1
|
Huang Q, Kimura S, Iwata T. Thermal Embedding of Humicola insolens Cutinase: A Strategy for Improving Polyester Biodegradation in Seawater. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5836-5846. [PMID: 37940601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
By thermal embedding of the commercially available enzyme Humicola insolens cutinase (HiC), this study successfully enhanced the biodegradability of various polyesters (PBS, PBSA, PCL, PBAT) in seawater, which otherwise show limited environmental degradability. Melt extrusion above the melting temperature was used for embedding HiC in the polyesters. The overall physical properties of the HiC-embedded films remained almost unchanged compared to those of the neat films. In the buffer, embedding HiC allowed rapid polymer degradation into water-soluble hydrolysis products. Biochemical oxygen demand tests showed that the HiC-embedded polyester films exhibited similar or much higher biodegradability than the biodegradable cellulose standard in natural seawater. Thermal embedding of HiC aims to accelerate the biodegradation of plastics that are already biodegradable but have limited environmental biodegradability, potentially reducing their contribution to environmental problems such as marine microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- QiuYuan Huang
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kimura
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Iwata
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Romano A, Varriale S, Pezzella C, Totaro G, Andanson JM, Verney V, Sisti L. Natural deep eutectic solvents as thermostabilizer for Humicola insolens cutinase. N Biotechnol 2023:S1871-6784(23)00027-4. [PMID: 37257817 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As a new generation of green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered a promising alternative to current harsh organic solvents and find application in many chemical processing methods such as extraction and synthesis. DESs, normally formed by two or more components via various hydrogen bond interactions, offer high potential as medium for biocatalysis reactions where they can improve efficiency by enhancing substrate solubility and the activity and stability of the enzymes. In the current study, the stabilization of Humicola insolens cutinase (HiC) in natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) was assessed. The best hydrogen bond donor among sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol, glycerol and ethylene glycol, and the best acceptor among betaine, choline chloride, choline acetate, choline dihydrogen citrate and tetramethylammonium chloride, were selected, evaluating binding energies and molecular orientations through molecular docking simulations, and finally used to prepare NADES aqueous solutions. The effects of component ratio and NADES concentration on HiC thermostability at 90 °C were also investigated. The choline dihydrogen citrate:xylitol, in a 1:1 ratio with a 20wt% concentration, was selected as the best combination in stabilizing HiC, increasing its half-life three-fold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Romano
- Department of Civil, Chemical Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Pezzella
- Biopox srl, Viale Maria Bakunin 12, 80125 Naples, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Totaro
- Department of Civil, Chemical Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna Italy
| | - Jean-Michel Andanson
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Verney
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laura Sisti
- Department of Civil, Chemical Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
N-Amidation of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds: Can We Apply Enzymatic Tools? Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020222. [PMID: 36829716 PMCID: PMC9951958 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Amide bond is often seen in value-added nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, which can present promising chemical, biological, and pharmaceutical significance. However, current synthesis methods in the preparation of amide-containing N-heterocyclic compounds have low specificity (large amount of by-products) and efficiency. In this study, we focused on reviewing the feasible enzymes (nitrogen acetyltransferase, carboxylic acid reductase, lipase, and cutinase) for the amidation of N-heterocyclic compounds; summarizing their advantages and weakness in the specific applications; and further predicting candidate enzymes through in silico structure-functional analysis. For future prospects, current enzymes demand further engineering and improving for practical industrial applications and more enzymatic tools need to be explored and developed for a broader range of N-heterocyclic substrates.
Collapse
|
4
|
Di Bisceglie F, Quartinello F, Vielnascher R, Guebitz GM, Pellis A. Cutinase-Catalyzed Polyester-Polyurethane Degradation: Elucidation of the Hydrolysis Mechanism. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030411. [PMID: 35160402 PMCID: PMC8838978 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyurethanes (PU) are one of the most-used classes of synthetic polymers in Europe, having a considerable impact on the plastic waste management in the European Union. Therefore, they represent a major challenge for the recycling industry, which requires environmentally friendly strategies to be able to re-utilize their monomers without applying hazardous and polluting substances in the process. In this work, enzymatic hydrolysis of a polyurethane-polyester (PU-PE) copolymer using Humicola insolens cutinase (HiC) has been investigated in order to achieve decomposition at milder conditions and avoiding harsh chemicals. PU-PE films have been incubated with the enzyme at 50 °C for 168 h, and hydrolysis has been followed throughout the incubation. HiC effectively hydrolysed the polymer, reducing the number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) by 84% and 42%, respectively, as shown by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), while scanning electron microscopy showed cracks at the surface of the PU-PE films as a result of enzymatic surface erosion. Furthermore, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis showed a reduction in the peaks at 1725 cm−1, 1164 cm−1 and 1139 cm−1, indicating that the enzyme preferentially hydrolysed ester bonds, as also supported by the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) results. Liquid chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC-MS-Tof) analysis revealed the presence in the incubation supernatant of all of the monomeric constituents of the polymer, thus suggesting that the enzyme was able to hydrolyse both the ester and the urethane bonds of the polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Di Bisceglie
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; (F.D.B.); (R.V.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Felice Quartinello
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; (F.D.B.); (R.V.); (G.M.G.)
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Correspondence: (F.Q.); (A.P.)
| | - Robert Vielnascher
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; (F.D.B.); (R.V.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Georg M. Guebitz
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; (F.D.B.); (R.V.); (G.M.G.)
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Alessandro Pellis
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; (F.D.B.); (R.V.); (G.M.G.)
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Universitá degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.Q.); (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arnling Bååth J, Novy V, Carneiro LV, Guebitz GM, Olsson L, Westh P, Ribitsch D. Structure-function analysis of two closely related cutinases from Thermobifida cellulosilytica. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:470-481. [PMID: 34755331 PMCID: PMC9299132 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cutinases can play a significant role in a biotechnology-based circular economy. However, relatively little is known about the structure-function relationship of these enzymes, knowledge that is vital to advance optimized, engineered enzyme candidates. Here, two almost identical cutinases from Thermobifida cellulosilytica DSM44535 (Thc_Cut1 and Thc_Cut2) with only 18 amino acids difference were used for a rigorous biochemical characterization of their ability to hydrolyze poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), PET-model substrates, and cutin-model substrates. Kinetic parameters were compared with detailed in silico docking studies of enzyme-ligand interactions. The two enzymes interacted with, and hydrolyzed PET differently, with Thc_Cut1 generating smaller PET-degradation products. Thc_Cut1 also showed higher catalytic efficiency on long-chain aliphatic substrates, an effect likely caused by small changes in the binding architecture. Thc_Cut2, in contrast, showed improved binding and catalytic efficiency when approaching the glass transition temperature of PET, an effect likely caused by longer amino acid residues in one area at the enzyme's surface. Finally, the position of the single residue Q93 close to the active site, rotated out in Thc_Cut2, influenced the ligand position of a trimeric PET-model substrate. In conclusion, we illustrate that even minor sequence differences in cutinases can affect their substrate binding, substrate specificity, and catalytic efficiency drastically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Arnling Bååth
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vera Novy
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leonor V Carneiro
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Georg M Guebitz
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | - Lisbeth Olsson
- Dept. of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Westh
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Doris Ribitsch
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guidotti G, Soccio M, Gazzano M, Siracusa V, Lotti N. Poly(Alkylene 2,5-Thiophenedicarboxylate) Polyesters: A New Class of Bio-Based High-Performance Polymers for Sustainable Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152460. [PMID: 34372066 PMCID: PMC8348809 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, 100% bio-based polyesters of 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid were synthesized via two-stage melt polycondensation using glycols containing 3 to 6 methylene groups. The so-prepared samples were characterised from the molecular point of view and processed into free-standing thin films. Afterward, both the purified powders and the films were subjected to structural and thermal characterisation. In the case of thin films, mechanical response and barrier properties to O2 and CO2 were also evaluated. From the results obtained, it emerged that the length of glycolic sub-units is an effective tool to modulate the chain mobility and, in turn, the kind and amount of ordered phases developed in the samples. In addition to the usual amorphous and 3D crystalline phases, in all the samples investigated it was possible to evidence a further phase characterised by a lower degree of order (mesophase) than the crystalline one, whose amount is strictly related to the glycol sub-unit length. The relative fraction of all these phases is responsible for the different mechanical and barrier performances. Last, but not least, a comparison between thiophene-based homopolymers and their furan-based homologues was carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Massimo Gazzano
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, ISOF-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Valentina Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Agro-Food Research, CIRI-AGRO, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (N.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cowan AR, Costanzo CM, Benham R, Loveridge EJ, Moody SC. Fungal bioremediation of polyethylene: Challenges and perspectives. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:78-89. [PMID: 34218487 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plastics have become ubiquitous in both their adoption as materials and as environmental contaminants. Widespread pollution of these versatile, man-made and largely petroleum-derived polymers has resulted from their long-term mass production, inappropriate disposal and inadequate end of life management. Polyethylene (PE) is at the forefront of this problem, accounting for one-third of plastic demand in Europe in part due to its extensive use in packaging. Current recycling and incineration processes do not represent sustainable solutions to tackle plastic waste, especially once it becomes littered, and the development of new waste-management and remediation technologies are needed. Mycoremediation (fungal-based biodegradation) of PE has been the topic of several studies over the last two decades. The utility of these studies is limited by an inconclusive definition of biodegradation and a lack of knowledge regarding the biological systems responsible. This review highlights relevant features of fungi as potential bioremediation agents, before discussing the evidence for fungal biodegradation of both high- and low-density PE. An up-to-date perspective on mycoremediation as a future solution to PE waste is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Cowan
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Social Science, Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | - Chiara M Costanzo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Robert Benham
- Faculty of Creative Industries, Architecture and Engineering, Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | - E Joel Loveridge
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Suzy C Moody
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University, Kingston-Upon-Thames, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Criteria for Engineering Cutinases: Bioinformatics Analysis of Catalophores. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutinases are bacterial and fungal enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of natural cutin, a three-dimensional inter-esterified polyester with epoxy-hydroxy fatty acids with chain lengths between 16 and 18 carbon atoms. Due to their ability to accept long chain substrates, cutinases are also effective in catalyzing in vitro both the degradation and synthesis of several synthetic polyesters and polyamides. Here, we present a bioinformatics study that intends to correlate the structural features of cutinases with their catalytic properties to provide rational basis for their effective exploitation, particularly in polymer synthesis and biodegradation. The bioinformatics study used the BioGPS method (Global Positioning System in Biological Space) that computed molecular descriptors based on Molecular Interaction Fields (MIFs) described in the GRID force field. The information was used to generate catalophores, spatial representations of the ability of each enzymatic active site to establish hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. These tools were exploited for comparing cutinases to other serine-hydrolases enzymes, namely lipases, esterases, amidases and proteases, and for highlighting differences and similarities that might guide rational engineering strategies. Structural features of cutinases with their catalytic properties were correlated. The “catalophore” of cutinases indicate shared features with lipases and esterases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sales JCS, Santos AG, de Castro AM, Coelho MAZ. A critical view on the technology readiness level (TRL) of microbial plastics biodegradation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:116. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
10
|
From lignocellulose to plastics: Knowledge transfer on the degradation approaches by fungi. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 50:107770. [PMID: 33989704 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we argue that there is much to be learned by transferring knowledge from research on lignocellulose degradation to that on plastic. Plastic waste accumulates in the environment to hazardous levels, because it is inherently recalcitrant to biological degradation. Plants evolved lignocellulose to be resistant to degradation, but with time, fungi became capable of utilising it for their nutrition. Examples of how fungal strategies to degrade lignocellulose could be insightful for plastic degradation include how fungi overcome the hydrophobicity of lignin (e.g. production of hydrophobins) and crystallinity of cellulose (e.g. oxidative approaches). In parallel, knowledge of the methods for understanding lignocellulose degradation could be insightful such as advanced microscopy, genomic and post-genomic approaches (e.g. gene expression analysis). The known limitations of biological lignocellulose degradation, such as the necessity for physiochemical pretreatments for biofuel production, can be predictive of potential restrictions of biological plastic degradation. Taking lessons from lignocellulose degradation for plastic degradation is also important for biosafety as engineered plastic-degrading fungi could also have increased plant biomass degrading capabilities. Even though plastics are significantly different from lignocellulose because they lack hydrolysable C-C or C-O bonds and therefore have higher recalcitrance, there are apparent similarities, e.g. both types of compounds are mixtures of hydrophobic polymers with amorphous and crystalline regions, and both require hydrolases and oxidoreductases for their degradation. Thus, many lessons could be learned from fungal lignocellulose degradation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Nikulin M, Švedas V. Prospects of Using Biocatalysis for the Synthesis and Modification of Polymers. Molecules 2021; 26:2750. [PMID: 34067052 PMCID: PMC8124709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trends in the dynamically developing application of biocatalysis for the synthesis and modification of polymers over the past 5 years are considered, with an emphasis on the production of biodegradable, biocompatible and functional polymeric materials oriented to medical applications. The possibilities of using enzymes not only as catalysts for polymerization but also for the preparation of monomers for polymerization or oligomers for block copolymerization are considered. Special attention is paid to the prospects and existing limitations of biocatalytic production of new synthetic biopolymers based on natural compounds and monomers from biomass, which can lead to a huge variety of functional biomaterials. The existing experience and perspectives for the integration of bio- and chemocatalysis in this area are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Nikulin
- Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1, bldg. 40, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vytas Švedas
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1, bldg. 73, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Research Computing Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1, bldg. 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kántor I, Aparaschivei D, Todea A, Biró E, Babos G, Szerényi D, Kakasi B, Péter F, Şişu E, Feczkó T. Biocatalytic synthesis of poly[ε-caprolactone-co-(12-hydroxystearate)] copolymer for sorafenib nanoformulation useful in drug delivery. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
13
|
Gkountela C, Rigopoulou M, Barampouti EM, Vouyiouka S. Enzymatic prepolymerization combined with bulk post-polymerization towards the production of bio-based polyesters: The case of poly(butylene succinate). Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
14
|
Maurya A, Bhattacharya A, Khare SK. Enzymatic Remediation of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)-Based Polymers for Effective Management of Plastic Wastes: An Overview. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:602325. [PMID: 33330434 PMCID: PMC7710609 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.602325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, plastic-based pollution is now recognized as one of the serious threats to the environment. Among different plastics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) occupies a pivotal place, its excess presence as a waste is a major environmental concern. Mechanical, thermal, and chemical-based treatments are generally used to manage PET pollution. However, these methods are usually expensive or generate secondary pollutants. Hence, there is a need for a cost-effective and environment-friendly method for efficient management of PET-based plastic wastes. Considering this, enzymatic treatment or recycling is one of the important methods to curb PET pollution. In this regard, PET hydrolases have been explored for the treatment of PET wastes. These enzymes act on PET and end its breakdown into monomeric units and subsequently results in loss of weight. However, various factors, specifically PET crystallinity, temperature, and pH, are known to affect this enzymatic process. For effective hydrolysis of PET, high temperature is required, which facilitates easy accessibility of substrate (PET) to enzymes. However, to function at this high temperature, there is a requirement of thermostable enzymes. The thermostability could be enhanced using glycosylation, immobilization, and enzyme engineering. Furthermore, the use of surfactants, additives such as Ca2+, Mg2+, and hydrophobins (cysteine-rich proteins), has also been reported to enhance the enzymatic PET hydrolysis through facilitating easy accessibility of PET polymers. The present review encompasses a brief overview of the use of enzymes toward the management of PET wastes. Various methods affecting the treatment process and different constraints arising thereof are also systematically highlighted in the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Maurya
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Amrik Bhattacharya
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Khare
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Carniel A, Gomes ADC, Coelho MAZ, de Castro AM. Process strategies to improve biocatalytic depolymerization of post-consumer PET packages in bioreactors, and investigation on consumables cost reduction. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:507-516. [PMID: 33111179 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Massive plastics production has raised concerns about low recycling rates and disposal of these materials in nature, causing environmental and economic impacts. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is one of main polymers used for manufacture of plastic packaging (e.g. bottles, trays). Enzymatic recycling of PET has been a route of increasing study aiming at to recover its monomers (terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol), resulting in a circular production chain. In this study, investigation of pH control and fractionation of enzyme feeding were explored in post-consumed PET (PC-PET) hydrolysis reactions catalyzed by Humicola insolens cutinase (HiC) in stirred reactors. It was found that the unbuffered reaction provided of pH control by 0.5 M NaOH addition showed 2.39-fold improvement in the released monomers (to a total of 26.3 mM), comparatively to the Tris-HCl-buffered reaction. In addition, it was observed a possibility of reducing the enzyme loading used in the process by half, leading to an increase of 2.41-fold in the specific terephthalic acid concentration released per protein amount, whilst maintaining a high products concentration (97 mM). A simplified cost analysis of reaction consumables was performed, and the data reported here demonstrates that these alternative process strategies contribute to costs reduction on the enzymatic depolymerization reactions of PET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Carniel
- Falcão Bauer, R. Aquinos, 111. Água Branca, São Paulo, 05036‑070, Brazil.,Department of Biochemical Engineering, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900, Brazil
| | - Absai da Conceição Gomes
- Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center, PETROBRAS, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941‑915, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Zarur Coelho
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Machado de Castro
- Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center, PETROBRAS, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941‑915, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sisila V, Puhazhselvan P, Aarthy M, Sakkeeshyaa G, Saravanan P, Kamini NR, Ayyadurai N. Esterification of Polymeric Carbohydrate Through Congener Cutinase-Like Biocatalyst. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:19-32. [PMID: 32808247 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03415-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cutinase-like enzymes (CLEs) are bi-functional hydrolases, which share the conserved catalytic site of lipase and consensus pentapeptide sequence of cutinase. Here, we have genetically replaced the canonical amino acids (CAA) by their non-canonical fluorinated surrogates to biosynthesize a novel class of congener biocatalyst for esterification of polymeric carbohydrate with long-chain fatty acid. It is a new enzyme-engineering approach used to manipulate industrially relevant biocatalyst through genetic incorporation of new functionally encoded non-canonical amino acids (NCAA). Global fluorination of CLE improved its catalytic, functional, and structural stability. Molecular docking studies confirmed that the fluorinated CLE (FCLE) had developed a binding affinity towards different fatty acids compared with the parent CLE. Importantly, FCLE could catalyze starch oleate synthesis in 24 h with a degree of substitution of 0.3 ± 0.001. Biophysical and microscopic analysis substantiated the efficient synthesis of the ester by FCLE. Our data represent the first step in the generation of an industrially relevant fluorous multifunctional enzyme for facile synthesis of high fatty acid starch esters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valappil Sisila
- Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Puhazhendi Puhazhselvan
- Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India
| | - Mayilvahanan Aarthy
- Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India
| | | | - Perisamy Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India
| | - Numbi Ramudu Kamini
- Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Niraikulam Ayyadurai
- Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tuan Kob TNA, Ismail MF, Abdul Rahman MB, Cordova KE, Mohammad Latif MA. Unraveling the Structural Dynamics of an Enzyme Encapsulated within a Metal–Organic Framework. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:3678-3685. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. N. A. Tuan Kob
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. F. Ismail
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. B. Abdul Rahman
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Foundry of Reticular Materials for Sustainability (FORMS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kyle E. Cordova
- Department of Chemistry and Berkeley Global Science Institute, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Discovery Research Unit, Reticular Foundry, Royal Scientific Society, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - M. A. Mohammad Latif
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Foundry of Reticular Materials for Sustainability (FORMS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
The question of how to distinguish between lipases and esterases is about as old as the definition of the subclassification is. Many different criteria have been proposed to this end, all indicative but not decisive. Here, the activity of lipases in dry organic solvents as a criterion is probed on a minimal α/β hydrolase fold enzyme, the Bacillus subtilis lipase A (BSLA), and compared to Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), a proven lipase. Both hydrolases show activity in dry solvents and this proves BSLA to be a lipase. Overall, this demonstrates the value of this additional parameter to distinguish between lipases and esterases. Lipases tend to be active in dry organic solvents, while esterases are not active under these circumstances.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sagong HY, Seo H, Kim T, Son HF, Joo S, Lee SH, Kim S, Woo JS, Hwang SY, Kim KJ. Decomposition of the PET Film by MHETase Using Exo-PETase Function. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young Sagong
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogyun Seo
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kim
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeoncheol Francis Son
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjoon Joo
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Hoo Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongmin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Hwang
- Research Center for Industrial Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
- Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Biochemical properties and biotechnological applications of microbial enzymes involved in the degradation of polyester-type plastics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
21
|
Su A, Kiokekli S, Naviwala M, Shirke AN, Pavlidis IV, Gross RA. Cutinases as stereoselective catalysts: Specific activity and enantioselectivity of cutinases and lipases for menthol and its analogs. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 133:109467. [PMID: 31874689 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The specific activity and enantioselectivity of immobilized cutinases from Aspergillus oryzae (AoC) and Humicola insolens (HiC) were compared with those of lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL), Rhizomucor miehei (RML) and Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) for menthol and its analogs that include isopulegol, trans-2-tert-butylcyclohexanol (2TBC), and dihydrocarveol (DHC). Common features of these alcohols are two bulky substituents: a cyclohexyl ring and an alkyl substituent. Dissimilarities are that the alkyl group reside at different positions or have dissimilar structures. The aim was to develop an understanding at a molecular level of similarities and differences in the catalytic behavior of the selected cutinases and lipases as a function of substrate structural elements. The experimental results reflect the (-)-enantioselectivity for AoC, HiC, TLL, and RML, while CALB is only active on DHC with (+)-enantioselectivity. In most cases, AoC has the highest activity while HiC is significantly more active than other enzymes on 2TBC. The E values of AoC, HiC, TLL, and RML for menthol are 27.8, 16.5, 155, and 125, respectively. HiC has a higher activity (>10-fold) on (-)-2TBC than AoC while they exhibit similar activities on menthol. Docking results reveal that the bulky group adjacent to the hydroxyl group determines the enantioselectivity of AoC, HiC, TLL, and RML. Amino acid residues that dominate the enantioselectivity of these enzymes are AoC's Phe195 aromatic ring; HiC's hydrophobic Leu 174 and Ile 169 groups; TLL's ring structures of Trp89, His258 and Tyr21; and Trp88 for RML. Results of this study highlight that cutinases can provide important advantages relative to lipases for enantioselective transformation, most notably with bulky and sterically hindered substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An Su
- New York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Serpil Kiokekli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Mariam Naviwala
- The Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Abhijit N Shirke
- New York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Ioannis V Pavlidis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Richard A Gross
- New York State Center for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pazol J, Vázquez A, Nicolau E. Characterization of non-covalent immobilized Candida antartica lipase b over PS-b-P4VP as a model bio-reactive porous interface. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110418. [PMID: 31404792 PMCID: PMC6815258 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The design of interfaces that selectively react with molecules to transform them into compounds of industrial interest is an emerging area of research. An example of such reactions is the hydrolytic conversion of ester-based molecules to lipids and alcohols, which is of interest to the food, and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a functional bio-interfaced layer was designed to hydrolyze 4-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) and Ricinus Communis (castor) oil rich in triglycerides using lipase b from Candida antarctica (CALB, EC 3.1.1.3). The attachment of CALB was performed via non-covalent immobilization over a polymer film of vertically aligned cylinders that resulted from the self-assembly of the di-block copolymer polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (PS-b-P4VP). This polymer-lipase model will serve as the groundwork for the design of further bioactive layers for separation applications requiring similar hydrolytic processes. Results from the fabricated functional bio-interfaced material include cylinders with featured pore size of 19 nm, d spacing of 34 nm, and ca. 40 nm of thickness. The polymer-enzyme layers were physically characterized using AFM, XPS, and FTIR. The immobilized enzyme was able to retain 91% of the initial enzymatic activity when using 4-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) and 78% when exposed to triglycerides from castor oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Pazol
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, 17 Ave. Universidad Ste. 1701, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00925-2537, USA; Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce De Leon Ave, Suite 2, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00931-3346, USA.
| | - Adriana Vázquez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, 17 Ave. Universidad Ste. 1701, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00925-2537, USA.
| | - Eduardo Nicolau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, 17 Ave. Universidad Ste. 1701, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00925-2537, USA; Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce De Leon Ave, Suite 2, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00931-3346, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
High-level expression of Humicola insolens cutinase in Pichia pastoris without carbon starvation and its use in cotton fabric bioscouring. J Biotechnol 2019; 304:10-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
24
|
Green CA, Kamble NS, Court EK, Bryant OJ, Hicks MG, Lennon C, Fraser GM, Wright PC, Stafford GP. Engineering the flagellar type III secretion system: improving capacity for secretion of recombinant protein. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:10. [PMID: 30657054 PMCID: PMC6337784 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many valuable biopharmaceutical and biotechnological proteins have been produced in Escherichia coli, however these proteins are almost exclusively localised in the cytoplasm or periplasm. This presents challenges for purification, i.e. the removal of contaminating cellular constituents. One solution is secretion directly into the surrounding media, which we achieved via the 'hijack' of the flagellar type III secretion system (FT3SS). Ordinarily flagellar subunits are exported through the centre of the growing flagellum, before assembly at the tip. However, we exploit the fact that in the absence of certain flagellar components (e.g. cap proteins), monomeric flagellar proteins are secreted into the supernatant. RESULTS We report the creation and iterative improvement of an E. coli strain, by means of a modified FT3SS and a modular plasmid system, for secretion of exemplar proteins. We show that removal of the flagellin and HAP proteins (FliC and FlgKL) resulted in an optimal prototype. We next developed a high-throughput enzymatic secretion assay based on cutinase. This indicated that removal of the flagellar motor proteins, motAB (to reduce metabolic burden) and protein degradation machinery, clpX (to boost FT3SS levels intracellularly), result in high capacity secretion. We also show that a secretion construct comprising the 5'UTR and first 47 amino acidsof FliC from E. coli (but no 3'UTR) achieved the highest levels of secretion. Upon combination, we show a 24-fold improvement in secretion of a heterologous (cutinase) enzyme over the original strain. This improved strain could export a range of pharmaceutically relevant heterologous proteins [hGH, TrxA, ScFv (CH2)], achieving secreted yields of up to 0.29 mg L-1, in low cell density culture. CONCLUSIONS We have engineered an E. coli which secretes a range of recombinant proteins, through the FT3SS, to the extracellular media. With further developments, including cell culture process strategies, we envision further improvement to the secreted titre of recombinant protein, with the potential application for protein production for biotechnological purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Green
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.,Sustainable Process Technologies, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nitin S Kamble
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Elizabeth K Court
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Owain J Bryant
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Matthew G Hicks
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Christopher Lennon
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham, TS23 1LH, UK
| | - Gillian M Fraser
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Phillip C Wright
- School of Engineering, The Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Graham P Stafford
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu B, Wei N. Biocatalytic Degradation of Parabens Mediated by Cell Surface Displayed Cutinase. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:354-364. [PMID: 30507170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are emerging environmental contaminants with known endocrine-disrupting effects. This study created a novel biocatalyst (named as SDFsC) by expressing the enzyme Fusarium solani pisi cutinase (FsC) on the cell surface of Baker's yeast Sacchromycese cerevisiae and demonstrated successful enzyme-mediated removal of parabens for the first time. Parabens with different side chain structures had different degradation rates by the SDFsC. The SDFsC preferentially degraded the parabens with relatively long alkyl or aromatic side chains. The structure-dependent degradability was in a good agreement with the binding energy between the active site of FsC and different parabens. In real wastewater effluent solution, the SDFsC effectively degraded 800 μg/L of propylparaben, butylparaben, and benzylparaben, either as a single compound or as a mixture, within 48 h. The estrogenic activity of parabens was considerably reduced as the parent parabens were degraded into 4-hydroxybenzoic acid via hydrolysis pathway by the SDFsC. The SDFsC showed superior reusability and maintained 93% of its initial catalytic activity after six rounds of paraben degradation reaction. Results from this study provide scientific basis for developing biocatalysis as a green chemistry alternative for advanced treatment of parabens in sustainable water reclamation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baotong Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , University of Notre Dame , 156 Fitzpatrick Hall , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences , University of Notre Dame , 156 Fitzpatrick Hall , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Cutinases are α/β hydrolases, and their role in nature is the degradation of cutin. Such enzymes are usually produced by phytopathogenic microorganisms in order to penetrate their hosts. The first focused studies on cutinases started around 50 years ago. Since then, numerous cutinases have been isolated and characterized, aiming at the elucidation of their structure–function relations. Our deeper understanding of cutinases determines the applications by which they could be utilized; from food processing and detergents, to ester synthesis and polymerizations. However, cutinases are mainly efficient in the degradation of polyesters, a natural function. Therefore, these enzymes have been successfully applied for the biodegradation of plastics, as well as for the delicate superficial hydrolysis of polymeric materials prior to their functionalization. Even though research on this family of enzymes essentially began five decades ago, they are still involved in many reports; novel enzymes are being discovered, and new fields of applications arise, leading to numerous related publications per year. Perhaps the future of cutinases lies in their evolved descendants, such as polyesterases, and particularly PETases. The present article reviews the biochemical and structural characteristics of cutinases and cutinase-like hydrolases, and their applications in the field of bioremediation and biocatalysis.
Collapse
|
27
|
Hajighasemi M, Tchigvintsev A, Nocek B, Flick R, Popovic A, Hai T, Khusnutdinova AN, Brown G, Xu X, Cui H, Anstett J, Chernikova TN, Brüls T, Le Paslier D, Yakimov MM, Joachimiak A, Golyshina OV, Savchenko A, Golyshin PN, Edwards EA, Yakunin AF. Screening and Characterization of Novel Polyesterases from Environmental Metagenomes with High Hydrolytic Activity against Synthetic Polyesters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:12388-12401. [PMID: 30284819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The continuous growth of global plastics production, including polyesters, has resulted in increasing plastic pollution and subsequent negative environmental impacts. Therefore, enzyme-catalyzed depolymerization of synthetic polyesters as a plastics recycling approach has become a focus of research. In this study, we screened over 200 purified uncharacterized hydrolases from environmental metagenomes and sequenced microbial genomes and identified at least 10 proteins with high hydrolytic activity against synthetic polyesters. These include the metagenomic esterases MGS0156 and GEN0105, which hydrolyzed polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone, as well as bis(benzoyloxyethyl)-terephthalate. With solid PLA as a substrate, both enzymes produced a mixture of lactic acid monomers, dimers, and higher oligomers as products. The crystal structure of MGS0156 was determined at 1.95 Å resolution and revealed a modified α/β hydrolase fold, with a lid domain and highly hydrophobic active site. Mutational studies of MGS0156 identified the residues critical for hydrolytic activity against both polyester and monoester substrates, with two-times higher polyesterase activity in the MGS0156 L169A mutant protein. Thus, our work identified novel, highly active polyesterases in environmental metagenomes and provided molecular insights into their activity, thereby augmenting our understanding of enzymatic polyester hydrolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahbod Hajighasemi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Anatoli Tchigvintsev
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Boguslaw Nocek
- Midwest Center for Structural Genomics and Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Robert Flick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Ana Popovic
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Tran Hai
- School of Biological Sciences , Bangor University , Gwynedd LL57 2UW , U.K
| | - Anna N Khusnutdinova
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Greg Brown
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Hong Cui
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Julia Anstett
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | | | - Thomas Brüls
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Génomique , Université de d'Evry Val d'Essonne (UEVE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8030, Génomique métabolique , Evry , France
| | - Denis Le Paslier
- Université de d'Evry Val d'Essonne (UEVE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) , UMR8030, Génomique métabolique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, Institut de Génomique , Evry , France
| | - Michail M Yakimov
- Institute for Coastal Marine Environment , CNR , 98122 Messina , Italy
| | - Andrzej Joachimiak
- Midwest Center for Structural Genomics and Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Olga V Golyshina
- School of Biological Sciences , Bangor University , Gwynedd LL57 2UW , U.K
| | - Alexei Savchenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Peter N Golyshin
- School of Biological Sciences , Bangor University , Gwynedd LL57 2UW , U.K
| | - Elizabeth A Edwards
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Alexander F Yakunin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Castro AMD, Carniel A, Sirelli L, Dias ML, Menezes SMCD, Chinelatto Junior LS, Honorato HDA. Enzyme-catalyzed simultaneous hydrolysis-glycolysis reactions reveals tunability on PET depolymerization products. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
29
|
Elucidating enzymatic polymerisations: Chain-length selectivity of Candida antarctica lipase B towards various aliphatic diols and dicarboxylic acid diesters. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
30
|
Guidotti G, Soccio M, Lotti N, Gazzano M, Siracusa V, Munari A. Poly(propylene 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylate) vs. Poly(propylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate): Two Examples of High Gas Barrier Bio-Based Polyesters. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E785. [PMID: 30960710 PMCID: PMC6403766 DOI: 10.3390/polym10070785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Both academia and industry are currently devoting many efforts to develop high gas barrier bioplastics as substitutes of traditional fossil-based polymers. In this view, this contribution presents a new biobased aromatic polyester, i.e., poly(propylene 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylate) (PPTF), which has been compared with the furan-based counterpart (PPF). Both biopolyesters have been characterized from the molecular, thermo-mechanical and structural points of view. Gas permeability behavior has been evaluated with respect to 100% oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen at 23 °C. In case of CO₂ gas test, gas transmission rate has been also measured at different temperatures. The permeability behavior at different relative humidity has been investigated for both biopolyesters, the thiophen-containing sample demonstrating to be better than the furan-containing counterpart. PPF's permeability behavior became worse than PPTF's with increasing RH, due to the more polar nature of the furan ring. Both biopolyesters under study are characterized by superior gas barrier performances with respect to PEF and PET. With the simple synthetic strategy adopted, the exceptional barrier properties render these new biobased polyesters interesting alternatives in the world of green and sustainable packaging materials. The different polarity and stability of heterocyclic rings was revealed to be an efficient tool to tailor the ability of crystallization, which in turn affects mechanical and barrier performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Massimo Gazzano
- Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity Institute, ISOF-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Valentina Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Andrea Munari
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Todea A, Aparaschivei D, Badea V, Boeriu CG, Peter F. Biocatalytic Route for the Synthesis of Oligoesters of Hydroxy-Fatty acids and ϵ-Caprolactone. Biotechnol J 2018. [PMID: 29542861 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Developments of past years placed the bio-based polyesters as competitive substitutes for fossil-based polymers. Moreover, enzymatic polymerization using lipase catalysts has become an important green alternative to chemical polymerization for the synthesis of polyesters with biomedical applications, as several drawbacks related to the presence of traces of metal catalysts, toxicity and higher temperatures could be avoided. Copolymerization of ϵ-caprolactone (CL) with four hydroxy-fatty acids (HFA) from renewable sources, 10-hydroxystearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, ricinoleic acid, and 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, was carried out using commercially available immobilized lipases from Candida antarctica B, Thermomyces lanuginosus, and Pseudomonas stutzeri, as well as a native lipase. MALDI-TOF-MS and 2D-NMR analysis confirmed the formation of linear/branched and cyclic oligomers with average molecular weight around 1200 and polymerization degree up to 15. The appropriate selection of the biocatalyst and reaction temperature allowed the tailoring of the non-cyclic/cyclic copolymer ratio and increase of the total copolymer content in the reaction product above 80%. The catalytic efficiency of the best performing biocatalyst (Lipozyme TL) is evaluated during four reaction cycles, showing excellent operational stability. The thermal stability of the reaction products is assessed based on TG and DSC analysis. This new synthetic route for biobased oligomers with novel functionalities and properties could have promising biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Todea
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University Politehnica Timişoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Diana Aparaschivei
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University Politehnica Timişoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Valentin Badea
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University Politehnica Timişoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Carmen G Boeriu
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francisc Peter
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, University Politehnica Timişoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timişoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Poly(butylene 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylate): An Added Value to the Class of High Gas Barrier Biopolyesters. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020167. [PMID: 30966203 PMCID: PMC6414998 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many efforts are currently devoted to the design and development of high performance bioplastics to replace traditional fossil-based polymers. In response, this contribution presents a new biobased aromatic polyester, i.e., poly(butylene 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylate) (PBTF). Here, PBTF is characterized from the molecular, thermo-mechanical and structural point of view. Gas permeability is evaluated at different temperatures, in the range below and above glass transition, providing a full insight into the performances of this material under different operating conditions, and demonstrating the superior gas barrier behavior of PBTF with respect to other polyesters, such as PEF and PET. The combination of calorimetric and diffractometric studies allows for a deep understanding of the structure of PBTF, revealing the presence of a not-induced 2D-ordered phase (meso-phase), responsible for its outstanding gas permeability behavior. The simple synthetic strategy adopted, the exceptional barrier properties, combined with the interesting mechanical characteristics of PBTF open up new scenarios in the world of green and sustainable packaging materials.
Collapse
|
33
|
Shirke AN, White C, Englaender JA, Zwarycz A, Butterfoss GL, Linhardt RJ, Gross RA. Stabilizing Leaf and Branch Compost Cutinase (LCC) with Glycosylation: Mechanism and Effect on PET Hydrolysis. Biochemistry 2018; 57:1190-1200. [PMID: 29328676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cutinases are polyester hydrolases that show a remarkable capability to hydrolyze polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to its monomeric units. This revelation has stimulated research aimed at developing sustainable and green cutinase-catalyzed PET recycling methods. Leaf and branch compost cutinase (LCC) is particularly suited toward these ends given its relatively high PET hydrolysis activity and thermostability. Any practical enzymatic PET recycling application will require that the protein have kinetic stability at or above the PET glass transition temperature (Tg, i.e., 70 °C). This paper elucidates the thermodynamics and kinetics of LCC conformational and colloidal stability. Aggregation emerged as a major contributor that reduces LCC kinetic stability. In its native state, LCC is prone to aggregation owing to electrostatic interactions. Further, with increasing temperature, perturbation of LCC's tertiary structure and corresponding exposure of hydrophobic domains leads to rapid aggregation. Glycosylation was employed in an attempt to impede LCC aggregation. Owing to the presence of three putative N-glycosylation sites, expression of native LCC in Pichia pastoris resulted in the production of glycosylated LCC (LCC-G). LCC-G showed improved stability to native state aggregation while increasing the temperature for thermal induced aggregation by 10 °C. Furthermore, stabilization against thermal aggregation resulted in improved catalytic PET hydrolysis both at its optimum temperature and concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit N Shirke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemiscal Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Christine White
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Jacob A Englaender
- Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Allison Zwarycz
- Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Glenn L Butterfoss
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemiscal Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Richard A Gross
- Department of Chemistry and Chemiscal Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Structural insight into catalytic mechanism of PET hydrolase. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2106. [PMID: 29235460 PMCID: PMC5727383 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PET hydrolase (PETase), which hydrolyzes polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into soluble building blocks, provides an attractive avenue for the bioconversion of plastics. Here we present the structures of a novel PETase from the PET-consuming microbe Ideonella sakaiensis in complex with substrate and product analogs. Through structural analyses, mutagenesis, and activity measurements, a substrate-binding mode is proposed, and several features critical for catalysis are elucidated. Poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) is a widely used plastic which accumulates in the environment with detrimental consequences. Here the authors report crystal structures of a PET-hydrolyzing enzyme from the microbe Ideonella sakaiensis bound to substrate and product analogs, and suggest a catalytic mechanism for its PET-degrading activity.
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Pellis A, Vastano M, Quartinello F, Herrero Acero E, Guebitz GM. His-Tag Immobilization of Cutinase 1 From Thermobifida cellulosilytica for Solvent-Free Synthesis of Polyesters. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28731627 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
For many years, lipase B from Candida antarctica (CaLB) was the primary biocatalyst used for enzymatic esterification and polycondensation reactions. More recently, the need for novel biocatalysts with different selectivity has arisen in the biotechnology and biocatalysis fields. The present work describes how the catalytic potential of Thermobifida cellulosilytica cutinase 1 (Thc_Cut1) was exploited for polyester synthesis. In a first step, Thc_Cut1 was immobilized on three different carriers, namely Opal, Coral, and Amber, using a novel non-toxic His-tag method based on chelated Fe(III) ions (>99% protein bounded). In a second step, the biocatalyzed synthesis of an array of aliphatic polyesters was conducted. A selectivity chain study in a solvent-free reaction environment showed how, in contrast to CaLB, Thc_Cut1 presents a certain preference for C6 -C4 ester-diol combinations reaching monomer conversions up to 78% and Mw of 878 g mol-1 when the Amber immobilized Thc_Cut1 was used. The synthetic potential of this cutinase was also tested in organic solvents, showing a marked activity decrease in polar media like that observed for CaLB. Finally, recyclability studies were performed, which showed an excellent stability of the immobilized Thc_Cut1 (retained activity >94%) over 24 h reaction cycles when a solvent-free workup was used. Concerning a practical application of the biocatalyst's preparation, the production of oligomers with Mn values below 10 kDa is usually desired for the production of nanoparticles and for the synthesis of functional pre-polymers for coating applications that can be crosslinked in a second reaction step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pellis
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Marco Vastano
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Felice Quartinello
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Enrique Herrero Acero
- Division Enzymes & Polymers, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology GmbH (ACIB), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Georg M Guebitz
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.,Division Enzymes & Polymers, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology GmbH (ACIB), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gebhard J, Neuer B, Luinstra GA, Liese A. Enzyme- and Metal-Catalyzed Synthesis of a New Biobased Polyester. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Gebhard
- Institute
for Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickekestraße 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Neuer
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit A. Luinstra
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute
for Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickekestraße 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
de Castro AM, Carniel A, Nicomedes Junior J, da Conceição Gomes A, Valoni É. Screening of commercial enzymes for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) hydrolysis and synergy studies on different substrate sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:835-844. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is one of the most consumed plastics in the world. The development of efficient technologies for its depolymerization for monomers reuse is highly encouraged, since current recycling rates are still very low. In this study, 16 commercial lipases and cutinases were evaluated for their abilities to catalyze the hydrolysis of two PET samples. Humicola insolens cutinase showed the best performance and was then used in reactions on other PET sources, solely or in combination with the efficient mono(hydroxyethyl terephthalate)-converting lipase from Candida antarctica. Synergy degrees of the final titers of up to 2.2 (i.e., more than double of the concentration when both enzymes were used, as compared to their use alone) were found, with increased terephthalic acid formation rates, reaching a maximum of 59,989 µmol/L (9.36 g/L). These findings open up new possibilities for the conversion of post-consumer PET packages into their minimal monomers, which can be used as drop in at existing industrial facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Machado de Castro
- 0000 0001 2192 4294 grid.423526.4 Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center PETROBRAS Av. Horácio Macedo, 950. Ilha do Fundão 21941-915 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Adriano Carniel
- Falcão Bauer R. Aquinos111. Água Branca 05036-070 São Paulo Brazil
| | - José Nicomedes Junior
- 0000 0001 2192 4294 grid.423526.4 Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center PETROBRAS Av. Horácio Macedo, 950. Ilha do Fundão 21941-915 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Absai da Conceição Gomes
- 0000 0001 2192 4294 grid.423526.4 Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center PETROBRAS Av. Horácio Macedo, 950. Ilha do Fundão 21941-915 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Érika Valoni
- 0000 0001 2192 4294 grid.423526.4 Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center PETROBRAS Av. Horácio Macedo, 950. Ilha do Fundão 21941-915 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| |
Collapse
|