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Pyrzynska K, Sentkowska A. Selenium Species in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2993-3004. [PMID: 37880477 PMCID: PMC11074226 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is an important trace element for humans and animals as it plays a key role in several major metabolic pathways. Several studies were conducted to better understand the role of selenium against diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 (T2DM), but the obtained conclusions are contradictory. A simple linear relationship does not exist between the risk of T2DM and selenium levels but is best represented in a dose-dependent manner, getting often the U-graph. This relation also depends on selenium chemical forms that are present in a diet or supplements. Both too low and too high selenium intakes could increase the risk of diabetes. Moreover, the baseline status of Se should be taken into consideration to avoid over-supplementation. The focus of this brief overview is to report the recent updates concerning selenium participation in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Pyrzynska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteur Str. 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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Al-Salmi FA, Hamza RZ. RETRACTED: Al-Salmi, F.A.; Hamza, R.Z. Efficacy of Vanadyl Sulfate and Selenium Tetrachloride as Anti-Diabetic Agents against Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress Induced by Diabetes Mellitus in Male Rats. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2022, 44, 94-104. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5550. [PMID: 38921047 PMCID: PMC11202611 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Current Issues in Molecular Biology Editorial Office retracts the article titled "Efficacy of Vanadyl Sulfate and Selenium Tetrachloride as Anti-Diabetic Agents against Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress Induced by Diabetes Mellitus in Male Rats" [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reham Z. Hamza
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
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Shanmuganathan R, Devanesan S, Oza G, Sharma A. Assessment of antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties of acetone extract of Aerva lanata (L.) by in-vitro approach and bioactive compounds characterization. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118348. [PMID: 38295976 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities efficiency of Aerva lanata plant extracts (aqueous (Aqu-E), acetone (Ace-E), and ethanol (Eth-E)) were investigated in this study. Furthermore, the active molecules exist in the crude extract were characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses. The preliminary phytochemical study revealed that the Ace-E restrain more phytochemicals like alkaloids, saponins, anthraquinone, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, amino acid, steroids, protein, coumarin, as well as quinine than Aqu-E and Eth-E. Accordingly to this Ace-E showed considerable antimicrobial activity as the follows: for bacteria S. aureus > E. coli > K. pneumoniae > P. aeruginosa > B. subtilis and for fungi T. viride > A.flavus > C. albicans > A.niger at 30 mg ml concentration. Similarly, Ace-E showed considerable antidiabetic (α-amylase: 71.7 % and α-glucosidase: 70.1 %) and moderate anti-inflammatory (59 % and 49.8 %) activities. The spectral and chromatogram studies confirmed that the Ace-E have pharmaceutically valuable bioactive molecules such as (Nbutyl)-octadecane, propynoic acid, neophytadiene, and 5,14-di (N-butyl)-octadecane. These findings suggest that Ace-E from A. lanata can be used to purify additional bioactive substances and conduct individual compound-based biomedical application research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasree Shanmuganathan
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Goldie Oza
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica (CIDETEQ), Parque Tecnológico Querétaro s/n, Sanfandila. Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro 76703, Mexico
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centre of Bioengineering, NatProLab, Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Queretaro 76130, Mexico.
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Aureliano M, De Sousa-Coelho AL, Dolan CC, Roess DA, Crans DC. Biological Consequences of Vanadium Effects on Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Lipid Peroxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065382. [PMID: 36982458 PMCID: PMC10049017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation (LPO), a process that affects human health, can be induced by exposure to vanadium salts and compounds. LPO is often exacerbated by oxidation stress, with some forms of vanadium providing protective effects. The LPO reaction involves the oxidation of the alkene bonds, primarily in polyunsaturated fatty acids, in a chain reaction to form radical and reactive oxygen species (ROS). LPO reactions typically affect cellular membranes through direct effects on membrane structure and function as well as impacting other cellular functions due to increases in ROS. Although LPO effects on mitochondrial function have been studied in detail, other cellular components and organelles are affected. Because vanadium salts and complexes can induce ROS formation both directly and indirectly, the study of LPO arising from increased ROS should include investigations of both processes. This is made more challenging by the range of vanadium species that exist under physiological conditions and the diverse effects of these species. Thus, complex vanadium chemistry requires speciation studies of vanadium to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of the various species that are present during vanadium exposure. Undoubtedly, speciation is important in assessing how vanadium exerts effects in biological systems and is likely the underlying cause for some of the beneficial effects reported in cancerous, diabetic, neurodegenerative conditions and other diseased tissues impacted by LPO processes. Speciation of vanadium, together with investigations of ROS and LPO, should be considered in future biological studies evaluating vanadium effects on the formation of ROS and on LPO in cells, tissues, and organisms as discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Aureliano
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- CCMar, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (D.C.C.); Tel.: +351-289-900-805 (M.A.)
| | - Ana Luísa De Sousa-Coelho
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve (ESSUAlg), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Connor C. Dolan
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Deborah A. Roess
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Debbie C. Crans
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (D.C.C.); Tel.: +351-289-900-805 (M.A.)
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Su H, Tian CJ, Wang Y, Shi J, Chen X, Zhen Z, Bai Y, Deng L, Feng C, Ma Z, Liu J. Ginsenoside Rb1 reduces oxidative/carbonyl stress damage and ameliorates inflammation in the lung of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:2229-2236. [PMID: 36367996 PMCID: PMC9662009 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2140168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) is a biologically active component of ginseng [Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae)]. OBJECTIVE This study determined the underlying mechanisms of Rb1 treatment that acted on diabetes-injured lungs in diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model was used. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups (n = 10): control, Rb1 (20 mg/kg), insulin (15 U/kg to attain the euglycaemic state) and diabetic (untreated). After treatment for six weeks, oxidative stress assay; histological and ultrastructure analyses; TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-1 and IL-6 protein expression analyses; and the detection of apoptosis were performed. RESULTS There was decreased activity of SOD (3.53-fold), CAT (2.55-fold) and GSH (1.63-fold) and increased levels of NO (4.47-fold) and MDA (3.86-fold) in the diabetic group from control. Rb1 treatment increased SOD (2.4-fold), CAT (1.9-fold) and GSH (1.29-fold) and decreased the levels of NO (1.76-fold) and MDA (1.51-fold) as compared with diabetic rats. The expression of IL-6 (5.13-fold), IL-1α (2.35-fold), TNF-α (2.35-fold) and TGF-β (2.39-fold) was increased in diabetic rats from control. IL-6 (2.43-fold), IL-1α (2.27-fold), TNF-α (1.68-fold) and TGF-β (2.3-fold) were decreased in the Rb1 treatment group. Diabetes increased the apoptosis rate (2.23-fold vs. control), and Rb1 treatment decreased the apoptosis rate (1.73-fold vs. the diabetic rats). Rb1 and insulin ameliorated lung tissue injury. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that Rb1 could be useful for mitigating oxidative damage and inflammatory infiltration in the diabetic lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cheng-Ju Tian
- College of Physical Education and Sports Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Physical Education and Sports Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Shi
- College of Physical Education and Sports Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- College of Physical Education and Sports Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Zhong Zhen
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu Bai
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lan Deng
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chunpeng Feng
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- College of Physical Education and Sports Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Sun D, Sun L, Su F. Influence of Optimal Management of Hyperglycemia and Intensive Nursing on Blood Glucose Control Level and Complications in Patients with Postoperative Cerebral Hemorrhage. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8553539. [PMID: 36072767 PMCID: PMC9444437 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8553539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Cerebral hemorrhage, also known as hemorrhagic stroke, is a common clinical cerebrovascular disease, accounting for about 10%-30% of stroke, with high morbidity and mortality. Objective To observe the effect of optimal management of hyperglycemia and intensive nursing on blood glucose control level and complications in patients with postoperative cerebral hemorrhage. Methods One hundred and eight patients with postoperative cerebral hemorrhage comorbid with stress hyperglycemia admitted to our neurosurgery department from February 2019 to February 2022 were selected and divided into a general group of 54 cases and an optimized group of 54 cases by simple random method. The general group was managed with conventional care, while the optimized group developed optimized management of hyperglycemia for intensive care. The indexes related to blood glucose control, electrolytes, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, Barthel Index (BI) scores, and time to achieve blood glucose standard, insulin pumping time, patient satisfaction, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results Before intervention, there was no statistical significance in the comparison of blood glucose control-related indicators and electrolytes between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 7 d and 14 d of intervention, the fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose in the two groups were lower than before, while K+ and Na+ were higher than before (P < 0.05). The blood glucose indexes at the same time point in the optimized group were found to be lower than those in the general group by statistical analysis, but electrolytes were not statistically significant when compared with the general group (P > 0.05). In the optimized group, the time to achieve blood glucose standard (6.59 ± 1.94) d and insulin pumping time (7.14 ± 1.89) d were shorter than those in the general group [(7.48 ± 2.12) d and (8.58 ± 2.14) d], insulin dosage (748.85 ± 63.61) U was less than that in the general group (923.54 ± 84.14) U, and the incidence of hypoglycemia (3.70%) was lower than that in the general group (16.67%), and the satisfaction rate (92.59%) was higher than that of the general group (77.78%), which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in NIHSS score and BI score between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 7 d and 14 d of intervention, the NIHSS scores of the two groups were lower than before, while the BI scores were higher than before, and the NIHSS scores of the optimized group at the same time point were all lower than those of the general group, and the BI scores were higher than those of the general group (P < 0.05). The incidence of pulmonary infection (11.11%) and rebleeding (7.41%) in the optimized group were lower than those in the general group (25.93% and 22.22%), while deep vein thrombosis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and death within 28 d was not statistically significant when compared with the general group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Optimal management of hyperglycemia and intensive nursing can effectively control the blood sugar level of patients after cerebral hemorrhage, reducing insulin dosage, and the occurrence of hypoglycemia, pulmonary infection, and rebleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Sun
- Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Fang Su
- Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Synthesis, spectroscopic characterizations, conductometric titration and investigation of potent antioxidant activities of gallic acid complexes with Ca (II), Cu (II), Zn(III), Cr(III) and Se (IV) metal ions. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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El-Megharbel SM, Qahl SH, Alaryani FS, Hamza RZ. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies for Five New Mg (II), Fe (III), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Se (IV) Ceftriaxone Antibiotic Drug Complexes and Their Possible Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Capacities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:547. [PMID: 35625191 PMCID: PMC9138063 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and selenium complexes of ceftriaxone were prepared in a 1:1 ligand to metal ratio to investigate the ligational character of the antibiotic ceftriaxone drug (CFX). The complexes were found to have coordinated and hydrated water molecules, except for the Se (IV) complex, which had only hydrated water molecules. The modes of chelation were explained depending on IR, 1HNMR and UV-Vis spectroscopies. The electronic absorption spectra and the magnetic moment values indicated that Mg (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Fe (III) and Se (VI) complexes form a six-coordinate shape with a distorted octahedral geometry. Ceftriaxone has four donation sites through nitrogen from NH2 amino, oxygen from triazine, β-lactam carbonyl and carboxylate with the molecular formulas [Mg(CFX)(H2O)2]·4H2O, [Cu(CFX)(H2O)2]·3H2O, [Fe(CFX)(H2O)(Cl)]·5H2O, [Zn(CFX)(H2O)2]·6H2O and [Se(CFX)(Cl)2]·4H2O and acts as a tetradentate ligand towards the five metal ions. The morphological surface and particle size of ceftriaxone metal complexes were determined using SEM, TEM and X-ray diffraction. The thermal behaviors of the complexes were studied by the TGA(DTG) technique. This study investigated the effect of CFX and CFX metal complexes on oxidative stress and severe tissue injury in the hepatic tissues of male rats. Fifty-six male rats were tested: the first group received normal saline (1 mg/kg), the second group received CFX orally at a dose of 180 mg/kg, and the other treated groups received other CFX metal complexes at the same dose as the CFX-treated group. For antibacterial activity, CFX/Zn complex was highly effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae, while CFX/Se was highly effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, successive exposure to CFX elevated hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lipid peroxidation final marker (MDA) and decreased antioxidant enzyme levels. CFX metal complex administration prevented liver injury, mainly suppressing excessive ROS generation and enhancing antioxidant defense enzymes and in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy M. El-Megharbel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safa H. Qahl
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, Jeddah University, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.Q.); (F.S.A.)
| | - Fatima S. Alaryani
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, Jeddah University, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.Q.); (F.S.A.)
| | - Reham Z. Hamza
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Possible Ameliorative Effects of the Royal Jelly on Hepatotoxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Molybdenum Nanoparticles and/or Cadmium Chloride in Male Rats. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030450. [PMID: 35336823 PMCID: PMC8945475 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of the present investigation is valuable due to the importance of possible contaminations and negative effects of these cadmium chloride and molybdenum nanoparticles. The physicochemical properties of molybdenum nanoparticles have been characterized, as well as their ultrastructural organization. A rat experimental model was then employed to assess the liver toxicity of molybdenum nanoparticles, even in combination with CdCl2. The toxicity of molybdenum nanoparticles and cadmium chloride was estimated via liver damage by means of chemico-biological markers of liver injury, serum lipids, inflammation, oxidative status, and histological and immunohistochemistry patterns. Moreover, the possible effects of royal jelly were evaluated. The results clarified that both chemicals induced hepatic toxicity with the excessive triggering of reactive oxygen species that induced severe oxidative injury, histological alterations in the hepatic structure, and hepatic ultrastructure. These results are concurrent with obtaining normal biochemical levels in groups either treated with royal jelly or even a combination of royal jelly and two xenobiotics. The royal jelly is considered an essential potential source of natural antioxidants capable of frustrating the effects of oxidative injury, which is considered the main cause of many diseases. Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the royal jelly (RJ) on hepatotoxicity induced by molybdenum nanoparticles (MoO3-NPs), cadmium chloride (CdCl2), or their combination in male rats at biochemical, inflammation, immune response, histological, and ultrastructural levels. The physicochemical properties of MoO3-NPs have been characterized, as well as their ultrastructural organization. A rat experimental model was employed to assess the liver toxicity of MoO3-NPs, even in combination with CdCl2. Different cellular studies indicate divergent mechanisms, from increased reactive oxygen species production to antioxidative damage and cytoprotective activity. Seventy male rats were allocated to groups: (i) control; (ii) MoO3-NPs (500 mg/kg); (iii) CdCl2 (6.5 mg/kg); (iv) RJ (85 mg/kg diluted in saline); (v) MoO3-NPs followed by RJ (30 min after the MoO3-NPs dose); (vi) CdCl2 followed by RJ; and (vii) a combination of MoO3-NPs and CdCl2, followed by RJ, for a total of 30 successive days. Hepatic functions, lipid profile, inflammation marker (CRP), antioxidant biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GPx, and MDA), and genotoxicity were examined. Histological changes, an immunological marker for caspase-3, and transmission electron microscope variations in the liver were also investigated to indicate liver status. The results showed that RJ alleviated the hepatotoxicity of MoO3-NPs and/or CdCl2 by improving all hepatic vitality markers. In conclusion, the RJ was more potent and effective as an antioxidant over the oxidative damage induced by the combination of MoO3-NPs and CdCl2.
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Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Dapagliflozin/Zn (II), Cr (III) and Se (IV) Novel Complexes That Ameliorate Hepatic Damage, Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Injury Induced by Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats and Their Antibacterial Activity. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes an imbalance in the oxidative status of the human body. Three novel Dapagliflozin (Dapg) Zn (II), Cr (III) and Se (IV) complexes were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibility, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. The molar conductance values confirmed the non-electrolytic nature of the Dapg complexes. According to spectral data, Dapg acts as a bidentate ligand. The thermal analyses of the complexes were studied using the DSC technique. The surface morphology and particle sizes of the Dapg complexes were investigated using SEM and XRD. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure for the complexity. This study investigated the effect of novel metal complexes of Dapg with the metals Zn (II), Cr (III) and Se (IV) on oxidative injury and tissue damage in the hepatic tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male rats. DM was experimentally induced in male rats. The diabetic rats received Dapg, Dapg/Zn, Dapg/Cr and Dapg/Se orally for 30 successive days. Male rats exposed to STZ showed multi-histopathological alterations in their hepatic tissue, including inflammatory and structural changes. STZ elevated oxidative stress markers in the hepatic tissue and lowered the antioxidant defense enzymes. Supplementation of Dapg with Zn, Cr or Se novel complexes significantly prevented hepatic injury and suppressed the generation of reactive oxygen species. The Dapg/Zn complex was highly effective against Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus penumonia, while Dapg/Cr was highly effective against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Dapg/Se was highly effective against Staphylococcus aureas. In conclusion, Dapg novel metal complexes with Zn, Cr or Se protect against oxidative injury and the pathophysiological and bacterial complications of DM and hepatic tissue injury. The Dapg novel metal complexes improved hepatic functions, reduced blood glucose levels and enhanced the levels of antioxidant defense enzymes in diabetic male rats.
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