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Yan Q, Lu L, Yi X, Pereira JF, Zhang J. Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal regulatory network and hub genes of aluminum response in roots of elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135011. [PMID: 38944995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity severely restricts the growth and productivity of elephant grass in acidic soils around the world. However, the molecular mechanisms of Al response have not been investigated in elephant grass. In this study, we conducted phenotype, physiology, and transcriptome analysis of elephant grass roots in response to Al stress. Phenotypic analysis revealed that a low concentration of Al stress improved root growth while higher Al concentrations inhibit root growth. Al stress significantly increased the citrate (CA) content in roots, while the expression levels of genes related to citrate synthesis were substantially changed. The multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family were identified as hub genes in the co-expression network of Al response in elephant grass roots. Phylogenetic analysis showed that hub genes CpMATE93 and CpMATE158 belonged to the same clade as other MATE genes reported to be involved in citrate transport. Additionally, overexpression of CpMATE93 conferred Al resistance in yeast cells. These results provide a theoretical basis for further studies of molecular mechanisms in the elephant grass response to Al stress and could help breeders develop elite cultivars with Al tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Liyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xianfeng Yi
- Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning 530001, China
| | | | - Jiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
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Cheng J, Li T, Wei S, Jiang W, Li J, Wang Y, Li Y. Physiological and Proteomic Changes in Camellia semiserrata in Response to Aluminum Stress. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:55. [PMID: 38254944 PMCID: PMC10815133 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Camellia semiserrata is an important woody edible oil tree species in southern China that is characterized by large fruits and seed kernels with high oil contents. Increasing soil acidification due to increased use of fossil fuels, misuse of acidic fertilizers, and irrational farming practices has led to leaching of aluminum (Al) in the form of free Al3+, Al(OH)2+, and Al(OH)2+, which inhibits the growth and development of C. semiserrata in South China. To investigate the mechanism underlying C. semiserrata responses to Al stress, we determined the changes in photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and osmoregulatory substance contents of C. semiserrata leaves under different concentrations of Al stress treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mmol/L Alcl3) using a combination of physiological and proteomics approaches. In addition, we identified the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) under 0 (CK or GNR0), 2 mmol/L (GNR2), and 4 mmol/L (GNR4) Al stress using a 4D-label-free technique. With increasing stress concentration, the photosynthetic indexes of C. semiserrata leaves, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), soluble protein (SP), and soluble sugar (SS) showed an overall trend of increasing and then decreasing, and proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents tended to continuously increase overall. Compared with the control group, we identified 124 and 192 DEPs in GNR2 and GNR4, respectively, which were mainly involved in metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, flavonoid metabolism, oxidative stress response, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, and signal transduction. At 2 mmol/L Al stress, carbon metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and flavonoid metabolism-related proteins were significantly changed, and when the stress was increased to 4 mmol/L Al, the cells accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) at a rate exceeding the antioxidant system scavenging capacity. To deal with this change, C. semiserrata leaves enhanced their glutathione metabolism, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and other metabolic processes to counteract peroxidative damage to the cytoplasmic membrane caused by stress. In addition, we found that C. semiserrata resisted aluminum toxicity mainly by synthesizing anthocyanidins under 2 mmol/L stress, whereas proanthocyanidins were alleviated by the generation of proanthocyanidins under 4 mmol/L stress, which may be a special mechanism by which C. semiserrata responds to different concentrations of aluminum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsen Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.C.); (T.L.); (S.W.); (W.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Tong Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.C.); (T.L.); (S.W.); (W.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Shanglin Wei
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.C.); (T.L.); (S.W.); (W.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.C.); (T.L.); (S.W.); (W.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingxuan Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.C.); (T.L.); (S.W.); (W.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (J.C.); (T.L.); (S.W.); (W.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Yongquan Li
- Scarce and Quality Economic Forest Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
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Liu C, Cheng H, Wang S, Yu D, Wei Y. Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals That Melatonin Alleviates Aluminum Toxicity in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17221. [PMID: 38139053 PMCID: PMC10743983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the most common factor limiting the growth of alfalfa in acidic soil conditions. Melatonin (MT), a significant pleiotropic molecule present in both plants and animals, has shown promise in mitigating Al toxicity in various plant species. This study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which melatonin alleviates Al toxicity in alfalfa through a combined physiological and transcriptomic analysis. The results reveal that the addition of 5 μM melatonin significantly increased alfalfa root length by 48% and fresh weight by 45.4% compared to aluminum treatment alone. Moreover, the 5 μM melatonin application partially restored the enlarged and irregular cell shape induced by aluminum treatment, resulting in a relatively compact arrangement of alfalfa root cells. Moreover, MT application reduces Al accumulation in alfalfa roots and shoots by 28.6% and 27.6%, respectively. Additionally, MT plays a crucial role in scavenging Al-induced excess H2O2 by enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), consequently reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. More interestingly, the RNA-seq results reveal that MT application significantly upregulates the expression of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) and carbon metabolism-related genes, including those involved in the glycolysis process, as well as sucrose and starch metabolism, suggesting that MT application may mitigate Al toxicity by facilitating the binding of Al to the cell walls, thereby reducing intracellular Al accumulation, and improving respiration and the content of sucrose and trehalose. Taken together, our study demonstrates that MT alleviates Al toxicity in alfalfa by reducing Al accumulation and restoring redox homeostasis. These RNA-seq results suggest that the alleviation of Al toxicity by MT may occur through its influence on cell wall composition and carbon metabolism. This research advances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying MT's effectiveness in mitigating Al toxicity, providing a clear direction for our future investigations into the underlying mechanisms by which MT alleviates Al toxicity in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dashi Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (C.L.); (H.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Yunmin Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (C.L.); (H.C.); (S.W.)
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Liu C, Duan N, Chen X, Li X, Zhao N, Cao W, Li H, Liu B, Tan F, Zhao X, Li Q. Transcriptome Profiling and Chlorophyll Metabolic Pathway Analysis Reveal the Response of Nitraria tangutorum to Increased Nitrogen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:895. [PMID: 36840241 PMCID: PMC9962214 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To identify genes that respond to increased nitrogen and assess the involvement of the chlorophyll metabolic pathway and associated regulatory mechanisms in these responses, Nitraria tangutorum seedlings were subjected to four nitrogen concentrations (N0, N6, N36, and N60: 0, 6, 36, and 60 mmol·L-1 nitrogen, respectively). The N. tangutorum seedling leaf transcriptome was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 4000), and 332,420 transcripts and 276,423 unigenes were identified. The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were 4052 in N0 vs. N6, 6181 in N0 vs. N36, and 3937 in N0 vs. N60. Comparing N0 and N6, N0 and N36, and N0 and N60, we found 1101, 2222, and 1234 annotated DEGs in 113, 121, and 114 metabolic pathways, respectively, classified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Metabolic pathways with considerable accumulation were involved mainly in anthocyanin biosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism. N36 increased δ-amino levulinic acid synthesis and upregulated expression of the magnesium chelatase H subunit, which promoted chlorophyll a synthesis. Hence, N36 stimulated chlorophyll synthesis rather than heme synthesis. These findings enrich our understanding of the N. tangutorum transcriptome and help us to research desert xerophytes' responses to increased nitrogen in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Liu
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Na Duan
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou 015200, China
- National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Ulan Buh Desert Comprehensive Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Dengkou 015200, China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou 015200, China
- National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Ulan Buh Desert Comprehensive Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Dengkou 015200, China
| | - Xu Li
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Naqi Zhao
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou 015200, China
- National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Ulan Buh Desert Comprehensive Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Dengkou 015200, China
| | - Wenxu Cao
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Huiqing Li
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Fengsen Tan
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiulian Zhao
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qinghe Li
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
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Sun S, Chen H, Yang Z, Lu J, Wu D, Luo Q, Jia J, Tan J. Identification of WRKY transcription factor family genes in Pinus massoniana Lamb. and their expression patterns and functions in response to drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:424. [PMID: 36050649 PMCID: PMC9434871 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pinus massoniana Lamb. is the timber species with the widest distribution and the largest afforestation area in China, providing a large amount of timber, turpentine and ecological products. Seasonal drought caused by climate warming severely constrains the quality and growth of P. massoniana forests. WRKY transcription factors play an important role in plant responses to abiotic stress. In this study, the molecular mechanisms by which P. massoniana responds to drought stress were analysed based on the P. massoniana WRKY (PmWRKY) family of genes. RESULTS Forty-three PmWRKYs are divided into three major families, 7 sub-families, and the conserved motifs are essentially the same. Among these 43 PmWRKYs express under drought stress but with different expression patterns in response to stress. PmWRKYs respond to drought stress induced by exogenous hormones of SA, ABA, and MeJA. The expression of PmWRKY6, PmWRKY10, and PmWRKY30 up-regulate in different families and tissues under drought stress, while PmWRKY22 down-regulate. Transgenetic tobaccos of PmWRKY31 are with lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content and higher proline (Pro) content than wild type (WT) tobaccos. In transgenic tobaccos of PmWRKY31, expression levels of related genes significantly improve, and drought tolerance enhance. CONCLUSIONS This study analysed the molecular biological characteristics of PmWRKYs and investigated the expression patterns and functions of PmWRKYs in response to drought stress in P. massoniana. The results of this study provide a basis for in-depth research of the molecular functions of PmWRKYs in response to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China
| | - Hu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Nanning, 530002, PR China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Masson Pine of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanning, 530002, PR China
| | - Zhangqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Nanning, 530002, PR China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Masson Pine of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanning, 530002, PR China.
| | - Jingyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China
| | - Dongshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Nanning, 530002, PR China
| | - Qunfeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Masson Pine of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanning, 530002, PR China
| | - Jie Jia
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China
| | - Jianhui Tan
- Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-Growing Timber Cultivation of Forestry Ministry of China, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, PR China
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