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Sheedy A, Burduli N, Prakash A, Gurney M, Hanley S, Prendeville H, Sarkar S, O'Dwyer J, O'Dwyer M, Dolan E. NK cell line modified to express a potent, DR5 specific variant of TRAIL, show enhanced cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34976. [PMID: 39170449 PMCID: PMC11336271 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Ovarian cancer is a lethal gynaecological malignancy with unsatisfactory 5 year survival rates of 30-50 %. Cell immunotherapy is a promising new cancer treatment where immune cells, such as Natural Killer (NK) cells, are administered to enable the patient to fight cancer through direct cytotoxicity. NK cells orchestrate an adaptive immune response by enabling the release of tumour antigens. NK cell cytotoxicity and effector responses are largely driven by TRAIL engagement. In this study we investigated the cytotoxic potential of a human NK cell line that were modified to express a potent DR5 specific TRAIL variant. We hypothesised that this modification would enhance NK cell cytotoxicity against TRAIL sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro. Methods KHYG-1 human NK cells were modified with a TRAIL variant targeting DR5 (TRAILv-KHYG-1). Human ovarian cancer cell lines, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3, were cultured with modified or non-modified NK cells at different effector:target (E:T) ratios for 4 or 16 h. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin-APC and 7-AAD and measured using flow cytometry. Apoptotic cells were defined as annexin V 7-AAD double positive. Cytokine expression was measured by multiplex ELISA, and analysed by flow cytometry. Results Modified and non-modified NK cells significantly reduced OVCAR-3 cell viability as compared to OVCAR-3 cells that were cultured alone after 4 and 16 h treatment. OVCAR-3 cell viability was reduced after treatment with 1:1 E:T ratio with TRAILv-KHYG-1 cells after 16 h. On the contrary, neither NK cell line had any effect of SKOV-3 cell viability despite SKOV-3 cells having more DR5 surface expression compared to OVCAR-3 cells. Conclusions TRAILv-KHYG-1 cells significantly reduced OVCAR-3 cell viability as compared to non-modified NK cells. However, no significant reduction in viability was observed when SKOV-3 cell were cultured with either NK cells, despite having more DR5 surface expression compared to OVCAR-3 cells. These data indicate that mechanisms other than DR5 expression drive TRAIL resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Sheedy
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - N. Burduli
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Center for Hematology Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. Prakash
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - M. Gurney
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - S. Hanley
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - H. Prendeville
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - S. Sarkar
- ONK Therapeutics Inc, Galway, Ireland
| | - J. O'Dwyer
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - M. O'Dwyer
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- ONK Therapeutics Inc, Galway, Ireland
| | - E.B. Dolan
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Wang M, Bi Y, Jin Y, Zheng ZJ. Global Incidence of Ovarian Cancer According to Histologic Subtype: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300393. [PMID: 38754054 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian cancer can be categorized into distinct histologic subtypes with varying identifiable risk factors, molecular composition, clinical features, and treatment. The global incidence of ovarian cancer subtypes remains limited, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) without high-quality cancer registry systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used data from population-based cancer registries of the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents project to calculate the proportions of serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, and other histologic subtypes of ovarian cancer. Proportions were applied to the estimated numbers of patients with ovarian cancer from Global Cancer Observatory 2020. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated. RESULTS Globally, an estimated 133,818 new patients of serous cancer, 35,712 new patients of mucinous cancer, 29,319 new patients of endometrioid cancer, and 17,894 new patients of clear cell cancer were identified in 2020. The distribution of ovarian cancer histologic subtypes exhibited regional variation. Eastern Europe had the highest rate of serous and mucinous carcinomas, whereas Northern Africa and Eastern Asia had the highest burden of endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas, respectively. CONCLUSION This study provides a global incidence landscape of histologic subtypes of ovarian cancer, particularly in LMICs lacking comprehensive registry systems. Our analysis offers valuable insights into disease burden and guidance for tailored strategies for prevention of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Wang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxin Bi
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzi Jin
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Zheng
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
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3
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Wang Y, Wu J, Zhao J, Xu T, Zhang M, Liu J, Wang Y, Wang Q, Song X. Global characterization of RNA editing in genetic regulation of multiple ovarian cancer subtypes. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102127. [PMID: 38352860 PMCID: PMC10863325 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
RNA editing plays an extensive role in the initiation and progression of cancer. However, the overall profile and molecular functions of RNA editing in different ovarian cancer subtypes have not been fully characterized and elucidated. Here, we conducted a study on RNA editing in four cohorts of ovarian cancer subtypes through large-scale parallel reporting and bioinformatics analysis. Our findings revealed that RNA editing patterns exhibit subtype-specific characteristics within cancer subtypes. The expression pattern of ADAR and the number of differential editing sites varied under different conditions. CCOC and EOC exhibited significant editing deficiency, whereas HGSC and MOC displayed significant editing excess. The sites within the turquoise module of the coedited network also revealed their correlation with ovarian cancer. In addition, we identified an average of over 40,000 cis-edQTLs in the four subtypes. Finally, we explored the association between RNA editing and drug response, uncovering several potentially effective editing-drug pairs (EDP) and suggesting the conceivable utility of RNA editing sites as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Overall, our comprehensive study has identified and characterized RNA editing events in various subtypes of ovarian cancer, providing a new perspective for ovarian cancer research and facilitating the development of medical interventions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Tianyi Xu
- National Genomics Data Center & CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Xiaofeng Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
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Bapat J, Yamamoto TM, Woodruff ER, Qamar L, Mikeska RG, Aird KM, Watson ZL, Brubaker LW, Bitler BG. CASC4/GOLM2 drives high grade serous carcinoma anoikis resistance through the recycling of EGFR. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:300-310. [PMID: 38030811 PMCID: PMC10874890 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy, and accounts for over 150,000 deaths per year worldwide. The high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) subtype accounts for almost 70% of ovarian cancers and is the deadliest. HGSC originates in the fimbria of the fallopian tube and disseminates through the peritoneal cavity. HGSC survival in peritoneal fluid requires cells to resist anoikis (anchorage-independent apoptosis). Most anoikis resistant mechanisms are dependent on microenvironment interactions with cell surface-associated proteins, such as integrins and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). We previously identified the gene CASC4 as a driver of anoikis resistance. CASC4 is predicted to be a Golgi-associated protein that may regulate protein trafficking to the plasma membrane, but CASC4 is largely uncharacterized in literature; thus, we sought to determine how CASC4 confers anoikis resistance to HGSC cells. Mining of publicly available ovarian cancer datasets (TCGA) showed that CASC4 is associated with worse overall survival and increased resistance to platinum-based chemotherapies. For experiments, we cultured three human HGSC cell lines (PEO1, CaOV3, OVCAR3), and a murine HGSC cell line, (ID8) with shRNA-mediated CASC4 knockdowns (CASC4 KD) in suspension, to recapitulate the peritoneal fluid environment in vitro. CASC4 KD significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation ability, and increased apoptosis. A Reverse Phase Protein Assay (RPPA) showed that CASC4 KD resulted in a broad re-programming of membrane-associated proteins. Specifically, CASC4 KD led to decreased protein levels of the RTK Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), an initiator of several oncogenic signaling pathways, leading us to hypothesize that CASC4 drives HGSC survival through mediating recycling and trafficking of EGFR. Indeed, loss of CASC4 led to a decrease in both EGFR membrane localization, reduced turnover of EGFR, and increased EGFR ubiquitination. Moreover, a syngeneic ID8 murine model of ovarian cancer showed that knocking down CASC4 leads to decreased tumor burden and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaidev Bapat
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tomomi M Yamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lubna Qamar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Railey G Mikeska
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katherine M Aird
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zachary L Watson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lindsay W Brubaker
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Benjamin G Bitler
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Mitchell S, Nikolopoulos M, El-Zarka A, Al-Karawi D, Al-Zaidi S, Ghai A, Gaughran JE, Sayasneh A. Artificial Intelligence in Ultrasound Diagnoses of Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:422. [PMID: 38275863 PMCID: PMC10813993 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common malignancy, with a 35% survival rate across all stages at 10 years. Ultrasound is widely used for ovarian tumour diagnosis, and accurate pre-operative diagnosis is essential for appropriate patient management. Artificial intelligence is an emerging field within gynaecology and has been shown to aid in the ultrasound diagnosis of ovarian cancers. For this study, Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched, and all original clinical studies that used artificial intelligence in ultrasound examinations for the diagnosis of ovarian malignancies were screened. Studies using histopathological findings as the standard were included. The diagnostic performance of each study was analysed, and all the diagnostic performances were pooled and assessed. The initial search identified 3726 papers, of which 63 were suitable for abstract screening. Fourteen studies that used artificial intelligence in ultrasound diagnoses of ovarian malignancies and had histopathological findings as a standard were included in the final analysis, each of which had different sample sizes and used different methods; these studies examined a combined total of 15,358 ultrasound images. The overall sensitivity was 81% (95% CI, 0.80-0.82), and specificity was 92% (95% CI, 0.92-0.93), indicating that artificial intelligence demonstrates good performance in ultrasound diagnoses of ovarian cancer. Further prospective work is required to further validate AI for its use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Mitchell
- Department of Women’s Health, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Manolis Nikolopoulos
- Department of Women’s Health, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Alaa El-Zarka
- Department of Gynaecology, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria 21433, Egypt
| | | | | | - Avi Ghai
- School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Jonathan E. Gaughran
- Department of Women’s Health, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Ahmad Sayasneh
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Surgical Oncology Directorate, Cancer Centre, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, St Thomas Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Han L, Zhang Z, Wang C, Long W, Meng K, Wang X. Research progress of extracellular vesicles in the treatment of ovarian diseases (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:15. [PMID: 38125352 PMCID: PMC10728905 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The ovary is an essential reproductive organ in the female organism and its development seriously affects the physical and mental health of female patients. Ovarian diseases include ovarian cancer, premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Women should pay attention to the most effective treatments for this condition because it is one of the most prevalent gynecological illnesses at present. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are smaller vesicles that mediate the exchange of cellular information, include the three categories of exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. They are able to transport proteins, RNA and other substances to adjacent or distal cells, thus allowing cellular and tissue homeostasis to be maintained. Numerous previous studies have revealed that EVs are crucial for the treatment of ovarian diseases. They are known to transport its contents to ovarian cancer cells as well as other ovarian cells such as granulosa cells, affecting the development of ovarian disease processes. Therefore, this extracellular vesicle may be involved as a target in the therapeutic process of ovarian disease and may have great potential in the treatment of ovarian disease. In the present review, the role of EVs in the development of three ovarian diseases, including ovarian cancer, POI and PCOS, was mainly summarizes. It is expected that this will provide some theoretical support for the treatment of ovarian disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Linqi Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Caiqin Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Wei Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Kai Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
- Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
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Okunade KS, John-Olabode SO, Soibi-Harry AP, Okoro AC, Adejimi AA, Ademuyiwa IY, Osunwusi B, Adelabu H, Salako O. Prognostic performance of pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index in women with epithelial ovarian cancer. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO897. [PMID: 37753357 PMCID: PMC10518822 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the prognostic performance of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of the data of 91 women who had treatment for EOC between 2009 and 2018. The associations between pretreatment SII and survivals were tested. Results Pretreatment SII more than 610.2 was a significant independent predictor of reduced progression-free survival (HR = 2.68; 95% CI, 1.17 to 6.09) while SII greater than 649.0 was a significant independent predictor of reduced 3-year overall survival (HR = 2.01; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.99). Conclusion These findings suggest that high SII may be a potential prognostic indicator and useful marker for more intensive surveillance and design of personalized treatment in patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Okunade
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
- Center for Clinical Trial, Research, & Implementation Science (CCTRIS), College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sarah O John-Olabode
- Department of Haematology & Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adaiah P Soibi-Harry
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Austin C Okoro
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adebola A Adejimi
- Department of Community Health & Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Iyabo Y Ademuyiwa
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Benedetto Osunwusi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Hameed Adelabu
- Center for Clinical Trial, Research, & Implementation Science (CCTRIS), College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Omolola Salako
- Department of Radiation Biology, Radiotherapy & Radiodiagnosis, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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8
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Merve Aydin E, Canıtez İS, Colombo E, Princiotto S, Passarella D, Dallavalle S, Christodoulou MS, Durmaz Şahin I. Targeting Ovarian Cancer with Chalcone Derivatives: Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Induction in HGSOC Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:7777. [PMID: 38067507 PMCID: PMC10708092 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer ranks as the eighth most prevalent form of cancer in women across the globe and stands as the third most frequent gynecological cancer, following cervical and endometrial cancers. Given its resistance to standard chemotherapy and high recurrence rates, there is an urgent imperative to discover novel compounds with potential as chemotherapeutic agents for treating ovarian cancer. Chalcones exhibit a wide array of biological properties, with a particular focus on their anti-cancer activities. In this research, we documented the synthesis and in vitro study of a small library of chalcone derivatives designed for use against high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cell lines, specifically OVCAR-3, OVSAHO, and KURAMOCHI. Our findings revealed that three of these compounds exhibited cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects against all the tested HGSOC cell lines, achieving IC50 concentrations lower than 25 µM. Further investigations disclosed that these chalcones prompted an increase in the subG1 phase cell cycle and induced apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cells. In summary, our study underscores the potential of chalcones as promising agents for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Merve Aydin
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - İdil Su Canıtez
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Eleonora Colombo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Salvatore Princiotto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michael S. Christodoulou
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Olbromski PJ, Bogacz A, Bukowska M, Kamiński A, Moszyński R, Pawlik P, Szeliga A, Kotrych K, Czerny B. Analysis of the Polymorphisms and Expression Levels of the BCL2, BAX and c-MYC Genes in Patients with Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16309. [PMID: 38003498 PMCID: PMC10671037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the biggest problems in gynecological oncology and is one of the most lethal cancers in women worldwide. Most patients with OC are diagnosed at an advanced stage; therefore, there is an urgent need to find new biomarkers for this disease. Gene expression profiling is proving to be a very effective tool for exploring new molecular markers for OC patients, although the relationship between such markers and patient survival and clinical outcomes is still elusive. Moreover, polymorphisms in genes encoding both apoptosis-associated proteins and oncoproteins may serve as key markers of cancer susceptibility. The aim of our study was to analyze the polymorphisms and expressions of the BCL2, BAX and c-MYC genes in a group of 198 women, including 98 with OC. The polymorphisms and mRNA expressions of the BCL2, BAX and c-MYC genes were analyzed using real-time PCR. The analysis of the BAX (rs4645878; G>A) and c-MYC (rs4645943; C>T) polymorphisms showed no association with ovarian cancer risk. The BCL2 polymorphism (rs2279115; C>A) showed a significant difference in the frequency of genotypes between the studied groups (CC: 23.47% vs. 16.00%, AA: 25.51% vs. 37.00%; p = 0.046; OR = 1.61). Furthermore, the expression levels of the BCL2 and c-MYC genes showed a decrease at the transcript level for OC patients compared to the control group (BCL2: 17.46% ± 3.26 vs. 100% ± 8.32; p < 0.05; c-MYC: 37.56% ± 8.16 vs. 100% ± 9.12; p < 0.05). No significant changes in the mRNA level were observed for the BAX gene (104.36% ± 9.26 vs. 100% ± 9.44; p > 0.05). A similar relationship was demonstrated in the case of the protein expressions of the studied genes. These findings suggest that the CC genotype and C allele of the BCL2 polymorphism could be genetic risk factors for OC development. A gene expression analysis indicated that BCL2 and c-MYC are associated with OC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Józef Olbromski
- Clinic of Operational Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (P.J.O.); (P.P.)
| | - Anna Bogacz
- Department of Personalized Medicine and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center, Marcelińska 44, 60-354 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marta Bukowska
- Department of Personalized Medicine and Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center, Marcelińska 44, 60-354 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Adam Kamiński
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1, Pomeranian Medical University, UniiLubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Rafał Moszyński
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Piotr Pawlik
- Clinic of Operational Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (P.J.O.); (P.P.)
| | - Anna Szeliga
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kotrych
- Department of General and Dental Radiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskch 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bogusław Czerny
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-230 Szczecin, Poland;
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10
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Guo T, Wei Q. Cell Reprogramming Techniques: Contributions to Cancer Therapy. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:142-153. [PMID: 37530737 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2023.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of terminally differentiated cells over the past few years has become important for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in the field of regenerative medicine and disease drug modeling. At the same time, iPSCs have also played an important role in human cancer research. iPSCs derived from cancer patients can be used to simulate the early progression of cancer, for drug testing, and to study the molecular mechanism of cancer occurrence. In recent years, with the application of cellular immunotherapy in cancer therapy, patient-derived iPSC-induced immune cells (T, natural killer, and macrophage cells) solve the problem of immune rejection and have higher immunogenicity, which greatly improves the therapeutic efficiency of immune cell therapy. With the continuous progress of cancer differentiation therapy, iPSC technology can reprogram cancer cells to a more primitive pluripotent undifferentiated state, and successfully reverse cancer cells to a benign phenotype by changing the epigenetic inheritance of cancer cells. This article reviews the recent progress of cell reprogramming technology in human cancer research, focuses on the application of reprogramming technology in cancer immunotherapy and the problems solved, and summarizes the malignant phenotype changes of cancer cells in the process of reprogramming and subsequent differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Guo
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Bhat BA, Saifi I, Khamjan NA, Hamdani SS, Algaissi A, Rashid S, Alshehri MM, Ganie SA, Lohani M, Abdelwahab SI, Dar SA. Exploring the tumor immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer: a way-out to the therapeutic roadmap. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:841-860. [PMID: 37712621 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2259096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite cancer treatment strides, mortality due to ovarian cancer remains high globally. While immunotherapy has proven effective in treating cancers with low cure rates, it has limitations. Growing evidence suggests that both tumoral and non-tumoral components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) play a significant role in cancer growth. Therefore, developing novel and focused therapy for ovarian cancer is critical. Studies indicate that TIME is involved in developing ovarian cancer, particularly genome-, transcriptome-, and proteome-wide studies. As a result, TIME may present a prospective therapeutic target for ovarian cancer patients. AREAS COVERED We examined several TIME-targeting medicines and the connection between TIME and ovarian cancer. The key protagonists and events in the TIME and therapeutic strategies that explicitly target these events in ovarian cancer are discussed. EXPERT OPINION We highlighted various targeted therapies against TIME in ovarian cancer, including anti-angiogenesis therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. While these therapies are in their infancy, they have shown promise in controlling ovarian cancer progression. The use of 'omics' technology is helping in better understanding of TIME in ovarian cancer and potentially identifying new therapeutic targets. TIME-targeted strategies could account for an additional treatment strategy when treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University, Srinagar, India
| | - Ifra Saifi
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut India
| | - Nizar A Khamjan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Suhail Hamdani
- Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University, Srinagar, India
| | - Abdullah Algaissi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safeena Rashid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Gomes FDC, Figueiredo ERL, Araújo END, Andrade EMD, Carneiro CDL, Almeida GMD, Dias HAAL, Teixeira LIB, Almeida MT, Farias MFD, Linhares NA, Fonseca NLD, Pereira YDS, Melo-Neto JSD. Social, Genetics and Histopathological Factors Related to Titin ( TTN) Gene Mutation and Survival in Women with Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma: Bioinformatics Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051092. [PMID: 37239452 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several factors may increase the risk of development of ovarian cancer. In this study, we investigated the relationship between social, genetic, and histopathologic factors in women with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma and titin (TTN) mutations, whether the TTN gene mutation may be a predictor, and its impact on mortality and survival in these patients. A total of 585 samples from patients with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and PanCancer Atlas through the cBioPortal for analysis of social, genetic, and histopathological factors. Logistic regression was used to investigate whether TTN mutation could be a predictor, and the Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze survival time. TTN mutation frequency did not differ between age at diagnosis, tumor stage, and race, and was related to increased Buffa hypoxia score (p = 0.004), mutation count (p < 0.0001), Winter hypoxia Score (p = 0.030), nonsynonymous tumor mutation burden (TMB) (p < 0.0001), and reduced microsatellite instability sensor score (p = 0.010). The number of mutations (p < 0.0001) and winter hypoxia score (p = 0.008) were positively associated with TTN mutations, and nonsynonymous TMB (p < 0.0001) proved to be a predictor. Mutated TTN affects the score of genetic variables involved in cancer cell metabolism in ovarian cystadenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana de Campos Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine CERES (FACERES), São José do Rio Preto 15090-305, SP, Brazil
| | - Eric Renato Lima Figueiredo
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Ediane Nunes De Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Edila Monteiro De Andrade
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Carlos Diego Lisbôa Carneiro
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Mácola De Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Helana Augusta Andrade Leal Dias
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Inoue Bispo Teixeira
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Manuela Trindade Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Mariusa Fernandes De Farias
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Natália Albim Linhares
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Natasha Lima Da Fonseca
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Yago Dos Santos Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - João Simão de Melo-Neto
- Postgraduate Program in Health, Environment and Society in the Amazon (PPGSAS), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Street Augusto Corrêa, 01, University City: José Silveira Neto, Health sector: Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
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Vaicekauskaitė I, Dabkevičienė D, Šimienė J, Žilovič D, Čiurlienė R, Jarmalaitė S, Sabaliauskaitė R. ARID1A, NOTCH and WNT Signature in Gynaecological Tumours. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065854. [PMID: 36982928 PMCID: PMC10057440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is among the deadliest gynaecologic malignancies in the world. The majority of OC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, with high-grade serous OC (HGSOC). The lack of specific symptoms and suitable screening strategies lead to short progression-free survival times in HGSOC patients. The chromatin-remodelling, WNT and NOTCH pathways are some of the most dysregulated in OC; thus their gene mutations and expression profile could serve as diagnostic or prognostic OC biomarkers. Our pilot study investigated mRNA expression of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodelling complex gene ARID1A, NOTCH receptors, WNT pathway genes CTNNB1 and FBXW7 mRNA expression in two OC cell cultures as well as 51 gynaecologic tumour tissues. A four-gene panel consisting of ARID1A, CTNNB1, FBXW7 and PPP2R1A was used to investigate mutations in gynaecologic tumour tissue. All seven analysed genes were found to be significantly downregulated in OC when compared with non-malignant gynaecologic tumour tissues. NOTCH3 was also downregulated in SKOV3 cells when compared to A2780. Fifteen mutations were found in 25.5% (13/51) of the tissue samples. ARID1A predicted mutations were the most prevalent with alterations detected in 19% (6/32) HGSOC and 67% (6/9) of other OC cases. Thus, ARID1A and NOTCH/WNT-pathway-related changes could be useful diagnostic biomarkers in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Vaicekauskaitė
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Dabkevičienė
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Julija Šimienė
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Diana Žilovič
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Sonata Jarmalaitė
- National Cancer Institute, LT-08660 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
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14
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Elmehrath S, Nguyen HL, Karam SM, Amin A, Greish YE. BioMOF-Based Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery Systems. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:953. [PMID: 36903831 PMCID: PMC10005089 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A variety of nanomaterials have been developed specifically for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery in cancer treatment. These materials involve both synthetic and natural nanoparticles and nanofibers of varying dimensions. The efficacy of a drug delivery system (DDS) depends on its biocompatibility, intrinsic high surface area, high interconnected porosity, and chemical functionality. Recent advances in metal-organic framework (MOF) nanostructures have led to the achievement of these desirable features. MOFs consist of metal ions and organic linkers that are assembled in different geometries and can be produced in 0, 1, 2, or 3 dimensions. The defining features of MOFs are their outstanding surface area, interconnected porosity, and variable chemical functionality, which enable an endless range of modalities for loading drugs into their hierarchical structures. MOFs, coupled with biocompatibility requisites, are now regarded as highly successful DDSs for the treatment of diverse diseases. This review aims to present the development and applications of DDSs based on chemically-functionalized MOF nanostructures in the context of cancer treatment. A concise overview of the structure, synthesis, and mode of action of MOF-DDS is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Elmehrath
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ha L. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry University of California—Berkeley, Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute at UC Berkeley, and Berkeley Global Science Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Joint UAEU−UC Berkeley Laboratories for Materials Innovations, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sherif M. Karam
- Department of Anatomy, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amr Amin
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yaser E. Greish
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Joint UAEU−UC Berkeley Laboratories for Materials Innovations, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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15
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Hayashi T, Konishi I. Molecular Histopathology for Establishing Diagnostic Method and Clinical Therapy for Ovarian Carcinoma. J Clin Med Res 2023; 15:68-75. [PMID: 36895622 PMCID: PMC9990723 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr4853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is considered the deadliest gynecological malignancy. It is typically diagnosed in the advanced stages of the disease, with metastatic sites widely disseminated within the abdominal cavity. OC treatment is challenging due to the high rate of disease recurrence, which is further complicated by acquired chemoresistance caused by the reversion of the pathological variant. Therefore, more effective treatments are still being sought. Histologically, OC is classified into serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, and transitional cell carcinomas and malignant Brenner tumor. Recent clinicopathological and molecular biological studies demonstrated that these subtypes differ in histogenesis and anti-tumor agent sensitivity. In Japan, the incidence rates of the histological types of OC, namely, serous carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma, are 39%, 12%, 16%, and 23%, respectively. Serous carcinoma is classified as high or low grade, with the former accounting for the overwhelming majority. In this study, the molecular pathological classification of OC has been described based on the characteristics of the two types of OC, types 1 and 2. Compared with Europe and the United States, Japan has a higher prevalence of type 1 OC and a lower prevalence of type 2 OC. The prevalence of each type of OC varies by race. It has been elucidated that the prevalence rate of each type of ovarian cancer in Asian countries is similar to that in Japan. Thus, OC is a heterogeneous disease. Furthermore, OC has been attributed to molecular biological mechanisms that vary among tissue subtypes. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct treatment based on accurate diagnoses of each tissue type and establish an optimal treatment strategy, and now is the transition period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Hayashi
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Ikuo Konishi
- National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.,Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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16
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Zhang H, Chi M, Su D, Xiong Y, Wei H, Yu Y, Zuo Y, Yang L. A random forest-based metabolic risk model to assess the prognosis and metabolism-related drug targets in ovarian cancer. Comput Biol Med 2023; 153:106432. [PMID: 36608460 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most common gynecologic malignant tumors, ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed at an advanced and incurable stage because of its early asymptomatic onset. Increasing research into tumor biology has demonstrated that abnormal cellular metabolism precedes tumorigenesis, therefore it has become an area of active research in academia. Cellular metabolism is of great significance in cancer diagnostic and prognostic studies. In this study, we integrated The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset with multiple Gene Expression Omnibus ovarian cancer datasets, identified 17 metabolic pathways with prognostic values using the random forest algorithm, constructed a metabolic risk scoring model based on metabolic pathway enrichment scores, and classified patients with ovarian cancer into two subtypes. Then, we systematically investigated the differences between different subtypes in terms of prognosis, differential gene expression, immune signature enrichment, Hallmark signature enrichment, and somatic mutations. As well, we successfully predicted differences in sensitivity to immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs in patients with different metabolic risk subtypes. Moreover, we identified 5 drug targets associated with high metabolic risk and low metabolic risk ovarian cancer phenotypes through the weighted correlation network analysis and investigated their roles in the genesis of ovarian cancer. Finally, we developed an XGBoost classifier for predicting metabolic risk types in patients with ovarian cancer, producing a good predictive effect. In light of the above study, the research findings will provide valuable information for prognostic prediction and personalized medical treatment of patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Meng Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dongqing Su
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuqiang Xiong
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Haodong Wei
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yao Yu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yongchun Zuo
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China; Digital College, Inner Mongolia Intelligent Union Big Data Academy, Inner Mongolia Wesure Date Technology Co., Ltd, Hohhot, 010010, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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17
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Total Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Level in Abdominal Adipose Tissue as an Independent Predictor of Recurrence-Free Survival in Women with Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021768. [PMID: 36675280 PMCID: PMC9863501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Prognostic factors for epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are in particular clinical factors such as pathology staging at diagnosis (FIGO stages), genetic mutation, or histological phenotypes. In the present study, FIGO stage, tumor residue after surgery, and body mass index were clinical predictors of recurrence-free survival (RFS). Nonetheless, a number of studies support a lipid metabolism disorder in ovarian cancer patients. The objective of this pilot study was to explore whether fatty acid composition of adipose reflecting the qualitative dietary intake and fatty acids metabolism may be associated with RFS. Forty-six women with EOCs and six with borderline ovarian tumors between March 2017 and January 2020 were included in this prospective study at Tours university teaching hospital (central France). The patients involved in the present study are part of the METERMUS trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03027479). Adipose tissue specimens from four abdominal locations (superficial and deep subcutaneous, visceral (pericolic), and omental) were collected during surgery or exploratory laparoscopy. A fatty acid profile of adipose tissue triglycerides was established by gas chromatography. Fatty acids composition was compared among the four locations using nonparametric Friedman’s ANOVA test for repeated measures. Median follow-up of EOC patients was 15 months and patients’ RFS was analyzed using Kaplan−Meier survival curves and log-rank test by separating patients into two groups according to median fatty acid levels. The content of long-chain saturated fatty acids (SFAs) was increased and that of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) decreased in deep versus superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue in EOC patients. Nevertheless, the content of total SFAs was ~28%, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) ~55%, PUFAs n-6 ~11.5%, and PUFAs n-3 about 1.3%, whatever the adipose tissue. When EOC patients were separated into two groups by median fatty acid content, total PUFAs (n-6+n-3) levels, whatever the adipose tissue, were positively and independently associated with RFS. RFS was about two times longer in EOC patients with high versus low total PUFA content (median survival: 12 vs. 27 months, p = 0.01 to <0.0001 according to the tissue). Content of total PUFAs (n-6+n-3) in abdominal adipose tissue (visceral and subcutaneous) are new prognostic factors in EOC.
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18
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Wani S, Humaira, Farooq I, Ali S, Rehman MU, Arafah A. Proteomic profiling and its applications in cancer research. Proteomics 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-95072-5.00015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Dite GS, Spaeth E, Murphy NM, Allman R. A combined clinical and genetic model for predicting risk of ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2023; 32:57-64. [PMID: 36503897 PMCID: PMC9746333 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women with a family history of ovarian cancer or a pathogenic or likely pathogenic gene variant are at high risk of the disease, but very few women have these risk factors. We assessed whether a combined polygenic and clinical risk score could predict risk of ovarian cancer in population-based women who would otherwise be considered as being at average risk. METHODS We used the UK Biobank to conduct a prospective cohort study assessing the performance of 10-year ovarian cancer risks based on a polygenic risk score, a clinical risk score and a combined risk score. We used Cox regression to assess association, Harrell's C-index to assess discrimination and Poisson regression to assess calibration. RESULTS The combined risk model performed best and problems with calibration were overcome by recalibrating the model, which then had a hazard ratio per quintile of risk of 1.338 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.152-1.553], a Harrell's C-index of 0.663 (95% CI, 0.629-0.698) and overall calibration of 1.000 (95% CI, 0.874-1.145). In the refined model with estimates based on the entire dataset, women in the top quintile of 10-year risk were at 1.387 (95% CI, 1.086-1.688) times increased risk, while women in the top quintile of full-lifetime risk were at 1.527 (95% CI, 1.187-1.866) times increased risk compared with the population. CONCLUSION Identification of women who are at high risk of ovarian cancer can allow healthcare providers and patients to engage in joint decision-making discussions around the risks and benefits of screening options or risk-reducing surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Spaeth
- Phenogen Sciences Inc, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Richard Allman
- Genetic Technologies Limited, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Davies M, Davey MG, Miller N. The Potential of MicroRNAs as Clinical Biomarkers to Aid Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2054. [PMID: 36360295 PMCID: PMC9690044 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a commonly diagnosed malignancy in women. When diagnosed at an early stage, survival outcomes are favourable for the vast majority, with up to 90% of ovarian cancer patients being free of disease at 5 years follow-up. Unfortunately, ovarian cancer is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the majority of patients remaining asymptomatic until the cancer has metastasised, resulting in poor outcomes for the majority. While the molecular era has facilitated the subclassification of the disease into distinct clinical subtypes, ovarian cancer remains managed and treated as a single disease entity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (19-25 nucleotides), endogenous molecules which are integral to regulating gene expression. Aberrant miRNA expression profiles have been described in several cancers, and have been implicated to be useful biomarkers which may aid cancer diagnostics and treatment. Several preliminary studies have identified candidate tumour suppressor and oncogenic miRNAs which may be involved in the development and progression of ovarian cancer, highlighting their candidacy as oncological biomarkers; understanding the mechanisms by which these miRNAs regulate the key processes involved in oncogenesis can improve our overall understanding of cancer development and identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review highlights the potential role of miRNAs which may be utilised to aid diagnosis, estimate prognosis and enhance therapeutic strategies in the management of primary ovarian cancer.
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Down regulation of fatty acid synthase via inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in ovarian cancer cell line by novel organoselenium pseudopeptide. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100134. [PMID: 36568265 PMCID: PMC9780069 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the 7th most common cancer in women world-wide and the 3rd most common female cancer. For the treatment of OC, there is no successful therapeutic. The medications that are currently available have significant side effects and a low therapeutic index. This work aimed to evaluate the anticancer activity of organoselenium pseudopeptide compound against OC cell lines. After treatment with 50 μM of compound 4 (CPD 4), the viability was determined. The anticancer activity was further investigated by different methods including cell cycle and apoptosis analysis, colony formation assay, zymography, comet assay and Western blot. In comparison to a positive control, compound 4 showed cytotoxicity toward A2780CP cells rather than A2780 and SKOV-3 cells. Compound 4 was more selective to OC cells rather than HSF cells. Moreover, Compound 4 was able to inhibit cell migration and proliferation. The anticancer effect of compound 4 was found to be partially via cell cycle arrest, overexpression of p27 cell cycle inhibitor and induction of apoptosis through DNA fragmentation and activated production of ROS. Compound 4 had a differential effect on the modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the OC treated cell lines, also inhibited lipogenesis process via downregulation of FASN expression. Conclusion: This work highlights the unique role of Compound 4 against OC via modulation of oxidative stress, inhibition of survival PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Compound 4 was found to be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of OC in this investigation.
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Ding H, Zhang J, Zhang F, Xu Y, Yu Y, Liang W, Li Q. Role of Cancer-Associated fibroblast in the pathogenesis of ovarian Cancer: Focus on the latest therapeutic approaches. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109052. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Jin Y, Bian S, Wang H, Mo J, Fei H, Li L, Chen T, Jiang H. CRMP2 derived from cancer associated fibroblasts facilitates progression of ovarian cancer via HIF-1α-glycolysis signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:675. [PMID: 35927239 PMCID: PMC9352901 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As the predominant stroma cells of tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are robust tumor player of different malignancies. However, less is known about the regulatory mechanism of CAFs on promoting progression of ovarian cancer (OvCA). In the present study, the conditioned medium of primary CAFs (CAF-CM) from OvCA was used to culture cell lines of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and showed a potent role in promoting proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells. Mass spectrum (MS) analysis identified that Collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP2), a microtubule-associated protein involved in diverse malignancies, derived from CAFs was a key regulator responsible for mediating these cell events of OvCA. In vitro study using recombinant CRMP2 (r-CRMP2) revealed that the protein promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration of OvCA cells through activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α-glycolysis signaling pathway. The CRMP2 was abundantly expressed in OvCA, with a well correlation with metastasis and poor prognosis, as analyzed from 118 patients' samples. Inhibition of the CRMP2 derived from CAFs by neutralizing antibodies significantly attenuated the tumor size, weights, and metastatic foci numbers of mice in vivo. Our finding has provided a novel therapeutic clue for OvCA based on TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Jin
- grid.412312.70000 0004 1755 1415Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China ,grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001 China
| | - Saiyan Bian
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001 China
| | - Hui Wang
- grid.412312.70000 0004 1755 1415Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Jiahang Mo
- grid.412312.70000 0004 1755 1415Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - He Fei
- grid.412312.70000 0004 1755 1415Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Li Li
- grid.440642.00000 0004 0644 5481Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001 China
| | - Tong Chen
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Hua Jiang
- grid.412312.70000 0004 1755 1415Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
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Liberto JM, Chen SY, Shih IM, Wang TH, Wang TL, Pisanic TR. Current and Emerging Methods for Ovarian Cancer Screening and Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2885. [PMID: 35740550 PMCID: PMC9221480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%, ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is one of the most highly aggressive gynecological malignancies affecting women today. The high mortality rate of HGSC is largely attributable to delays in diagnosis, as most patients remain undiagnosed until the late stages of -disease. There are currently no recommended screening tests for ovarian cancer and there thus remains an urgent need for new diagnostic methods, particularly those that can detect the disease at early stages when clinical intervention remains effective. While diagnostics for ovarian cancer share many of the same technical hurdles as for other cancer types, the low prevalence of the disease in the general population, coupled with a notable lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers, have made the development of a clinically useful screening strategy particularly challenging. Here, we present a detailed review of the overall landscape of ovarian cancer diagnostics, with emphasis on emerging methods that employ novel protein, genetic, epigenetic and imaging-based biomarkers and/or advanced diagnostic technologies for the noninvasive detection of HGSC, particularly in women at high risk due to germline mutations such as BRCA1/2. Lastly, we discuss the translational potential of these approaches for achieving a clinically implementable solution for screening and diagnostics of early-stage ovarian cancer as a means of ultimately improving patient outcomes in both the general and high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane M. Liberto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; (J.M.L.); (I.-M.S.); (T.-L.W.)
| | - Sheng-Yin Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan;
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; (J.M.L.); (I.-M.S.); (T.-L.W.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; (J.M.L.); (I.-M.S.); (T.-L.W.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;
| | - Thomas R. Pisanic
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Marečková M, Massalha H, Lorenzi V, Vento-Tormo R. Mapping Human Reproduction with Single-Cell Genomics. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2022; 23:523-547. [PMID: 35567278 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-120121-114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The trillions of cells in the human body develop as a result of the fusion of two extremely specialized cells: an oocyte and a sperm. This process is essential for the continuation of our species, as it ensures that parental genetic information is mixed and passed on from generation to generation. In addition to producing oocytes, the female reproductive system must provide the environment for the appropriate development of the fetus until birth. New genomic and computational tools offer unique opportunities to study the tight spatiotemporal regulatory mechanisms that are required for the cycle of human reproduction. This review explores how single-cell technologies have been used to build cellular atlases of the human reproductive system across the life span and how these maps have proven useful to better understand reproductive pathologies and dissect the heterogeneity of in vitro model systems. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, Volume 23 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Marečková
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; .,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;
| | - Hassan Massalha
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; .,Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Deng H, Liu W, Yang X, Li K, Liao W, Zhao P, Yang Y, Wei H, Wang J, Chen Y. Preliminary evaluation and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of [131I]I-trastuzumab in HER2 expressing ovarian cancer cells. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wessolly M, Mairinger E, Borchert S, Bankfalvi A, Mach P, Schmid KW, Kimmig R, Buderath P, Mairinger FD. CAF-Associated Paracrine Signaling Worsens Outcome and Potentially Contributes to Chemoresistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:798680. [PMID: 35311102 PMCID: PMC8927667 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.798680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the predominant and deadliest form of ovarian cancer. Some of its histological subtypes can be distinguished by frequent occurrence of cancer-associated myofibroblasts (CAFs) and desmoplastic stroma reaction (DSR). In this study, we want to explore the relationship between therapy outcome and the activity of CAF-associated signaling pathways in a homogeneous HGSOC patient collective. Furthermore, we want to validate these findings in a general Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cohort. Methods The investigation cohort consists of 24 HGSOC patients. All of them were treated with platinum-based components and clinical follow-up was available. The validation cohort was comprised of 303 patients. Sequencing data (whole transcriptome) and clinical data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RNA of HGSOC patients was isolated using a Maxwell RSC instrument and the appropriate RNA isolation kit. For digital expression analysis a custom-designed gene panel was employed. All genes were linked to various DSR- and CAF- associated pathways. Expression analysis was performed on the NanoString nCounter platform. Finally, data were explored using the R programming environment (v. 4.0.3). Result In total, 15 CAF-associated genes were associated with patients’ survival. More specifically, 6 genes (MMP13, CGA, EPHA3, PSMD9, PITX2, PHLPP1) were linked to poor therapy outcome. Though a variety of different pathways appeared to be associated with therapy failure, many were related to CAF paracrine signaling, including MAPK, Ras and TGF-β pathways. Similar results were obtained from the validation cohort. Discussion In this study, we could successfully link CAF-associated pathways, as shown by increased Ras, MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling to therapy failure (chemotherapy) in HGSOC and EOCs in general. As platinum-based chemotherapy has been the state-of-the-art therapy to treat HGSOC for decades, it is necessary to unveil the reasons behind resistance developments and poor outcome. In this work, CAF-associated signaling is shown to compromise therapy response. In the validation cohort, CAF-associated signaling is also associated with therapy failure in general EOC, possibly hinting towards a conserved mechanism. Therefore, it may be helpful to stratify HGSOC patients for CAF activity and consider alternative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wessolly
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Wessolly,
| | - Elena Mairinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Borchert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Agnes Bankfalvi
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pawel Mach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Paul Buderath
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Howard C, Rice PFS, Keenan M, Dominguez-Cooks J, Heusinkveld J, Hsu CH, Barton JK. Study of fallopian tube anatomy and mechanical properties to determine pressure limits for endoscopic exploration. J Histotechnol 2022; 45:10-20. [PMID: 34496720 PMCID: PMC10566563 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2021.1972250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Falloposcopy is the endoscopic examination of the fallopian tubes, which are challenging to access due to their deep body location, small opening from the uterus, and lumen filled with plicae. We and others have developed endoscopes that are inserted through the uterus guided by a hysteroscope into the tubal ostium. To better understand how to utilize these endoscopes either as standalone devices or in concert with everting delivery balloons, a preliminary study of anatomy and mechanical behavior was performed ex vivo on porcine and human fallopian tubes. Segments of fallopian tubes from the isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum were inflated with saline either to bursting or held at sub-burst pressures with saline or a saline-filled balloon. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections stained with Masson's trichrome were examined for damage to the mucosa and muscularis. Porcine fallopian tubes tolerated saline pressurization at 15 psi for 1 minute without morphological damage. Balloon inflation to 15 psi caused no apparent damage to the muscle layer or rupture of the fallopian tube, but balloon movement within the tube can denude the mucosal epithelial layer. Human fallopian tubes averaged higher burst pressure values than porcine tubes. Under pressurization, the external tube diameter expanded by minimal to moderate amounts. Human and porcine tissues were similar in histological appearance. These studies suggest that moderate pressurization is acceptable but will not appreciably expand the fallopian tube diameter. The results also indicate that pigs are a reasonable model to study damage from falloscopy as seen in human tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Howard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Photini F S Rice
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Molly Keenan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - John Heusinkveld
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Chiu-Hsieh Hsu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jennifer K Barton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Parashar D, Geethadevi A, Mittal S, McAlarnen LA, George J, Kadamberi IP, Gupta P, Uyar DS, Hopp EE, Drendel H, Bishop EA, Bradley WH, Bone KM, Rader JS, Pradeep S, Chaluvally-Raghavan P. Patient-Derived Ovarian Cancer Spheroids Rely on PI3K-AKT Signaling Addiction for Cancer Stemness and Chemoresistance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040958. [PMID: 35205706 PMCID: PMC8870411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most fatal gynecological cancer with poor survival rates and high mortality. EOC patients respond to standard platinum-based chemotherapy in the beginning, but relapse often due to chemoresistance. Ovarian cancer cells disseminate from the ovarian tumors and spread within the abdomen, where ascites fluid supports the growth and transition. Malignant ascites is present in a third of patients at diagnosis and is considered as a major source of chemoresistance, recurrence, poor survival, and mortality. Malignant ascites is a complex fluid that contains a pro-tumorigenic environment with disseminated cancer cells in 3D spheroids form. In this study, we established an ovarian cancer cell line and identified that 3D spheroids develop from the 2D monolayer, and the platinum-resistant phenotype develops due to the aberrant PI3K-AKT signaling in tumor cells. Furthermore, when we used a combinatorial approach of cisplatin with LY-294002 (a PI3K-AKT dual kinase inhibitor) to treat the cisplatin version of both MCW-OV-SL-3 and A-2780 cell lines, it prevented the 3D spheroid formation ability and also sensitized the cells for cisplatin. In brief, our results provided evidence to advance therapeutic approaches to treat cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer patients. Abstract Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy among women worldwide and is characterized by aggressiveness, cancer stemness, and frequent relapse due to resistance to platinum-based therapy. Ovarian cancer cells metastasize through ascites fluid as 3D spheroids which are more resistant to apoptosis and chemotherapeutic agents. However, the precise mechanism as an oncogenic addiction that makes 3D spheroids resistant to apoptosis and chemotherapeutic agents is not understood. To study the signaling addiction mechanism that occurs during cancer progression in patients, we developed an endometrioid subtype ovarian cancer cell line named ‘MCW-OV-SL-3’ from the ovary of a 70-year-old patient with stage 1A endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovary. We found that the cell line MCW-OV-SL-3 exhibits interstitial duplication of 1q (q21–q42), where this duplication resulted in high expression of the PIK3C2B gene and aberrant activation of PI3K-AKT-ERK signaling. Using short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, we demonstrated that the cell line exhibits a unique genetic identity compared to existing ovarian cancer cell lines. Notably, the MCW-OV-SL-3 cell line was able to form 3D spheroids spontaneously, which is an inherent property of tumor cells when plated on cell culture dishes. Importantly, the tumor spheroids derived from the MCW-OV-SL-3 cell line expressed high levels of c-Kit, PROM1, ZEB1, SNAI, VIM, and Twist1 compared to 2D monolayer cells. We also observed that the hyperactivation of ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling in these cancer cells resulted in resistance to cisplatin. In summary, the MCW-OV-SL3 endometrioid cell line is an excellent model to study the mechanism of cancer stemness and chemoresistance in endometrioid ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Parashar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Anjali Geethadevi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Sonam Mittal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Lindsey A. McAlarnen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Jasmine George
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Ishaque P. Kadamberi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Prachi Gupta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Denise S. Uyar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Elizabeth E. Hopp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Holli Drendel
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (H.D.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Erin A. Bishop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - William H. Bradley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Kathleen M. Bone
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (H.D.); (K.M.B.)
| | - Janet S. Rader
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Pradeep Chaluvally-Raghavan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; (D.P.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (L.A.M.); (J.G.); (I.P.K.); (P.G.); (D.S.U.); (E.E.H.); (E.A.B.); (W.H.B.); (J.S.R.); (S.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Correspondence:
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Long Noncoding RNA Mediated Regulation in Human Embryogenesis, Pluripotency, and Reproduction. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:8051717. [PMID: 35103065 PMCID: PMC8800634 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8051717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs with more than 200 bp in length, are produced by pervasive transcription in mammalian genomes and regulate gene expression through various action mechanisms. Accumulating data indicate that lncRNAs mediate essential biological functions in human development, including early embryogenesis, induction of pluripotency, and germ cell development. Comprehensive analysis of sequencing data highlights that lncRNAs are expressed in a stage-specific and human/primate-specific pattern during early human development. They contribute to cell fate determination through interacting with almost all classes of cellular biomolecules, including proteins, DNA, mRNAs, and microRNAs. Furthermore, the expression of a few of lncRNAs is highly associated with the pathogenesis and progression of many reproductive diseases, suggesting that they could serve as candidate biomarkers for diagnosis or novel targets for treatment. Here, we review research on lncRNAs and their roles in embryogenesis, pluripotency, and reproduction. We aim to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms essential for human development and provide novel insight into the causes and treatments of human reproductive diseases.
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tRNA GlyGCC-Derived Internal Fragment (i-tRF-GlyGCC) in Ovarian Cancer Treatment Outcome and Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010024. [PMID: 35008188 PMCID: PMC8750938 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains a highly-lethal gynecological malignancy, characterized by frequent recurrence, chemotherapy resistance and poor 5-year survival. Identifying novel predictive molecular markers remains an overdue challenge in the disease's clinical management. Herein, in silico analysis of TCGA-OV highlighted the tRNA-derived internal fragment (i-tRF-GlyGCC) among the most abundant tRFs in ovarian tumors, while target prediction and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis predicted its implication in key biological processes. Thereafter, i-tRF-GlyGCC levels were quantified in a screening EOC (n = 98) and an institutionally-independent serous ovarian cancer (SOC) validation cohort (n = 100, OVCAD multicenter study). Disease progression and patient death were used as clinical endpoints for the survival analysis. Internal validation was performed by bootstrap analysis and the clinical net benefit was estimated by decision curve analysis. The analysis highlighted the significant association of i-tRF-GlyGCC with advanced FIGO stages, suboptimal debulking and most importantly, with early progression and poor overall survival of EOC patients. The OVCAD validation cohort corroborated the unfavorable predictive value of i-tRF-GlyGCC in EOC. Ultimately, evaluation of i-tRF-GlyGCC with the established/clinically used prognostic markers offered superior patient risk-stratification and enhanced clinical benefit in EOC prognosis. In conclusion, i-tRF-GlyGCC assessment could aid towards personalized prognosis and support precision medicine decisions in EOC.
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Yucer N, Ahdoot R, Workman MJ, Laperle AH, Recouvreux MS, Kurowski K, Naboulsi DJ, Liang V, Qu Y, Plummer JT, Gayther SA, Orsulic S, Karlan BY, Svendsen CN. Human iPSC-derived fallopian tube organoids with BRCA1 mutation recapitulate early-stage carcinogenesis. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110146. [PMID: 34965417 PMCID: PMC9000920 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline pathogenic mutations in BReast CAncer (BRCA1) genes are thought to drive normal fallopian tube epithelial (FTE) cell transformation to high-grade serous ovarian cancer. No human models capture the sequence of events for disease initiation and progression. Here, we generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from healthy individuals and young ovarian cancer patients with germline pathogenic BRCA1 mutations (BRCA1mut). Following differentiation into FTE organoids, BRCA1mut lines exhibit cellular abnormalities consistent with neoplastic transformation compared to controls. BRCA1mut organoids show an increased production of cancer-specific proteins and survival following transplantation into mice. Organoids from women with the most aggressive ovarian cancer show the greatest pathology, indicating the potential value to predict clinical severity prior to disease onset. These human FTE organoids from BRCA1mut carriers provide a faithful physiological in vitro model of FTE lesion generation and early carcinogenesis. This platform can be used for personalized mechanistic and drug screening studies. Yucer et al. generate a human BRCA1 mutant iPSC-derived fallopian tube organoid model, which recapitulates BRCA1 mutant ovarian carcinogenesis in vitro and shows tumors in vivo. This model provides a biologically relevant platform to validate drugs and a basis for personalized early detection and preventative strategies for women carrying BRCA1 mutations.
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Circulating Exosomal miRNAs as Biomarkers in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101433. [PMID: 34680550 PMCID: PMC8533168 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure to detect early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a major contributing factor to its low survival rate. Increasing evidence suggests that different subtypes of EOC may behave as distinct diseases due to their different cells of origins, histology and treatment responses. Therefore, the identification of EOC subtype-specific biomarkers that can early detect the disease should be clinically beneficial. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by different types of cells and carry biological molecules, which play important roles in cell-cell communication and regulation of various biological processes. Multiple studies have proposed that exosomal miRNAs present in the circulation are good biomarkers for non-invasive early detection of cancer. In this review, the potential use of exosomal miRNAs as early detection biomarkers for EOCs and their accuracy are discussed. We also review the differential expression of circulating exosomal miRNAs and cell-free miRNAs between different biofluid sources, i.e., plasma and serum, and touch on the issue of endogenous reference miRNA selection. Additionally, the current clinical trials using miRNAs for detecting EOCs are summarized. In conclusion, circulating exosomal miRNAs as the non-invasive biomarkers have a high potential for early detection of EOC and its subtypes, and are likely to be clinically important in the future.
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Potential Role of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystalline for Early Diagnostics of Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101741. [PMID: 34679439 PMCID: PMC8534774 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcification is one of the clinical and morphological manifestations of ovarian tumors and it begins at the initial stages of carcinogenesis. Thus, this process can be used for the early diagnostics of some malignant ovarian tumors. We compared the results of ultrasound and histology and found that calcifications of a size less than 200 μm are not detected by ultrasound. These calcified structures are round fragile particles of different sizes. In the EDX (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) spectra, the main lines were from Ca and P, and the ratio of these elements corresponds to hydroxyapatite. Thus, we established that hydroxyapatite is the main mineral component of ovarian psammoma bodies and could be used for early diagnostics of ovarian malignant neoplasia.
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Guo R, Xu Q, Liu L, Liu H, Liu Y, Wei W, Qin Y. Bioactive Hexapeptide Reduced the Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cells to DDP by Affecting HSF1/HSP70 Signaling Pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:6081-6093. [PMID: 34539881 PMCID: PMC8425193 DOI: 10.7150/jca.62285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death in gynecologic malignancies. Ovarian cancer as a metastatic malignant tumor is highly recurrent and prone to drug resistance. Bioactive peptides are an emerging area of biomedical research in reducing resistance of tumor cell to drugs. In this paper, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of bioactive hexapeptide (PGPIPN) derived in milk protein on the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (DDP). Human ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and COC1), their DDP-resistant sublines (SKOV3/DDP and COC1/DDP) and human primary ovarian cancer cells were cultured in vitro under the combined treatment of DDP (close to IC50) and different concentrations of PGPIPN. The viabilities, apoptosis and cell cycle changes were respectively measured by WST-8 and flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HSF1, HSP70, MDR1, ERCC1 and β-actin gene were respectively assayed by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The results showed that PGPIPN significantly increased the sensitivity of human ovarian cancer cells to DDP in inhibiting viability and inducing apoptosis in vitro. But the effects in sensitive cells were lower than DDP-resistant cells. PGPIPN significantly changed the cell cycles in all human ovarian cancer cells, which leaded to a significant increase in the percentage of cells blocked at G2/M phase and decrease the percentage of cells at G1 phases in a dose-dependent manner. PGPIPN affected the expression levels of HSF1, HSP70, MDR1 and ERCC1 genes. Compared with cells in DDP treatment alone, the expression levels of HSF1 and HSP70 in human ovarian cancer cells treated with DDP and PGPIPN together significantly decreased in dose-dependent manner. PGPIPN significantly decreased MDR1 and ERCC1 of drug-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines and human primary ovarian cancer cell in a dose-dependent manner. Pifithrin-μ (PFTμ, HSP70 inhibitor) decreased or removed the effects of peptide in increasing the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to DDP. This suggests that PGPIPN enhanced the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to DDP partially via reducing the activity of HSF1/HSP70 signaling pathway, thus inducing cell apoptosis and decreasing repairment of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruowen Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Qia Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Medical Laboratory Centre, PLA Clinical College (901 Hospital) of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Wenmei Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yide Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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John-Olabode SO, Okunade KS, Olorunfemi G, Soibi-Harry A, Rimi G, Osunwusi B, Okunowo A, Amaeshi L, Anorlu R. Pretreatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio: A Prognostic Biomarker of Survival in Patients With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cureus 2021; 13:e16429. [PMID: 34422466 PMCID: PMC8369986 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is pathognomonic of all stages of tumor formation, and therefore, there is renewed interest in systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers including haematological inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as prognostic predictors in several cancers. Aim This study was aimed to investigate the effect of pretreatment peripheral blood NLR on the survival prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods We identified 93 patients with a complete clinical record from a cohort of 155 patients who received treatment for EOC between 2009 and 2018. Patients’ sociodemographic and clinicopathologic characteristics, and updated three-year follow-up status were extracted from medical records. Pretreatment peripheral blood NLR was calculated by dividing the neutrophil count by the lymphocyte count. We employed the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to identify the optimal cut-off value of the NLR in estimating progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The PFS and OS were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival differences were compared using the Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) test. Independent prognostic predictors were determined using Cox regression analysis. Results According to the ROC curves, the optimal cut-off values for the NLR were 2.23 and 1.93 for PFS and OS, respectively. A high NLR was associated with poor PFS (P = 0.033) and OS (P = 0.013) in the univariate analyses. In the multivariate analyses, a high NLR was still an independent predictor of OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 4.61) but not PFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.43; 95% CI, 0.95 to 6.27). Conclusion The NLR at an optimum cut-off value of 1.93 is an independent prognostic predictor of OS in patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah O John-Olabode
- Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, NGA
| | - Kehinde S Okunade
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, NGA.,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, NGA
| | - Gbenga Olorunfemi
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, ZAF
| | - Adaiah Soibi-Harry
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, NGA
| | - Garba Rimi
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, NGA
| | - Benedetto Osunwusi
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, NGA
| | - Adeyemi Okunowo
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, NGA
| | | | - Rose Anorlu
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, NGA
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Okunade KS, Adejimi AA, Ohazurike EO, Salako O, Osunwusi B, Adenekan MA, Ugwu AO, Soibi-Harry A, Dawodu O, Okunowo AA, Anorlu RI, Berek JS. Predictors of Survival Outcomes After Primary Treatment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Lagos, Nigeria. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 7:89-98. [PMID: 33449803 PMCID: PMC8081541 DOI: 10.1200/go.20.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the clinicopathologic predictors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) following primary treatment in Lagos, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using data from a retrospective cohort of 126 patients who received treatment for EOC between 2010 and 2018, we identified 83 patients with a complete clinical record for subsequent data analysis. Patients' demographics and updated 2-year follow-up status were abstracted from medical records. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were compared using the log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard models were used for multivariate analysis to identify independent predictors of survivals following treatment in EOC patients. RESULTS The median PFS and OS were 12 and 24 months, respectively. After adjusting for covariates in the multivariate analysis, younger age ≤ 55 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.74; P = .01) and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I/II (HR = 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.08; P = .01) were independent predictors of improved PFS, whereas being premenopausal (HR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.16 to 4.75; P = .02) was an independent predictor of reduced OS after 2-year follow-up. CONCLUSION PFS could be predicted by the age and FIGO stage of the disease, whereas menopausal status was predictive of OS in patients with EOC. This knowledge should form the basis for counseling patients with ovarian cancer during their primary treatment and lend support to the importance of aggressive follow-up and monitoring for the older, premenopausal patients and those with an advanced stage of epithelial ovarian cancer. However, robust longitudinal research should be carried out to provide additional reliable insight to this information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde Sharafadeen Okunade
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.,Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adebola A Adejimi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ephraim O Ohazurike
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Omolola Salako
- Department of Clinical and Radiation Oncology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Benedetto Osunwusi
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Muisi A Adenekan
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Aloy O Ugwu
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adaiah Soibi-Harry
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olayemi Dawodu
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adeyemi A Okunowo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.,Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Rose I Anorlu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.,Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Jonathan S Berek
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Comprehending the Proteomic Landscape of Ovarian Cancer: A Road to the Discovery of Disease Biomarkers. Proteomes 2021; 9:proteomes9020025. [PMID: 34070600 PMCID: PMC8163166 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent technological advancements allowing the characterization of cancers at a molecular level along with biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, the management of ovarian cancers (OC) remains challenging. Proteins assume functions encoded by the genome and the complete set of proteins, termed the proteome, reflects the health state. Comprehending the circulatory proteomic profiles for OC subtypes, therefore, has the potential to reveal biomarkers with clinical utility concerning early diagnosis or to predict response to specific therapies. Furthermore, characterization of the proteomic landscape of tumor-derived tissue, cell lines, and PDX models has led to the molecular stratification of patient groups, with implications for personalized therapy and management of drug resistance. Here, we review single and multiple marker panels that have been identified through proteomic investigations of patient sera, effusions, and other biospecimens. We discuss their clinical utility and implementation into clinical practice.
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Jing F, Jing C, Dai X, Zhou G, Di S, Bi X, Dai T, Qin T, Hong L. Sphingomyelin synthase 2 but not sphingomyelin synthase 1 is upregulated in ovarian cancer and involved in migration, growth and survival via different mechanisms. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:4412-4421. [PMID: 34150023 PMCID: PMC8205710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin synthase 1 (SMS1) and 2 (SMS2) are two enzymes required for sphingomyelin de novo synthesis, and their roles in tumor transformation and development have been recently recognized. In this work, we systematically evaluated the expression patterns of SMS1 and 2 in ovarian cancer patient samples and cell lines. Furthermore, we analyzed the functions of SMS2 and its underlying mechanisms. We observed a specific increase in SMS2 expression in ovarian cancer tissues compared to the adjacent normal ovary tissues in majority of patients' samples. This is regardless of their clinico-pathological characteristics. SMS1 expression was similar between ovarian cancer and its normal counterpart in 30 patients tested. The upregulation of SMS2 but not SMS1 was also reproducible in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines. Functional analysis indicated that SMS2 plays a predominant role in promoting migration rather than proliferation in ovarian cancer. SMS2 depletion suppressed migration, growth and survival, and furthermore this was dependent on SMS2 baseline level in ovarian cancer cells. SMS2 inhibition significantly augmented cisplatin's efficacy. We further found that migration inhibition induced by SMS2 depletion was largely due to the suppression of RhoA/ROCK/LIMK/cofilin and RhoA/ROCK/FAK/paxillin pathways. In addition, lipid metabolism disruption, oxidative stress and damage, and impaired mitochondrial function contributed to the inhibitory effects of SMS2 depletion in ovarian cancer growth and survival. Our work demonstrates that SMS2 but not SMS1 is upregulated in ovarian cancer and involved in migration, growth and survival via different mechanisms. Our findings highlight the therapeutic value of SMS2 inhibition in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Jing
- Department of Gynaecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Chao Jing
- Department of Stomatology, Cangbu Central Hospital of Xinzhou DistrictWuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- Department of Gynaecology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital)Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital)Wuhan, China
| | - Shi Di
- Department of Gynaecology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital)Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Bi
- Department of Gynaecology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital)Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Dai
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital)Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital)Wuhan, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Gynaecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
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40
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An H, Wang Y, Wong EMF, Lyu S, Han L, Perucho JAU, Cao P, Lee EYP. CT texture analysis in histological classification of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:5050-5058. [PMID: 33409777 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to compare the ability of morphological and texture features derived from contrast-enhanced CT in histological subtyping of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). METHODS Consecutive 205 patients with newly diagnosed EOC who underwent contrast-enhanced CT were included and dichotomised into high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) and non-HGSC. Clinical information including age and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) was documented. The pre-treatment images were analysed using commercial software, TexRAD, by two independent radiologists. Eight qualitative CT morphological features were evaluated, and 36 CT texture features at 6 spatial scale factors (SSFs) were extracted per patient. Features' reduction was based on kappa score, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), univariate ROC analysis and Pearson's correlation test. Texture features with ICC ≥ 0.8 were compared by histological subtypes. Patients were randomly divided into training and testing sets by 8:2. Two random forest classifiers were determined and compared: model 1 incorporating selected morphological and clinical features and model 2 incorporating selected texture and clinical features. RESULTS HGSC showed specifically higher texture features than non-HGSC (p < 0.05). Both models performed highly in predicting histological subtypes of EOC (model 1: AUC 0.891 and model 2: AUC 0.937), and no statistical significance was found between the two models (p = 0.464). CONCLUSION CT texture analysis provides objective and quantitative metrics on tumour characteristics with HGSC demonstrating specifically high texture features. The model incorporating texture analysis could classify histology subtypes of EOC with high accuracy and performed as well as morphological features. KEY POINTS • A number of CT morphological and texture features showed good inter- and intra-observer agreements. • High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma showed specifically higher CT texture features than non-high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. • CT texture analysis could differentiate histological subtypes of epithelial ovarian carcinoma with high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He An
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yiang Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Esther M F Wong
- Department of Radiology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Shanshan Lyu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lujun Han
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jose A U Perucho
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Elaine Y P Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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Novel Chimeric Poxvirus CF17 Improves Survival in a Murine Model of Intraperitoneal Ovarian Cancer Metastasis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:278-282. [PMID: 33251335 PMCID: PMC7672245 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite improvements in surgical techniques and chemotherapy, ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecologic cancer. Thus, there is an urgent need for more effective therapeutics, particularly for chemo-resistant peritoneal ovarian cancer metastases. Oncolytic virotherapy represents an innovative treatment paradigm; however, for oncolytic viruses tested from the last generation of genetically engineered viruses, the therapeutic benefits have been modest. To overcome these limitations, we generated a chimeric poxvirus, CF17, through the chimerization of nine species of orthopoxviruses. Compared with its parental viruses, CF17 has demonstrated superior oncolytic characteristics. Here, we report the oncolytic potential of CF17 in ovarian cancer. Replication of CF17 and its resulting cytotoxicity were observed at multiplicities of infection (MOIs) as low as 0.001 in human and mouse cancer cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, CF17 exerted potent antitumor effects in a syngeneic mouse model of ovarian cancer at doses as low as 6 × 106 plaque-forming units. Together, these data merit further investigation of the potential use of this novel chimeric poxvirus as an effective treatment for aggressive intraperitoneal ovarian cancer.
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42
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CA125 and Ovarian Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123730. [PMID: 33322519 PMCID: PMC7763876 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CA125 has been the most promising biomarker for screening ovarian cancer; however, it still does not have an acceptable accuracy in population-based screening for ovarian cancer. In this review article, we have discussed the role of CA125 in diagnosis, evaluating response to treatment and prognosis of ovarian cancer and provided some suggestions in improving the clinical utility of this biomarker in the early diagnosis of aggressive ovarian cancers. These include using CA125 to screen individuals with symptoms who seek medical care rather than screening the general population, increasing the cutoff point for the CA125 level in the plasma and performing the test at point-of-care rather than laboratory testing. By these strategies, we would detect more aggressive ovarian cancer patients in stages that the tumour can be completely removed by surgery, which is the most important factor in redusing recurrence rate and improving the survival of the patients with ovarian cancer. Abstract Ovarian cancer is the second most lethal gynecological malignancy. The tumour biomarker CA125 has been used as the primary ovarian cancer marker for the past four decades. The focus on diagnosing ovarian cancer in stages I and II using CA125 as a diagnostic biomarker has not improved patients’ survival. Therefore, screening average-risk asymptomatic women with CA125 is not recommended by any professional society. The dualistic model of ovarian cancer carcinogenesis suggests that type II tumours are responsible for the majority of ovarian cancer mortality. However, type II tumours are rarely diagnosed in stages I and II. The recent shift of focus to the diagnosis of low volume type II ovarian cancer in its early stages of evolution provides a new and valuable target for screening. Type II ovarian cancers are usually diagnosed in advanced stages and have significantly higher CA125 levels than type I tumours. The detection of low volume type II carcinomas in stage IIIa/b is associated with a higher likelihood for optimal cytoreduction, the most robust prognostic indicator for ovarian cancer patients. The diagnosis of type II ovarian cancer in the early substages of stage III with CA125 may be possible using a higher cutoff point rather than the traditionally used 35 U/mL through the use of point-of-care CA125 assays in primary care facilities. Rapid point-of-care testing also has the potential for effective longitudinal screening and quick monitoring of ovarian cancer patients during and after treatment. This review covers the role of CA125 in the diagnosis and management of ovarian cancer and explores novel and more effective screening strategies with CA125.
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Abreu S, Silva F, Mendes R, Mendes TF, Teixeira M, Santo VE, Boghaert ER, Félix A, Brito C. Patient-derived ovarian cancer explants: preserved viability and histopathological features in long-term agitation-based cultures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19462. [PMID: 33173111 PMCID: PMC7655823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma (OvC) remains a major therapeutic challenge due to its propensity to develop resistance after an initial response to chemotherapy. Interactions of tumour cells with the surrounding microenvironment play a role in tumour survival, invasion capacity and drug resistance. Cancer models that retain tissue architecture and tumour microenvironment components are therefore essential to understand drug response and resistance mechanisms. Herein, our goal was to develop a long-term OvC patient-derived explant (OvC-PDE) culture strategy in which architecture and cell type heterogeneity of the original tumour would be retained. Samples from 25 patients with distinct OvC types and one with a benign tumour, were cultured for 30 days in agitation-based culture systems with 100% success rate. OvC-PDE cultures retained the original tumour architecture and main cellular components: epithelial cells, fibroblasts and immune cells. Epithelial cells kept their original levels of proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, the major extracellular components, such as collagen-I and -IV, were retained in explants. OvC-PDE cultures were exposed to standard-of-care chemotherapeutics agents for 2 weeks, attesting the ability of the platform for drug assays employing cyclic drug exposure regimens. We established an OvC-PDE dynamic culture in which tumour architecture and cell type heterogeneity were preserved for the different OvC types, replicating features of the original tumour and compatible with long-term drug exposure for drug efficacy and resistance studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Abreu
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Silva
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, CEDOC-FCM-NOVA, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, R. Câmara Pestana 6, 1150-078, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita Mendes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Teresa F Mendes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marta Teixeira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Vítor E Santo
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Erwin R Boghaert
- AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064-6098, USA
| | - Ana Félix
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, CEDOC-FCM-NOVA, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, R. Câmara Pestana 6, 1150-078, Lisbon, Portugal
- IPOLFG, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, R. Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Brito
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
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Zuber E, Schweitzer D, Allen D, Parte S, Kakar SS. Stem Cells in Ovarian Cancer and Potential Therapies. PROCEEDINGS OF STEM CELL RESEARCH AND ONCOGENESIS 2020; 8:e1001. [PMID: 32776013 PMCID: PMC7413600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zuber
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202
| | - Diana Schweitzer
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202
| | - Dominick Allen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202
| | - Seema Parte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE-68198-5870
| | - Sham S. Kakar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY40202
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202
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Baci D, Bosi A, Gallazzi M, Rizzi M, Noonan DM, Poggi A, Bruno A, Mortara L. The Ovarian Cancer Tumor Immune Microenvironment (TIME) as Target for Therapy: A Focus on Innate Immunity Cells as Therapeutic Effectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093125. [PMID: 32354198 PMCID: PMC7247443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCA) accounts for one of the leading causes of death from gynecologic malignancy. Despite progress in therapy improvements in OvCA, most patients develop a recurrence after first-line treatments, dependent on the tumor and non-tumor complexity/heterogeneity of the neoplasm and its surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME has gained greater attention in the design of specific therapies within the new era of immunotherapy. It is now clear that the immune contexture in OvCA, here referred as tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), acts as a crucial orchestrator of OvCA progression, thus representing a necessary target for combined therapies. Currently, several advancements of antitumor immune responses in OvCA are based on the characterization of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, which have been shown to correlate with a significantly improved clinical outcome. Here, we reviewed the literature on selected TIME components of OvCA, such as macrophages, neutrophils, γδ T lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells; these cells can have a role in either supporting or limiting OvCA, depending on the TIME stimuli. We also reviewed and discussed the major (immune)-therapeutic approaches currently employed to target and/or potentiate macrophages, neutrophils, γδ T lymphocytes, and NK cells in the OvCA context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Baci
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.R.); (D.M.N.)
| | - Annalisa Bosi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Matteo Gallazzi
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.R.); (D.M.N.)
| | - Manuela Rizzi
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.R.); (D.M.N.)
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.R.); (D.M.N.)
- IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- UOSD Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | | | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (D.B.); (M.G.); (M.R.); (D.M.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Hu Z, Artibani M, Alsaadi A, Wietek N, Morotti M, Shi T, Zhong Z, Santana Gonzalez L, El-Sahhar S, Carrami EM, Mallett G, Feng Y, Masuda K, Zheng Y, Chong K, Damato S, Dhar S, Campo L, Garruto Campanile R, Soleymani Majd H, Rai V, Maldonado-Perez D, Jones S, Cerundolo V, Sauka-Spengler T, Yau C, Ahmed AA. The Repertoire of Serous Ovarian Cancer Non-genetic Heterogeneity Revealed by Single-Cell Sequencing of Normal Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cells. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:226-242.e7. [PMID: 32049047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The inter-differentiation between cell states promotes cancer cell survival under stress and fosters non-genetic heterogeneity (NGH). NGH is, therefore, a surrogate of tumor resilience but its quantification is confounded by genetic heterogeneity. Here we show that NGH in serous ovarian cancer (SOC) can be accurately measured when informed by the molecular signatures of the normal fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) cells, the cells of origin of SOC. Surveying the transcriptomes of ∼6,000 FTE cells, predominantly from non-ovarian cancer patients, identified 6 FTE subtypes. We used subtype signatures to deconvolute SOC expression data and found substantial intra-tumor NGH. Importantly, NGH-based stratification of ∼1,700 tumors robustly correlated with survival. Our findings lay the foundation for accurate prognostic and therapeutic stratification of SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Hu
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Mara Artibani
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Gene Regulatory Networks in Development and Disease Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Abdulkhaliq Alsaadi
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Nina Wietek
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Gynecological Oncology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Matteo Morotti
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Gynecological Oncology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Tingyan Shi
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Zhe Zhong
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Laura Santana Gonzalez
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Salma El-Sahhar
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Eli M Carrami
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Garry Mallett
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yun Feng
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Kenta Masuda
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yiyan Zheng
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Kay Chong
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Stephen Damato
- Department of Histopathology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sunanda Dhar
- Department of Histopathology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Leticia Campo
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Riccardo Garruto Campanile
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Hooman Soleymani Majd
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Vikram Rai
- Department of Gynaecology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David Maldonado-Perez
- Oxford Radcliffe Biobank, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Second Floor, Unipart House Business Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Stephanie Jones
- Oxford Radcliffe Biobank, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tatjana Sauka-Spengler
- Gene Regulatory Networks in Development and Disease Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christopher Yau
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Centre for Computational Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Alan Turing Institute, London NW1 2DB, UK.
| | - Ahmed Ashour Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Gynecological Oncology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.
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Liot S, Aubert A, Hervieu V, Kholti NE, Schalkwijk J, Verrier B, Valcourt U, Lambert E. Loss of Tenascin-X expression during tumor progression: A new pan-cancer marker. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 6-7:100021. [PMID: 33543019 PMCID: PMC7852205 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a systemic disease involving multiple components produced from both tumor cells themselves and surrounding stromal cells. The pro- or anti-tumoral role of the stroma is still under debate. Indeed, it has long been considered the main physical barrier to the diffusion of chemotherapy by its dense and fibrous nature and its poor vascularization. However, in murine models, the depletion of fibroblasts, the main ExtraCellular Matrix (ECM)-producing cells, led to more aggressive tumors even though they were more susceptible to anti-angiogenic and immuno-modulators. Tenascin-C (TNC) is a multifunctional matricellular glycoprotein (i.e. an ECM protein also able to induce signaling pathway) and is considered as a marker of tumor expansion and metastasis. However, the status of other tenascin (TN) family members and particularly Tenascin-X (TNX) has been far less studied during this pathological process and is still controversial. Herein, through (1) in silico analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and (2) immunohistochemistry staining of Tissue MicroArrays (TMA), we performed a large and extensive study of TNX expression at both mRNA and protein levels (1) in the 6 cancers with the highest incidence and mortality in the world (i.e. lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, stomach and liver) and (2) in the cancers for which sparse data regarding TNX expression already exist in the literature. We thus demonstrated that, in most cancers, TNX expression is significantly downregulated during cancer progression and we also highlighted, when data were available, that high TNXB mRNA expression in cancer is correlated with a good survival prognosis.
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Key Words
- CAF, Cancer-Associated Fibroblast
- Cancers
- D.E.G., Differentially Expressed Genes
- ECM, Extracellular Matrix
- EDS, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- FBG, fibrinogen
- FNIII, fibronectin type III
- GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus
- GSE, GEO Series
- HDAC1, histone deacetylase-1
- MMP, Matrix Metalloproteinase
- MPNST, Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
- Meta-analysis
- Prognosis marker
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TMA, Tissue MicroArray
- TME, Tumor MicroEnvironment
- TN, Tenascin
- TNC, Tenascin-C
- TNR, Tenascin-R
- TNW, Tenascin-W
- TNX, Tenascin-X
- TSS, Transcription Start Site
- Tenascin-X
- Tissue MicroArray
- lncRNA, long non-coding RNA
- mRNA and protein levels
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Liot
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique (LBTI), UMR CNRS 5305, Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7, passage du Vercors, F-69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Alexandre Aubert
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique (LBTI), UMR CNRS 5305, Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7, passage du Vercors, F-69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Valérie Hervieu
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Naïma El Kholti
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique (LBTI), UMR CNRS 5305, Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7, passage du Vercors, F-69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Joost Schalkwijk
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 370 Geert Grooteplein-Zuid 26 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique (LBTI), UMR CNRS 5305, Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7, passage du Vercors, F-69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Ulrich Valcourt
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique (LBTI), UMR CNRS 5305, Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7, passage du Vercors, F-69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Elise Lambert
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique (LBTI), UMR CNRS 5305, Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7, passage du Vercors, F-69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Braga LDC, Gonçales NG, Furtado RDS, de Andrade WP, Silva LM, da Silva Filho AL. Apoptosis-related gene expression can predict the response of ovarian cancer cell lines to treatment with recombinant human TRAIL alone or combined with cisplatin. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2020; 75:e1492. [PMID: 32187278 PMCID: PMC7061320 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the sensitivity of ovarian cancer (OC) cell lines (TOV-21G and SKOV-3) to cisplatin and to the recombinant human TRAIL (rhTRAIL), and to evaluate the expression profile of TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF10C, TP53TG5, MDM2, BAX, BCL-2 and CASPASE-8 genes and their participation in the resistance/susceptibility mechanism of these tumor cell lines. METHODS To determine the IC50 values associated with Cisplatin and rhTRAIL, inhibition of cell growth was observed using MTT assays in two human OC cell lines (SKOV-3 and TOV-21G). The analysis of gene expression was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Both cell lines had different susceptibility profiles to the tested drugs. In the SKOV-3 cell line, the IC50 values for cisplatin and for rhTRAIL were 270.83 ug/mL and 196.5 ng/mL, respectively. The same concentrations were used for TOV-21G. Different gene expression profiles were observed in each tested cell line. CASPASE-8 and TNFRSF10B expression levels could predict the response of both the cell lines to rhTRAIL alone or the response to a combination of rhTRAIL and cisplatin. In addition, we observed a relationship between BCL-2 and BAX expression that may be helpful in estimating the proliferation rate of the OC cell lines. CONCLUSION SKOV-3 and TOV-21G respond differently to cisplatin and rhTRAIL exposure, and expression of CASPASE-8 and TNFRSF10B are good predictors of responses to these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia da Conceição Braga
- Servico de Biologia Celular da Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundacao Ezequiel Dias-Funed, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | - Nikole Gontijo Gonçales
- Servico de Biologia Celular da Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundacao Ezequiel Dias-Funed, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | - Rafaela de Souza Furtado
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | - Warne Pedro de Andrade
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas e Biologicas de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, BR
| | - Luciana Maria Silva
- Servico de Biologia Celular da Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundacao Ezequiel Dias-Funed, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | - Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas e Biologicas de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Salminen L, Nadeem N, Jain S, Grènman S, Carpén O, Hietanen S, Oksa S, Lamminmäki U, Pettersson K, Gidwani K, Huhtinen K, Hynninen J. A longitudinal analysis of CA125 glycoforms in the monitoring and follow up of high grade serous ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 156:689-694. [PMID: 31889528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is generally considered the gold standard of biomarkers in the diagnosis and monitoring of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). We recently reported, that two CA125 glycoforms (CA125-STn and CA125-MGL) have a high specificity to HGSC and further hypothesized, that these cancer specific glycoforms are feasible candidates as biomarkers in HGSC treatment and follow up. METHODS Our cohort consisted of 122 patients diagnosed with HGSC. Serum samples were collected longitudinally at the time of diagnosis, during treatment and follow up. Serum levels of CA125, CA125-STn and CA125-MGL were determined and compared or correlated with different end points (tumor load assessed intraoperatively, residual disease, treatment response, progression free survival). RESULTS Serum CA125-STn levels at diagnosis differentiated patients with low tumor load and high tumor load (p = 0,030), indicating a favorable detection of tumor volume. Similarly, the CA125-STn levels at diagnosis were significantly lower in patients with subsequent complete cytoreduction than in patients with suboptimal cytoreduction (p = 0,025). Conventional CA125 did not differentiate these patients (p = 0,363 and p = 0,154). The CA125-STn nadir value predicted the progression free survival of patients. The detection of disease relapse was improved with CA125-STn, which presented higher fold increase in 80,0% of patients and earlier increase in 37,0% of patients. CONCLUSIONS CA125-STn showed promise as a useful biomarker in the monitoring and follow up of patients with HGSC utilizing a robust and affordable technique. Our findings are topical as a suitable indicator of tumor load facilitates patient selection in an era of new targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liina Salminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Nimrah Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Shruti Jain
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Seija Grènman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Carpén
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Cancer, Infections and Immunity, Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Pathology and Genome Scale Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Hietanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sinikka Oksa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Satakunta Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Urpo Lamminmäki
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kim Pettersson
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kamlesh Gidwani
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Cancer, Infections and Immunity, Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Guo J, Pan H. Long Noncoding RNA LINC01125 Enhances Cisplatin Sensitivity of Ovarian Cancer via miR-1972. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9844-9854. [PMID: 31865363 PMCID: PMC6938651 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most frequent aggressive cancer among women worldwide, and chemoresistance is the major challenge in the clinical treatment of OC. Recently, there is evidence that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to the regulation of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance in OC cells. However, whether LINC01125, a novel lncRNA, can improve the sensitivity of OC to cisplatin remains unknown. Material/Methods In this study, we analyzed aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in miR-200a-overexpressing OC samples by using GSE122123. LINC01125 and miR-1972 expressions were measured by qRT-PCR. The effect of LINC01125 overexpression on cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. The sensitivity of OC cells to cisplatin was determined by CCK-8 assays. The interaction between LINC01125 and miR-1972 was verified through dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, and bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the target genes of miR-1972. Results Our results indicated that LINC01125 expression was significantly downregulated in CDDP-resistant OC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of LINC01125 inhibited OC cell proliferation and enhanced the cytotoxicity of CDDP in OC cells. Additionally, LINC01125 participated in the apoptosis pathway by directly binding to miR-1972 in OC cells. Conclusions Therefore, we suggest that LINC01125 might act as a tumor suppressor in OC and enhances the cisplatin sensitivity of OC cells by binding to miR-1972.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Lanzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Hua Pan
- Department of Obstetrics, Lanzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
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