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Mansoor A, Kamran H, Rizwan H, Akhter A, Roshan TM, Shabani-Rad MT, Bavi P, Stewart D. Expression of "DNA damage response" pathway genes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: The potential for exploiting synthetic lethality. Hematol Oncol 2024; 42:e3225. [PMID: 37795760 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) are two of the most prevalent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes. Despite advances, treatment resistance and patient relapse remain challenging issues. Our study aimed to scrutinize gene expression distinctions between DLBCL and FL, employing a cohort of 53 DLBCL and 104 FL samples that underwent rigorous screening for genetic anomalies. The NanoString nCounter assay evaluated 730 cancer-associated genes, focusing on densely tumorous areas in diagnostic samples. Employing the Lymph2Cx method, we determined the cell-of-origin (COO) for DLBCL cases. Our meticulous analysis, facilitated by Qlucore Omics Explorer software, unveiled a substantial 37% of genes with significantly differential expression patterns between DLBCL and FL, pointing to nuanced mechanistic disparities. Investigating the impact of FL disease stage and DLBCL COO on gene expression yielded minimal differences, prompting us to direct our attention to consistently divergent genes in DLBCL. Intriguingly, our Gene Set Enrichment Analysis spotlighted 21% of these divergent genes, converging on the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway, vital for cell survival and cancer evolution. Strong positive correlations among most DDR genes were noted, with key genes like BRCA1, FANCA, FEN1, PLOD1, PCNA, and RAD51 distinctly upregulated in DLBCL compared to FL and normal tissue controls. These findings were subsequently validated using RNA seq data on normal controls and DLBCL samples from public databases like The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases, enhancing the robustness of our results. Considering the established significance of these DDR genes in solid cancer therapies, our study underscores their potential applicability in DLBCL treatment strategies. In conclusion, our investigation highlights marked gene expression differences between DLBCL and FL, with particular emphasis on the essential DDR pathway. The identification of these DDR genes as potential therapeutic targets encourages further exploration of synthetic lethality-based approaches for managing DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Mansoor
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, and Alberta Precision Laboratories (APL), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hamza Kamran
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, and Alberta Precision Laboratories (APL), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hassan Rizwan
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, and Alberta Precision Laboratories (APL), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ariz Akhter
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, and Alberta Precision Laboratories (APL), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tariq Mahmood Roshan
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, and Alberta Precision Laboratories (APL), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Meer-Taher Shabani-Rad
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, and Alberta Precision Laboratories (APL), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Prashant Bavi
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, and Alberta Precision Laboratories (APL), Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Douglas Stewart
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Stefaniak P, Kraziński BE, Kieżun J, Majewska H, Godlewski J. Altered immunoexpression of DNA polymerase delta 1 catalytic subunit (POLD1) in colorectal cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2023; 27:147-154. [PMID: 38239863 PMCID: PMC10793622 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2023.133505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study aimed to determine the immunoexpression levels of polymerase delta 1 catalytic subunit (POLD1), a catalytic and proofreading subunit of DNA polymerase delta, in the sections of colorectal cancer (CRC), and to evaluate the significance of POLD1 as a potential prognostic factor in CRC. Material and methods Paired, tumour and non-cancerous tissue samples of the large intestine distant to the neoplasm were collected from the postoperative material of 78 patients who underwent surgical resection of CRC tumours. Polymerase delta 1 catalytic subunit protein levels were determined using immunohistochemistry. Clinical, pathomorphological, and survival data of the patients were pooled. In addition, POLD1 mRNA expression levels of 599 CRC patients were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets and subjected to statistical and survival analysis including the Kaplan-Meier method followed by the log-rank test. Results Immunoexpression of POLD1 was found in the nuclei of the tumour cells and epithelial cells of unchanged intestinal mucosa. Polymerase delta 1 catalytic subunit immunoreactivity in the tumour was heterogenous, and the average immunoreactivity score was decreased in cancer cells when compared to the mucosa of matched sections of unchanged large intestine (p = 0.0259). However, POLD1 expression at the protein and mRNA levels did not associate with clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and their survival. Conclusions Despite previous studies suggesting that POLD1 genetic alterations could be promising molecular biomarkers in CRC, our results do not support any prognostic significance of POLD1 expression in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Stefaniak
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, Hospital Ministry of Internal Affairs with Warmia and Mazury Oncology Centre, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Emil Kraziński
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Kieżun
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Hanna Majewska
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Janusz Godlewski
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, Hospital Ministry of Internal Affairs with Warmia and Mazury Oncology Centre, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
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