratification of PCa patients. METHODS Studies that assessed PCa pre-treatment risk were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and MedLine. PCa risk biomarkers were analyzed, and the studies' quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS The final analysis comprised 24 full-text articles, in which case-control studies predominated, mostly reporting urine-based biomarkers (54.2%) and biomarker quantification by qPCR (41.7%). Categorization into risk groups was heterogeneous, predominantly making use of the Gleason score. CONCLUSION This systematic review unveils the substantial clinical promise of using circulating biomarkers in assessing the risk for prostate cancer patients. However, the standardization of groups, categories, and biomarker validation are mandatory before this technique can be implemented. Circulating biomarkers might represent a viable alternative to currently available tools, obviating the need for tissue biopsies, and allowing for faster and more cost-effective testing, with superior analytical performance, specificity, and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Sequeira
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.-L.); (Á.D.-L.)
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Salta
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Doctoral Program in Pathology and Molecular Genetics, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Freitas
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Department of Urology & Urology Clinic, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rafael López-López
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.-L.); (Á.D.-L.)
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Díaz-Lagares
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.-L.); (Á.D.-L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP @RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.S.); (S.S.); (R.F.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
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Rolfo C, Del Re M, Russo A. Exploring the epigenetic susceptibility mechanisms of lung cancer through DNA methylation markers. Cancer 2024; 130:848-850. [PMID: 38236782 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
During lung carcinogenesis, different epigenetic changes occur and, among these, DNA methylation aberrations play a critical role, representing an appealing biomarker for cancer screening. In this Cancer issue, Zhao et al. systematically assessed the associations of genetically predicted DNA methylation CpGs with non–small cell lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marzia Del Re
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Shbeer AM, Robadi IA. liquid biopsy holds a promising approach for the early detection of cancer: Current information and future perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155082. [PMID: 38246032 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is becoming a global pandemic, and its occurrence is increasing rapidly, putting a strain on people's families, health systems, and finances, in addition to their physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Many cancer types lack screening programs, and many people at high risk of developing cancer do not follow recommended medical screening regimens because of the nature of currently available screening tests and other compliance issues, despite cancer being the second leading cause of death worldwide. Furthermore, a lot of liquid biopsy methods for early cancer screening are not sensitive enough to catch cancer early. Cancer treatment costs increase with the time it takes to diagnose the disease; therefore, early detection is essential to enhance the quality of life and survival rates. The current status of the liquid biopsy sector is examined in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Shbeer
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed Robadi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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Larraga-Urdaz AL, Moreira-Álvarez B, Encinar JR, Costa-Fernández JM, Fernández-Sánchez ML. A plasmonic MNAzyme signal amplification strategy for quantification of miRNA-4739 breast cancer biomarker. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1285:341999. [PMID: 38057053 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in the 21st century is the development of point-of-care diagnostic tools capable to detect and quantify disease biomarkers in a straightforward, affordable, sensitive, and specific manner. The remarkable plasmonic properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have promoted their use for development of simple methodologies for nucleic acid detection in combination with a variety of oligonucleotides amplification techniques. Here, assemblies of AuNPs with Multicomponent Nucleic Acid enzymes (MNAzymes) has been successfully used in the design of a highly sensitive and simple bioassay for rapid spectroscopic detection and quantification of miRNA-4739 in blood samples. The miRNA selected is a doxorubicin chemoresistant biomarker in breast cancer which overexpression promotes the proliferation, progression, and survival of cancer cells. In this work, two alternatives experimental designs, based on use of MNAzymes and AuNPs, have been optimized and applied for sensitive miRNA-4739 quantification: one based on a traditional direct measurement of wavelength shift and a second non-conventional simple approach based on isolation and measurement of free nanoparticles absorbance. Improvement in sensitivity and, higher measurement accuracy and precision were achieved with the second approach. The developed bioassay provides a detection limit as low as 7 pmolL-1 for miRNA-4739 quantification and performed satisfactory selectivity and well practical applicability by analysis of the miRNA-4739 in blood, demonstrating that the proposed strategy is a promising and suitable spectroscopic method for breast cancer diagnosis thought liquid biopsy of circulating tumoral cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Larraga-Urdaz
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Borja Moreira-Álvarez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz Encinar
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - José M Costa-Fernández
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
| | - María Luisa Fernández-Sánchez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
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Ugonabo O, Udoh UAS, Rajan PK, Reeves H, Arcand C, Nakafuku Y, Joshi T, Finley R, Pierre SV, Sanabria JR. The Current Status of the Liver Liquid Biopsy in MASH Related HCC: Overview and Future Directions. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1369. [PMID: 37759769 PMCID: PMC10526956 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is one of the major risk factors for chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of MASH in Western countries continues to rise, driving HCC as the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC has become a major global health challenge, partly from the obesity epidemic promoting metabolic cellular disturbances but also from the paucity of biomarkers for its early detection. Over 50% of HCC cases are clinically present at a late stage, where curative measures are no longer beneficial. Currently, there is a paucity of both specific and sensitive biological markers for the early-stage detection of HCC. The search for biological markers in the diagnosis of early HCC in high-risk populations is intense. We described the potential role of surrogates for a liver biopsy in the screening and monitoring of patients at risk for nesting HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyinye Ugonabo
- Department of Medicine, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.U.); (T.J.)
| | - Utibe-Abasi Sunday Udoh
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (U.-A.S.U.); (P.K.R.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.R.); (C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Pradeep Kumar Rajan
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (U.-A.S.U.); (P.K.R.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.R.); (C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Heather Reeves
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.R.); (C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Christina Arcand
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.R.); (C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Yuto Nakafuku
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (U.-A.S.U.); (P.K.R.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.R.); (C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Tejas Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (O.U.); (T.J.)
| | - Rob Finley
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.R.); (C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Sandrine V. Pierre
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (U.-A.S.U.); (P.K.R.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Juan Ramon Sanabria
- Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25703, USA; (U.-A.S.U.); (P.K.R.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.R.); (C.A.); (R.F.)
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolomic Core Facility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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11
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Maqbool M, Khan A, Shahzad A, Sarfraz Z, Sarfraz A, Aftab H, Jaan A. Predictive biomarkers for colorectal cancer: a state-of-the-art systematic review. Biomarkers 2023; 28:562-598. [PMID: 37585692 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2247185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a substantial health burden, with early detection paramount for improved prognosis. This study aims to evaluate potential CRC biomarkers and detection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review, reported in adherence to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines, collates the latest research on potential biomarkers and detection/prognosis methods for CRC, spanning the last decade. RESULTS Out of the 38 included studies, diverse biomarkers and detection methods emerged, with DNA methylation markers like SFRP2 and SDC2, microRNAs including miR-1290, miR-506, and miR-4316, and serum and plasma markers such as NTS levels and U2 snRNA fragments standing out. Methylated cfDNA and m5C methylation alteration in immune cells of the blood, along with circular RNA, showed promise as diagnostic markers. Meanwhile, techniques involving extracellular vesicles and lateral flow immunoassays exhibited potential for swift and effective CRC screening. DISCUSSION Our state-of-the-art review identifies potential biomarkers, including SFRP2, SDC2, miR-1290, miR-506, miR-4316, and U2 snRNA fragments, with significant potential in enhancing CRC detection. However, comprehensive validation studies and a rigorous evaluation of clinical utility and cost-effectiveness remain necessary before integration into routine clinical practice. CONCLUSION The findings emphasize the need for continued research into biomarkers and detection methods to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeez Maqbool
- Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Aden Khan
- Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Hinna Aftab
- CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Jaan
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
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12
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Liu D, Yao L, Ding X, Zhou H. Multi-omics immune regulatory mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma metastasis and survival time. Comput Biol Med 2023; 164:107333. [PMID: 37586202 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer. Despite previous research on immune mechanisms and related molecules in LUAD, the specific regulatory mechanisms of these molecules in the immune microenvironment remain unclear. Furthermore, the impact of regulatory genes or RNA on LUAD metastasis and survival time is yet to be understood. To address these gaps, we collected a substantial amount of data, including 17,226 gene expression profiles from 1,018 samples, 370,640 methylation sites from 461 samples, and 248 miRNAs from 513 samples. Our aim was to explore the genes, miRNAs, and methylation sites associated with LUAD progression. Leveraging the regulatory functions of miRNAs and methylation sites, we identified target and regulated genes. Through the utilization of LASSO and survival analysis, we pinpointed 22 key genes that play pivotal roles in the immune regulatory mechanism of LUAD. Notably, the expression levels of these 22 genes demonstrated significant discriminatory power in predicting LUAD patient survival time. Additionally, our deep learning model accurately predicted distant metastasis in LUAD patients using the expression levels of these genes. Further pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these 22 genes are significantly enriched in pathways closely linked to LUAD progression. Through Immune Infiltration Assay, we observed that T cell CD4 memory resting, monocytes, and macrophages.M2 were the three most abundant cell types in the immune microenvironment of LUAD. These cells are known to play crucial roles in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Single-cell data analysis further validated the functional significance of these genes, indicating their involvement not only in immune cells but also in epithelial cells, showcasing significant differential expression. Overall, this study sheds light on the regulatory mechanisms underlying the immune microenvironment of LUAD by identifying key genes associated with LUAD progression. The findings provide insights into potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lulu Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaolei Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Huan Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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13
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Yang J, Sun L, Liu X, Huang C, Peng J, Zeng X, Zheng H, Cen W, Xu Y, Zhu W, Wu X, Ling D, Zhang L, Wei M, Liu Y, Wang D, Wang F, Li Y, Li Q, Du Z. Targeted demethylation of the CDO1 promoter based on CRISPR system inhibits the malignant potential of breast cancer cells. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1423. [PMID: 37740473 PMCID: PMC10517212 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1) is frequently methylated, and its expression is decreased in many human cancers including breast cancer (BC). However, the functional and mechanistic aspects of CDO1 inactivation in BC are poorly understood, and the diagnostic significance of serum CDO1 methylation remains unclear. METHODS We performed bioinformatics analysis of publicly available databases and employed MassARRAY EpiTYPER methylation sequencing technology to identify differentially methylated sites in the CDO1 promoter of BC tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues (NATs). Subsequently, we developed a MethyLight assay using specific primers and probes for these CpG sites to detect the percentage of methylated reference (PMR) of the CDO1 promoter. Furthermore, both LentiCRISPR/dCas9-Tet1CD-based CDO1-targeted demethylation system and CDO1 overexpression strategy were utilized to detect the function and underlying mechanism of CDO1 in BC. Finally, the early diagnostic value of CDO1 as a methylation biomarker in BC serum was evaluated. RESULTS CDO1 promoter was hypermethylated in BC tissues, which was related to poor prognosis (p < .05). The CRISPR/dCas9-based targeted demethylation system significantly reduced the PMR of CDO1 promotor and increased CDO1 expression in BC cells. Consequently, this leads to suppression of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Additionally, we found that CDO1 exerted a tumour suppressor effect by inhibiting the cell cycle, promoting cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. Furthermore, we employed the MethyLight to detect CDO1 PMR in BC serum, and we discovered that serum CDO1 methylation was an effective non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis of BC. CONCLUSIONS CDO1 is hypermethylated and acts as a tumour suppressor gene in BC. Epigenetic editing of abnormal CDO1 methylation could have a crucial role in the clinical treatment and prognosis of BC. Additionally, serum CDO1 methylation holds promise as a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis and management of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Liyue Sun
- Second Department of OncologyGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Chan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Junling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Xinxin Zeng
- Second Department of OncologyGuangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Hailin Zheng
- Department of Clinical LaboratorySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Wenjian Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yu‐Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Dongyi Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Lu‐Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Mingbiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Deshen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Feng‐Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yu‐Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationGuangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineSun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Medical Research CenterSun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Ziming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
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Zheng K, Dai L, Zhao Y, Li L, Li W, Zhang X, Su Q, Wu R, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Ran J. Methylated SEPT9 combined with AFP and PIVKA-II is effective for the detection of HCC in high-risk population. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:260. [PMID: 37525116 PMCID: PMC10388499 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The methylation SEPT9 (mSEPT9) appeared to be effective for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection. However, its performance in high-risk population has not been validated. We designed a pilot study and aimed to investigate the performance of mSEPT9, AFP, PIVKA-II and their combination in hepatic cirrhosis (HC) population. METHODS A training cohort was established including 103 HCC and 114 HC patients. 10 ml blood was collected from each patient with K2EDTA tubes, and 3-4 ml plasma was extracted for subsequent tests. The performance of mSEPT9, AFP, PIVKA-II and their combination was optimized by the training cohort. Test performance was prospectively validated with a validation cohort, including 51 HCC and 121 HC patients. RESULTS At the optimal thresholds in the training cohort, the sensitivity, specificity and area under curve (AUC) was 72.82%, 89.47%, 0.84, and 48.57%, 89.92%, 0.79, and 63.64%, 95.95%, 0.79 for mSEPT9, AFP and PIVKA-II, respectively. The combined test significantly increased the sensitivity to 84.47% (P < 0.05) at the specificity of 86.84% with an AUC of 0.91. Stage-dependent performance was observed with all single markers and their combination in plasma marker levels, positive detection rate (PDR) and AUC. Moderate correlation was found between mSEPT9 and AFP plasma levels (r = 0.527, P < 0.0001). Good complementarity was found between any two of the three markers, providing optimal sensitivity in HCC detection when used in combination. Subsequent validation achieved a sensitivity, specificity and AUC of 65.31%, 92.86%, 0.80, and 44.24%, 89.26%, 0.75, and 62.22%, 95.27%, 0.78 for mSEPT9, AFP and PIVKA-II, respectively. The combined test yielded a significantly increased sensitivity of 84.00% (P < 0.05) at 85.57% specificity, with an AUC at 0.89. CONCLUSIONS The performance was optimal by the combination of mSEPT9, AFP, PIVKA-II compared with any single marker, and the combination may be effective for HCC opportunistic screening in HC population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kepu Zheng
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Leiyang Dai
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Yingpeng Zhao
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Laibang Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Xibing Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Qiuming Su
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Ruichao Wu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Yizhou Jiang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Yonglin Chen
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Jianghua Ran
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China.
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15
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Hao Y, Zhang F, Ma Y, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Yang N, Liu M, Liu H, Li J. Potential biomarkers for the early detection of bone metastases. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1188357. [PMID: 37404755 PMCID: PMC10315674 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1188357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical manifestations of bone metastases are diversified while many sites remain asymptomatic at early stage. As the early diagnosis method is not perfect and the early symptoms of tumor bone metastasis are not typical, bone metastasis is not easy to be detected. Therefore, the search for bone metastasis-related markers is effective for timely detection of tumor bone metastases and the development of drugs to inhibit bone metastases. As a result, bone metastases can only be diagnosed when symptoms are found, increasing the risk of developing skeletal-related event (SREs), which significantly impairs the patient's quality of life. Therefore, the early diagnosis of bone metastases is of great importance for the treatment and prognosis of cancer patients. Changes of bone metabolism indexes appear earlier in bone metastases, but the traditional biochemical indexes of bone metabolism lack of specificity and could be interfered by many factors, which limits their application in the study of bone metastases. Some new biomarkers of bone metastases have good diagnostic value, such as proteins, ncRNAs, circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Therefore, this study mainly reviewed the initial diagnostic biomarkers of bone metastases which were expected to provide references for the early detection of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifan Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yage Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongyong Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Man Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jitian Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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16
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Di Sario G, Rossella V, Famulari ES, Maurizio A, Lazarevic D, Giannese F, Felici C. Enhancing clinical potential of liquid biopsy through a multi-omic approach: A systematic review. Front Genet 2023; 14:1152470. [PMID: 37077538 PMCID: PMC10109350 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1152470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years, liquid biopsy gained increasing clinical relevance for detecting and monitoring several cancer types, being minimally invasive, highly informative and replicable over time. This revolutionary approach can be complementary and may, in the future, replace tissue biopsy, which is still considered the gold standard for cancer diagnosis. “Classical” tissue biopsy is invasive, often cannot provide sufficient bioptic material for advanced screening, and can provide isolated information about disease evolution and heterogeneity. Recent literature highlighted how liquid biopsy is informative of proteomic, genomic, epigenetic, and metabolic alterations. These biomarkers can be detected and investigated using single-omic and, recently, in combination through multi-omic approaches. This review will provide an overview of the most suitable techniques to thoroughly characterize tumor biomarkers and their potential clinical applications, highlighting the importance of an integrated multi-omic, multi-analyte approach. Personalized medical investigations will soon allow patients to receive predictable prognostic evaluations, early disease diagnosis, and subsequent ad hoc treatments.
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17
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Sulewska A, Pilz L, Manegold C, Ramlau R, Charkiewicz R, Niklinski J. A Systematic Review of Progress toward Unlocking the Power of Epigenetics in NSCLC: Latest Updates and Perspectives. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060905. [PMID: 36980246 PMCID: PMC10047383 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic research has the potential to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer, specifically non-small-cell lung cancer, and support our efforts to personalize the management of the disease. Epigenetic alterations are expected to have relevance for early detection, diagnosis, outcome prediction, and tumor response to therapy. Additionally, epi-drugs as therapeutic modalities may lead to the recovery of genes delaying tumor growth, thus increasing survival rates, and may be effective against tumors without druggable mutations. Epigenetic changes involve DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the activity of non-coding RNAs, causing gene expression changes and their mutual interactions. This systematic review, based on 110 studies, gives a comprehensive overview of new perspectives on diagnostic (28 studies) and prognostic (25 studies) epigenetic biomarkers, as well as epigenetic treatment options (57 studies) for non-small-cell lung cancer. This paper outlines the crosstalk between epigenetic and genetic factors as well as elucidates clinical contexts including epigenetic treatments, such as dietary supplements and food additives, which serve as anti-carcinogenic compounds and regulators of cellular epigenetics and which are used to reduce toxicity. Furthermore, a future-oriented exploration of epigenetic studies in NSCLC is presented. The findings suggest that additional studies are necessary to comprehend the mechanisms of epigenetic changes and investigate biomarkers, response rates, and tailored combinations of treatments. In the future, epigenetics could have the potential to become an integral part of diagnostics, prognostics, and personalized treatment in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Lothar Pilz
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Manegold
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rodryg Ramlau
- Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Niklinski
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.N.)
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Costa PMDS, Sales SLA, Pinheiro DP, Pontes LQ, Maranhão SS, Pessoa CDÓ, Furtado GP, Furtado CLM. Epigenetic reprogramming in cancer: From diagnosis to treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1116805. [PMID: 36866275 PMCID: PMC9974167 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1116805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the epigenetic program of gene expression is a hallmark of cancer that initiates and propagates tumorigenesis. Altered DNA methylation, histone modifications and ncRNAs expression are a feature of cancer cells. The dynamic epigenetic changes during oncogenic transformation are related to tumor heterogeneity, unlimited self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation. This stem cell-like state or the aberrant reprogramming of cancer stem cells is the major challenge in treatment and drug resistance. Given the reversible nature of epigenetic modifications, the ability to restore the cancer epigenome through the inhibition of the epigenetic modifiers is a promising therapy for cancer treatment, either as a monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer therapies, including immunotherapies. Herein, we highlighted the main epigenetic alterations, their potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis and the epigenetic therapies approved for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mikael da Silva Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil,Postgraduation Program in Biotechnology Northeastern Network of Biotechnology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Sarah Leyenne Alves Sales
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil,Postgraduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Queiroz Pontes
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ-Ceará, Sector of Biotechnology, Eusebio, Ceará, Brazil,Postgraduation Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Sarah Sant’Anna Maranhão
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Claudia do Ó. Pessoa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil,Postgraduation Program in Biotechnology Northeastern Network of Biotechnology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil,Postgraduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gilvan Pessoa Furtado
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ-Ceará, Sector of Biotechnology, Eusebio, Ceará, Brazil,Postgraduation Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado
- Drug Research and Development Center, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil,Experimental Biology Center, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil,*Correspondence: Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado,
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19
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El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EGE, El-Husseiny AA, Ismail A, Yehia AM, Abdelmaksoud NM, Elshimy RAA, Noshy M, Doghish AS. miRNAs role in bladder cancer pathogenesis and targeted therapy: Signaling pathways interplay - A review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154316. [PMID: 36682282 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 11th most popular cancer in females and 4th in males. A lot of efforts have been exerted to improve BC patients' care. Besides, new approaches have been developed to enhance the efficiency of BC diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutics, and monitoring. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small chain nucleic acids that can regulate wide networks of cellular events. They can inhibit or degrade their target protein-encoding genes. The miRNAs are either downregulated or upregulated in BC due to epigenetic alterations or biogenesis machinery abnormalities. In BC, dysregulation of miRNAs is associated with cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, treatment resistance, and other activities. A variety of miRNAs have been related to tumor kind, stage, or patient survival. Besides, although new approaches for using miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of BC have been developed, it still needs further investigations. In the next words, we illustrate the recent advances in the role of miRNAs in BC aspects. They include the role of miRNAs in BC pathogenesis and therapy. Besides, the clinical applications of miRNAs in BC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed Yehia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Reham A A Elshimy
- Clinical & Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, 11796 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina Noshy
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), SouthSinai, Ras Sudr 46612, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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20
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Wen J, Deng S, Bi Y, Qiao L, Xu H. Association between multiple gene promoter hypermethylation and the risk of gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2023; 55:40-45. [PMID: 35450814 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated an association between multiple gene hypermethylation and gastric cancer. However, the intrinsic mechanisms remain elusive and highly debatable. To this end, our study aims to investigate the correlation between the methylation status of multiple gene promoters and gastric cancer. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, WanFang, Cqvip, and Cochrane Library were queried from inception to May 2021, and the relationship between the methylation status of the CpG islands and gastric cancer risk was systematically assessed under the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The incidence of DNA methylation between tumor and non-tumor tissues was compared, and the clinicopathological significance of DNA methylation in gastric carcinoma was further evaluated. The odds ratio (OR) was estimated with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and forest plots were generated using the fixed-effects or random-effects model. RESULTS In total, 201 studies were enrolled, and a higher frequency of CpG islands methylation was identified in gastric cancer tissues than in non-neoplastic tissues. This suggests that aberrant polygene methylation might be associated with the initial onset and progression of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION This study sheds light on the significance of polygene methylation status in gastric cancer. The DNA methylation of these genes may serve as underlying epigenetic biomarkers, providing a promising molecular diagnostic approach for human gastric cancer clinical diagnosis. More large randomized trials are needed to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- JianRu Wen
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - SiXiu Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China; College of Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - YuHua Bi
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - LiJuan Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, China.
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21
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Zeng S, Lin C, Huang Y. miR-375 Combined with SHOX2 Methylation has Higher Diagnostic Efficacy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Biotechnol 2022:10.1007/s12033-022-00604-y. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00604-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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22
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Rodriguez-Casanova A, Costa-Fraga N, Castro-Carballeira C, González-Conde M, Abuin C, Bao-Caamano A, García-Caballero T, Brozos-Vazquez E, Rodriguez-López C, Cebey V, Palacios P, Cueva JF, López-López R, Costa C, Díaz-Lagares A. A genome-wide cell-free DNA methylation analysis identifies an episignature associated with metastatic luminal B breast cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1016955. [PMID: 36393855 PMCID: PMC9641197 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1016955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers of the luminal B subtype are frequent tumors with high proliferation and poor prognosis. Epigenetic alterations have been found in breast tumors and in biological fluids. We aimed to profile the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylome of metastatic luminal B breast cancer (LBBC) patients using an epigenomic approach to discover potential noninvasive biomarkers. Plasma cfDNA was analyzed using the Infinium MethylationEpic array in a cohort of 14 women, including metastatic LBBC patients and nontumor controls. The methylation levels of cfDNA and tissue samples were validated with droplet digital PCR. The methylation and gene expression data of 582 primary luminal breast tumors and 79 nontumor tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We found an episignature of 1,467 differentially methylated CpGs that clearly identified patients with LBBC. Among the genes identified, the promoter hypermethylation of WNT1 was validated in cfDNA, showing an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.86 for the noninvasive detection of metastatic LBBC. Both paired cfDNA and primary/metastatic breast tumor samples showed hypermethylation of WNT1. TCGA analysis revealed significant WNT1 hypermethylation in the primary tumors of luminal breast cancer patients, with a negative association between WNT1 methylation and gene expression. In this proof-of-principle study, we discovered an episignature associated with metastatic LBBC using a genome-wide cfDNA methylation approach. We also identified the promoter hypermethylation of WNT1 in cfDNA as a potential noninvasive biomarker for luminal breast cancer. Our results support the use of EPIC arrays to identify new epigenetic noninvasive biomarkers in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Rodriguez-Casanova
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nicolas Costa-Fraga
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Miriam González-Conde
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Abuin
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aida Bao-Caamano
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás García-Caballero
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela and Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago (XXIS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elena Brozos-Vazquez
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmela Rodriguez-López
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Victor Cebey
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Patricia Palacios
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan F. Cueva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Clotilde Costa
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Díaz-Lagares
- Epigenomics Unit, Cancer Epigenomics, Translational Medical Oncology Group (ONCOMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Palanca-Ballester C, Hervas D, Villalba M, Valdes-Sanchez T, Garcia D, Alcoriza-Balaguer MI, Benet M, Martinez-Tomas R, Briones-Gomez A, Galbis-Caravajal J, Calvo A, Juan O, Lahoz A, Cases E, Sandoval J. Translation of a tissue epigenetic signature to circulating free DNA suggests BCAT1 as a potential noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:116. [PMID: 36123616 PMCID: PMC9487112 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer patients are diagnosed at late stages when curative treatments are no longer possible; thus, molecular biomarkers for noninvasive detection are urgently needed. In this sense, we previously identified and validated an epigenetic 4-gene signature that yielded a high diagnostic performance in tissue and invasive pulmonary fluids. We analyzed DNA methylation levels using the ultrasensitive digital droplet PCR in noninvasive samples in a cohort of 83 patients. We demonstrated that BCAT1 is the candidate that achieves high diagnostic efficacy in circulating DNA derived from plasma (area under the curve: 0.85). Impact of potentially confounding variables was also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora Palanca-Ballester
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Hervas
- Department of Applied Statistics and Operational Research and Quality, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Villalba
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Diana Garcia
- Epigenomics Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Alcoriza-Balaguer
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Benet
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Alfonso Calvo
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Oscar Juan
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Agustin Lahoz
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Cases
- Pneumology Service, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain. .,Epigenomics Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
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24
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Krausewitz P, Kluemper N, Richter AP, Büttner T, Kristiansen G, Ritter M, Ellinger J. Early Dynamics of Quantitative SEPT9 and SHOX2 Methylation in Circulating Cell-Free Plasma DNA during Prostate Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184355. [PMID: 36139516 PMCID: PMC9496792 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The methylation status of Septin 9 (SEPT9) and short stature homeobox 2 (SHOX2) in circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) are validated pan-cancer biomarkers. The present proof-of-concept study aimed to investigate the potential and dynamics of quantitative SEPT9 and SHOX2 methylation in prostate cancer (PCa) patient tissue and ccfDNA during prostate biopsy as a diagnostic tool. Methods: The methylation patterns of SEPT9 and SHOX2 in prostate tissue were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas data set (n = 498 PCa and n = 50 normal adjacent prostate tissue (NAT)). Next, dynamic changes of ccfDNA methylation were quantified in prospectively enrolled patients undergoing prostate biopsy (n = 72), local treatment for PCa (n = 7; radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy) as well as systemic treatment for PCa (n = 6; chemotherapy and 177-Lu-PSMA-therapy). Biomarker levels were correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results: SEPT9 and SHOX2 were hypermethylated in PCa tissue (p < 0.001) and allowed discrimination of PCa and non-tumor prostate tissue (mSEPT9: AUC 0.87, 95%CI [0.82−0.92]; mSHOX2: AUC 0.89, 95%CI 0.84−0.94). SHOX2 methylation and mRNA levels were significantly higher in PCa tissue and increased with tumor stage and grade, as well as in patients suffering from biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy. SEPT9 and SHOX2 ccfDNA methylation allowed distinguishing patients with localized and metastatic disease (p < 0.001 for both). In addition, methylation levels increased shortly after prostate biopsy only in patients with PCa (ΔmSEPT9: p < 0.001 and ΔmSHOX2: p = 0.001). Conclusions: The early dynamics of methylated SEPT9 and SHOX2 in ccfDNA allow differentiation between PCa patients and patients without PCa and is a promising marker for tumor monitoring in the metastatic stage to determine tumor burden under systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Krausewitz
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-15118853551
| | - Niklas Kluemper
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ayk-Peter Richter
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Büttner
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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25
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Dabi Y, Bendifallah S, Suisse S, Haury J, Touboul C, Puchar A, Favier A, Daraï E. Overview of non-coding RNAs in breast cancers. Transl Oncol 2022; 25:101512. [PMID: 35961269 PMCID: PMC9382556 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer in women is the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Although earlier diagnosis and detection of breast cancer has resulted in lower mortality rates, further advances in prevention, detection, and treatment are needed to improve outcomes and survival for women with breast cancer as well as to offer a personalized therapeutic approach. It is now well-established that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent 98% of the transcriptome but in-depth knowledge about their involvement in the regulation of gene expression is lacking. A growing body of research indicates that ncRNAs are essential for tumorigenesis by regulating the expression of tumour-related genes. In this review, we focus on their implication in breast cancer genesis but also report the latest knowledge of their theragnostic and therapeutic role. We highlight the need for accurate quantification of circulating ncRNAs which is determinant to develop reliable biomarkers. Further studies are mandatory to finally enter the era of personalized medicine for women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Dabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France; INSERM UMR_S_938, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris 75020, France.
| | - Sofiane Bendifallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France; INSERM UMR_S_938, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris 75020, France
| | | | - Julie Haury
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020, France
| | - Cyril Touboul
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France; INSERM UMR_S_938, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris 75020, France
| | - Anne Puchar
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020, France
| | - Amélia Favier
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020, France
| | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, 4 rue de la Chine, Paris 75020, France; Clinical Research Group (GRC) Paris 6: Centre Expert Endométriose (C3E), Sorbonne University (GRC6 C3E SU), France; INSERM UMR_S_938, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris 75020, France
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26
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Tamkovich S, Tupikin A, Kozyakov A, Laktionov P. Size and Methylation Index of Cell-Free and Cell-Surface-Bound DNA in Blood of Breast Cancer Patients in the Contest of Liquid Biopsy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168919. [PMID: 36012175 PMCID: PMC9408721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrantly methylated circulating DNA (cirDNA) has proven to be a good cancer marker, but its detection is limited by low concentrations, fragmentation, and insufficiency. Since the methylated cirDNA was shown to be more stable in circulation than the unmethylated one and was shown to bind with the blood cell surface, we studied the concentration, representation, and fragmentation of tumor-derived methylated DNA in cell-free and cell-surface-associated DNA. We found that long DNA fragments (more than 10 kb) are mainly associated with the surface of blood cells. However, in plasma short DNA fragments (100–1000 bp) were also found along with long DNA fragments. Isolation of short fragments after separation of cirDNA in 6% PAGE followed by quantitative PCR (L1 element) has shown that short DNA fragments in healthy females represent 22% versus 0.5–4.4% in breast cancer patients. The methylated form of the RARβ2 gene was detected only in long DNA fragments by Real-time TaqMan PCR of bisulfite-converted DNA. The methylation index of cirDNA from healthy women was estimated at 0%, 9%, and 7% in plasma, PBS-EDTA, and trypsin eluates from the surface of blood cells, respectively. The methylation index of breast cancer patients’ DNA was found to be 33%, 15%, and 61% in the same fractions confirming the overrepresentation of methylated DNA in csbDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Tamkovich
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, V. Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexey Tupikin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton Kozyakov
- Department of Mammology, Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary, Novosibirsk 630108, Russia
| | - Pavel Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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27
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Liu X, Papukashvili D, Wang Z, Liu Y, Chen X, Li J, Li Z, Hu L, Li Z, Rcheulishvili N, Lu X, Ma J. Potential utility of miRNAs for liquid biopsy in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:940314. [PMID: 35992785 PMCID: PMC9386533 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.940314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the most prevalent malignancy due to its incidence rate, recurrence, and metastasis in women. Conventional strategies of cancer detection– mammography and tissue biopsy lack the capacity to detect the complete cancer genomic landscape. Besides, they often give false- positive or negative results. The presence of this and other disadvantages such as invasiveness, high-cost, and side effects necessitates developing new strategies to overcome the BC burden. Liquid biopsy (LB) has been brought to the fore owing to its early detection, screening, prognosis, simplicity of the technique, and efficient monitoring. Remarkably, microRNAs (miRNAs)– gene expression regulators seem to play a major role as biomarkers detected in the samples of LB. Particularly, miR-21 and miR-155 among other possible candidates seem to serve as favorable biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of BC. Hence, this review will assess the potential utility of miRNAs as biomarkers and will highlight certain promising candidates for the LB approach in the diagnosis and management of BC that may optimize the patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Liu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dimitri Papukashvili
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Linjie Hu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nino Rcheulishvili
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqing Lu, ; Jinfeng Ma,
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqing Lu, ; Jinfeng Ma,
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Gao H, Yang J, He L, Wang W, Liu Y, Hu Y, Ge M, Ding J, Ye Q. The Diagnostic Potential of SHOX2 and RASSF1A DNA Methylation in Early Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:849024. [PMID: 35837113 PMCID: PMC9273978 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.849024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveMethylation of the promoters of SHOX2 and RASSF1A are potentially informative biomarkers for the diagnosis of early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Abnormal methylation of SHOX2 and RASSF1A promoters may promote the occurrence and facilitate the progression of LUAD.Materials and MethodsWe selected 54 patients with early LUAD and 31 patients with benign lung nodules as a NJDT cohort and evaluated their DNA methylation and mRNA sequencing levels. The DNA methylation sequencing, mRNA sequencing, and clinical data for patients with LUAD were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and served as a TCGA cohort. We evaluated the diagnostic potential of a SHOX2 and RASSF1A combined promoter methylation assay for detection of early LUAD in the NJDT cohort. Then we explored the promoter methylation levels of SHOX2 and RASSF1A and their gene expression between normal and tumor samples at different stages in both cohorts. Pathways enriched between tumor and normal samples of methylation-positive patients in the NJDT cohort were analyzed.ResultsIn the NJDT cohort, the sensitivity of the combined promoter methylation assay on tumor samples was 74.07%, the sensitivity on paired tumor and paracancerous samples was 77.78%, and the specificities in both contexts were 100%. The combined promoter methylation-positive patients had clinicopathologic features including older age, larger tumors, deeper invasion, and higher Ki-67 expression. In both cohorts, SHOX2 expression increased and RASSF1A expression decreased in tumor samples. The promoter methylation level of SHOX2 and RASSF1A was significantly higher in tumor samples at stage I-II than that in normal samples. The promoter methylation levels of these two genes were both negative associated with their expression in early tumor samples. In the NJDT cohort, methylation-positive patients of both individual SHOX2 and RASSF1A assays exhibited upregulation of folate acid metabolism and nucleotide metabolism in tumor samples. The SHOX2 methylation-positive and RASSF1A methylation-positive patients showed the downregulation of pathways related to cell proliferation and apoptosis and pathways involved in DNA repair, cell growth and cell adhesion, respectively.ConclusionThe combined promoter methylation assay for SHOX2 and RASSF1A can be used for screening and diagnosis of early LUAD, with good sensitivity and specificity. The promoter methylation levels of SHOX2 and RASSF1A were associated with their abnormal mRNA expression, and affected DNA instability, cell proliferation, apoptosis and tumor microenvironment in patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiling Ge
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Biobank of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Intelligent Pathology Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Ye,
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Kuwabara H, Katsumata K, Iwabuchi A, Udo R, Tago T, Kasahara K, Mazaki J, Enomoto M, Ishizaki T, Soya R, Kaneko M, Ota S, Enomoto A, Soga T, Tomita M, Sunamura M, Tsuchida A, Sugimoto M, Nagakawa Y. Salivary metabolomics with machine learning for colorectal cancer detection. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3234-3243. [PMID: 35754317 PMCID: PMC9459332 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As the worldwide prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) increases, it is vital to reduce its morbidity and mortality through early detection. Saliva‐based tests are an ideal noninvasive tool for CRC detection. Here, we explored and validated salivary biomarkers to distinguish patients with CRC from those with adenoma (AD) and healthy controls (HC). Saliva samples were collected from patients with CRC, AD, and HC. Untargeted salivary hydrophilic metabolite profiling was conducted using capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. An alternative decision tree (ADTree)‐based machine learning (ML) method was used to assess the discrimination abilities of the quantified metabolites. A total of 2602 unstimulated saliva samples were collected from subjects with CRC (n = 235), AD (n = 50), and HC (n = 2317). Data were randomly divided into training (n = 1301) and validation datasets (n = 1301). The clustering analysis showed a clear consistency of aberrant metabolites between the two groups. The ADTree model was optimized through cross‐validation (CV) using the training dataset, and the developed model was validated using the validation dataset. The model discriminating CRC + AD from HC showed area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curves (AUC) of 0.860 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.828‐0.891) for CV and 0.870 (95% CI: 0.837‐0.903) for the validation dataset. The other model discriminating CRC from AD + HC showed an AUC of 0.879 (95% CI: 0.851‐0.907) and 0.870 (95% CI: 0.838‐0.902), respectively. Salivary metabolomics combined with ML demonstrated high accuracy and versatility in detecting CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kuwabara
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Katsumata
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Iwabuchi
- Center for Health Surveillance and Preventive Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Udo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tago
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Kasahara
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Mazaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanobu Enomoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ishizaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Soya
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miku Kaneko
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Sana Ota
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ayame Enomoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masaru Tomita
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Makoto Sunamura
- Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tsuchida
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan.,Research and Development Center for Minimally Invasive Therapies Health Promotion and Preemptive Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nagakawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang M, Sun M, Zhang H. The Interaction Between Epigenetic Changes, EMT, and Exosomes in Predicting Metastasis of Colorectal Cancers (CRC). Front Oncol 2022; 12:879848. [PMID: 35712512 PMCID: PMC9197117 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.879848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common malignancy, and the second most deadly with nearly one million attributable deaths in 2020. Metastatic disease is present in nearly 25% of newly diagnosed CRC, and despite advances in chemotherapy, less than 20% will remain alive at 5 years. Epigenetic change plays a key role in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a crucial phenotype for metastasis and mainly includes DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, seemingly valuable biomarkers in CRCs. For ncRNAs, there exists a “molecular sponge effect” between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). The detection of exosomes is a novel method in CRC monitoring, especially for predicting metastasis. There is a close relationship between exosomes and EMT in CRCs. This review summarizes the close relationship between epigenetic changes and EMT in CRCs and emphasizes the crucial function of exosomes in regulating the EMT process.
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Emerging Blood-Based Biomarkers for Predicting Immunotherapy Response in NSCLC. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112626. [PMID: 35681606 PMCID: PMC9179588 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Treatment with immunotherapy has been established as a standard treatment for lung cancer in recent years. Unfortunately, still, only a small proportion of patients benefit from the treatment, being the first leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need for predictive biomarkers to help clinicians to discern whose patients are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. Since liquid biopsy opens the door to select patients and monitor the response during the treatment in a non-invasive way, in this review, we focus on the most relevant and recent results based on blood soluble biomarkers. Abstract Immunotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) has demonstrated a profitable performance for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cancer treatment in some patients; however, there is still a percentage of patients in whom immunotherapy does not provide the desired results regarding beneficial outcomes. Therefore, obtaining predictive biomarkers for ICI response will improve the treatment management in clinical practice. In this sense, liquid biopsy appears as a promising method to obtain samples in a minimally invasive and non-biased way. In spite of its evident potential, the use of these circulating biomarkers is still very limited in the real clinical practice, mainly due to the huge heterogeneity among the techniques, the lack of consensus, and the limited number of patients included in these previous studies. In this work, we review the pros and cons of the different proposed biomarkers, such as soluble PD-L1, circulating non-coding RNA, circulating immune cells, peripheral blood cytokines, and ctDNA, obtained from liquid biopsy to predict response to ICI treatment at baseline and to monitor changes in tumor and tumor microenvironment during the course of the treatment in NSCLC patients.
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Abedi Z, MotieGhader H, Hosseini SS, Sheikh Beig Goharrizi MA, Masoudi-Nejad A. mRNA-miRNA bipartite networks reconstruction in different tissues of bladder cancer based on gene co-expression network analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5885. [PMID: 35393513 PMCID: PMC8991185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most important cancers worldwide, and if it is diagnosed early, its progression in humans can be prevented and long-term survival will be achieved accordingly. This study aimed to identify novel micro-RNA (miRNA) and gene-based biomarkers for diagnosing BC. The microarray dataset of BC tissues (GSE13507) listed in the GEO database was analyzed for this purpose. The gene expression data from three BC tissues including 165 primary bladder cancer (PBC), 58 normal looking-bladder mucosae surrounding cancer (NBMSC), and 23 recurrent non-muscle invasive tumor tissues (RNIT) were used to reconstruct gene co-expression networks. After preprocessing and normalization, deferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained and used to construct the weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA). Gene co-expression modules and low-preserved modules were extracted among BC tissues using network clustering. Next, the experimentally validated mRNA-miRNA interaction information were used to reconstruct three mRNA-miRNA bipartite networks. Reactome pathway database and Gene ontology (GO) was subsequently performed for the extracted genes of three bipartite networks and miRNAs, respectively. To further analyze the data, ten hub miRNAs (miRNAs with the highest degree) were selected in each bipartite network to reconstruct three bipartite subnetworks. Finally, the obtained biomarkers were comprehensively investigated and discussed in authentic studies. The obtained results from our study indicated a group of genes including PPARD, CST4, CSNK1E, PTPN14, ETV6, and ADRM1 as well as novel miRNAs (e.g., miR-16-5p, miR-335-5p, miR-124-3p, and let-7b-5p) which might be potentially associated with BC and could be a potential biomarker. Afterward, three drug-gene interaction networks were reconstructed to explore candidate drugs for the treatment of BC. The hub miRNAs in the mRNA-miRNA bipartite network played a fundamental role in BC progression; however, these findings need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abedi
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib MotieGhader
- Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sahar Sadat Hosseini
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Masoudi-Nejad
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Vo TTL, Nguyen TN, Nguyen TT, Pham ATD, Vuong DL, Ta VT, Ho VS. SHOX2 methylation in Vietnamese patients with lung cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3413-3421. [PMID: 35088378 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation on cytosine in the CpG dinucleotides is one of the most common epigenetic perturbations taking place during cancer initiation, progression, occurrence and resistance therapy. DNA methylation seems to be sufficiently stable epigenetic modification to be utilized as a cancer biomarker in in vitro diagnostic (IVD) settings. Nowadays, the SHOX2 methylation (mSHOX2) is one of the most valuable DNA methylation biomarkers of lung cancer that is the leading cause of cancer death. It is being continuously validated across ethnicities, lifestyles and lifespan. This study focused on characteristics of mSHOX2 in Vietnamese patients with lung cancer since a lack of investigation and evidence of its utility in this country. METHODS The probe and primer sets were designed according to the MethyLight method for quantitative assessment of the mSHOX2 in 214 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lung tissues and 57 plasma samples. RESULTS mSHOX2 in FFPE tissues allowed discriminating benign and malignant lung diseases with 60% (95% CI 50.7-68.8%) sensitivity and 90.4% (95% CI 82.6-95.5%) specificity. Importantly, based on mSHOX2 in plasma, lung cancer could be detected with 83.3% (95% CI 65.3-94.4%) sensitivity and 92.6% (95% CI 75.7-99.1%) specificity, respectively. There were insignificant associations between mSHOX2 with age, cancer stage, EGFR mutation and serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 concentrations except for that gender. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that mSHOX2 was satisfactory for distinguishing malignant from benign lung tissue and noninvasively detecting lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuong Lan Vo
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Thuy Ngan Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thu Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Thuy Duong Pham
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dieu Linh Vuong
- Pathology and Molecular Biology Center, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van To Ta
- Pathology and Molecular Biology Center, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Son Ho
- Department of Chemistry, 175 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Cammarata G, de Miguel-Perez D, Russo A, Peleg A, Dolo V, Rolfo C, Taverna S. Emerging noncoding RNAs contained in extracellular vesicles: rising stars as biomarkers in lung cancer liquid biopsy. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221131229. [PMID: 36353504 PMCID: PMC9638531 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221131229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a high morbidity and mortality rate, and affected patients have a
poor prognosis and low survival. The therapeutic approaches for lung cancer
treatment, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, are not completely
effective, due to late diagnosis. Although the identification of genetic drivers
has contributed to the improvement of lung cancer clinical management, the
discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic tools remains a critical issue.
Liquid biopsy (LB) represents a minimally invasive approach and practical
alternative source to investigate tumor-derived alterations and to facilitate
the selection of targeted therapies. LB allows for the testing of different
analytes such as circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs),
tumor-educated platelets, and cell-free nucleic acids including DNAs, RNAs, and
noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Several regulatory factors control the key cellular
oncogenic pathways involved in cancers. ncRNAs have a wide range of regulatory
effects in lung cancers. This review focuses on emerging regulatory ncRNAs,
freely circulating in body fluids or shuttled by EVs, such as circular-RNAs,
small nucleolar-RNAs, small nuclear-RNAs, and piwi-RNAs, as new biomarkers for
early detection, prognosis, and monitoring of therapeutic strategy of lung
cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cammarata
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Diego de Miguel-Perez
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Russo
- Medical Oncology Unit, A.O. Papardo & Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ariel Peleg
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vincenza Dolo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, Box 1079, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Simona Taverna
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, Palermo 90146, Italy
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Aleotti V, Catoni C, Poggiana C, Rosato A, Facchinetti A, Scaini MC. Methylation Markers in Cutaneous Melanoma: Unravelling the Potential Utility of Their Tracking by Liquid Biopsy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6217. [PMID: 34944843 PMCID: PMC8699653 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most serious, life-threatening form of all dermatologic diseases, with a poor prognosis in the presence of metastases and advanced disease. Despite recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, there is still a critical need for a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms behind melanoma progression and resistance onset. Recent advances in genome-wide methylation methods have revealed that aberrant changes in the pattern of DNA methylation play an important role in many aspects of cancer progression, including cell proliferation and migration, evasion of cell death, invasion, and metastasization. The purpose of the current review was to gather evidence regarding the usefulness of DNA methylation tracking in liquid biopsy as a potential biomarker in melanoma. We investigated the key genes and signal transduction pathways that have been found to be altered epigenetically in melanoma. We then highlighted the circulating tumor components present in blood, including circulating melanoma cells (CMC), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), as a valuable source for identifying relevant aberrations in DNA methylation. Finally, we focused on DNA methylation signatures as a marker for tracking response to therapy and resistance, thus facilitating personalized medicine and decision-making in the treatment of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Aleotti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (V.A.); (C.C.); (A.F.); (M.C.S.)
| | - Cristina Catoni
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (V.A.); (C.C.); (A.F.); (M.C.S.)
| | - Cristina Poggiana
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (V.A.); (C.C.); (A.F.); (M.C.S.)
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (V.A.); (C.C.); (A.F.); (M.C.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Oncology and Immunology Section, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Facchinetti
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (V.A.); (C.C.); (A.F.); (M.C.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Oncology and Immunology Section, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Scaini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (V.A.); (C.C.); (A.F.); (M.C.S.)
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Ntzifa A, Londra D, Rampias T, Kotsakis A, Georgoulias V, Lianidou E. DNA Methylation Analysis in Plasma Cell-Free DNA and Paired CTCs of NSCLC Patients before and after Osimertinib Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235974. [PMID: 34885084 PMCID: PMC8656722 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib has been an effective second-line treatment in EGFR mutant NSCLC patients; however, resistance inevitably occurs. DNA methylation has been previously implicated in NSCLC progression and often in therapy resistance, however its distinct role in osimertinib resistance is not elucidated as yet. In the present study, we directly compared DNA methylation of nine selected genes (RASSF1A, RASSF10, APC, WIF-1, BRMS1, SLFN11, RARβ, SHISA3, and FOXA1) in plasma-cfDNA and paired CTCs of NSCLC patients who were longitudinally monitored during osimertinib treatment. Peripheral blood (PB) from 42 NSCLC patients was obtained at two time points: (a) baseline: before treatment with osimertinib and (b) at progression of disease (PD). DNA methylation of the selected genes was detected in plasma-cfDNA (n = 80) and in paired CTCs (n = 74). Direct comparison of DNA methylation of six genes between plasma-cfDNA and paired CTC samples (n = 70) revealed a low concordance, indicating that CTCs and cfDNA give complementary information. DNA methylation analysis of plasma-cfDNA and CTCs indicated that when at least one of these genes was methylated there was a statistically significant increase at PD compared to baseline (p = 0.031). For the first time, DNA methylation analysis in plasma-cfDNA and paired CTCs of NSCLC patients during osimertinib therapy indicated that DNA methylation of these genes could be a possible resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliki Ntzifa
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.N.); (D.L.)
| | - Dora Londra
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.N.); (D.L.)
| | - Theodoros Rampias
- Basic Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Kotsakis
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hellenic Oncology Research Group (HORG), 11471 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.N.); (D.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-727-4311
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Boussadia Z, Gambardella AR, Mattei F, Parolini I. Acidic and Hypoxic Microenvironment in Melanoma: Impact of Tumour Exosomes on Disease Progression. Cells 2021; 10:3311. [PMID: 34943819 PMCID: PMC8699343 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of melanoma progression have been extensively studied in the last decade, and despite the diagnostic and therapeutic advancements pursued, malignant melanoma still accounts for 60% of skin cancer deaths. Therefore, research efforts are required to better define the intercellular molecular steps underlying the melanoma development. In an attempt to represent the complexity of the tumour microenvironment (TME), here we analysed the studies on melanoma in acidic and hypoxic microenvironments and the interactions with stromal and immune cells. Within TME, acidity and hypoxia force melanoma cells to adapt and to evolve into a malignant phenotype, through the cooperation of the tumour-surrounding stromal cells and the escape from the immune surveillance. The role of tumour exosomes in the intercellular crosstalk has been generally addressed, but less studied in acidic and hypoxic conditions. Thus, this review aims to summarize the role of acidic and hypoxic microenvironment in melanoma biology, as well as the role played by melanoma-derived exosomes (Mexo) under these conditions. We also present a perspective on the characteristics of acidic and hypoxic exosomes to disclose molecules, to be further considered as promising biomarkers for an early detection of the disease. An update on the use of exosomes in melanoma diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatment will be also provided and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaira Boussadia
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Adriana Rosa Gambardella
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mattei
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Isabella Parolini
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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Dobre EG, Constantin C, Costache M, Neagu M. Interrogating Epigenome toward Personalized Approach in Cutaneous Melanoma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:901. [PMID: 34575678 PMCID: PMC8467841 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations have emerged as essential contributors in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including cutaneous melanoma (CM). Unlike genetic changes, epigenetic modifications are highly dynamic and reversible and thus easy to regulate. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the latest research findings on the role of genetic and epigenetic alterations in CM initiation and development. We believe that a better understanding of how aberrant DNA methylation and histone modifications, along with other molecular processes, affect the genesis and clinical behavior of CM can provide the clinical management of this disease a wide range of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets that can be used to prevent or abrogate drug resistance. We will also approach the modalities by which these epigenetic alterations can be used to customize the therapeutic algorithms in CM, the current status of epi-therapies, and the preliminary results of epigenetic and traditional combinatorial pharmacological approaches in this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91–95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (M.N.)
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marieta Costache
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91–95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (M.N.)
| | - Monica Neagu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91–95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (M.N.)
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
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