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Dang P, Lu C, Huang T, Zhang M, Yang N, Han X, Xu C, Wang S, Wan C, Qin X, Siddique KHM. Enhancing intercropping sustainability: Manipulating soybean rhizosphere microbiome through cropping patterns. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172714. [PMID: 38679108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the responses of soybean rhizosphere and functional microbiomes in intercropping scenarios holds promise for optimizing nitrogen utilization in legume-based intercropping systems. This study investigated three cropping layouts under film mulching: sole soybean (S), soybean-maize intercropping in one row (IS), and soybean-maize intercropping in two rows (IIS), each subjected to two nitrogen levels: 110 kg N ha-1 (N110) and 180 kg N ha-1 (N180). Our findings reveal that cropping patterns alter bacterial and nifh communities, with approximately 5 % of soybean rhizosphere bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 42 % of rhizosphere nifh ASVs exhibiting altered abundances (termed sensitive ASVs). Root traits and soil properties shape these communities, with root traits exerting greater influence. Sensitive ASVs drive microbial co-occurrence networks and deterministic processes, predicting 85 % of yield variance and 78 % of partial factor productivity of nitrogen, respectively. These alterations impact bacterial and nifh diversity, complexity, stability, and deterministic processes in legume-based intercropping systems, enhancing performance in terms of yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency, land equivalent ratio, root nodule count, and nodule dry weight under IIS patterns with N110 compared to other treatments. Our findings underscore the importance of field management practices in shaping rhizosphere-sensitive ASVs, thereby altering microbial functions and ultimately impacting the productivity of legume-based intercropping systems. This mechanistic understanding of soybean rhizosphere microbial responses to intercropping patterns offers insights for sustainable intercropping enhancements through microbial manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Dang
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tiantian Huang
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoqing Han
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chunhong Xu
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shiguang Wang
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chenxi Wan
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoliang Qin
- College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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de Sousa RDSDR, Lima GVS, Garcias JT, Gomes GDO, Mateus JR, Madeira LDPDS, Seldin L, Rogez HLG, Marques JM. The Microbial Community Structure in the Rhizosphere of Theobroma cacao L. and Euterpe oleracea Mart. Is Influenced by Agriculture System in the Brazilian Amazon. Microorganisms 2024; 12:398. [PMID: 38399802 PMCID: PMC10892126 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that cocoa monoculture (MS) and cocoa-açai agroforestry systems (AFS) may influence the microbial community structure and populations of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR). Accordingly, the aim was to analyze the microbial community structure and PGPR populations in different agroecosystems in the Brazilian Amazon. To achieve this, the rhizosphere microbial community of cocoa and açai plants in both Amazonian seasons (dry and rainy) was analyzed using culture-dependent (PGPR screening) and -independent methods [PCR-DGGE based on rrs, alp, nifH gene, and intergenic region (ITS) of fungi]. Concerning PGPR screening, out of 48 isolated bacterial strains, 25% were capable of siderophore production, 29% of mineralized organic phosphate, 8% of inorganic phosphate solubilization, and 4% of indole acetic acid production. Moreover, 17% of isolates could inhibit the growth of various phytopathogenic fungi. Statistical analyses of DGGE fingerprints (p < 0.05) showed that bacterial and fungal community structures in the rhizosphere were influenced by the seasons, supporting the results of the physicochemical analysis of the environment. Furthermore, as hypothesized, microbial communities differed statistically when comparing the MS and AFS. These findings provide important insights into the influence of climate and cultivation systems on soil microbial communities to guide the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosiane do Socorro dos Reis de Sousa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (R.d.S.d.R.d.S.); (G.V.S.L.); (J.T.G.); (G.d.O.G.); (L.D.P.d.S.M.); (H.L.G.R.)
| | - Giulia Victória Silva Lima
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (R.d.S.d.R.d.S.); (G.V.S.L.); (J.T.G.); (G.d.O.G.); (L.D.P.d.S.M.); (H.L.G.R.)
| | - Josinete Torres Garcias
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (R.d.S.d.R.d.S.); (G.V.S.L.); (J.T.G.); (G.d.O.G.); (L.D.P.d.S.M.); (H.L.G.R.)
| | - Graziane de Oliveira Gomes
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (R.d.S.d.R.d.S.); (G.V.S.L.); (J.T.G.); (G.d.O.G.); (L.D.P.d.S.M.); (H.L.G.R.)
| | - Jackeline Rossetti Mateus
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (J.R.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Lucimar Di Paula dos Santos Madeira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (R.d.S.d.R.d.S.); (G.V.S.L.); (J.T.G.); (G.d.O.G.); (L.D.P.d.S.M.); (H.L.G.R.)
| | - Lucy Seldin
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (J.R.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Hervé Louis Ghislain Rogez
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (R.d.S.d.R.d.S.); (G.V.S.L.); (J.T.G.); (G.d.O.G.); (L.D.P.d.S.M.); (H.L.G.R.)
| | - Joana Montezano Marques
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (R.d.S.d.R.d.S.); (G.V.S.L.); (J.T.G.); (G.d.O.G.); (L.D.P.d.S.M.); (H.L.G.R.)
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (J.R.M.); (L.S.)
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Huang Z, Li Q, Gai X, Zhang X, Zhong Z, Bian F, Yang C. Effects of on- and off-year management practices on the soil organic C fractions and microbial community in a Moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) forest in subtropical China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1020344. [PMID: 36570912 PMCID: PMC9780457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
On- and off-year management practices are usually adopted in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests to achieve higher productivity. However, little is known about the effects of these management practices on soil C sequestration and microbial community structure. In the present study, soil nutrient content, organic C fractions, and bacterial and fungal communities were comparatively investigated in on- and off-year bamboo stands. The results showed that soil organic C (SOC), alkali-hydrolyzable N (AN), and available P (AP) in the on-year were significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05) than those in the off-year. Among the different soil organic C fractions, easily oxidizable organic C (EOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), Ca-bound SOC (Ca-SOC), and Fe/Al-bound SOC (Fe/Al-SOC) also had significantly higher contents in the off-year than in the on-year, with MBC and EOC decreasing by 56.3% and 24.5%, respectively, indicating that both active and passive soil organic C pools increased in the off-year. However, the alpha diversities of both soil bacteria and fungi were significantly lower in the off-year soils than in the on-year soils. The bacterial taxa Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, WPS-2, Acidothermus, Candidatus_Solibacter, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, and Candidatus_Xiphinematobacter were increased in off-year soils relative to on-year soils. Meanwhile, fungal taxa Ascomycota, Mortierella, Hypocrea, Cryptococcus, Clitopilus, and Ceratocystis were significantly increased in on-year soils. Soil pH, SOC, AP, MBC, EOC, and Ca-SOC were significantly correlated with bacterial and fungal communities, with soil pH being the most important driving factor for the shift in bacterial and fungal communities. Our findings showed that the studied bamboo forest possessed an inherent restorative ability in the off-year, which can reverse the soil nutrient and C depletion in the on-years and ensure soil fertility in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Huang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaoling Li
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Gai
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheke Zhong
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangyuan Bian
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanbao Yang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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de Souza MG, Reis IA, de Carvalho IPC, Porcionato MADF, Prados LF, Granja-Salcedo YT, Siqueira GR, de Resende FD. Effects of Post-Ruminal Urea Supplementation during the Seasonal Period on Performance and Rumen Microbiome of Rearing Grazing Nellore Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243463. [PMID: 36552384 PMCID: PMC9774649 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effects of urea with post-ruminal absorption in the supplementation of growing Nellore cattle reared on pasture during a seasonal period. For the study, two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, rumen and blood parameters were evaluated using eight rumen-cannulated Nellore bulls with initial body weight (BW) of 763 ± 44 kg, distributed in a double Latin square 4 × 4. In experiment 2, 120 Nellore steers with initial BW of 380 ± 35 kg were used for performance evaluation, distributed in a randomized block design (blocking factor or initial BW). The evaluated treatments were 1: (TP-U) (control) = supplement with 24% crude protein (CP) containing urea as a source of non-protein nitrogen (NPN; 3%) and soybean meal, 2: (TP-PRU) = 24% CP supplement containing post-ruminal urea (PRU; 3.6%) and soybean meal; 3: (NPN-U-PRU) = 24% CP supplement containing urea + post-ruminal urea (U = 3% and PRU = 3.9%), without soybean meal; 4: (NPN-PRU) = supplement with 24% CP containing post-ruminal urea (7.5%), without soybean meal. The supplement was offered at 3 g/kg BW per animal, daily, once a day. All animals were kept on Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pasture. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS PROC MIXED, and the data were evaluated by the following contrasts: C1 = TP-U/TP-PRU vs. NPN-U-PRU/NPN-PRU (Soybean meal replacement by NPN); C2 = TP-U vs. TP-PRU (conventional urea vs. post-immune urea); C3 = NPN-U-PRU vs. NPN-PRU (low and high post-ruminal urea-PRU level). The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and NDF was lower when soybean meal was replaced by non-protein nitrogen, also being different between the levels of post-ruminal urea used in the supplement. Ruminal pH was different when soybean meal was replaced by NPN (p = 0.003). Total concentration of short-chain fatty acids, concentrations of isobutyrate (p = 0.003), valerate (p = 0.001), and isovalerate (p = 0.001) were different, and blood urea was different when soybean meal was replaced by NPN (p = 0.006). Simpson's diversity index was higher in the rumen of animals supplemented with TP-U than in those supplemented with TP-PRU (p = 0.05). A total of 27 phyla, 234 families, and 488 genera were identified. Nitrospirota and Gemmatimonadota phyla were detected just in the rumen of steers supplemented with TP-PRU. The performance (final BW, weight gain and gain per area) of the animals was different, being higher (p = 0.04) in animals supplemented with soybean meal, compared to NPN. The removal of soybean meal from the supplement and its replacement with either conventional urea plus post-ruminal urea or only post-ruminal urea compromises the performance of the animals. The lower the post-ruminal urea inclusion level, the lower the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and NDF, when compared to animals supplemented with higher levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailza Gonçalves de Souza
- Department of Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (M.G.d.S.); (Y.T.G.-S.)
| | - Irene Alexandre Reis
- Department of Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laura Franco Prados
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA), Colina 14770-000, Brazil
| | - Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación El Nus, San Roque, Antioquia 053030, Colombia
- Correspondence: (M.G.d.S.); (Y.T.G.-S.)
| | - Gustavo Rezende Siqueira
- Department of Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, Brazil
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA), Colina 14770-000, Brazil
| | - Flávio Dutra de Resende
- Department of Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, Brazil
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA), Colina 14770-000, Brazil
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Qiao X, Sun T, Lei J, Xiao L, Xue L, Zhang H, Jia J, Bei S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to wheat yield in an agroforestry system with different tree ages. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1024128. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping achieved through agroforestry is increasingly being recognized as a sustainable form of land use. In agroforestry, the roots of trees and crops are intermingled, and their interactions and the production of exudates alter the soil environment and soil microbial community. Although tree–crop interactions vary depending on the stand age of the trees, how stand age affects beneficial microorganisms, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and whether changes in soil microorganisms feed back on crop growth in agroforestry systems are unknown. We therefore conducted a long-term field study to compare changes in the soil microbial and AMF communities in a jujube/wheat agroforestry system containing trees of different stand ages: 3-year-old jujube, 8-year-old jujube, and 13-year-old jujube. Our results showed that by changing soil moisture and available phosphorus content, the stand age of the trees had a significant effect on the soil microbial and AMF communities. Soil moisture altered the composition of soil bacteria, in particular the proportions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, and available phosphorus had significant effects on the AMF community. A network analysis showed that older stands of trees reduced both AMF diversity and network complexity. An ordinary least squares regression analysis indicated that AMF diversity, network complexity, and stability contributed to wheat yield. Finally, structural equation modeling showed that changes in edaphic factors induced by tree age brought about significant variation in the soil microbial and AMF communities, in turn, affecting crop growth. Our study highlights the crucial roles of soil microorganisms, in particular AMF, in supporting plant growth in agroforestry systems as well as the need to consider stand age in the establishment of these systems.
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Sun Y, Chen L, Zhang S, Miao Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhao J, Yu L, Zhang J, Qin X, Yao Y. Plant Interaction Patterns Shape the Soil Microbial Community and Nutrient Cycling in Different Intercropping Scenarios of Aromatic Plant Species. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888789. [PMID: 35711748 PMCID: PMC9197114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping systems improve the soil nutrient cycle through microbial community activity and then land productivity. However, their interactions mechanism underlying that the mixed aromatic plant species intercropping regulate the soil microbiome and nutrient cycling on the perennial woody orchard is still uncovered. We designed treatments with 0, 1, and 3 aromatic plant species intercropped in two scenarios of clean tillage (T model, T1, T2, and T4) and natural grass (G model, G1, G2, and G4) in apple orchards, and investigated intercrops effects at the branch growing stage (BGS) and fruit development stage (FDS), respectively. Compared with T model, G model in FDS increased alpha diversity of bacterial community and Shannon index fungal community, the relative abundance of dominant taxa, such as Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria, and also the numbers of up and down-regulated OTUs, the most of indices of co-occurrence network in both bacterial and fungal community, and then improved invertase activity and available nitrogen content. Relative to G1, G2 and G4 reduced diversity bacterial community in FDS, the relative abundance of dominant taxa, the most of indices of co-occurrence network, and then improved soil invertase activity and total phosphorus content in soil. Moreover, Shannon index of fungal community, the altered number of OTUs and the most indices of co-occurrence network were higher in G4 than those in G2 in FDS. These changes above in FDS were more markedly than those in BGS, suggesting that chemical diversity of litter from mixed species of aromatic plants in natural grass scenario led to diversity, complexity, and stability of soil microbial community and then nutrient cycling. It provided a novel highlight and method to modulate biocenosis and then improve the soil nutrient cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yantao Miao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenglin Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jingya Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncong Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Wooliver R, Kivlin SN, Jagadamma S. Links Among Crop Diversification, Microbial Diversity, and Soil Organic Carbon: Mini Review and Case Studies. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:854247. [PMID: 35547111 PMCID: PMC9082997 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.854247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between species above- and belowground are among the top factors that govern ecosystem functioning including soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. In agroecosystems, understanding how crop diversification affects soil biodiversity and SOC storage at the local scale remains a key challenge for addressing soil degradation and biodiversity loss that plague these systems. Yet, outcomes of crop diversification for soil microbial diversity and SOC storage, which are key indicators of soil health, are not always positive but rather they are highly idiosyncratic to agroecosystems. Using five case studies, we highlight the importance of selecting ideal crop functional types (as opposed to focusing on plant diversity) when considering diversification options for maximizing SOC accumulation. Some crop functional types and crop diversification approaches are better suited for enhancing SOC at particular sites, though SOC responses to crop diversification can vary annually and with duration of crop cover. We also highlight how SOC responses to crop diversification are more easily interpretable through changes in microbial community composition (as opposed to microbial diversity). We then develop suggestions for future crop diversification experiment standardization including (1) optimizing sampling effort and sequencing depth for soil microbial communities and (2) understanding the mechanisms guiding responses of SOC functional pools with varying stability to crop diversification. We expect that these suggestions will move knowledge forward about biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in agroecosystems, and ultimately be of use to producers for optimizing soil health in their croplands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wooliver
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Stephanie N Kivlin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Sindhu Jagadamma
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Zhao Y, Yan C, Hu F, Luo Z, Zhang S, Xiao M, Chen Z, Fan H. Intercropping Pinto Peanut in Litchi Orchard Effectively Improved Soil Available Potassium Content, Optimized Soil Bacterial Community Structure, and Advanced Bacterial Community Diversity. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:868312. [PMID: 35633708 PMCID: PMC9134032 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.868312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping is widely used in agricultural production due to its capability of raising land productivity and providing an opportunity to achieve sustainable intensification of agriculture. In this study, soil samples from 10 to 20 cm depth of intercropping Pinto peanut in litchi orchard and litchi monoculture mode were established to determine soil attributes, enzyme activities, as well as the effect on soil bacterial diversity. On this basis, 16S rRNA V4-V5 region of soil bacterial communities in litchi/Pinto peanut intercropping (LP) mode and litchi monoculture mode (CK) was detected by the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. The results showed that the content of available potassium (AK) in LP was significantly higher than that in CK by 138.9%, and the content of available nitrogen (AN) in LP was significantly lower than that in CK by 19.6%. The soil enzyme activities were higher in LP as a whole, especially sucrase (SC) and acid protease (PT) were significantly higher by 154.4 and 76.5%, respectively. The absolute abundance and alpha diversity of soil microbiota were significantly higher in the intercropping group. Most importantly, endemic species with a significant difference in LP was higher by ~60 times compared to CK treatment. In the aspect of soil bacterial community structure, the dominant phyla of the two groups were Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, the absolute abundance of Flavobacterium and Nitrososphaera was significantly higher by 79.20 and 72.93%, respectively, while that of Candidatus_Koribacter was significantly lower with an amplitude of 62.24% in LP than in CK. Furthermore, the redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested that AK, which was highly associated with the dominant genera and phyla, is the vitally dominating environmental factors in LP groups, while in CK groups, it is AN and pH. In addition, PICRUSt2 analysis indicated that intercropping improved the metabolic activity of bacteria which can be correlated to the resistance of litchi root systems to soil-borne diseases. Overall, this study is expected to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the healthy intercropping cultivation of litchi.
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Bai YC, Li BX, Xu CY, Raza M, Wang Q, Wang QZ, Fu YN, Hu JY, Imoulan A, Hussain M, Xu YJ. Intercropping Walnut and Tea: Effects on Soil Nutrients, Enzyme Activity, and Microbial Communities. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:852342. [PMID: 35369467 PMCID: PMC8971985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.852342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The practice of intercropping, which involves growing more than one crop simultaneously during the same growing season, is becoming more important for increasing soil quality, land-use efficiency, and subsequently crop productivity. The present study examined changes in soil physicochemical properties, enzymatic activity, and microbial community composition when walnut (Juglans spp.) was intercropped with tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plants in a forest and compared with a walnut and tea monocropping system. The results showed that walnut–tea intercropping improved the soil nutrient profile and enzymatic activity. The soil available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), organic matter (OM) content, and sucrase activity were significantly boosted in intercropped walnut and tea than in monocropping forests. The interaction between crops further increased bacterial and fungal diversity when compared to monoculture tea forests. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chlamydiae, Rozellomycota, and Zoopagomycota were found in greater abundance in an intercropping pattern than in monoculture walnut and tea forest plantations. The walnut–tea intercropping system also markedly impacted the abundance of several bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were previously shown to support nutrient cycling, prevent diseases, and ameliorate abiotic stress. The results of this study suggest that intercropping walnut with tea increased host fitness and growth by positively influencing soil microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | | | - Mubashar Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Wang
- Center for Walnut Technology of Baokang County, Xiangyang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Fu
- Center for Walnut Technology of Baokang County, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jian-Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticides, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co., Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Abdessamad Imoulan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technics of Errachidia, Mouly Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Muzammil Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Jie Xu
- Hubei Academy of Forestry, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Jie Xu,
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Abundance, Diversity, and Function of Soil Microorganisms in Temperate Alley-Cropping Agroforestry Systems: A Review. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030616. [PMID: 35336196 PMCID: PMC8953468 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern temperate alley-cropping systems combine rows of trees with rows of crops (agroforestry), which allows for diverse interspecific interactions such as the complementary and competitive use of resources. The complementary use of resources between trees and crops is considered the main advantage of these multifunctional land use systems over cropland monocultures. Moreover, several studies demonstrated that agroforestry systems are environmentally more sustainable than cropland monocultures. Over two decades of research on soil microorganisms in temperate alley-cropping systems are characterized by a variety of different methodological approaches and study designs to investigate the impact of agroforestry on the soil microbiome. Here, we review the available literature on the abundance, diversity, and functionality of soil microorganisms in temperate alley-cropping systems. Further, we identify current knowledge gaps as well as important experimental factors to consider in future studies. Overall, we found that temperate alley-cropping systems increase soil microbial abundance, diversity, and functions as compared to cropland monocultures, which is expected to contribute to enhanced biological soil fertility in these systems.
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Wang Z, Zhou M, Liu H, Huang C, Ma Y, Ge HX, Ge X, Fu S. Pecan agroforestry systems improve soil quality by stimulating enzyme activity. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12663. [PMID: 35036087 PMCID: PMC8740511 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forest and plantation intercropping are efficient agroforestry systems that optimize land use and promote agroforestry around the world. However, diverse agroforestry systems on the same upper-plantation differently affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil. METHODS The treatments for this study included a single cultivation (CK) pecan control and three agroforestry systems (pecan + Paeonia suffruticosa + Hemerocallis citrina, pecan + Paeonia suffruticosa, and pecan + Paeonia lactiflora). Soil samples were categorized according to the sampling depth (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm). RESULTS The results demonstrated that the bulk density (BD) of soil under the pecan agroforestry system (PPH and PPL) was reduced by 16.13% and 7.10%, respectively, and the soil moisture content (MC) and total soil porosity (TPO) increased. Improvements in the physical properties of the soil under the PPS agroforestry system were not obvious when compared with the pecan monoculture. The soil total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), available potassium (AK), and total carbon (TC) increased significantly, while the soil urease (S-UE), alkaline phosphatase (S-AKP), and 1,4-β-N-acetylglucosamines (S-NAG) enzyme activity also increased significantly, following agroforestry. Overall, the pecan agroforestry system significantly improved the physical properties of the pecan plantation soil, enriched the soil nutrients, and increased the activity of soil enzymes related to TC, TN, and TP cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocheng Wang
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyu Zhou
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhua Ma
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao xin Ge
- Fuyang Xinfeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang Ge
- Fuyang Xinfeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Songling Fu
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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12
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de Souza AJ, Pereira APDA, Andreote FD, Tornisielo VL, Tizioto PC, Coutinho LL, Regitano JB. Sulfadiazine dissipation as a function of soil bacterial diversity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116374. [PMID: 33412451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic residues in the environment are concerning since results in dispersion of resistance genes. Their degradation is often closely related to microbial metabolism. However, the impacts of soil bacterial community on sulfadiazine (SDZ) dissipation remains unclear, mainly in tropical soils. Our main goals were to evaluate effects of long-term swine manure application on soil bacterial structure as well as effects of soil microbial diversity depletion on SDZ dissipation, using "extinction dilution approach" and 14C-SDZ. Manure application affected several soil attributes, such as pH, organic carbon (OC), and macronutrient contents as well as bacterial community structure and diversity. Even minor bacterial diversity depletion impacted SDZ mineralization and non-extractible residue (NER) formation rates, but NER recovered along 42 d likely due to soil diversity recovery. However, this period may be enough to spread resistance genes into the environment. Surprisingly, the non-manured natural soil (NS-S1) showed faster SDZ dissipation rate (DT90 = 2.0 versus 21 d) and had a great number of bacterial families involved in major SDZ dissipation pathways (mineralization and mainly NER), such as Isosphaeraceae, Ktedonobacteraceae, Acidobacteriaceae_(Subgroup_1), Micromonosporaceae, and Sphingobacteriaceae. This result is unique and contrasts our hypothesis that long-term manured soils would present adaptive advantages and, consequently, have higher SDZ dissipation rates. The literature suggests instantaneous chemical degradation of SDZ in acidic soils responsible to the fast formation of NER. Our results show that if chemical degradation happens, it is soon followed by microbial metabolism (biodegradation) performed by a pool of bacteria and the newly formed metabolites should favors NER formation since SDZ presented low sorption. It also showed that SDZ mineralization is a low redundancy function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adijailton Jose de Souza
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Dini Andreote
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo
- Center of Nuclear Energy for Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jussara Borges Regitano
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Influence of Acacia mangium on Soil Fertility and Bacterial Community in Eucalyptus Plantations in the Congolese Coastal Plains. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12218763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Productivity and sustainability of tropical forest plantations greatly rely on regulation of ecosystem functioning and nutrient cycling, i.e., the link between plant growth, nutrient availability, and the microbial community structure. So far, these interactions have never been evaluated in the Acacia and Eucalyptus forest planted on infertile soils in the Congolese coastal plains. In the present work, the soil bacterial community has been investigated by metabarcoding of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene in different stands of monoculture and mixed-species plantation to evaluate the potential of nitrogen-fixing trees on nutrient and bacterial structure. At the phylum level, the soil bacterial community was dominated by Actinobacteria, followed by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria. A principal coordinate analysis revealed that bacterial communities from pure Eucalyptus, compared to those from plantations containing Acacia in pure and mixed-species stands, showed different community composition (beta-diversity). Regardless of the large variability of the studied soils, the prevalence of Firmicutes phylum, and lower bacterial richness and phylogenic diversity were reported in stands containing Acacia relative to the pure Eucalyptus. Distance-based redundancy analysis revealed a positive correlation of available phosphorus (P) and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio with bacterial community structure. However, the Spearman correlation test revealed a broad correlation between the relative abundance of bacterial taxa and soil attributes, in particular with sulfur (S) and carbon (C), suggesting the important role of soil bacterial community in nutrient cycling in this type of forest management. Concerning mixed plantations, a shift in bacterial community structure was observed, probably linked to other changes, i.e., improvement in soil fertility (enhanced P and C dynamics in forest floor and soil, and increase in soil N status), and C sequestration in both soil and stand wood biomass with the great potential impact to mitigate climate change. Overall, our findings highlight the role of soil attributes, especially C, S, available P, and C/N ratio at a lesser extent, in driving the soil bacterial community in mixed-species plantations and its potential to improve soil fertility and to sustain Eucalyptus plantations established on the infertile and sandy soils of the Congolese coastal plains.
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Castellano-Hinojosa A, Strauss SL. Impact of Cover Crops on the Soil Microbiome of Tree Crops. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E328. [PMID: 32110988 PMCID: PMC7143828 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased concerns associated with interactions between herbicides, inorganic fertilizers, soil nutrient availability, and plant phytotoxicity in perennial tree crop production systems have renewed interest in the use of cover crops in the inter-row middles or between trees as an alternative sustainable management strategy for these systems. Although interactions between the soil microbiome and cover crops have been examined for annual cropping systems, there are critical differences in management and growth in perennial cropping systems that can influence the soil microbiome and, therefore, the response to cover crops. Here, we discuss the importance of cover crops in tree cropping systems using multispecies cover crop mixtures and minimum tillage and no-tillage to not only enhance the soil microbiome but also carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling compared to monocropping, conventional tillage, and inorganic fertilization. We also identify potentially important taxa and research gaps that need to be addressed to facilitate assessments of the relationships between cover crops, soil microbes, and the health of tree crops. Additional evaluations of the interactions between the soil microbiome, cover crops, nutrient cycling, and tree performance will allow for more effective and sustainable management of perennial cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah L. Strauss
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL 34142, USA;
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Zhang X, Gao G, Wu Z, Wen X, Zhong H, Zhong Z, Yang C, Bian F, Gai X. Responses of soil nutrients and microbial communities to intercropping medicinal plants in moso bamboo plantations in subtropical China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:2301-2310. [PMID: 31776906 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo forests are one of the most important forest resources in subtropical China. A pure, single-layer bamboo forest is considered an optimal habitat for intercropping medicinal herbs. Soil microorganisms have an important role in various ecological processes and respond quickly to environmental changes. However, changes in soil nutrients and microbial communities associated with agroforestry cultivation methods remain poorly documented. In the present study, a pure moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest (Con) and three adjacent moso bamboo-based agroforestry (BAF) systems (moso bamboo-Paris polyphylla (BP), moso bamboo-Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (BT) and moso bamboo-Bletilla striata (BB)) were selected; and their soil chemical properties and bacterial communities were studied and compared to evaluate the effects of agroforestry on soil bacterial communities and the relationship between soil properties and bacterial communities in BAF systems. Results showed that compared with soils under the Con, soils under the BAF systems had more (p < 0.05) soil organic carbon (SOC) and available nitrogen (AN) but lower (p < 0.05) pH and available potassium (AK). In addition, compared with the Con system, the BB and BT systems had significantly greater (p < 0.05) available phosphorus (AP). Compared with that in the Con system, the Shannon index in the BAF systems was significantly greater (p < 0.05), but the Chao1 index not different. On the basis of relative abundance values, compared with the Con soils, the BAF soils had a significantly greater abundance of (p < 0.05) Bacteroidetes and Planctomyces but a significantly lower abundance of (p < 0.05) Verrucomicrobia, Gemmatimonadetes and Candidatus Xiphinematobacter. Moreover, compared with the Con system, the BB and BT systems had a greater (p < 0.05) abundance of Actinobacteria, Rhodoplanes, Candidatus Solibacter and Candidatus Koribacter. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that soil pH, SOC and AP were significantly correlated with bacterial community composition. Results of this study suggest that intercropping medicinal herbs can result in soil acidification and potassium (K) depletion; thus, countermeasures such as applications of K fertilizer and alkaline soil amendments are necessary for BAF systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guibin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhezhe Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyuan Bian
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Gai
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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