1
|
Zhang L, Shen Z, Zeng Y, Li X, Zhang X. Insight into the Metal-Involving Chalcogen Bond in the Pd II/Pt II-Based Complexes: Comparison with the Conventional Chalcogen Bond. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:5567-5577. [PMID: 39003760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The metal-involving Ch···M chalcogen bond and the conventional Ch···O chalcogen bond between ChX2 (Ch = Se, Te; X = CCH, CN) acting as a Lewis acid and M(acac)2 (M = Pd, Pt; Hacac = acetylacetone) acting as a Lewis base were studied by density functional theory calculations. It has been observed that the nucleophilicity of the PtII complexes is higher than that of the corresponding PdII complexes. As a result, the PtII complexes tend to exhibit a more negative interaction energy and larger orbital interaction. The strength of the chalcogen bond increases with the increase of the chalcogen atom and the electronegativity of the substituent on the Lewis acid and vice versa. The metal-involving chalcogen bond shows a typical weak closed-shell noncovalent interaction in the (HCC)2Ch···M(acac)2 complexes, while it exhibits a partially covalent nature in the (NC)2Ch···M(acac)2 complexes. The conventional Ch···O chalcogen bond displays the character of a weak noncovalent interaction, and its strength is generally weaker than that of metal-involving Ch···M interactions. It could be argued that the metal-involving chalcogen bond is primarily determined by the correlation term, whereas the conventional chalcogen bond is mainly governed by the electrostatic interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zixuan Shen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Varadwaj PR. Halogen Bond via an Electrophilic π-Hole on Halogen in Molecules: Does It Exist? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4587. [PMID: 38731806 PMCID: PMC11083155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reveals a new non-covalent interaction called a π-hole halogen bond, which is directional and potentially non-linear compared to its sister analog (σ-hole halogen bond). A π-hole is shown here to be observed on the surface of halogen in halogenated molecules, which can be tempered to display the aptness to form a π-hole halogen bond with a series of electron density-rich sites (Lewis bases) hosted individually by 32 other partner molecules. The [MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ] level characteristics of the π-hole halogen bonds in 33 binary complexes obtained from the charge density approaches (quantum theory of intramolecular atoms, molecular electrostatic surface potential, independent gradient model (IGM-δginter)), intermolecular geometries and energies, and second-order hyperconjugative charge transfer analyses are discussed, which are similar to other non-covalent interactions. That a π-hole can be observed on halogen in halogenated molecules is substantiated by experimentally reported crystals documented in the Cambridge Crystal Structure Database. The importance of the π-hole halogen bond in the design and growth of chemical systems in synthetic chemistry, crystallography, and crystal engineering is yet to be fully explicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep R. Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yashmin F, Mazumder LJ, Sharma PK, Guha AK. Spodium bonding with noble gas atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8115-8124. [PMID: 38410934 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The nature of the bonding between a neutral group 12 member (Zn3, Cd3 and Hg3) ring and a noble gas atom was explored using quantum chemical simulations. Natural bond orbital, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, symmetry-adapted perturbation theory, and molecular electrostatic potential surface analysis were also used to investigate the type of interaction between the noble gas atom and the metal rings (Zn3, Cd3 and Hg3). The Zn3, Cd3 and Hg3 rings are bonded to the noble gas through non-covalent interactions, which was revealed by the non-covalent interaction index. Additionally, energy decomposition analysis reveals that dispersion energy is the key factor in stabilizing these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Yashmin
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Lakhya J Mazumder
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Pankaz K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, 781001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lutton-Gething ARJ, Spencer BF, Whitehead GFS, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Lee D, Attfield MP. Disorder and Sorption Preferences in a Highly Stable Fluoride-Containing Rare-Earth fcu-Type Metal-Organic Framework. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:1957-1965. [PMID: 38435049 PMCID: PMC10902816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Rare-earth (RE) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) synthesized in the presence of fluorine-donating modulators or linkers are an important new subset of functional MOFs. However, the exact nature of the REaXb core of the molecular building block (MBB) of the MOF, where X is a μ2 or 3-bridging group, remains unclear. Investigation of one of the archetypal members of this family with the stable fcu framework topology, Y-fum-fcu-MOF (1), using a combination of experimental techniques, including high-field (20 T) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, has determined two sources of framework disorder involving the μ3-X face-capping group of the MBB and the fumarate (fum) linker. The core of the MBB of 1 is shown to contain a mixture of μ3-F- and (OH)- groups with preferential occupation at the crystallographically different face-capping sites that result in different internally lined framework tetrahedral cages. The fum linker is also found to display a disordered arrangement involving bridging- or chelating-bridging bis-bidentate modes over the fum linker positions without influencing the MBB orientation. This linker disorder will, upon activation, result in the creation of Y3+ ions with potentially one or two additional uncoordinated sites possessing differing degrees of Lewis acidity. Crystallographically determined host-guest relationships for simple sorbates demonstrate the favored sorption sites for N2, CO2, and CS2 molecules that reflect the chemical nature of both the framework and the sorbate species with the structural partitioning of the μ3-groups apparent in determining the favored sorption site of CS2. The two types of disorder found within 1 demonstrate the complexity of fluoride-containing RE-MOFs and highlight the possibility to tune this and other frameworks to contain different proportions and segregations of μ3-face-capping groups and degrees of linker disorder for specifically tailored applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. R.
Bonity J. Lutton-Gething
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ben F. Spencer
- Department
of Materials and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - George F. S. Whitehead
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Iñigo J. Vitorica-Yrezabal
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Martin P. Attfield
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lei F, Liu Q, Zhong Y, Cui X, Yu J, Hu Z, Feng G, Zeng Z, Lu T. Computational Insight into the Nature and Strength of the π-Hole Type Chalcogen∙∙∙Chalcogen Interactions in the XO 2∙∙∙CH 3YCH 3 Complexes (X = S, Se, Te; Y = O, S, Se, Te). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16193. [PMID: 38003384 PMCID: PMC10671658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the non-covalent interactions between chalcogen centers have aroused substantial research interest because of their potential applications in organocatalysis, materials science, drug design, biological systems, crystal engineering, and molecular recognition. However, studies on π-hole-type chalcogen∙∙∙chalcogen interactions are scarcely reported in the literature. Herein, the π-hole-type intermolecular chalcogen∙∙∙chalcogen interactions in the model complexes formed between XO2 (X = S, Se, Te) and CH3YCH3 (Y = O, S, Se, Te) were systematically studied by using quantum chemical computations. The model complexes are stabilized via one primary X∙∙∙Y chalcogen bond (ChB) and the secondary C-H∙∙∙O hydrogen bonds. The binding energies of the studied complexes are in the range of -21.6~-60.4 kJ/mol. The X∙∙∙Y distances are significantly smaller than the sum of the van der Waals radii of the corresponding two atoms. The X∙∙∙Y ChBs in all the studied complexes except for the SO2∙∙∙CH3OCH3 complex are strong in strength and display a partial covalent character revealed by conducting the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), a non-covalent interaction plot (NCIplot), and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses. The symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) analysis discloses that the X∙∙∙Y ChBs are primarily dominated by the electrostatic component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Lei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Qingyu Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Yeshuang Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xinai Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zuquan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Gang Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Zhu Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.); (J.Y.); (Z.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Radiush EA, Wang H, Chulanova EA, Ponomareva YA, Li B, Wei QY, Salnikov GE, Petrakova SY, Semenov NA, Zibarev AV. Halide Complexes of 5,6-Dicyano-2,1,3-Benzoselenadiazole with 1 : 4 Stoichiometry: Cooperativity between Chalcogen and Hydrogen Bonding. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300523. [PMID: 37750466 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The [M4 -Hal]- (M=the title compound; Hal=Cl, Br, and I) complexes were isolated in the form of salts of [Et4 N]+ cation and characterized by XRD, NMR, UV-Vis, DFT, QTAIM, EDD, and EDA. Their stoichiometry is caused by a cooperative interplay of σ-hole-driven chalcogen (ChB) and hydrogen (HB) bondings. In the crystal, [M4 -Hal]- are connected by the π-hole-driven ChB; overall, each [Hal]- is six-coordinated. In the ChB, the electrostatic interaction dominates over orbital and dispersion interactions. In UV-Vis spectra of the M+[Hal]- solutions, ChB-typical and [Hal]- -dependent charge-transfer bands are present; they reflect orbital interactions and allow identification of the individual [Hal]- . However, the structural situation in the solutions is not entirely clear. Particularly, the UV-Vis spectra of the solutions are different from the solid-state spectra of the [Et4 N]+ [M4 -Hal]- ; very tentatively, species in the solutions are assigned [M-Hal]- . It is supposed that the formation of the [M4 -Hal]- proceeds during the crystallization of the [Et4 N]+ [M4 -Hal]- . Overall, M can be considered as a chromogenic receptor and prototype sensor of [Hal]- . The findings are also useful for crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Radiush
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Elena A Chulanova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Current address: Institute for Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yana A Ponomareva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, National Research University - Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Bin Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Yu Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Georgy E Salnikov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana Yu Petrakova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Semenov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V Zibarev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yan J, Zeng Y, Meng L, Li X, Zhang X. Gold(III) derivatives as the noncovalent interaction donors: theoretical study of the π-hole regium bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:29155-29164. [PMID: 37870082 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Except for the well-known σ-hole regium bonds formed by metal nanoparticles and M(I) (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) derivatives, the existence of π-hole regions located above and below the Au atom in gold(III) derivatives suggests that gold(III) also functions as an efficient electrophilic site. In this study, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the electrophilicity of trichloro-(p-toluonitrilo-N)-gold(III) derivatives AuL3(NCC6H4X) (L = Cl, Br, CN; X = NH2, CH3, CF3, NC, and CN) and the nature of π-hole regium bonds in the AuL3(NCC6H4X)⋯LB (LB = NH3, N(NH3)3, CH2O, C2H2, C2H4, C6H6) and (AuCl3(NCC6H4Y))n (Y = Cl, CN, NC, NO2; n = 2, 3)) complexes. The characteristics of the π-hole regium bonds were studied with respect to the influence of ligands and substituents, the strength of intermolecular interactions between Au(III) derivatives and Lewis bases, and those in the polymers. In the case of the AuL3(NCC6H4X)⋯NH3 complexes, the strength of the regium bonds increases gradually in the order of L = Cl < Br < CN and X = NH2 < CH3 < CF3 ≈ NC < CN. The ligands (L) attached to the Au atom exert a significant effect on the strength of the π-hole regium bonds in comparison to the substituents (X) on the benzene ring. The regium bonds are primarily dominated by electrostatic interaction, accompanied by moderate contribution from polarization. Linear relationships were identified between the electrostatic energies and the local most positive potentials over the Au atom, as well as between the polarization energies and the amount of charge transfer. Most of the π-hole regium bonds in the AuL3(NCC6H4X)⋯LB complexes exhibit the characters of closed shell noncovalent interactions. In the polymers (AuCl3(NCC6H4Y))n, weak face-to-face π-π stacking interactions are also present, in addition to regium bonds. The trimers displayed a slightly negative cooperativity in comparison to the dimers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Yan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Yanli Zeng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China
| | - Lingpeng Meng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Krafft MP, Riess JG. About Perfluoropolyhedranes, Their Electron-Accepting Ability and Questionable Supramolecular Hosting Capacity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302942. [PMID: 37208990 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Polyhedral molecules are appealing for their eye-catching architecture and distinctive chemistry. Perfluorination of such, often greatly strained, compounds is a momentous challenge. It drastically changes the electron distribution, structure and properties. Notably, small high-symmetry perfluoropolyhedranes feature a centrally located, star-shaped low-energy unoccupied molecular orbital that can host an extra electron within the polyhedral frame, thus producing a radical anion, without loss of symmetry. This predicted electron-hosting capacity was definitively established for perfluorocubane, the first perfluorinated Platonic polyhedrane to be isolated pure. Hosting atoms, molecules, or ions in such "cage" structures is, however, all but forthright, if not illusionary, offering no easy access to supramolecular constructs. While adamantane and cubane have fostered numerous applications in materials science, medicine, and biology, specific uses for their perfluorinated counterparts remain to be established. Some aspects of highly fluorinated carbon allotropes, such as fullerenes and graphite, are briefly mentioned for context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pierre Krafft
- Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess., 67034, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jean G Riess
- Harangoutte Institute, 68160, Ste-Croix-aux-Mines, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khera M, Anchal, Goel N. Ligand and Substituent Effect on Regium-π Bonding in Cu and Ag π-Conjugated Complexes: A Density Functional Study. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:6953-6961. [PMID: 37558247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory investigation of regium (Rg)-π bonding using the RgL-X model system, where Rg = Cu and Ag; L = CN, NO2, and OH; X = π-conjugated system (benzene, cyanobenzene, benzoic acid, pyridine, 2-methoxy aniline, 1,4-dimethoxy benzene, and cyclophane), has been performed. Conclusive evidence of the Rg-π bond has been provided by analysis of molecular electrostatic potential surfaces, Rg-π bond length, interaction energy (ΔE), second-order perturbation energy (E2), charge transfer (Δq), quantum theory of atom in molecules, and noncovalent interaction plots for 42 structural arrangements with varying ligands and the substituted aromatic ring. The Rg-π bond length in the optimized model systems varies from 2.03 to 2.12 Å in Cu complexes (1-21) and from 2.26 to 2.38 Å in Ag complexes (22-42) at the PBE0-D3 functional. While the ligand (L) attached to the Rg metal has a bargaining effect on the strength of the Rg-π bond (in the order of -OH > -CN = -NO2), the π-conjugated systems have a diminutive effect. Two X-ray crystal structures (CUCSOI and AHIDQU) having the Rg-π bond, accessed from Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC), are discussed here to signify the influence of Rg-π bonding on the crystal structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Khera
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Anchal
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neetu Goel
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Substituent Effects in Tetrel Bonds Involving Aromatic Silane Derivatives: An ab initio Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052385. [PMID: 36903636 PMCID: PMC10004842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript substituent effects in several silicon tetrel bonding (TtB) complexes were investigated at the RI-MP2/def2-TZVP level of theory. Particularly, we have analysed how the interaction energy is influenced by the electronic nature of the substituent in both donor and acceptor moieties. To achieve that, several tetrafluorophenyl silane derivatives have been substituted at the meta and para positions by several electron donating and electron withdrawing groups (EDG and EWG, respectively), such as -NH2, -OCH3, -CH3, -H, -CF3 and -CN substituents. As electron donor molecules, we have used a series of hydrogen cyanide derivatives using the same EDGs and EWGs. We have obtained the Hammett's plots for different combinations of donors and acceptors and in all cases we have obtained good regression plots (interaction energies vs. Hammet's σ parameter). In addition, we have used the electrostatic potential (ESP) surface analysis as well as the Bader's theory of atoms in molecules (AIM) and noncovalent interaction plot (NCI plot) techniques to further characterize the TtBs studied herein. Finally, a Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) inspection was carried out, retrieving several structures where halogenated aromatic silanes participate in tetrel bonding interactions, being an additional stabilization force of their supramolecular architectures.
Collapse
|
11
|
Novikov AS, Bolotin DS. Xenon Derivatives as Aerogen Bond-Donating Catalysts for Organic Transformations: A Theoretical Study on the Metaphorical "Spherical Cow in a Vacuum" Provides Insights into Noncovalent Organocatalysis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1936-1944. [PMID: 35679603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Computations indicate that cationic and noncharged xenon derivatives should exhibit higher catalytic activity than their iodine-based noncovalent organocatalytic congeners. Perfluorophenyl xenonium(II) is expected to demonstrate the best balance between catalytic activity and chemical stability for use in organocatalysis. Comparing its catalytic activity with that of isoelectronic perfluoroiodobenzene indicates that the high catalytic activity of cationic noncovalent organocatalysts is predominantly attributed to the electrostatic interactions with the reaction substrates, which cause the polarization of ligated species during the reaction progress. In contrast, the electron transfer and covalent contributions to the bonding between the catalyst and substrate have negligible effects. The dominant effect of electrostatic interactions results in a strong negative correlation between the calculated Gibbs free energies of activation for the modeled reactions and the highest potentials of the σ-holes on the central atoms of the catalysts. No such correlation is observed for noncharged catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mazumder LJ, Sharma R, Yashmin F, Sharma PK. Beryllium bonding with noble gas atoms. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:644-655. [PMID: 36394306 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to investigate the nature of the bonding between a neutral Be3 ring and noble gas atom. Electronic structure calculation for these complexes was carried out at different computational levels in association with natural bond orbital, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, electron localization function, symmetry adapted perturbation theory, and molecular electrostatic potential surface analysis of Be3 complexes. The Be atoms in the Be3 moiety are chemically bonded to one another, with the BeBe bond dissociation energy being ~125 kJ mol-1 . The Be3 ring interacts with the noble gases through non-covalent interactions. The binding energies of the noble gas atoms with the Be3 ring increases with increase in their atomic number. The non-covalent interaction index, density overlap region indicator and independent gradient model analyses reveal the presence of non-covalent inter-fragment interactions in the complexes. Energy decomposition analysis reveals that dispersion plays the major role towards stabilizing these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohan Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Farnaz Yashmin
- Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Baykov SV, Ivanov DM, Kasatkina SO, Galmés B, Frontera A, Resnati G, Kukushkin VY. Stacking Interactions: A Supramolecular Approach to Upgrade Weak Halogen Bond Donors. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201869. [PMID: 36178324 PMCID: PMC10099561 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The co-crystallization of tetracyanobenzene (TCB) with haloarenes ArX provided six new co-crystals TCB ⋅ ArX (ArX=PhCl, PhBr, 4-MeC6 H4 Cl, 4-MeC6 H4 Br, 4-MeOC6 H4 Cl, 1,2-Br2 C6 H4 ) which were studied by X-ray diffraction. In these systems, the strong collective effect of π⋅⋅⋅π stacking interactions and lone pair-(X)⋅⋅⋅π-hole-(C) bondings between TCB and ArX promote the strength of X⋅⋅⋅Ncyano halogen bonding (HaB). Theoretical studies showed that the stacking interactions affect the σ-hole depth of the haloarenes, thus significantly boosting their ability to function as HaB donors. According to the molecular electrostatic potential calculations, the σ- hole-(Cl) value (1.5 kcal/mol) in the haloarene 4-MeOC6 H4 Cl (featuring an electron-rich arene moiety and exhibiting very poor σ-hole-(Cl) ability) increases significantly in the stacked trimer (TCB)2 ⋅ 4-MeOC6 H4 Cl (12.5 kcal/mol). Theoretical DFT calculations demonstrate the dramatic increase of X⋅⋅⋅Ncyano HaB strength for stacked trimers in comparison with parent unstacked haloarenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Baykov
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State University7/9 Universitetskaya Nab.Saint Petersburg199034Russian Federation
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical SciencesTomsk Polytechnic UniversityTomsk634034Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M. Ivanov
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State University7/9 Universitetskaya Nab.Saint Petersburg199034Russian Federation
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical SciencesTomsk Polytechnic UniversityTomsk634034Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana O. Kasatkina
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State University7/9 Universitetskaya Nab.Saint Petersburg199034Russian Federation
| | - Bartomeu Galmés
- Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCrta de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de Mallorca, BalearesSpain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCrta de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de Mallorca, BalearesSpain
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical SciencesTomsk Polytechnic UniversityTomsk634034Russian Federation
- NFMLabDepartment of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering“Giulio Natta Politecnico di Milano”via Mancinelli 7I-20131MilanoItaly
| | - Vadim Y. Kukushkin
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State University7/9 Universitetskaya Nab.Saint Petersburg199034Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bhattacharjee T, Adhikari S, Sheikh AH, Mahmoudi G, Mlowe S, Akerman MP, Choudhury NA, Chakraborty S, Butcher RJ, Kennedy AR, Demir BS, Örs A, Saygideger Y. Syntheses, crystal structures, theoretical studies, and anticancer properties of an unsymmetrical schiff base ligand N-2-(6-methylpyridyl)-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldimine and its Ni(II) complex. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
15
|
Aliyarova IS, Tupikina EY, Soldatova NS, Ivanov DM, Postnikov PS, Yusubov M, Kukushkin VY. Halogen Bonding Involving Gold Nucleophiles in Different Oxidation States. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15398-15407. [PMID: 36137295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) study of diaryliodonium tetrachloroaurates (or, in the recent terminology, tetrachloridoaurates), [(p-XC6H4)2I][AuCl4] (X = Cl, 1; Br, 2), was performed for 1 (the structure is denoted as 1a to show similarity with the isomorphic structure 2a) and two polymorphs─2a (obtained from MeOH) and 2b (from 1,2-C2H4Cl2). Examination of the XRD data for these three structures revealed 2-center C-X···AuIII (X = Cl and Br) and 3-center bifurcated C-Br···(Cl-Au) halogen bonding (abbreviated as XB) between the p-Cl or p-Br atoms of the diaryliodonium cations and the gold(III) atom of [AuCl4]-. The noncovalent nature of AuIII-involving interactions, the nucleophilicity of the gold(III) atoms, and the electrophilic role of p-X atoms of the diaryliodonium cations in the XBs were studied by a set of complementary computational methods. Combined experimental and theoretical studies allowed the recognition of the d-nucleophilicity of the [d8AuIII] atom which, regardless of its rather substantial formal 3+ charge, can function as a d-nucleophilic partner of XB. This conclusion was also supported by theoretical calculations performed for the structures' refcodes BINXOM and ICSD 62511; the obtained data verified the nucleophilicity of AuIII toward a K+ ions or a σ-(Cl)-hole, respectively. All our results, together with consideration of relevant literature, indicate that gold atoms in the three oxidation states (0, I, and even III) exhibit nucleophilicity in XBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina S Aliyarova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Yu Tupikina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia S Soldatova
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel S Postnikov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation.,Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Mekhman Yusubov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, 656049 Barnaul, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Novikov AS, Bolotin DS. Halonium, chalconium, and pnictonium salts as noncovalent organocatalysts: a computational study on relative catalytic activity. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7632-7639. [PMID: 36111866 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01415g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This theoretical study sheds light on the relative catalytic activity of pnictonium, chalconium, and halonium salts in reactions involving elimination of chloride and electrophilic activation of a carbonyl group. DFT calculations indicate that for cationic aromatic onium salts, values of the electrostatic potential on heteroatom σ-holes gradually increase from pnictogen- to halogen-containing species. The higher values of the potential on the halogen atoms of halonium salts result in the overall higher catalytic activity of these species, but in the case of pnictonium and chalconium cations, weak interactions from the side groups provide an additional stabilization effect on the reaction transition states. Based upon quantum-chemical calculations, the catalytic activity of phosphonium(V) and arsenonium(V) salts is expected to be too low to obtain effective noncovalent organocatalytic compounds, whereas stibonium(V), telluronium(IV) and iodonium(III) salts exhibit higher potential in application as noncovalent organocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation. .,Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, Bldg. A, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Wysokinski R, Zierkiewicz W, Michalczyk M, Scheiner S. Competition between Intra and Intermolecular Pnicogen Bonds. Complexes between Naphthalene Derivatives and Neutral or Anionic Bases. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200173. [PMID: 35385595 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The PnF 2 (Pn=P,As,Sb,Bi) on a naphthalene scaffold can engage in an internal pnicogen Pn···N bond (PnB) with a NH 2 group placed close to it on the adjoining ring. An approaching neutral NH 3 molecule can engage in a second PnB with the central Pn, which tends to weaken the intramolecular bond. The presence of the latter in turn weakens the intermolecular PnB with respect to that formed in its absence. Replacement of the external NH 3 by a CN - anion causes a fundamental change in the bonding pattern, producing a fourth covalent bond with Pn, which rearranges into a trigonal bipyramidal motif. This addition disrupts the internal Pn···N pnicogen bond, recasting the PnF 2 ···NH 2 interaction into a NH···F H-bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Wysokinski
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, POLAND
| | - Wiktor Zierkiewicz
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology: Politechnika Wroclawska, Chemistry Department, POLAND
| | - Mariusz Michalczyk
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology: Politechnika Wroclawska, Chemistry Department, POLAND
| | - Steve Scheiner
- Utah State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chauhan P, Javed S, Levendis DC, Fernandes M. Hydrophobicity directed guest-inclusion for structure-elucidation of enclatherated guests within a crystalline sponge by SC-XRD. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
20
|
Zaki YH, Abdelhamid AO, Sayed AR, Mohamed HS. Synthesis of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives Using Hydrazonoyl Bromide: Molecular Docking and Computational Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2027791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser H. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni‑Suef, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Humanity Studies at Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Al-Quwayiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdelwahed R. Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni‑Suef, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein S. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (RIMAB), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, Higher Technological Institute in Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Aliyarova IS, Tupikina EY, Ivanov DM, Kukushkin VY. Metal-Involving Halogen Bonding Including Gold(I) as a Nucleophilic Partner. The Case of Isomorphic Dichloroaurate(I)·Halomethane Cocrystals. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2558-2567. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina S. Aliyarova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Yu. Tupikina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M. Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, Barnaul 656049, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Frontera A, Bauza A. On the Importance of Pnictogen and Chalcogen Bonding Interactions in Supramolecular Catalysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12550. [PMID: 34830432 PMCID: PMC8623369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, several examples of the application of pnictogen (Pn) (group 15) and chalcogen (Ch) bonding (group 16) interactions in organocatalytic processes are gathered, backed up with Molecular Electrostatic Potential surfaces of model systems. Despite the fact that the use of catalysts based on pnictogen and chalcogen bonding interactions is taking its first steps, it should be considered and used by the scientific community as a novel, promising tool in the field of organocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Bauza
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ivanov DM, Bokach NA, Yu Kukushkin V, Frontera A. Metal Centers as Nucleophiles: Oxymoron of Halogen Bond-Involving Crystal Engineering. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103173. [PMID: 34623005 PMCID: PMC9298210 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights recent studies discovering unconventional halogen bonding (HaB) that involves positively charged metal centers. These centers provide their filled d‐orbitals for HaB, and thus behave as nucleophilic components toward the noncovalent interaction. This role of some electron‐rich transition metal centers can be considered an oxymoron in the sense that the metal is, in most cases, formally cationic; consequently, its electron donor function is unexpected. The importance of Ha⋅⋅⋅d‐[M] (Ha=halogen; M is Group 9 (Rh, Ir), 10 (Ni, Pd, Pt), or 11 (Cu, Au)) interactions in crystal engineering is emphasized by showing remarkable examples (reported and uncovered by our processing of the Cambridge Structural Database), where this Ha⋅⋅⋅d‐[M] directional interaction guides the formation of solid supramolecular assemblies of different dimensionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniil M Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.,Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, Barnaul, 656049, Russian Federation
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), 07122, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Elements from groups 14–18 and periods 3–6 commonly behave as Lewis acids, which are involved in directional noncovalent interactions (NCI) with electron-rich species (lone pair donors), π systems (aromatic rings, triple and double bonds) as well as nonnucleophilic anions (BF4−, PF6−, ClO4−, etc.). Moreover, elements of groups 15 to 17 are also able to act as Lewis bases (from one to three available lone pairs, respectively), thus presenting a dual character. These emerging NCIs where the main group element behaves as Lewis base, belong to the σ–hole family of interactions. Particularly (i) tetrel bonding for elements belonging to group 14, (ii) pnictogen bonding for group 15, (iii) chalcogen bonding for group 16, (iv) halogen bonding for group 17, and (v) noble gas bondings for group 18. In general, σ–hole interactions exhibit different features when moving along the same group (offering larger and more positive σ–holes) or the same row (presenting a different number of available σ–holes and directionality) of the periodic table. This is illustrated in this review by using several examples retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD), especially focused on σ–hole interactions, complemented with molecular electrostatic potential surfaces of model systems.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sysoeva AA, Novikov AS, Il'in MV, Suslonov VV, Bolotin DS. Predicting the catalytic activity of azolium-based halogen bond donors: an experimentally-verified theoretical study. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7611-7620. [PMID: 34323914 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01158h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This report demonstrates the successful application of electrostatic surface potential distribution analysis for evaluating the relative catalytic activity of a series of azolium-based halogen bond donors. A strong correlation (R2 > 0.97) was observed between the positive electrostatic potential of the σ-hole on the halogen atom and the Gibbs free energy of activation of the model reactions (i.e., halogen abstraction and carbonyl activation). The predictive ability of the applied approach was confirmed experimentally. It was also determined that the catalytic activity of azolium-based halogen bond donors was generally governed by the structure of the azolium cycle, whereas the substituents on the heterocycle had a limited impact on the activity. Ultimately, this study highlighted four of the most promising azolium halogen bond donors, which are expected to exhibit high catalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A Sysoeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail V Il'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Vitalii V Suslonov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Klahn EA, Damgaard-Møller E, Krause L, Kibalin I, Gukasov A, Tripathi S, Swain A, Shanmugam M, Overgaard J. Quantifying magnetic anisotropy using X-ray and neutron diffraction. IUCRJ 2021; 8:833-841. [PMID: 34584744 PMCID: PMC8420765 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252521008290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the magnetic anisotropy in two iso-structural distorted tetrahedral Co(II) complexes, CoX 2tmtu2 [X = Cl(1) and Br(2), tmtu = tetra-methyl-thio-urea] is investigated, using a combination of polarized neutron diffraction (PND), very low-temperature high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction and CASSCF/NEVPT2 ab initio calculations. Here, it was found consistently among all methods that the compounds have an easy axis of magnetization pointing nearly along the bis-ector of the compression angle, with minute deviations between PND and theory. Importantly, this work represents the first derivation of the atomic susceptibility tensor based on powder PND for a single-molecule magnet and the comparison thereof with ab initio calculations and high-resolution X-ray diffraction. Theoretical ab initio ligand field theory (AILFT) analysis finds the d xy orbital to be stabilized relative to the d xz and d yz orbitals, thus providing the intuitive explanation for the presence of a negative zero-field splitting parameter, D, from coupling and thus mixing of d xy and . Experimental d-orbital populations support this interpretation, showing in addition that the metal-ligand covalency is larger for Br-ligated 2 than for Cl-ligated 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emil Andreasen Klahn
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Emil Damgaard-Møller
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Lennard Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Iurii Kibalin
- LLB, CEA, CE de Saclay, Gif sur Yvette 91191, France
| | - Arsen Gukasov
- LLB, CEA, CE de Saclay, Gif sur Yvette 91191, France
| | - Shalini Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | | | - Jacob Overgaard
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Parman E, Lõkov M, Järviste R, Tshepelevitsh S, Semenov NA, Chulanova EA, Salnikov GE, Prima DO, Slizhov YG, Leito I, Zibarev AV. Acid-Base and Anion Binding Properties of Tetrafluorinated 1,3-Benzodiazole, 1,2,3-Benzotriazole and 2,1,3-Benzoselenadiazole. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2329-2335. [PMID: 34397136 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The influence of fluorination on the acid-base properties and the capacity of structurally related 6-5 bicyclic compounds - 1,3-benzodiazole 1, 1,2,3-benzotriazole 2 and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole 3 to σ-hole interactions, i. e. hydrogen (1 and 2) and chalcogen (3) bondings, is studied experimentally and computationally. The tetrafluorination increases the Brønsted acidity of the diazole and triazole scaffolds and the Lewis acidity of selenadiazole scaffold decreases the basicity. Increased Brønsted acidity facilitates anion binding via the formation of hydrogen bonds; particularly, tetrafluorinated derivative of 1 (compound 4) binds Cl- . Increased Lewis acidity of tetrafluorinated derivative of 3 (compound 10), however, is not enough for binding with Cl- and F- via chalcogen bonds in contrast to previously studied Te analog of 10. It is suggested that the maximum positive values of molecular electrostatic potential at the σ-holes, VS,max , can be a reasonable metric for design and synthesis of new anion receptors with selenadiazole-diazole/triazole hybrids as a special target. Related chlorinated compounds are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Parman
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Märt Lõkov
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Robert Järviste
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sofja Tshepelevitsh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nikolay A Semenov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena A Chulanova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Georgy E Salnikov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Darya O Prima
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Present address: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Avenue, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri G Slizhov
- Department of Chemistry, National Research University - Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Avenue, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ivo Leito
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrey V Zibarev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
It follows from the Schrödinger equation that the forces operating within molecules and molecular complexes are Coulombic, which necessarily entails both electrostatics and polarization. A common and important class of molecular complexes is due to π-holes. These are molecular regions of low electronic density that are perpendicular to planar portions of the molecular frameworks. π-Holes often have positive electrostatic potentials associated with them, which result in mutually polarizing attractive forces with negative sites such as lone pairs, π electrons or anions. In many molecules, π-holes correspond to a flattening of the electronic density surface but in benzene derivatives and in polyazines the π-holes are craters above and below the rings. The interaction energies of π-hole complexes can be expressed quite well in terms of regression relationships that account for both the electrostatics and the polarization. There is a marked gradation in the interaction energies, from quite weak (about -2 kcal mol-1) to relatively strong (about -40 kcal mol-1). Gradations are also evident in the ratios of the intermolecular separations to the sums of the respective van der Waals radii and in the gradual transition of the π-hole atoms from trigonal to quasi-tetrahedral configurations. These trends are consistent with the concept that chemical interactions form a continuum, from very weak to very strong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Politzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Naghani FF, Emamian S, Zare K. Exploring influence of fluorine substitution on the strength and nature of halogen bond between iodobenzene and hydrogen cyanide. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeedreza Emamian
- Chemistry Department, Shahrood Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrood Iran
| | - Karim Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhao C, Lin H, Shan A, Guo S, Li X, Zhang X. Theoretical study on the noncovalent interactions involving triplet diphenylcarbene. J Mol Model 2021; 27:224. [PMID: 34244865 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The properties of some types of noncovalent interactions formed by triplet diphenylcarbene (DPC3) have been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and quantum theory of atoms in molecule (QTAIM) studies. The DPC3···LA (LA = AlF3, SiF4, PF5, SF2, ClF) complexes have been analyzed from their equilibrium geometries, binding energies, and properties of electron density. The triel bond in the DPC3···AlF3 complex exhibits a partially covalent nature, with the binding energy - 65.7 kJ/mol. The tetrel bond, pnicogen bond, chalcogen bond, and halogen bond in the DPC3···LA (LA = SiF4, PF5, SF2, ClF) complexes show the character of a weak closed-shell noncovalent interaction. Polarization plays an important role in the formation of the studied complexes. The strength of intermolecular interaction decreases in the order LA = AlF3 > ClF > SF2 > SiF4 > PF5. The electron spin density transfers from the radical DPC3 to ClF and SF2 in the formation of halogen bond and chalcogen bond, but for the DPC3···AlF3/SiF4/PF5 complexes, the transfer of electron spin density is minimal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Zhao
- Huihua College of Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiting Shan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofu Guo
- Huihua College of Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shen S, Jing X, Zhang X, Li X, Zeng Y. The competition and cooperativity of hydrogen/halogen bond and π-hole bond involving the heteronuclear ethylene analogues. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:908-916. [PMID: 33729600 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The noncovalent interactions involving heteronuclear ethylene analogues H2 CEH2 (E = Si, Ge and Sn) have been studied by the Møller-Plesset perturbation theory to investigate the competition and cooperativity between the hydrogen/halogen bond and π-hole bond. H2 CEH2 has a dual role of being a Lewis base and acid with the region of π-electron accumulation above the carbon atom and the region of π-electron depletion (π-hole) above the E atom to participate in the NCX···CE (X = H and Cl) hydrogen/halogen bond and CE···NCY (Y = H, Cl, Li and Na) π-hole bond, respectively. When HCN/ClCN interacts with H2 CEH2 by two sites, the strength of hydrogen bond/halogen bond is stronger than that of π-hole bond. The π-hole bond becomes obviously stronger when the metal substituent of YCN (Y = Li and Na) interacting with H2 CEH2 , showing the character of partial covalent, its strength is much greater than that of hydrogen/halogen bond. In the ternary complexes, both hydrogen/halogen bond and π-hole bond are simultaneously strengthened compared to those in the binary complexes, especially in the systems containing alkali metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Shen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinyue Jing
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-Materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-Materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-Materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen J, Wang H, Kisiel Z, Gou Q, Caminati W. Hydrogen versus tetrel bonds in complexes of 3-oxetanone with water and formaldehyde. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:7295-7301. [PMID: 33876089 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00239b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability and preference of 3-oxetanone to form hydrogen or tetrel bonds have been investigated in its complexes with water and formaldehyde by using Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy complemented with quantum chemical calculations. Different types of interactions and internal dynamics have been observed in the targeted complexes. With water, the ether oxygen of 3-oxetanone is the favoured interaction site forming a classical O-HO hydrogen bond. Quite differently, the carbonyl group of 3-oxetanone plays the dual role as a tetrel donor and a proton acceptor in the 3-oxetanone-formaldehyde complex, featuring the CO tetrel bond and C-HO weak hydrogen bond interactions. Splittings originated from the internal rotation of formaldehyde around its C2 axis were also observed. The V2 barrier was estimated to be 375(10) cm-1 based on Meyer's one-dimensional flexible model. The changes in geometries and electronic densities upon complexation would shed light on the impact of archetype solvent and organic substrate molecules on the reactivity of 3-oxetanone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Rd, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Eliseeva A, Ivanov DM, Rozhkov AV, Ananyev IV, Frontera A, Kukushkin VY. Bifurcated Halogen Bonding Involving Two Rhodium(I) Centers as an Integrated σ-Hole Acceptor. JACS AU 2021; 1:354-361. [PMID: 34467299 PMCID: PMC8395620 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The complexes [RhX(COD)]2 (X = Cl, Br; COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) form cocrystals with σ-hole iodine donors. X-ray diffraction studies and extensive theoretical considerations indicate that the d z 2-orbitals of two positively charged rhodium(I) centers provide sufficient nucleophilicity to form a three-center halogen bond (XB) with the σ-hole donors. The two metal centers function as an integrated XB acceptor, providing assembly via a metal-involving XB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya
A. Eliseeva
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M. Ivanov
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anton V. Rozhkov
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- A.
N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova St. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department
of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crts de Valldemossa km. 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), Spain
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory
of Crystal Engineering of Functional Materials, South Ural State University, Lenin Av. 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Peluso P, Dessì A, Dallocchio R, Sechi B, Gatti C, Chankvetadze B, Mamane V, Weiss R, Pale P, Aubert E, Cossu S. Enantioseparation of 5,5'-Dibromo-2,2'-Dichloro-3-Selanyl-4,4'-Bipyridines on Polysaccharide-Based Chiral Stationary Phases: Exploring Chalcogen Bonds in Liquid-Phase Chromatography. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26010221. [PMID: 33406753 PMCID: PMC7794968 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The chalcogen bond (ChB) is a noncovalent interaction based on electrophilic features of regions of electron charge density depletion (σ-holes) located on bound atoms of group VI. The σ-holes of sulfur and heavy chalcogen atoms (Se, Te) (donors) can interact through their positive electrostatic potential (V) with nucleophilic partners such as lone pairs, π-clouds, and anions (acceptors). In the last few years, promising applications of ChBs in catalysis, crystal engineering, molecular biology, and supramolecular chemistry have been reported. Recently, we explored the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) enantioseparation of fluorinated 3-arylthio-4,4′-bipyridines containing sulfur atoms as ChB donors. Following this study, herein we describe the comparative enantioseparation of three 5,5′-dibromo-2,2′-dichloro-3-selanyl-4,4′-bipyridines on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs) aiming to understand function and potentialities of selenium σ-holes in the enantiodiscrimination process. The impact of the chalcogen substituent on enantioseparation was explored by using sulfur and non-chalcogen derivatives as reference substances for comparison. Our investigation also focused on the function of the perfluorinated aromatic ring as a π-hole donor recognition site. Thermodynamic quantities associated with the enantioseparation were derived from van’t Hoff plots and local electron charge density of specific molecular regions of the interacting partners were inspected in terms of calculated V. On this basis, by correlating theoretical data and experimental results, the participation of ChBs and π-hole bonds in the enantiodiscrimination process was reasonably confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Secondary Branch of Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.D.); (R.D.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (V.M.); Tel.: +39-079-2841218 (P.P.); +33-3-68851612 (V.M.)
| | - Alessandro Dessì
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Secondary Branch of Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.D.); (R.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Secondary Branch of Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.D.); (R.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Barbara Sechi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB, CNR, Secondary Branch of Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.D.); (R.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Carlo Gatti
- CNR-SCITEC, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, sezione di via Golgi, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia;
| | - Victor Mamane
- Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry, UMR CNRS 7177, Team LASYROC, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, University of Strasbourg, 67008 Strasbourg CEDEX, France; (R.W.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (V.M.); Tel.: +39-079-2841218 (P.P.); +33-3-68851612 (V.M.)
| | - Robin Weiss
- Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry, UMR CNRS 7177, Team LASYROC, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, University of Strasbourg, 67008 Strasbourg CEDEX, France; (R.W.); (P.P.)
| | - Patrick Pale
- Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry, UMR CNRS 7177, Team LASYROC, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, University of Strasbourg, 67008 Strasbourg CEDEX, France; (R.W.); (P.P.)
| | - Emmanuel Aubert
- Crystallography, Magnetic Resonance and Modelling (CRM2), UMR CNRS 7036, University of Lorraine, Bd des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France;
| | - Sergio Cossu
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems DSMN, Venice Ca’ Foscari University, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre Venezia, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tiekink ERT. Supramolecular architectures sustained by delocalised C–I⋯π(arene) interactions in molecular crystals and the propensity of their formation. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01677b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A survey of delocalised C–I⋯π(chelate ring) interactions is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials
- School of Science and Technology
- Sunway University
- Bandar Sunway
- Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mondal I, Frontera A, Chattopadhyay S. On the importance of RH 3C⋯N tetrel bonding interactions in the solid state of a dinuclear zinc complex with a tetradentate Schiff base ligand. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01864c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tetrel bonding and π-stacking interactions in a new dinuclear zinc complex using a tetradentate N2O2 donor Schiff base have been analysed energetically using DFT calculations and several computational tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Section
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata - 700032
- India
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Quimica
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wysokiński R, Michalczyk M, Zierkiewicz W, Scheiner S. Anion-anion and anion-neutral triel bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4818-4828. [PMID: 33605957 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability of a TrCl4- anion (Tr = Al, Ga, In, Tl) to engage in a triel bond with both a neutral NH3 and CN- anion is assessed by ab initio quantum calculations in both the gas phase and in aqueous medium. Despite the absence of a positive σ or π-hole on the Lewis acid, strong triel bonds can be formed with either base. The complexation involves an internal restructuring of the tetrahedral TrCl4- monomer into a trigonal bipyramid shape, where the base can occupy either an axial or equatorial position. Although this rearrangement requires a substantial investment of energy, it aids the complexation by imparting a much more positive MEP to the site that is to be occupied by the base. Complexation with the neutral base is exothermic in the gas phase and even more so in water where interaction energies can exceed 30 kcal mol-1. Despite the long-range coulombic repulsion between any pair of anions, CN- can also engage in a strong triel bond with TrCl4-. In the gas phase, complexation is endothermic, but dissociation of the metastable dimer is obstructed by an energy barrier. The situation is entirely different in solution, with large negative interaction energies of as much as -50 kcal mol-1. The complexation remains an exothermic process even after the large monomer deformation energy is factored in.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Wysokiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Michalczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Wiktor Zierkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gomila RM, Bauzá A, Mooibroek TJ, Frontera A. Spodium bonding in five coordinated Zn(ii): a new player in crystal engineering? CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00221j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This highlight evidences the existence and importance of spodium bonds (SpB) in solid state structures involving five-coordinated square-pyramidal Zn(ii) spodium atom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Gomila
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- Serveis Científico-Tècnics
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| | - Tiddo J. Mooibroek
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- 1098 XH Amsterdam
- Netherlands
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yunusova SN, Bolotin DS, Vovk MA, Tolstoy PM, Kukushkin VY. Tetrabromomethane as an Organic Catalyst: a Kinetic Study of CBr
4
‐Catalyzed Schiff Condensation. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevilya N. Yunusova
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S. Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A. Vovk
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Peter M. Tolstoy
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Crystal Engineering of Functional Materials South Ural State University 76, Lenin Av. 454080 Chelyabinsk Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Arjmand F, Khursheed S, Roisnel T, Siddique HR. Copper (II)-based halogen-substituted chromone antitumor drug entities: Studying biomolecular interactions with ct-DNA mediated by sigma hole formation and cytotoxicity activity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104327. [PMID: 33142405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Copper-based antitumor drug entities 1-3 derived from substituted (F-, Br-, -CH3) 3-formylchromone pharmacophore were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by spectroscopic and single X-ray crystallographic studies. These complexes show structural novelty due to presence of the X-bonds in chromone scaffold which could facilitate higher propensity for nucleic acids via sigma σ-hole interactions. Therefore, structure-activity relationship of 1-3 was studied by performing ct-DNA binding, pBR322 cleavage and cytotoxicity activity to validate their potential to act as chemotherapeutic drug entities. The binding studies of 1-3 with ct- DNA were carried out employing many biophysical techniques and the corroborative results of these experiments showed intercalation mode of binding and the order of binding was found to be 2 > 1 > 3. The structure of drug entities could facilitated strong halogen bonding interaction (in case of 1 &2) and stability of X bond was rationalized by sigma hole region of positive electrostatic potential on the surface of C-X covalent bond, as determined by gas phase B3LYP computational DFT studies. Interestingly, 2 exhibited most avid binding affinity due to presence of Br- electron withdrawing and polarizable group. Further, cleavage studies of 1-3 with pBR322 plasmid DNA were performed which demonstrated significant cleavage activity, the supercoiled form (Form I) of plasmid DNA was converted to nicked form (Form II) with the appearance of linearized form (Form III) in between two, implicating lethal double strand breaks of DNA. 2 showed predominantly higher cleavage activity following the similar trend as observed for binding studies. The cytotoxicity of the complexes 1-3 was evaluated by MTT assay against the human liver carcinoma (Huh-7) and prostate cancer (DU-145) cell lines; complex 2 exhibited specific and selective cytotoxicity for the DU-145 cancer cell line with LC50 value of 1.6 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farukh Arjmand
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
| | - Salman Khursheed
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, Universit́e de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu Batiment 10B, Bureau, 15335042 Rennes, France
| | - Hifzur R Siddique
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tetrel Bonding Interactions Involving Carbon at Work: Recent Advances in Crystal Engineering and Catalysis. Mol Vis 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/c6040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The σ- and π-hole interactions are used to define attractive forces involving elements of groups 12–18 of the periodic table acting as Lewis acids and any electron rich site (Lewis base, anion, and π-system). When the electrophilic atom belongs to group 14, the resulting interaction is termed a tetrel bond. In the first part of this feature paper, tetrel bonds formed in crystalline solids involving sp3-hybridized carbon atom are described and discussed by using selected structures retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database. The interaction is characterized by a strong directionality (close to linearity) due to the small size of the σ-hole in the C-atom opposite the covalently bonded electron withdrawing group. The second part describes the utilization of two allotropic forms of carbon (C60 and carbon nanotubes) as supramolecular catalysts based on anion–π interactions (π-hole tetrel bonding). This part emphasizes that the π-hole, which is considerably more accessible by nucleophiles than the σ-hole, can be conveniently used in supramolecular catalysis.
Collapse
|
43
|
Factors Impacting σ- and π-Hole Regions as Revealed by the Electrostatic Potential and Its Source Function Reconstruction: The Case of 4,4'-Bipyridine Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194409. [PMID: 32992941 PMCID: PMC7582854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive electrostatic potential (V) values are often associated with σ- and π-holes, regions of lower electron density which can interact with electron-rich sites to form noncovalent interactions. Factors impacting σ- and π-holes may thus be monitored in terms of the shape and values of the resulting V. Further precious insights into such factors are obtained through a rigorous decomposition of the V values in atomic or atomic group contributions, a task here achieved by extending the Bader-Gatti source function (SF) for the electron density to V. In this article, this general methodology is applied to a series of 4,4'-bipyridine derivatives containing atoms from Groups VI (S, Se) and VII (Cl, Br), and the pentafluorophenyl group acting as a π-hole. As these molecules are characterized by a certain degree of conformational freedom due to the possibility of rotation around the two C-Ch bonds, from two to four conformational motifs could be identified for each structure through conformational search. On this basis, the impact of chemical and conformational features on σ- and π-hole regions could be systematically evaluated by computing the V values on electron density isosurfaces (VS) and by comparing and dissecting in atomic/atomic group contributions the VS maxima (VS,max) values calculated for different molecular patterns. The results of this study confirm that both chemical and conformational features may seriously impact σ- and π-hole regions and provide a clear analysis and a rationale of why and how this influence is realized. Hence, the proposed methodology might offer precious clues for designing changes in the σ- and π-hole regions, aimed at affecting their potential involvement in noncovalent interactions in a desired way.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chandra S, Suryaprasad B, Ramanathan N, Sundararajan K. Dominance of unique Pπ phosphorus bonding with π donors: evidence using matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and computational methodology. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20771-20791. [PMID: 32909555 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02880k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Albeit the first account of hypervalentπ interactions has been reported with halogenπ interactions, the feasibility of their extension to other hypervalent atoms as possible Lewis acids is still open. In this work, the role of phosphorus as an acceptor from the π electron cloud (Pπ pnicogen or phosphorus bonding) in PCl3-C2H2 and PCl3-C2H4 heterodimers is explored, by combining matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy with ab initio and DFT computational methodologies. The respective potential energy surfaces of the PCl3-C2H2 and PCl3-C2H4 heterodimers reveal unique minima stabilized by a concert of reasonably strong to weak interactions, of which Pπ phosphorus bonding was energetically dominant. Heterodimers, trimers and tetramers bound primarily by this unique phosphorus bond were generated at low temperatures. The dominance of phosphorus bonding in the PCl3-C2H2 and PCl3-C2H4 heterodimers over other interactions (such as Hπ, HCl, HP, Clπ and lone pair-π interactions) was confirmed and substantiated using extended quantum theory of atoms in molecules, natural bond orbital, electrostatic potential mapping and energy decomposition analyses. The following inferences in correlation with results from non-covalent-interaction analysis offer a complete understanding of the nature of the Pπ phosphorus bonding interactions. The significance of electrostatic forces kinetically favoring the formation of phosphorus bonded heterodimers, in addition to thermodynamic stabilization, is demonstrated experimentally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swaroop Chandra
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - B Suryaprasad
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - N Ramanathan
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K Sundararajan
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Malek Zadeh S, Astani EK, Wang ZC, Adhikari K, Rattinam R, Li TL. Theoretical Study of Intermolecular Interactions between Critical Residues of Membrane Protein MraY AA and Promising Antibiotic Muraymycin D2. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22739-22749. [PMID: 32954121 PMCID: PMC7495448 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide translocase (MraYAA) from Aquifex aeolicus is the binding target for the nucleotide antibiotic muraymycin D2 (MD2). MraYAA in the presence of the MD2 ligand has been crystallized and released, while the interactions between the ligand and active-site residues remain less quantitatively and qualitatively defined. We characterized theoretically the key residues involved in noncovalent interactions with MD2 in the MraYAA active site. We applied the quantum theory of atoms in molecules and natural bond orbital analyses based on the density functional theory method on the solved crystal structure of MraY with the MD2 to quantitatively estimate the intermolecular interactions. The obtained results revealed the presence of multiple hydrogen bonds in the investigated active site with strength ranging from van der Waals to covalent limits. Lys70, Asp193, Gly194, Asp196, Gly264, Ala321, Gln305, and His325 are key active-site residues interacting with MD2. Conventional and unconventional hydrogen bonds in addition with charge-dipole and dipole-dipole interactions contribute significantly to stabilize the MD2 binding to the MraYAA active site. It was also found that water molecules inside the active site have substantial effects on its structure stability through hydrogen-bonding interactions with MD2 and the interacting residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Malek Zadeh
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Chemical
Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate
Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute
of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Elahe K. Astani
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tarbiat
Modares University, Tehran 14115-175, Iran
| | - Zhe-Chong Wang
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kamal Adhikari
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular
and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International
Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung
Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Rajesh Rattinam
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Chemical
Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate
Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute
of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Li
- Genomics
Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Chemical
Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate
Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular
and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International
Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung
Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Noncovalent interactions in high-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparations on polysaccharide-based chiral selectors. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1623:461202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
47
|
Bartashevich E, Sobalev S, Matveychuk Y, Tsirelson V. Variations of quantum electronic pressure under the external compression in crystals with halogen bonds assembled in Cl3-, Br3-, I3-synthons. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2020; 76:514-523. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520620006113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The inner-crystal quantum electronic pressure was estimated for unstrained C6Cl6, C6Br6, and C6I6 crystals and for those under external compression simulated from 1 to 20 GPa. The changes in its distribution were analyzed for the main structural elements in considered crystals: for triangles of the typical halogen bonds assembled in Hal3-synthons, where Hal = Cl, Br, I; for Hal...Hal stacking interactions, as well as for covalent bonds. Under simulated external compression, the quantum electronic pressure in the intermolecular space reduces as the electron density increases, indicating spatial areas of relatively less crystal resistance to external compression. The most compliant C6Cl6 crystal shows the largest changes of quantum electronic pressure in the centre of Cl3-synthon while the deformation of rigid I3-synthon under external compression depends only on the features of I...I halogen bonds.
Collapse
|
48
|
Galmés B, Adrover J, Terraneo G, Frontera A, Resnati G. Radicalradical chalcogen bonds: CSD analysis and DFT calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12757-12765. [PMID: 32463046 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01643h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript reports a combination of crystallographic analysis (Cambridge Structural Database) and theoretical DFT calculations in chalcogen bonding interactions involving radicals in both the Ch bond (ChB) donor and acceptor. As a radical ChB acceptor (nucleophile) we have used benzodithiazolyl radical (BDTA) and as Ch bond donors (electrophile) we have used dithiadiazolyl and diselenadiazolyl radicals of the general formula p-X-C6F4-CNChChN (Ch = S, and Se). We have evaluated how the para substituent (X) affects the interaction energy, spin density and charge/spin transfer from the electron rich BDTA radical to the electron poor dichalcogenadiazolyl ring. The ability of the latter rings to form ChBs in the solid state has been examined by a comprehensive search in the CSD; several cases are used to exemplify the preferred geometric features of the complexes and they are compared with the theory. The molecular surface electrostatic potentials calculated for these ChB donors allow for a very precise rationalization of the self-assembly motifs most frequently adopted in the crystalline state and of their relative robustness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bartomeu Galmés
- Department of Chemistry Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma (Baleares), Spain
| | - Jaume Adrover
- Department of Chemistry Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma (Baleares), Spain
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma (Baleares), Spain
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Katlenok EA, Haukka M, Levin OV, Frontera A, Kukushkin VY. Supramolecular Assembly of Metal Complexes by (Aryl)I⋅⋅⋅d[PtII] Halogen Bonds. Chemistry 2020; 26:7692-7701. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene A. Katlenok
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Jyväskylä P.O. Box 35 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Oleg V. Levin
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department de QuímicaUniversitat de les Illes Balears Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5 07122 Palma, de Mallorca Baleares Spain
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
- South Ural State University Lenin Av. 76 454080 Chelyabinsk Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|