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Saurer M, Sahlstedt E, Rinne-Garmston KT, Lehmann MM, Oettli M, Gessler A, Treydte K. Progress in high-resolution isotope-ratio analysis of tree rings using laser ablation. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:694-705. [PMID: 36519757 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotope ratio analysis of tree rings has been widely and successfully applied in recent decades for climatic and environmental reconstructions. These studies were mostly conducted at an annual resolution, considering one measurement per tree ring, often focusing on latewood. However, much more information could be retrieved with high-resolution intra-annual isotope studies, based on the fact that the wood cells and the corresponding organic matter are continuously laid down during the growing season. Such studies are still relatively rare, but have a unique potential for reconstructing seasonal climate variations or short-term changes in physiological plant properties, like water-use efficiency. The reason for this research gap is mostly technical, as on the one hand sub-annual, manual splitting of rings is very tedious, while on the other hand automated laser ablation for high-resolution analyses is not yet well established and available. Here, we give an update on the current status of laser ablation research for analysis of the carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) of wood, describe an easy-to-use laser ablation system, its operation and discuss practical issues related to tree core preparation, including cellulose extraction. The results show that routine analysis with up to 100 laser shot-derived δ13C-values daily and good precision and accuracy (ca. 0.1‰) comparable to conventional combustion in an elemental analyzer are possible. Measurements on resin-extracted wood is recommended as most efficient, but laser ablation is also possible on cellulose extracted wood pieces. Considering the straightforward sample preparation, the technique is therefore ripe for wide-spread application. With this work, we hope to stimulate future progress in the promising field of high-resolution environmental reconstruction using laser ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Saurer
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Elina Sahlstedt
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Katja T Rinne-Garmston
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Marco M Lehmann
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Oettli
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 16, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Treydte
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
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Tang Y, Sahlstedt E, Young G, Schiestl‐Aalto P, Saurer M, Kolari P, Jyske T, Bäck J, Rinne‐Garmston KT. Estimating intraseasonal intrinsic water-use efficiency from high-resolution tree-ring δ 13 C data in boreal Scots pine forests. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1606-1619. [PMID: 36451527 PMCID: PMC10108005 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE), a key index for carbon and water balance, has been widely estimated from tree-ring δ13 C at annual resolution, but rarely at high-resolution intraseasonal scale. We estimated high-resolution iWUE from laser-ablation δ13 C analysis of tree-rings (iWUEiso ) and compared it with iWUE derived from gas exchange (iWUEgas ) and eddy covariance (iWUEEC ) data for two Pinus sylvestris forests from 2002 to 2019. By carefully timing iWUEiso via modeled tree-ring growth, iWUEiso aligned well with iWUEgas and iWUEEC at intraseasonal scale. However, year-to-year patterns of iWUEgas , iWUEiso , and iWUEEC were different, possibly due to distinct environmental drivers on iWUE across leaf, tree, and ecosystem scales. We quantified the modification of iWUEiso by postphotosynthetic δ13 C enrichment from leaf sucrose to tree rings and by nonexplicit inclusion of mesophyll and photorespiration terms in photosynthetic discrimination model, which resulted in overestimation of iWUEiso by up to 11% and 14%, respectively. We thus extended the application of tree-ring δ13 C for iWUE estimates to high-resolution intraseasonal scale. The comparison of iWUEgas , iWUEiso , and iWUEEC provides important insights into physiological acclimation of trees across leaf, tree, and ecosystem scales under climate change and improves the upscaling of ecological models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Bioeconomy and Environment UnitNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)Latokartanonkaari 900790HelsinkiFinland
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) / Forest SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiPO Box 2700014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Elina Sahlstedt
- Bioeconomy and Environment UnitNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)Latokartanonkaari 900790HelsinkiFinland
| | - Giles Young
- Bioeconomy and Environment UnitNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)Latokartanonkaari 900790HelsinkiFinland
| | - Pauliina Schiestl‐Aalto
- Faculty of Science, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) / PhysicsUniversity of HelsinkiPO Box 6800014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Matthias Saurer
- Forest DynamicsSwiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)Zürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Pasi Kolari
- Faculty of Science, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) / PhysicsUniversity of HelsinkiPO Box 6800014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Tuula Jyske
- Production Systems UnitNatural Resources Institute FinlandTietotie 202150EspooFinland
| | - Jaana Bäck
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) / Forest SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiPO Box 2700014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Katja T. Rinne‐Garmston
- Bioeconomy and Environment UnitNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)Latokartanonkaari 900790HelsinkiFinland
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Xu G, Liu X, Hu J, Dorado-Liñán I, Gagen M, Szejner P, Chen T, Trouet V. Intra-annual tree-ring δ18O and δ13C reveal a trade-off between isotopic source and humidity in moist environments. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:2203-2223. [PMID: 35796563 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tree-ring intra-annual stable isotopes (δ13C and δ18O) are powerful tools for revealing plant ecophysiological responses to climatic extremes. We analyzed interannual and fine-scale intra-annual variability of tree-ring δ13C and δ18O in Chinese red pine (Pinus massoniana) from southeastern China to explore environmental drivers and potential trade-offs between the main physiological controls. We show that wet season relative humidity (May-October RH) drove interannual variability of δ18O and intra-annual variability of tree-ring δ18O. It also drove intra-annual variability of tree-ring δ13C, whereas interannual variability was mainly controlled by February-May temperature and September-October RH. Furthermore, intra-annual tree-ring δ18O variability was larger during wet years compared with dry years, whereas δ13C variability was lower during wet years compared with dry years. As a result of these differences in intra-annual variability amplitude, process-based models (we used the Roden model for δ18O and the Farquhar model for δ13C) captured the intra-annual δ18O pattern better in wet years compared with dry years, whereas intra-annual δ13C pattern was better simulated in dry years compared with wet years. This result suggests a potential asymmetric bias in process-based models in capturing the interplay of the different mechanistic processes (i.e., isotopic source and leaf-level enrichment) operating in dry versus wet years. We therefore propose an intra-annual conceptual model considering a dynamic trade-off between the isotopic source and leaf-level enrichment in different tree-ring parts to understand how climate and ecophysiological processes drive intra-annual tree-ring stable isotopic variability under humid climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobao Xu
- National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
| | - Isabel Dorado-Liñán
- Dpto. de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mary Gagen
- Department of Geography, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA28PP, UK
| | - Paul Szejner
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City 04510, México
| | - Tuo Chen
- National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Valerie Trouet
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
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Pompa-García M, Camarero JJ, Valeriano C, Vivar-Vivar ED. Climate sensitivity of seasonal radial growth in young stands of Mexican conifers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:1711-1723. [PMID: 35672588 PMCID: PMC9300551 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alteration of forest by climate change and human activities modify the growth response of trees to temperature and moisture. Growth trends of young forests with even-aged stands recruited recently when the climate became warmer and drier are not well known. We analyze the radial growth response of young conifer trees (37-63 years old) to climatic parameters and drought stress employing Pearson correlations and the Vaganov-Shashkin Lite (VS-Lite) model. This study uses tree rings of six species of conifer trees (Pinus teocote, Pinus pseudostrobus, Pinus pinceana, Pinus montezumae, Pinus ayacahuite, and Taxodium mucronatum) collected from young forests with diverse growth conditions in northern and central Mexico. Seasonal ring growth and earlywood width (EW) were modeled as a function of temperature and soil moisture using the VS-Lite model. Wet and cool conditions in the previous winter and current spring enhance ring growth and EW production, mainly in sensitive species from dry sites (P. teocote, P. pseudostrobus, P. pinceana, and P. montezumae), whereas the growth of species from mesic sites (P. ayacahuite and T. mucronatum) shows little responsiveness to soil moisture. In P. ayacahuite and T. mucronatum, latewood growth is enhanced by warm summer conditions. The VS-Lite model shows that low soil moisture during April and May constrains growth in the four sensitive species, particularly in P. pinceana, the species dominant in the most xeric sites. Assessing seasonal ring growth and combining its response to climate with process-based growth models could complement xylogenesis data. Such framework should be widely applied, given the predicted warming and its impact on young forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Pompa-García
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales de la Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Rio Papaloapan Y Blvd. Durango S/N. Col. Valle del Sur, 34120 Durango, Mexico
| | - J. Julio Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, 50192 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Valeriano
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, 50192 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eduardo D. Vivar-Vivar
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales de la Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Rio Papaloapan Y Blvd. Durango S/N. Col. Valle del Sur, 34120 Durango, Mexico
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Pérez-de-Lis G, Rathgeber CBK, Fernández-de-Uña L, Ponton S. Cutting tree rings into time slices: how intra-annual dynamics of wood formation help decipher the space-for-time conversion. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1520-1534. [PMID: 34797916 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tree-ring anatomy, microdensity and isotope records provide valuable intra-annual information. However, extracting signals at that scale is challenged by the complexity of xylogenesis, where two major processes - cell enlargement and wall thickening - occur at different times and rates. We characterized the space-for-time association in the tree rings of three conifer species by examining the duration, overlapping, inter-tree synchronicity and interannual stability during cell enlargement and wall thickening across regular tree-ring sectors (portions of equal tangential width). The number of cells and cell differentiation rates determined the duration of sector formation, which augmented more rapidly throughout the ring for wall thickening than for enlargement. Increasing the number of sectors above c. 15 had a limited effect on improving time resolution because consecutive sector formation overlapped greatly in time, especially in narrow rings and during wall thickening. Increasing the number of sectors also resulted in lower synchronicity and stability of intermediate-sector enlargement, whereas all sectors showed high synchronicity and stability during wall thickening. Increasing the number of sectors had a stronger effect on enhancing time-series resolution for enlargement- than for wall-thickening-related traits, which would nevertheless produce more reliable intra-annual chronologies as a result of the more similar calendars across trees and years in wall thickening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Pérez-de-Lis
- SILVA, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Nancy, 54000, France
- BIOAPLIC, Departamento de Botánica, EPSE, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, Lugo, 27002, Spain
| | - Cyrille B K Rathgeber
- SILVA, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Nancy, 54000, France
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland
| | - Laura Fernández-de-Uña
- SILVA, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Nancy, 54000, France
- CREAF, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Catalonia, E08193, Spain
| | - Stéphane Ponton
- SILVA, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Nancy, 54000, France
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Suárez-Vidal E, Sampedro L, Climent J, Voltas J, Sin E, Notivol E, Zas R. Direct and correlated responses to artificial selection for growth and water-use efficiency in a Mediterranean pine. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021; 108:102-112. [PMID: 33512710 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Persistence of tree populations in the face of global change relies on their capacity to respond to biotic and abiotic stressors through plastic or adaptive changes. Genetic adaptation will depend on the additive genetic variation within populations and the heritability of traits related to stress tolerance. Because traits can be genetically linked, selective pressure acting on one trait may lead to correlated responses in other traits. METHODS To test direct and correlated responses to selection for growth and drought tolerance in Pinus halepensis, we selected trees in a parental population for higher growth and greater water-use efficiency (WUE) and compared their offspring with the offspring of random trees from the parental population in two contrasting common gardens. We estimated direct responses to selection for growth and WUE and correlated responses for growth and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stressors. RESULTS We found a strong response to selection and high realized heritability for WUE, but no response to selection for growth. Correlated responses to selection in other life-history traits were not significant, except for concentration of some chemical defenses, which was greater in the offspring of mother trees selected for growth than in the offspring of unselected control trees. CONCLUSIONS The empirical evidence of direct responses to selection for high WUE suggests that P. halepensis has the potential to evolve in response to increasing drought stress. Contrary to expectations, the results are not conclusive of a potential negative impact of WUE and growth selection on other key life-history traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Sampedro
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36143, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Jose Climent
- INIA-CIFOR, Department of Ecology and Forest Genetics, Ctra. Coruña km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Voltas
- Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Rovira Roure 191, E25198, Lleida, Spain
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, E25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ester Sin
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 191, E25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Eduardo Notivol
- Forest Resources Unit, CITA & IA2, Av. Montañana 930, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rafael Zas
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36143, Pontevedra, Spain
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