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Lee JH, Loh ND, Yeo ZY, Ong YK, Balakrishnan D, Limpo CMA, Datta A, Cetin C, Ning S, Wong C, Shi J, Hou F, Lin J, Minamikawa T, Ito T, Kamisuki H, Pennycook S, Matsudaira P, Özyilmaz B. Engineering a Hierarchy of Disorder: A New Route to Synthesize High-Performance 3D Nanoporous All-Carbon Materials*. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402628. [PMID: 38670114 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A new nanoporous amorphous carbon (NAC) structure that achieves both ultrahigh strength and high electrical conductivity, which are usually incompatible in porous materials is reported. By using modified spark plasma sintering, three amorphous carbon phases with different atomic bonding configurations are created. The composite consisted of an amorphous sp2-carbon matrix mixed with amorphous sp3-carbon and amorphous graphitic motif. NAC structure has an isotropic electrical conductivity of up to 12 000 S m-1, Young's modulus of up to ≈5 GPa, and Vickers hardness of over 900 MPa. These properties are superior to those of existing conductive nanoporous materials. Direct investigation of the multiscale structure of this material through transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and machine learning-based electron tomography revealed that the origin of the remarkable material properties is the well-organized sp2/sp3 amorphous carbon phases with a core-shell-like architecture, where the sp3-rich carbon forms a resilient core surrounded by a conductive sp2-rich layer. This research not only introduces novel materials with exceptional properties but also opens new opportunities for exploring amorphous structures and designing high-performance materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hak Lee
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
| | - N Duane Loh
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
- Centre for Bio-imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhen Yuan Yeo
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
- Centre for Bio-imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yong Kang Ong
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Deepan Balakrishnan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
- Centre for Bio-imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Carlos Maria Alava Limpo
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Abhik Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Cagdas Cetin
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Shoucong Ning
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Clarissa Wong
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Jian Shi
- Centre for Bio-imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Fuchen Hou
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Junhao Lin
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tadahiro Minamikawa
- Chemical Device Department Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Yasu-shi, Shiga, 520-2393, Japan
| | - Tomonori Ito
- Chemical Device Department Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Yasu-shi, Shiga, 520-2393, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamisuki
- Chemical Device Department Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Yasu-shi, Shiga, 520-2393, Japan
| | - Stephen Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Paul Matsudaira
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
- Centre for Bio-imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Barbaros Özyilmaz
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials (I-FIM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
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Gutta B, Huilgol P, Perugu CS, Kumar G, Reddy ST, Toth LS, Bouaziz O, Kailas SV. A Polymer-Based Metallurgical Route to Produce Aluminum Metal-Matrix Composite with High Strength and Ductility. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:84. [PMID: 38203937 PMCID: PMC10779887 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In this investigation, an attempt was made to develop a new high-strength and high-ductility aluminum metal-matrix composite. It was achieved by incorporating ceramic reinforcement into the metal which was formed in situ from a polymer by pyrolysis. A crosslinked PMHS polymer was introduced into commercially pure aluminum via friction stir processing (FSP). The distributed micro- and nano-sized polymer was then converted into ceramic particles by heating at 500 °C for 10 h and processed again via FSP. The produced composite showed a 2.5-fold increase in yield strength (to 119 MPa from 48 MPa) and 3.5-fold increase in tensile strength (to 286 MPa from 82 MPa) with respect to the base metal. The ductility was marginally reduced from 40% to 30%. The increase in strength is attributed to the grain refinement and the larger ceramic particles. High-temperature grain stability was obtained, with minimal loss to mechanical properties, up to 500 °C due to the Zenner pinning effect of the nano-sized ceramic particles at the grain boundaries. Fractures took place throughout the matrix up to 300 °C. Above 300 °C, the interfacial bonding between the particle and matrix became weak, and fractures took place at the particle-matrix interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Gutta
- Centre for Product Design and Manufacturing, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (B.G.); (G.K.); (S.V.K.)
| | - Prashant Huilgol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;
| | - Chandra S. Perugu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (C.S.P.); (S.T.R.)
| | - Govind Kumar
- Centre for Product Design and Manufacturing, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (B.G.); (G.K.); (S.V.K.)
| | - S. Tejanath Reddy
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (C.S.P.); (S.T.R.)
| | - Laszlo S. Toth
- Laboratory of Excellence on Design of Alloy Metals for Low-Mass Structure (Labex-DAMAS), Lorraine University, 57070 Metz, France
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux, UMR 7239, CNRS/Université de Lorraine, 57070 Metz, France;
- Institute of Physical Metallurgy, Metal-Forming and Nanotechnology, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Olivier Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux, UMR 7239, CNRS/Université de Lorraine, 57070 Metz, France;
| | - Satish V. Kailas
- Centre for Product Design and Manufacturing, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (B.G.); (G.K.); (S.V.K.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;
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Eterigho-Ikelegbe O, Trammell R, Ricohermoso E, Bada S. Mechanism of bonding, surface property, electrical behaviour, and environmental friendliness of carbon/ceramic composites produced via the pyrolysis of coal waste with polysiloxane polymer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93786-93799. [PMID: 37516704 PMCID: PMC10468435 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A simple mixing-pressing followed by thermal curing and pyrolysis process was used to upcycle coal waste into high-value composites. Three coal wastes of different physicochemical properties were investigated. The hypothetical mechanisms of bonding between the coal particles and the preceramic polymer are presented. The textural properties of the coals indicated that the lowest volatile coal waste (PCD) had a dense structure. This limited the diffusion and reaction of the preceramic polymer with the coal waste during pyrolysis, thereby leading to low-quality composites. The water contact angles of the composites up to 104° imply hydrophobic surfaces, hence, no external coating might be required. Analysis of the carbon phase confirmed that the amorphous carbon structure is prevalent in the composites compared to the coal wastes. The dc volume resistivity of the composites in the range of 22 to 82 Ω-cm infers that the composites are unlikely to suffer electrostatic discharge, which makes them useful in creating self-heating building parts. The leached concentrations of heavy metal elements from the composites based on the end-of-life scenario were below the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure regulatory limits. Additionally, the release potential or mobility of the metals from the composites was not influenced by the pH of the eluants used. On the basis of the reported results, these carbon/ceramic composites show tremendous prospects as building materials due to these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orevaoghene Eterigho-Ikelegbe
- DSI-NRF SARChI Clean Coal Technology Research Group, School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Fachbereich Material-Und Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt- Straße 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Ryan Trammell
- Semplastics, 269 Aulin Avenue, Suite 1003, Oviedo, FL, 32765, USA
| | - Emmanuel Ricohermoso
- Fachbereich Material-Und Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt- Straße 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Samson Bada
- DSI-NRF SARChI Clean Coal Technology Research Group, School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Han J, Liu C, Bradford-Vialva RL, Klosterman DA, Cao L. Additive Manufacturing of Advanced Ceramics Using Preceramic Polymers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4636. [PMID: 37444949 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic materials are used in various industrial applications, as they possess exceptional physical, chemical, thermal, mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties. Ceramic structural components, especially those with highly complex structures and shapes, are difficult to fabricate with conventional methods, such as sintering and hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The use of preceramic polymers has many advantages, such as excellent processibility, easy shape change, and tailorable composition for fabricating high-performance ceramic components. Additive manufacturing (AM) is an evolving manufacturing technique that can be used to construct complex and intricate structural components. Integrating polymer-derived ceramics and AM techniques has drawn significant attention, as it overcomes the limitations and challenges of conventional fabrication approaches. This review discusses the current research that used AM technologies to fabricate ceramic articles from preceramic feedstock materials, and it demonstrates that AM processes are effective and versatile approaches for fabricating ceramic components. The future of producing ceramics using preceramic feedstock materials for AM processes is also discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchen Han
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Technical Center, Nippon Paint Automotive Americas, Inc., Cleveland, OH 44102, USA
| | - Robyn L Bradford-Vialva
- Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/RXMD), Manufacturing & Industrial Technologies Division, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA
| | - Donald A Klosterman
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
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Stiharu I, Andronenko S, Zinnatullin A, Vagizov F. SiCNFe Ceramics as Soft Magnetic Material for MEMS Magnetic Devices: A Mössbauer Study. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14050925. [PMID: 37241549 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-derived SiCNFe ceramics is a prospective material that can be used as soft magnets in MEMS magnetic applications. The optimal synthesis process and low-cost appropriate microfabrication should be developed for best result. Homogeneous and uniform magnetic material is required for developing such MEMS devices. Therefore, the knowledge of exact composition of SiCNFe ceramics is very important for the microfabrication of magnetic MEMS devices. The Mössbauer spectrum of SiCN ceramics, doped with Fe (III) ions, and annealed at 1100 °C, was investigated at room temperature to accurately establish the phase composition of Fe-containing magnetic nanoparticles, which were formed in this material at pyrolysis and which determine their magnetic properties. The analysis of Mössbauer data shows the formation of several Fe-containing magnetic nanoparticles in SiCN/Fe ceramics, such as α-Fe, FexSiyCz, traces of Fe-N and paramagnetic Fe3+ with octahedral oxygen environment. The presence of iron nitride and paramagnetic Fe3+ ions shows that the pyrolysis process was not completed in SiCNFe ceramics annealed at 1100 °C. These new observations confirm the formation of different Fe-containing nanoparticles with complex composition in SiCNFe ceramic composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Stiharu
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Sergey Andronenko
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Almaz Zinnatullin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Farit Vagizov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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Chen J, Ding J, Shan J, Wang T, Zhou R, Zhuang Q, Kong J. Recent advances in precursor-derived ceramics integrated with two-dimensional materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24677-24689. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02678c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This review focused on the recent advances in precursor-derived ceramics integrated with two-dimensional materials. Their fabrication methods, structures and applications were discussed in detail and the perspectives in this field were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jichao Ding
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Shan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhuang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jie Kong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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Chen Q, Li D, Liao X, Yang Z, Jia D, Zhou Y, Riedel R. Polymer-Derived Lightweight SiBCN Ceramic Nanofibers with High Microwave Absorption Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:34889-34898. [PMID: 34282879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight SiBCN ceramic nanofibers were prepared by a combination of electrostatic spinning and high-temperature annealing techniques, showing tunable electromagnetic wave absorption. By controlling the annealing temperature, the nanoscale architectures and atomic bonding structures of as-prepared nanofibers could be well regulated. The resulting SiBCN nanofibers ∼300 nm in diameter, which were composed of an amorphous matrix, β-SiC, and free carbon nanocrystals, were defect-free after annealing at 1600 °C. SiBCN nanofibers annealed at 1600 °C exhibited good microwave absorption, obtaining a minimum reflection coefficient of -56.9 dB at 10.56 GHz, a sample thickness of 2.6 mm with a maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 3.45 GHz, and a maximum dielectric constant of 0.44. Owing to the optimized A + B + C microstructure, SiBCN ceramic nanofibers with satisfying microwave absorption properties endowed the nanofibers with the potential to be used as lightweight, ultrastrong radar wave absorbers applied in military and the commercial market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Chen
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Daxin Li
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xingqi Liao
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural-Functional Integration Materials & Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dechang Jia
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural-Functional Integration Materials & Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ralf Riedel
- Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Devapal D, Varughese G, Radhakrishnan TS, Asari V, Packirisamy S. Studies on Borosiloxane Oligomers from Mixtures of Vinyltriethoxysilane and Phenyltrialkoxysilanes. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-01964-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fabrication of (SiC-AlN)/ZrB 2 Composite with Nano-Micron Hybrid Microstructure via PCS-Derived Ceramics Route. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020334. [PMID: 33440725 PMCID: PMC7826618 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a (SiC-AlN)/ZrB2 composite with outstanding mechanical properties was prepared by using polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) and hot-pressing technique. Flexural strength reached up to 460 ± 41 MPa, while AlN and ZrB2 contents were 10 wt%, and 15 wt%, respectively, under a hot-pressing temperature of 2000 °C. XRD pattern-evidenced SiC generated by pyrolysis of polycarbosilane (PCS) was mainly composed by 2H-SiC and 4H-SiC, both belonging to α-SiC. Micron-level ZrB2 secondary phase was observed inside the (SiC-AlN)/ZrB2 composite, while the mean grain size (MGS) of SiC-AlN matrix was approximately 97 nm. This unique nano-micron hybrid microstructure enhanced the mechanical properties. The present investigation provided a feasible tactic for strengthening ceramics from PDCs raw materials.
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