1
|
Yu S, Liu D, Yan C, Yuan C, Zhang C, Zheng S. A novel mutation in GPR68 causes hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:105991. [PMID: 38761453 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the genetic cause of a Chinese family with hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and to characterize the structure of GPR68 mutated enamel in order to develop a deeper understanding of the role of the GPR68 protein during the intricate process of amelogenesis. DESIGN One Chinese family with generalized hypomaturation AI was recruited. Two of the third molars from the proband were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed, and the identified mutation was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics studies were further conducted to analyze the potential deleterious effects of the mutation. RESULTS The proband presented with a hypomaturation AI phenotype, characterized by fragile and discolored enamel surface. The AI enamel showed prismatic structure, which was sporadically obscured by areas of amorphous material and porous structure. EDX analysis showed the proband's enamel demonstrated a significant decrease in calcium and phosphorus content and a significant increase in oxygen compared with normal enamel. A novel homozygous mutation of G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68) (c .149 T > A, p.Ile50Asn) was identified in the proband. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the mutation site displayed a high level of evolutionary conservation among species, and the mutation might impact the stability and conformation of the protein. CONCLUSION The novel homozygous GPR68 mutation resulted in hypomaturation AI. We first described the effect of GPR68 mutation on enamel structure. Our results provide new genetic evidence that mutations involved in GPR68 contribute to hypomaturation AI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunlan Yu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Changqing Yan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chenying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hernandez-Olmos V, Heering J, Marinescu B, Schermeng T, Ivanov VV, Moroz YS, Nevermann S, Mathes M, Ehrler JHM, Alnouri MW, Wolf M, Haydo AS, Schmachtel T, Zaliani A, Höfner G, Kaiser A, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Beck-Sickinger AG, Offermanns S, Gribbon P, Rieger MA, Merk D, Sisignano M, Steinhilber D, Proschak E. Development of a Potent and Selective G2A (GPR132) Agonist. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38917049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor G2A was postulated to be a promising target for the development of new therapeutics in neuropathic pain, acute myeloid leukemia, and inflammation. However, there is still a lack of potent, selective, and drug-like G2A agonists to be used as a chemical tool or as the starting matter for the development of drugs. In this work, we present the discovery and structure-activity relationship elucidation of a new potent and selective G2A agonist scaffold. Systematic optimization resulted in (3-(pyridin-3-ylmethoxy)benzoyl)-d-phenylalanine (T-10418) exhibiting higher potency than the reference and natural ligand 9-HODE and high selectivity among G protein-coupled receptors. With its favorable activity, a clean selectivity profile, excellent solubility, and high metabolic stability, T-10418 qualifies as a pharmacological tool to investigate the effects of G2A activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hernandez-Olmos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan Heering
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Beatrice Marinescu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tina Schermeng
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Yurii S Moroz
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Chemspace LLC, 85 Chervonotkatska Street, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Sheila Nevermann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marius Mathes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Johanna H M Ehrler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mohamad Wessam Alnouri
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Markus Wolf
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alicia S Haydo
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tessa Schmachtel
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andrea Zaliani
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Astrid Kaiser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manfred Schubert-Zsilavecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Annette G Beck-Sickinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Philipp Gribbon
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael A Rieger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Discovery Research ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Institute (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Sisignano
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Street 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li R, Xiao X, Yan Y, Yu L, Lv C, Zhang Y, Hong T, Zhang H, Wang Y. GPRASP1 loss-of-function links to arteriovenous malformations by endothelial activating GPR4 signals. Brain 2024; 147:1571-1586. [PMID: 37787182 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are fast-flow vascular malformations and refer to important causes of intracerebral haemorrhage in young adults. Getting deep insight into the genetic pathogenesis of AVMs is necessary. Herein, we identified two vital missense variants of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated sorting protein 1 (GPRASP1) in AVM patients for the first time and congruously determined to be loss-of-function variants in endothelial cells. GPRASP1 loss-of-function caused endothelial dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. Endothelial Gprasp1 knockout mice suffered a high probability of cerebral haemorrhage, AVMs and exhibited vascular anomalies in multiple organs. GPR4 was identified to be an effective GPCR binding with GPRASP1 to develop endothelial disorders. GPRASP1 deletion activated GPR4/cAMP/MAPK signalling to disturb endothelial functions, thus contributing to vascular anomalies. Mechanistically, GPRASP1 promoted GPR4 degradation. GPRASP1 enabled GPR4 K63-linked ubiquitination, enhancing the binding of GPR4 and RABGEF1 to activate RAB5 for conversions from endocytic vesicles to endosomes, and subsequently increasing the interactions of GPR4 and ESCRT members to package GPR4 into multivesicular bodies or late endosomes for lysosome degradation. Notably, the GPR4 antagonist NE 52-QQ57 and JNK inhibitor SP600125 effectively rescued the vascular phenotype caused by endothelial Gprasp1 deletion. Our findings provided novel insights into the roles of GPRASP1 in AVMs and hinted at new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yupeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Liang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan C, Yang Z, Chen P, Yeh Y, Sun C, Xie T, Huang W, Zhang X. GPR65 sensing tumor-derived lactate induces HMGB1 release from TAM via the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway to promote glioma progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:105. [PMID: 38576043 PMCID: PMC10993467 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactate has emerged as a critical regulator within the tumor microenvironment, including glioma. However, the precise mechanisms underlying how lactate influences the communication between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the most abundant immune cells in glioma, remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the impact of tumor-derived lactate on TAMs and investigate the regulatory pathways governing TAM-mediated tumor-promotion in glioma. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was conducted using datasets from TCGA and CGGA. Single-cell RNA-seq datasets were analyzed by using UCSC Cell Browser and Single Cell Portal. Cell proliferation and mobility were evaluated through CCK8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were applied to assess protein expression and cell distribution. RT-PCR and ELISA were employed to identify the potential secretory factors. Mechanistic pathways were explored by western blotting, ELISA, shRNA knockdown, and specific inhibitors and activators. The effects of pathway blockades were further assessed using subcutaneous and intracranial xenograft tumor models in vivo. RESULTS Elevated expressions of LDHA and MCT1 were observed in glioma and exhibited a positive correlation with M2-type TAM infiltration. Lactate derived from glioma cells induced TAMs towards M2-subtype polarization, subsequently promoting glioma cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and mesenchymal transition. GPR65, highly expressed on TAMs, sensed lactate-stimulation in the TME, fueling glioma cells malignant progression through the secretion of HMGB1. GPR65 on TAMs triggered HMGB1 release in response to lactate stimulation via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. Disrupting this feedback loop by GPR65-knockdown or HMGB1 inhibition mitigated glioma progression in vivo. CONCLUSION These findings unveil the intricate interplay between TAMs and tumor cells mediated by lactate and HMGB1, driving tumor progression in glioma. GPR65, selectively highly expressed on TAMs in glioma, sensed lactate stimulation and fostered HMGB1 secretion via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. Blocking this feedback loop presents a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaolong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijiang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyang Yeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongjing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaobiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Becker HM, Seidler UE. Bicarbonate secretion and acid/base sensing by the intestine. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:593-610. [PMID: 38374228 PMCID: PMC11006743 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The transport of bicarbonate across the enterocyte cell membrane regulates the intracellular as well as the luminal pH and is an essential part of directional fluid movement in the gut. Since the first description of "active" transport of HCO3- ions against a concentration gradient in the 1970s, the fundamental role of HCO3- transport for multiple intestinal functions has been recognized. The ion transport proteins have been identified and molecularly characterized, and knockout mouse models have given insight into their individual role in a variety of functions. This review describes the progress made in the last decade regarding novel techniques and new findings in the molecular regulation of intestinal HCO3- transport in the different segments of the gut. We discuss human diseases with defects in intestinal HCO3- secretion and potential treatment strategies to increase luminal alkalinity. In the last part of the review, the cellular and organismal mechanisms for acid/base sensing in the intestinal tract are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger M Becker
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ursula E Seidler
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stock C. pH-regulated single cell migration. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:639-658. [PMID: 38214759 PMCID: PMC11006768 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, extra- and intracellular pH have emerged as fundamental regulators of cell motility. Fundamental physiological and pathological processes relying on appropriate cell migration, such as embryonic development, wound healing, and a proper immune defense on the one hand, and autoimmune diseases, metastatic cancer, and the progression of certain parasitic diseases on the other, depend on surrounding pH. In addition, migrating single cells create their own localized pH nanodomains at their surface and in the cytosol. By this means, the migrating cells locally modulate their adhesion to, and the re-arrangement and digestion of, the extracellular matrix. At the same time, the cytosolic nanodomains tune cytoskeletal dynamics along the direction of movement resulting in concerted lamellipodia protrusion and rear end retraction. Extracellular pH gradients as found in wounds, inflamed tissues, or the periphery of tumors stimulate directed cell migration, and long-term exposure to acidic conditions can engender a more migratory and invasive phenotype persisting for hours up to several generations of cells after they have left the acidic milieu. In the present review, the different variants of pH-dependent single cell migration are described. The underlying pH-dependent molecular mechanisms such as conformational changes of adhesion molecules, matrix protease activity, actin (de-)polymerization, and signaling events are explained, and molecular pH sensors stimulated by H+ signaling are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stock
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectiology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Glitsch MD. Recent advances in acid sensing by G protein coupled receptors. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:445-455. [PMID: 38340167 PMCID: PMC11006784 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Changes in extracellular proton concentrations occur in a variety of tissues over a range of timescales under physiological conditions and also accompany virtually all pathologies, notably cancers, stroke, inflammation and trauma. Proton-activated, G protein coupled receptors are already partially active at physiological extracellular proton concentrations and their activity increases with rising proton concentrations. Their ability to monitor and report changes in extracellular proton concentrations and hence extracellular pH appears to be involved in a variety of processes, and it is likely to mirror and in some cases promote disease progression. Unsurprisingly, therefore, these pH-sensing receptors (pHR) receive increasing attention from researchers working in an expanding range of research areas, from cellular neurophysiology to systemic inflammatory processes. This review is looking at progress made in the field of pHRs over the past few years and also highlights outstanding issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maike D Glitsch
- Medical School Hamburg, Am Sandtorkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Caratis F, Opiełka M, Hausmann M, Velasco-Estevez M, Rojek B, de Vallière C, Seuwen K, Rogler G, Karaszewski B, Rutkowska A. The proton-sensing receptors TDAG8 and GPR4 are differentially expressed in human and mouse oligodendrocytes: Exploring their role in neuroinflammation and multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0283060. [PMID: 38527054 PMCID: PMC10962805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Acidosis is one of the hallmarks of demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS). The response to acidic pH is primarily mediated by a family of G protein-coupled proton-sensing receptors: OGR1, GPR4 and TDAG8. These receptors are inactive at alkaline pH, reaching maximal activation at acidic pH. Genome-wide association studies have identified a locus within the TDAG8 gene associated with several autoimmune diseases, including MS. Accordingly, we here found that expression of TDAG8, as opposed to GPR4 or OGR1, is upregulated in MS plaques. This led us to investigate the expression of TDAG8 in oligodendrocytes using mouse and human in vitro and in vivo models. We observed significant upregulation of TDAG8 in human MO3.13 oligodendrocytes during maturation and in response to acidic conditions. However, its deficiency did not impact normal myelination in the mouse CNS, and its expression remained unaltered under demyelinating conditions in mouse organotypic cerebellar slices. Notably, our data revealed no expression of TDAG8 in primary mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), in contrast to its expression in primary human OPCs. Our investigations have revealed substantial species differences in the expression of proton-sensing receptors in oligodendrocytes, highlighting the limitations of the employed experimental models in fully elucidating the role of TDAG8 in myelination and oligodendrocyte biology. Consequently, the study does not furnish robust evidence for the role of TDAG8 in such processes. Nonetheless, our findings tentatively point towards a potential association between TDAG8 and myelination processes in humans, hinting at a potential link between TDAG8 and the pathophysiology of MS and warrants further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fionä Caratis
- Brain Diseases Centre, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Opiełka
- Brain Diseases Centre, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Martin Hausmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Velasco-Estevez
- H12O-CNIO Hematological Malignancies Group, Clinical Research Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bartłomiej Rojek
- Department of Adult Neurology, Medical University of Gdansk & University Clinical Centre, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Cheryl de Vallière
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Seuwen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bartosz Karaszewski
- Brain Diseases Centre, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Adult Neurology, Medical University of Gdansk & University Clinical Centre, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Rutkowska
- Brain Diseases Centre, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ji R, Chang L, An C, Zhang J. Proton-sensing ion channels, GPCRs and calcium signaling regulated by them: implications for cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1326231. [PMID: 38505262 PMCID: PMC10949864 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1326231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular acidification of tumors is common. Through proton-sensing ion channels or proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), tumor cells sense extracellular acidification to stimulate a variety of intracellular signaling pathways including the calcium signaling, which consequently exerts global impacts on tumor cells. Proton-sensing ion channels, and proton-sensing GPCRs have natural advantages as drug targets of anticancer therapy. However, they and the calcium signaling regulated by them attracted limited attention as potential targets of anticancer drugs. In the present review, we discuss the progress in studies on proton-sensing ion channels, and proton-sensing GPCRs, especially emphasizing the effects of calcium signaling activated by them on the characteristics of tumors, including proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, angiogenesis. In addition, we review the drugs targeting proton-sensing channels or GPCRs that are currently in clinical trials, as well as the relevant potential drugs for cancer treatments, and discuss their future prospects. The present review aims to elucidate the important role of proton-sensing ion channels, GPCRs and calcium signaling regulated by them in cancer initiation and development. This review will promote the development of drugs targeting proton-sensing channels or GPCRs for cancer treatments, effectively taking their unique advantage as anti-cancer drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renhui Ji
- Foundational and Translational Medical Research Center, Department of Allergy and General Surgery, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medicine College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Li Chang
- Foundational and Translational Medical Research Center, Department of Allergy and General Surgery, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medicine College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Caiyan An
- Foundational and Translational Medical Research Center, Department of Allergy and General Surgery, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Junjing Zhang
- Foundational and Translational Medical Research Center, Department of Allergy and General Surgery, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gonye EC, Dagli AV, Kumar NN, Clements RT, Xu W, Bayliss DA. Expression of endogenous epitope-tagged GPR4 in the mouse brain. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0002-24.2024. [PMID: 38408869 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0002-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
GPR4 is a proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor implicated in many peripheral and central physiological processes. GPR4 expression has previously been assessed only via detection of the cognate transcript or indirectly, by use of fluorescent reporters. In this work, CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in technology was used to encode a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag within the endogenous locus of Gpr4 and visualize GPR4-HA in the mouse central nervous system using a specific, well characterized HA antibody; GPR4 expression was further verified by complementary Gpr4 mRNA detection. HA immunoreactivity was found in a limited set of brain regions, including in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), serotonergic raphe nuclei, medial habenula, lateral septum, and several thalamic nuclei. GPR4 expression was not restricted to cells of a specific neurochemical identity as it was observed in excitatory, inhibitory, and aminergic neuronal cell groups. HA immunoreactivity was not detected in brain vascular endothelium, despite clear expression of Gpr4 mRNA in endothelial cells. In the RTN, GPR4 expression was detected at the soma and in proximal dendrites along blood vessels and the ventral surface of the brainstem; HA immunoreactivity was not detected in RTN projections to two known target regions. This localization of GPR4 protein in mouse brain neurons corroborates putative sites of expression where its function has been previously implicated (e.g., CO2-regulated breathing by RTN), and provides a guide for where GPR4 could contribute to other CO2/H+ modulated brain functions. Finally, GPR4-HA animals provide a useful reagent for further study of GPR4 in other physiological processes outside of the brain.Significance Statement GPR4 is a proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptor whose expression is necessary for a number of diverse physiological processes including acid-base sensing in the kidney, immune function, and cancer progression. In the brain, GPR4 has been implicated in the hypercapnic ventilatory response mediated by brainstem neurons. While knockout studies in animals have clearly demonstrated its necessity for normal physiology, descriptions of GPR4 expression have been limited due to a lack of specific antibodies for use in mouse models. In this paper, we implemented a CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in approach to incorporate the coding sequence for a small epitope tag into the locus of GPR4. Using these mice, we were able to describe GPR4 protein expression directly for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Gonye
- University of Virginia, Department of Pharmacology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alexandra V Dagli
- University of Virginia, Department of Pharmacology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Natasha N Kumar
- University of New South Wales Sydney, School of Biomedical Sciences, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachel T Clements
- University of Virginia, Department of Pharmacology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Wenhao Xu
- University of Virginia, Genetically Engineered Mouse Model Core, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Douglas A Bayliss
- University of Virginia, Department of Pharmacology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu J, Chen J, Wang J, Hua H, Jiang Y. cAMP-PKA/EPAC signaling and cancer: the interplay in tumor microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:5. [PMID: 38233872 PMCID: PMC10792844 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease resulting from abnormal cell growth that is induced by a number of genetic and environmental factors. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which involves extracellular matrix, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), tumor-infiltrating immune cells and angiogenesis, plays a critical role in tumor progression. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger that has pleiotropic effects on the TME. The downstream effectors of cAMP include cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) and ion channels. While cAMP can activate PKA or EPAC and promote cancer cell growth, it can also inhibit cell proliferation and survival in context- and cancer type-dependent manner. Tumor-associated stromal cells, such as CAF and immune cells, can release cytokines and growth factors that either stimulate or inhibit cAMP production within the TME. Recent studies have shown that targeting cAMP signaling in the TME has therapeutic benefits in cancer. Small-molecule agents that inhibit adenylate cyclase and PKA have been shown to inhibit tumor growth. In addition, cAMP-elevating agents, such as forskolin, can not only induce cancer cell death, but also directly inhibit cell proliferation in some cancer types. In this review, we summarize current understanding of cAMP signaling in cancer biology and immunology and discuss the basis for its context-dependent dual role in oncogenesis. Understanding the precise mechanisms by which cAMP and the TME interact in cancer will be critical for the development of effective therapies. Future studies aimed at investigating the cAMP-cancer axis and its regulation in the TME may provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Zhang
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongliang Liu
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinzhu Chen
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- Cancer Center, Laboratory of Oncogene, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang K, Zhang MX, Meng XX, Zhu J, Wang JJ, He YF, Li YH, Zhao SC, Shi ZM, Zheng LN, Han T, Hong W. Targeting GPR65 alleviates hepatic inflammation and fibrosis by suppressing the JNK and NF-κB pathways. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:56. [PMID: 38001521 PMCID: PMC10675918 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are recognized as attractive targets for drug therapy. However, it remains poorly understood how GPCRs, except for a few chemokine receptors, regulate the progression of liver fibrosis. Here, we aimed to reveal the role of GPR65, a proton-sensing receptor, in liver fibrosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS The expression level of GPR65 was evaluated in both human and mouse fibrotic livers. Furthermore, Gpr65-deficient mice were treated with either bile duct ligation (BDL) for 21 d or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 8 weeks to investigate the role of GPR65 in liver fibrosis. A combination of experimental approaches, including Western blotting, quantitative real-time reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), confocal microscopy and rescue studies, were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of GPR65's action in liver fibrosis. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of GPR65 inhibitor in the development of liver fibrosis was investigated. RESULTS We found that hepatic macrophages (HMs)-enriched GPR65 was upregulated in both human and mouse fibrotic livers. Moreover, knockout of Gpr65 significantly alleviated BDL- and CCl4-induced liver inflammation, injury and fibrosis in vivo, and mouse bone marrow transplantation (BMT) experiments further demonstrated that the protective effect of Gpr65 knockout is primarily mediated by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Additionally, in vitro data demonstrated that Gpr65 silencing and GPR65 antagonist inhibited, while GPR65 overexpression and application of GPR65 endogenous and exogenous agonists enhanced the expression and release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), all of which subsequently promoted the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the damage of hepatocytes (HCs). Mechanistically, GPR65 overexpression, the acidic pH and GPR65 exogenous agonist induced up-regulation of TNF-α and IL-6 via the Gαq-Ca2+-JNK/NF-κB pathways, while promoted the expression of TGF-β through the Gαq-Ca2+-MLK3-MKK7-JNK pathway. Notably, pharmacological GPR65 inhibition retarded the development of inflammation, HCs injury and fibrosis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS GPR65 is a major regulator that modulates the progression of liver fibrosis. Thus, targeting GPR65 could be an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Meng-Xia Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Meng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jia-Jun Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yi-Fan He
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ye-Hua Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Si-Cong Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhe-Min Shi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Li-Na Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Union Medical Center affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang R, Wang C, Zheng X, Li S, Zhang W, Kang Z, Yin S, Chen J, Chen F, Li W. Warburg effect-related risk scoring model to assess clinical significance and immunity characteristics of glioblastoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20639-20654. [PMID: 37864422 PMCID: PMC10660605 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor, has a poor prognosis, with a median survival of only 14.6 months. The Warburg effect is an abnormal energy metabolism, which is the main cause of the acidic tumor microenvironment. This study explored the role of the Warburg effect in the prognosis and immune microenvironment of GBM. METHODS A prognostic risk score model of Warburg effect-related genes (Warburg effect signature) was constructed using GBM cohort data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cox analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Next, the nomogram was built to predict the prognosis for GBM patients. Finally, the drug sensitivity analysis was utilized to find the drugs that specifically target Warburg effect-related genes. RESULTS Age, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and WRGs score were confirmed as independent prognostic factors for GBM by Cox analyses. The C-index (0.633 for the training set and 0.696 for the validation set) and area under curve (>0.7) indicated that the nomogram exhibited excellent performance. The calibration curve also indicates excellent consistency of the nomogram between predictions and actual observations. In addition, immune microenvironment analysis revealed that patients with high WRGs scores had high immunosuppressive scores, a high abundance of immunosuppressive cells, and a low response to immunotherapy. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assays showed that the drugs targeting Warburg effect-related genes could inhibit the GBM cells growth in vitro. CONCLUSION Our research showed that the Warburg effect is connected with the prognosis and immune microenvironment of GBM. Therefore, targeting Warburg effect-related genes may provide novel therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shenglan Li
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Weichunbai Zhang
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhuang Kang
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shuo Yin
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinyi Chen
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Neuro‐Oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Takano K, Kasamatsu S, Aoki M, Takahashi Y. Carbon dioxide-induced decrease in extracellular pH enhances the production of extracellular matrix components by upregulating TGF-β1 expression via CREB activation in human dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1651-1662. [PMID: 37377319 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mild acidification caused by transcutaneous administration of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) has been reported to improve some epidermal skin impairments, such as desquamation and inflammation; however, its effects on dermal tissue remain unclear. Here, we examined the effect and mechanism of mild acidity on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). To achieve this, the skin permeability of CO2 and its effect on intradermal pH were evaluated by treating reconstructed human skin equivalents (HSEs) with a CO2 -containing formulation. Additionally, NHDFs were cultured in a pH-adjusted medium (pH 6.5). CO2 successfully permeated HSEs and reduced the intradermal pH. Decreased extracellular pH activated CREB, upregulated TGF-β1 expression, promoted the production of elastic and collagen fibres, and increased hyaluronan concentration in NHDFs. Additionally, the low pH-induced increase in TGF-β1 expression was attenuated via the RNAi-mediated suppression of the expression of CREB1 and proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including GPR4 and GPR65. Moreover, low pH-induced CREB activation was suppressed by the inhibition of the cAMP/PKA and PLC/PKC signalling pathways. Taken together, a CO2 -induced decrease in intradermal pH may promote ECM production in NHDFs via the upregulation of TGF-β1 expression, which was mediated by the activation of the GPCR signalling pathway and CREB, indicating that CO2 could be used to treat ultraviolet radiation-induced photoaging, intrinsic ageing and ECM deterioration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Takano
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara, Japan
| | | | - Mika Aoki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mao J, Feng Y, Zheng Y, Gao Y, Zhang L, Sun X, Wu Y, Zhu X, Ma F. GPR65 inhibits human trophoblast cell adhesion through upregulation of MYLK and downregulation of fibronectin via cAMP-ERK signaling in a low pH environment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:238. [PMID: 37723567 PMCID: PMC10506227 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) are essential cells during the formation of the placenta, with the major function of invading the maternal decidua, anchoring the developing placenta to the uterus, remodeling uterine arteries, and regulating immune responses to prevent rejection. During early pregnancy, the decidua undergoes a hypoxic and acidic microenvironment, which has been shown to participate in tumor cell migration, invasion, growth, and angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which EVTs sense and respond to the acidic microenvironment, thereby executing their functions, remain poorly understood. METHODS The effects of G protein-coupled receptor 65 (GPR65) on cell adhesion and other cellular functions were tested using JAR spheroids, mouse blastocysts, and HTR-8/SVneo cells. Specifically, we employed HTR-8/SVneo cells for gene overexpression and silencing to investigate the underlying mechanism of GPR65's impact on trophoblast cell function under acidic conditions. Additionally, villus tissue samples obtained from early pregnancy loss patients were utilized to explore the potential association between GPR65 and its related signaling pathway molecules with the disease. RESULTS This study identified GPR65 expression widely in trophoblasts, with the highest level in EVTs. Importantly, optimal GPR65 levels are required for maintaining normal adhesion, migration, and invasion, whereas overexpression of GPR65 inhibits these functions by activating the cAMP-ERK signaling pathway, upregulating myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and MYLK3 expression, and subsequently downregulating fibronectin. Consistently, elevated expression of GPR65, MYLK, and MYLK3 is observed in patients suffering from early pregnancy loss. CONCLUSIONS This work offers insights into the suppressive effects of GPR65 on EVT function under acidic conditions and highlights a putative target for therapeutic intervention in early pregnancy complications. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Neurobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yayun Zheng
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Neurobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaqiu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Linyu Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinrui Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yilun Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Z, Chen M, Zhan W, Chen Y, Wang T, Chen Z, Fu Y, Zhao G, Mao D, Ruan J, Yuan FL. Acid-sensing ion channel 1a modulation of apoptosis in acidosis-related diseases: implications for therapeutic intervention. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:330. [PMID: 37666823 PMCID: PMC10477349 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a), a prominent member of the acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) superfamily activated by extracellular protons, is ubiquitously expressed throughout the human body, including the nervous system and peripheral tissues. Excessive accumulation of Ca2+ ions via ASIC1a activation may occur in the acidified microenvironment of blood or local tissues. ASIC1a-mediated Ca2+‑induced apoptosis has been implicated in numerous pathologies, including neurological disorders, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis. This review summarizes the role of ASIC1a in the modulation of apoptosis via various signaling pathways across different disease states to provide insights for future studies on the underlying mechanisms and development of therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Minnan Chen
- Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wenjing Zhan
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuechun Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Yifei Fu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | - Dong Mao
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, 214062, China.
| | - Jingjing Ruan
- Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng-Lai Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dwivedi NV, Datta S, El-Kersh K, Sadikot RT, Ganti AK, Batra SK, Jain M. GPCRs and fibroblast heterogeneity in fibroblast-associated diseases. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23101. [PMID: 37486603 PMCID: PMC10916681 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most diverse class of signaling receptors. GPCRs regulate many functions in the human body and have earned the title of "most targeted receptors". About one-third of the commercially available drugs for various diseases target the GPCRs. Fibroblasts lay the architectural skeleton of the body, and play a key role in supporting the growth, maintenance, and repair of almost all tissues by responding to the cellular cues via diverse and intricate GPCR signaling pathways. This review discusses the dynamic architecture of the GPCRs and their intertwined signaling in pathological conditions such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, pancreatic fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, and cancer as opposed to the GPCR signaling of fibroblasts in physiological conditions. Understanding the dynamics of GPCR signaling in fibroblasts with disease progression can help in the recognition of the complex interplay of different GPCR subtypes in fibroblast-mediated diseases. This review highlights the importance of designing and adaptation of next-generation strategies such as GPCR-omics, focused target identification, polypharmacology, and effective personalized medicine approaches to achieve better therapeutic outcomes for fibrosis and fibrosis associated malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi V Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Souvik Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Karim El-Kersh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System
| | - Apar K. Ganti
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lappano R, Maggiolini M. Role of the G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Cancer and Stromal Cells: From Functions to Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040626. [PMID: 36831293 PMCID: PMC9954232 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are transmembrane signal transducers that regulate a plethora of physiological and pathological processes [...].
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu T, Yu H, Wang S, Li H, Du X, He X. Chondroitin sulfate alleviates osteoporosis caused by calcium deficiency by regulating lipid metabolism. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:6. [PMID: 36747190 PMCID: PMC9901125 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00726-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of non-drug intervention for calcium deficiency has attracted attention in recent years. Although calcium carbonate is the preferred raw material for calcium supplementation, there are few reports on the mechanism of the combined action of chondroitin sulfate and calcium to alleviate osteoporosis from the perspective of gut microbiota and metabolomics. In this study, a rat model of osteoporosis was established by feeding a low-calcium diet. The intestinal microbiota abundance, fecal and plasma metabolite expression levels of rats fed a basal diet, a low-calcium diet, a low-calcium diet plus calcium carbonate, and a low-calcium diet plus chondroitin sulfate were compared. The results showed that compared with the low calcium group, the calcium content and bone mineral density of femur were significantly increased in the calcium carbonate and chondroitin sulfate groups. 16 S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis showed that chondroitin sulfate intervention could reduce short-chain fatty acid synthesis of intestinal flora, slow down inflammatory response, inhibit osteoclast differentiation, promote calcium absorption and antioxidant mechanism, and alleviate osteoporosis in low-calcium feeding rats. Correlation analysis showed that the selected intestinal flora was significantly correlated with metabolites enriched in feces and plasma. This study provides scientific evidence of the potential impact of chondroitin sulfate as a dietary supplement for patients with osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Liu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Hai Yu
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer RNA Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Shuai Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jining, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Huimin Li
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839National Human Genetic Resources Center; National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xinyiran Du
- grid.449428.70000 0004 1797 7280College of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067 Shandong China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stolwijk JA, Wallner S, Heider J, Kurz B, Pütz L, Michaelis S, Goricnik B, Erl J, Frank L, Berneburg M, Haubner F, Wegener J, Schreml S. GPR4 in the pH-dependent migration of melanoma cells in the tumor microenvironment. Exp Dermatol 2022; 32:479-490. [PMID: 36562556 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Due to its high metastatic potential, malignant melanoma is one of the deadliest skin cancers. In melanoma as well as in other cancers, acidification of the tumor microenvironment (=TME, inverse pH-gradient) is a well-known driver of tumor progression and metastasis. Membrane-bound receptors, such as the proton-sensitive GPCR (pH-GPCR) GPR4, are considered as potential initiators of the signalling cascades relevant to malignant transformation. In this study, we investigated the pH-dependent migration of GPR4 wildtype/overexpressing SK-Mel-28 cells using an impedance-based electrical wounding and migration assay and classical Boyden chamber experiments. Migration of GPR4 overexpressing SK-Mel-28 cells was enhanced in a range of pH 6.5-7.5 as compared to controls in the impedance-based electrical wounding and migration assay. In Boyden chamber experiments, GPR4 overexpression only increased migration at pH 7.5 in a Matrigel-free setup, but not at pH 6.5. Results indicate that GPR4 is involved in the migration of melanoma cells, especially in the tumor periphery, and that this process is affected by pH in the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Anthea Stolwijk
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Wallner
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Judith Heider
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernadett Kurz
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Pütz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Michaelis
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Fraunhofer Research Institution for Microsystems and Solid State Technologies EMFT, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Goricnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Erl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Linda Frank
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mark Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank Haubner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Wegener
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Fraunhofer Research Institution for Microsystems and Solid State Technologies EMFT, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Schreml
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Aravagiri K, Ali A, Wang HC, Candido KD, Knezevic NN. Identifying molecular mechanisms of acute to chronic pain transition and potential drug targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:801-810. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2137404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Aravagiri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adam Ali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hank C Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth D Candido
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shahari MSB, Dolzhenko AV. A closer look at N2,6-substituted 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamines: Advances in synthesis and biological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 241:114645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
23
|
Zhang Y, Zhang X, Meng Y, Xu X, Zuo D. The role of glycolysis and lactate in the induction of tumor-associated macrophages immunosuppressive phenotype. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108994. [PMID: 35777265 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence highlights that glycolysis and tumor-derived lactate could skew tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward an immunosuppressive phenotype. However, the updated research has not been systematically summarized yet. TAMs are educated by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and exert immunosuppressive functions and tumorigenic effects via multiple biological processes. It is well known that lactate generated by aerobic glycolysis is significantly accumulated in TME and promotes tumor progression in solid tumors. Moreover, some recent research demonstrated that glycolysis is activated in TAMs to support M2-like polarization, which is absolutely in contrast with the metabolic profile of M2 macrophages in inflammation. Notably, lactate produced by high levels of glycolysis is not only a metabolic by-product but also an oncometabolite. TAMs could access the biological information delivered by lactate and further enhance protumor functions such as immunosuppression and angiogenesis. Here, we outline the connection between glycolysis and TAM phenotype to elucidate the metabolic characteristics of TAMs. Further, insights into the specific molecular mechanisms of lactate-induced TAM polarization and potential therapeutic targets are summarized. We sought to discuss the reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and TAMs mediated by lactate, which will lay a foundation for the research aiming to elucidate the complex functions of TAMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuting Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Imenez Silva PH, Câmara NO, Wagner CA. Role of proton-activated G protein-coupled receptors in pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C400-C414. [PMID: 35759438 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00114.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Local acidification is a common feature of many disease processes such as inflammation, infarction, or solid tumor growth. Acidic pH is not merely a sequelae of disease but contributes to recruitment and regulation of immune cells, modifies metabolism of parenchymal, immune and tumor cells, modulates fibrosis, vascular permeability, oxygen availability and consumption, invasiveness of tumor cells, and impacts on cell survival. Thus, multiple pH-sensing mechanisms must exist in cells involved in these processes. These pH-sensors play important roles in normal physiology and pathophysiology, and hence might be attractive targets for pharmacological interventions. Among the pH-sensing mechanisms, OGR1 (GPR68), GPR4 (GPR4), and TDAG8 (GPR65) have emerged as important molecules. These G protein-coupled receptors are widely expressed, are upregulated in inflammation and tumors, sense changes in extracellular pH in the range between pH 8 and 6, and are involved in modulating key processes in inflammation, tumor biology, and fibrosis. This review discusses key features of these receptors and highlights important disease states and pathways affected by their activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Imenez Silva
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Switzerland
| | - Niels Olsen Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Imenez Silva PH, Wagner CA. Physiological relevance of proton-activated GPCRs. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:487-504. [PMID: 35247105 PMCID: PMC8993716 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The detection of H+ concentration variations in the extracellular milieu is accomplished by a series of specialized and non-specialized pH-sensing mechanisms. The proton-activated G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) GPR4 (Gpr4), TDAG8 (Gpr65), and OGR1 (Gpr68) form a subfamily of proteins capable of triggering intracellular signaling in response to alterations in extracellular pH around physiological values, i.e., in the range between pH 7.5 and 6.5. Expression of these receptors is widespread for GPR4 and OGR1 with particularly high levels in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, respectively, while expression of TDAG8 appears to be more restricted to the immune compartment. These receptors have been linked to several well-studied pH-dependent physiological activities including central control of respiration, renal adaption to changes in acid–base status, secretion of insulin and peripheral responsiveness to insulin, mechanosensation, and cellular chemotaxis. Their role in pathological processes such as the genesis and progression of several inflammatory diseases (asthma, inflammatory bowel disease), and tumor cell metabolism and invasiveness, is increasingly receiving more attention and makes these receptors novel and interesting targets for therapy. In this review, we cover the role of these receptors in physiological processes and will briefly discuss some implications for disease processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Imenez Silva
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland. .,National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland. .,National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao D, Zhang M, Yang L, Zeng M. GPR68 Improves Nerve Damage and Myelination in an Immature Rat Model Induced by Sevoflurane Anesthesia by Activating cAMP/CREB to Mediate BDNF. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:423-431. [PMID: 35025202 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer G-protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1, also known as GPR68) is a member of proton-sensing G-protein-coupled receptors, involved in cardiovascular physiology, tumor biology, and asthma, and exerts a neuroprotective effect against brain ischemia. The effects of GPR68 on anesthesia-induced nerve damage and myelination were investigated in this study. First, 2-day old postnatal rats were exposed to 4.9% sevoflurane for 2 h. Data from hematoxylin and eosin staining and Nissl staining showed that sevoflurane induced pathological changes in the hippocampus with a reduced number of neurons. GPR68 was downregulated in the hippocampus of sevoflurane-induced rats. Second, sevoflurane-induced rats were injected with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of GPR68, and overexpression of GPR68 ameliorated sevoflurane-induced pathological changes, enhanced the number of neurons, and improved the learning and memory function. Moreover, overexpression of GPR68 increased the number of BrdU-positive and Olig2-positive cells and enhanced protein expression of Olig2 in sevoflurane-induced rats. Third, the number of myelin basic protein (MBP) positive cells and protein expression of MBP in sevoflurane-induced rats were also enhanced by injection with AAV-GPR68. Overexpression of GPR68 attenuated sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress in rats. Lastly, overexpression of GPR68 upregulated protein expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by increasing cAMP and phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). In conclusion, GPR68 alleviated sevoflurane-induced nerve damage and myelination through BDNF-mediated activation of the cAMP/CREB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610032, China
| | - Minli Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610032, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610032, China
| | - Mingquan Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Seymen F, Zhang H, Kasimoglu Y, Koruyucu M, Simmer JP, Hu JCC, Kim JW. Novel Mutations in GPR68 and SLC24A4 Cause Hypomaturation Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Pers Med 2021; 12:jpm12010013. [PMID: 35055328 PMCID: PMC8781920 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a rare genetic condition affecting the quantity and/or quality of tooth enamel. Hypomaturation AI is characterized by brownish-yellow discoloration with increased opacity and poorly mineralized enamel prone to fracture and attrition. We recruited three families affected by hypomaturation AI and performed whole exome sequencing with selected individuals in each family. Bioinformatic analysis and Sanger sequencing identified and confirmed mutations and segregation in the families. Family 1 had a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in GPR68 gene (NM_003485.3:c.78_83delinsC, p.(Val27Cysfs*146)). Family 2 had a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in SLC24A4 gene (NM_153646.4:c.613C>T, NP_705932.2:p.(Arg205*)). Family 3 also had a homozygous missense mutation in SLC24A4 gene which was reported previously (c.437C>T, p.(Ala146Val)). This report not only expands the mutational spectrum of the AI-causing genes but also improves our understanding of normal and pathologic amelogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (F.S.); (Y.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Yelda Kasimoglu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (F.S.); (Y.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (F.S.); (Y.K.); (M.K.)
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jan C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry & DRI, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry & DRI, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|