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Wu Z, Lv S, Xiao P, Yin X, Cheng H, Li H, Sun J, Ye X, Huang M, Zheng F, Sun B. Optimisation and characterisation of KOH-activated carbon obtained from Baijiu spent grains for the mitigation of risk factors in alcoholic beverages. Food Chem 2024; 452:139604. [PMID: 38749139 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to repurpose waste grain from the Baijiu brewing process into activated carbon for mitigating risk factors in alcoholic beverages, enhancing quality and ensuring safety. For attaining the most effective activated carbon, tailored carbon synthesis conditions were identified for diverse alcoholic beverages, optimising strategies. For beverages with low flavour compound content, optimal conditions include 900 °C calcination, 16-hour activation and a 1:2 activation ratio. In contrast, for those with abundant flavour compounds, 800 °C calcination, 16-hour activation and a 1:1 activation ratio are recommended. Post-synthesis analyses, employing nitrogen physisorption-desorption isotherms, FT-IR and SEM, validated a significant BET surface area of 244.871 m2/g for the KOH-activated carbon. Critical to adsorption efficiency, calcination temperature showcased noteworthy micro-porosity (0.8-1 nm), selectively adsorbing higher alcohols (C3-C6) and acetaldehyde while minimising acid and ester adsorption. Sensory evaluations refined optimal parameters, ensuring efficient spent grain management and heightened beverage safety without compromising aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Silei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiuxiu Yin
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hehe Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Fuping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; China Food Flavour and Nutrition Health Innovation Centre, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Truong Ngoc M, Nguyen QT, Pham VT, Hoang LTA, Le VA, Le VN, Tran HMD, Nguyen TD. Assessing Vodka Authenticity and Origin in Vietnam's Market: An Analytical Approach Using FTIR and ICP-MS with Multivariate Statistics. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2024; 2024:5652559. [PMID: 39045342 PMCID: PMC11265943 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5652559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Vodka constitutes a significant sector of Vietnam's alcohol industry, including both domestic and imported varieties. However, this diversity faces challenges from illegal imports and adulterated products, threatening consumer health and brand integrity. This study employs Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to analyze 300 vodka samples from five brands collected across Hanoi. Significant variations were found in elemental compositions, with sodium concentrations ranging from 205.67 μg/L to 1269.24 μg/L and magnesium levels from 65.57 μg/L to 1453.34 μg/L. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the FTIR and ICP-MS data effectively differentiated the samples, with the first two principal components explaining 84.78% and 73.02% of the total variance, respectively. The PCA plots revealed distinct chemical profiles, notably isolating Rocket Vodka. These findings enhance food safety enforcement, protect consumer rights, and preserve brand reputations. The study underscores the importance of advanced analytical tools in combating beverage adulteration, ensuring public health, and maintaining market integrity, offering a replicable model for similar research in other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Truong Ngoc
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Quang Trung Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Science and Public Health, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam
| | - Van Thinh Pham
- Faculty of Food Science and TechnologyHo Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Le Tuan Anh Hoang
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Viet Anh Le
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Van Nhan Le
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Minh Duc Tran
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tien Dat Nguyen
- Center for High Technology Research and DevelopmentVietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
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Brevett CAS, Cox JA. Intentional Adulteration of Foods with Chemicals: Snapshot for 2009-2022. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100305. [PMID: 38796113 PMCID: PMC11343076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Global occurrences of the intentional adulteration of food with a chemical toxicant culled from the literature and news reports from 2009 to 2022 were analyzed in terms of their ability to cause mass public health harm. A total of 76 intentional adulteration events that involved over 27 chemicals and 16 foods were identified. The chemicals used included pesticides, rat poisons, illicit drugs, and commercial chemicals. A total of 253 deaths and 4,887 illnesses were attributed to intentional adulteration events; there were deaths in 20% and illnesses in 50% of the events. Intentional adulteration during manufacturing, which accounted for 21 events (28%), resulted in 205 deaths (81%) and 3,572 illnesses (73%). Intentional adulteration at the food preparation node, which accounted for 17 events (22%), resulted in 39 deaths (15%) and 387 illnesses (8%). On-farm intentional adulteration, eight events (10%) resulted in 843 illnesses (17%) and no deaths. The perpetrators who were identified generally had legitimate access to the food, although in 63% of the cases studied, the perpetrator was not identified. Economically motivated adulteration and revenge resulted in over 80% of the deaths and illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A S Brevett
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Chemical Security Analysis Center, Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate, Bldg. E3401, 2nd Floor, 8490 Ricketts Point Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Gunpowder, MD, 21010, USA.
| | - Jessica A Cox
- Chemical Security Analysis Center, Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate, Bldg. E3401, 2nd Floor, 8490 Ricketts Point Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Gunpowder, MD, 21010, USA.
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Jackson SE, Oldham M, Angus C, Holmes J, Brown J. Trends in purchasing cross-border, illicit and home-brewed alcohol: A population study in Great Britain, 2020-2023. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024; 43:1160-1171. [PMID: 38511409 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The last 3 years have seen substantial changes in Great Britain (GB) including the COVID-19 pandemic, cost-of-living crisis and policy changes such as minimum unit pricing. We examined changes in purchasing cross-border, illicit and home-brewed alcohol among risky drinkers over this period. METHODS Data were used from 22,086 adult (≥18 years) increasing/higher-risk drinkers (AUDIT-C ≥5) participating in a monthly cross-sectional survey between October 2020 and August 2023. We estimated time trends in the proportion reporting obtaining alcohol from: (i) cross-border (any/within-GB/international); (ii) illicit; and (iii) home-brewed sources in the past 6 months. RESULTS Between October 2020 and August 2023, the proportion reporting cross-border alcohol purchases increased (from 8.5% to 12.5% overall; prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.47 [95% CI 1.17-1.86]). This was largely driven by an increase in cross-border purchases abroad (PR = 1.52 [1.13-2.05]), with a smaller, uncertain increase in cross-border purchases within GB (PR = 1.37 [0.96-1.95]). The prevalence of cross-border alcohol purchasing was higher in Wales (13.8% [12.3-15.4%]) and Scotland (6.1% [5.4-6.8%]) than England (3.6% [3.3-3.9%]). There was little change in illicit alcohol purchasing in England or Wales (4.1% [3.7-4.4%]; 4.2% [3.2-5.1%]), but in Scotland it fell from 5.7% to 2.4% (PR = 0.42 [0.19-0.81]). Home-brewed alcohol was rare (GB: 3.1% [2.9-3.4]) and stable. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The proportion of increasing/higher-risk drinkers in GB purchasing cross-border alcohol increased between October 2020 and August 2023, due to an increase in people buying alcohol abroad. Cross-border alcohol purchases within GB were more commonly reported in Wales and Scotland. The small proportion purchasing illicit alcohol did not change substantially in England or Wales, but fell by half in Scotland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Jackson
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- SPECTRUM Consortium, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Melissa Oldham
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- SPECTRUM Consortium, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin Angus
- SPECTRUM Consortium, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John Holmes
- SPECTRUM Consortium, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jamie Brown
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- SPECTRUM Consortium, Edinburgh, UK
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Lapierre C, Erlandson LW, Stoneroad II R, Rhiner A, Gosnell R, Barber J, Pham L. Substances of health concern in home-distilled and commercial alcohols from Texas. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32317. [PMID: 38912503 PMCID: PMC11190660 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Poor distillation practices in the production of spirits have historically resulted in many instances of adverse health outcomes including death. Concern has focused on lead and copper contamination as well as unhealthy levels of methanol and glyphosate. This study assesses home-distilled and commercially distilled alcohols from Texas for these substances of concern, highlighting their potential risks to public health. Methods Atomic absorption spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to determine lead and copper, methanol, and glyphosate levels in 12 commercial and 36 home-distilled alcohol samples. Results Our findings showed that 11 % of the home-distilled alcohols exceeded the U.S. Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau's copper safety limits of 0.5 mg/L for wine. Additionally, 36 % of these samples surpassed the European Commission (EC)'s lead legal threshold of 0.15 mg/L set for wine products. Results from commercial alcohols indicated that no samples exceeded the same safety limits for copper, and 33 % exceeded the same legal threshold for lead. Both commercial and home-distilled alcohols exhibited methanol concentrations remarkably below the 0.35 % limit for brandy set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Only two home-distilled samples contained detectable glyphosate concentrations well below 100 μg/L, the maximum residue level in beer and wine established by the EC. Conclusions Our findings suggested that consumption of alcohol in Texas may pose potential health risks associated with the elevated content of lead and copper. There is a need for increased focus on alcohol as a potential source of exposure to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coady Lapierre
- Department of Counseling and Psychology, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Randy Stoneroad II
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Rhiner
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Texas, USA
| | - Renae Gosnell
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Texas, USA
| | - John Barber
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Texas, USA
| | - Linh Pham
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Texas, USA
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Sobhi N, Abdollahi M, Arman A, Mahmoodpoor A, Jafarizadeh A. Methanol Induced Optic Neuropathy: Molecular Mysteries, Public Health Perspective, Clinical Insights and Treatment Strategies. Semin Ophthalmol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38804878 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2024.2358310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Methanol-induced optic neuropathy (MION) represents a critical public health issue, particularly prevalent in lower socioeconomic populations and regions with restricted alcohol access. MION, characterized by irreversible visual impairment, arises from the toxic metabolization of methanol into formaldehyde and formic acid, leading to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation inhibition, oxidative stress, and subsequent neurotoxicity. The pathogenesis involves axonal and glial cell degeneration within the optic nerve and potential retinal damage. Despite advancements in therapeutic interventions, a significant proportion of affected individuals endure persistent visual sequelae. The study comprehensively investigates the pathophysiology of MION, encompassing the absorption and metabolism of methanol, subsequent systemic effects, and ocular impacts. Histopathological changes, including alterations in retinal layers and proteins, Müller cell dysfunction, and visual symptoms, are meticulously examined to provide insights into the disease mechanism. Furthermore, preventive measures and public health perspectives are discussed to highlight the importance of awareness and intervention strategies. Therapeutic approaches, such as decontamination procedures, ethanol and fomepizole administration, hemodialysis, intravenous fluids, electrolyte balance management, nutritional therapy, corticosteroid therapy, and erythropoietin (EPO) treatment, are evaluated for their efficacy in managing MION. This comprehensive review underscores the need for increased awareness, improved diagnostic strategies, and more effective treatments to mitigate the impact of MION on global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Sobhi
- Nikookari Eye Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mirsaeed Abdollahi
- Nikookari Eye Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Arman
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Jafarizadeh
- Nikookari Eye Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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Haddad S, Shawa M, Kane JC, Bwalya B, Sienkiewicz M, Kilbane G, Chibemba V, Chiluba P, Mtongo N, Metz K, Chibwe M, Mushabati N, Zulu A, Paul R, Banda Z, Loongo H, Kamanga M, Greene MC. Alcohol and other drug use patterns and services in an integrated refugee settlement in Northern Zambia: a formative research study. Confl Health 2023; 17:40. [PMID: 37620915 PMCID: PMC10464007 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-023-00538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on patterns of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use and how to effectively deliver services to address AOD use in humanitarian settings is limited. This study aimed to qualitatively explore the patterns of AOD use among Congolese refugees in Mantapala Refugee Settlement and members of the surrounding host community and identify potential appropriate intervention and implementation approaches to address AOD use disorders among conflict-affected populations. METHODS Fifty free listing interviews, 25 key informant interviews, and four focus group discussions were conducted among refugees, host community members, humanitarian implementing agency staff, and refugee incentive workers. These participants were selected based on their knowledge of AOD use and related problems in the settlement and the surrounding host community in northern Zambia. RESULTS Cannabis and home-brewed alcohol were the substances that were perceived to be most commonly used and have the greatest impact on the community. Participants reported that self-medication, boredom, and relief of daily stressors associated with lack of housing, safety, and employment were reasons that people used AODs. Participants recommended that programming include components to address the underlying causes of AOD use, such as livelihood activities. Stigma due to the criminalization of and societal ideals and religious beliefs regarding AOD use was identified as a substantial barrier to accessing and seeking treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study's findings indicate the need for services to address AOD use in Mantapala Refugee Settlement. Interventions should consider the social and structural determinants of AOD use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Haddad
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mbaita Shawa
- Women in Law and Development in Africa, PO Box 31456, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Jeremy C Kane
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Megan Sienkiewicz
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Grace Kilbane
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Veronica Chibemba
- Women in Law and Development in Africa, PO Box 31456, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Princess Chiluba
- Women in Law and Development in Africa, PO Box 31456, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Nkumbu Mtongo
- Women in Law and Development in Africa, PO Box 31456, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Kristina Metz
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mildred Chibwe
- Women in Law and Development in Africa, PO Box 31456, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Allan Zulu
- CARE Zambia, PO Box 36238, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Ravi Paul
- School of Medicine, University of Zambia, University Teaching Hospital, PO Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Zaliwe Banda
- Zambia Ministry of Health, PO Box 30205, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Muzi Kamanga
- Women in Law and Development in Africa, PO Box 31456, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - M Claire Greene
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Alqurashi GI, Alqurashi FS, Alhusayni KM, Falemban AH, Alhindi YZ, Alsanosi SM, Alzahrani AR, Al-Ghamdi SS, Ayoub N. Case Reports Study on Methanol Poisoning in King Abdul Aziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4282. [PMID: 37445316 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methanol poisoning is a challenging issue due to its inducing acute multiple organ failures, and especially due to a lack of preparedness, available antidotes, and management protocols. The current study presents six cases of methanol poisoning that attended the emergency department of King Abdul Aziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia, between March and November 2022. All of the patients suffered from severe metabolic acidosis and visual impairment following the ingestion of homemade alcoholic beverages and colonia. Three patients were comatose, suffered from post-cardiac pulmonary arrest, and, finally, died, while the other three were non-comatose and discharged from the ICU after improvement. Management was based on clinical symptoms and other laboratory findings due to a shortage of methanol level measurement resources. The antidote, fomepizole, was not given to all of the cases due to its deficiency, and ethanol was given only to one patient due to difficulties in administering it without monitoring its concentration. Methanol poisoning and its outbreak provide insights into the dangers of hazardous homemade alcohol and other pharmaceutical preparations that might be adulterated with methanol, particularly to the shortage of suitable diagnostic testing and antidotes in addition to poor resources for management of intoxicated patients in some regions of Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadi I Alqurashi
- Pharmacy Department, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Taif 26521, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad S Alqurashi
- Pharmacy Department, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Taif 26521, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alaa H Falemban
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosra Z Alhindi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safaa M Alsanosi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah R Alzahrani
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed S Al-Ghamdi
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Ayoub
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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ŞAHİN T, BOL O, ALTUNTAŞ M. Acil Servise Başvuran Metil Alkol Zehirlenmelerinin Geriye Dönük Analizi. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.1147742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Methyl alcohol poisoning remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. This poisoning is still one of the important reasons for admission to emergency services. We aimed to examine the admission complaints, laboratory findings, treatment methods, clinical outcomes and examine the factors affecting the mortality of patients diagnosed with methyl alcohol poisoning in the emergency department.
Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, we analysed the patients who were considered to be diagnosed with methyl alcohol intoxication among those who came to our emergency department due to alcohol intoxication from June 1, 2018 to June 1, 2020.
Results: The study included 20 (4.86%) individuals with methyl alcohol poisoning among 411 people who presented to the emergency department due to ethyl and methyl alcohol intake and resulting effects.The mean age of the patients was 47.35±14.2 years and 85% (n=17/20) were male. Upon reviewing the patients' admission symptoms, 70% were observed to have visual problems, 60% complaints of vomiting, 45% shortness of breath, and 40% changes in consciousness. In the study, it was revealed that 18.2%(n=2/11) females and 81.8%(n=9/11) males died, and the mortality rate was calculated as 55%(n=11/20).
Conclusions: The presence of visual problems, hypotension, and coma in clinical findings, high anion gap metabolic acidosis, marked osmolar gap, an increase in lactate level, and hyperglycemia in laboratory findings may be the early signs of mortality in patients with methyl alcohol poisoning. Therefore, patients with these signs should be followed up more closely and treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner ŞAHİN
- SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KAYSERİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ
| | - Oğuzhan BOL
- SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KAYSERİ ŞEHİR SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ
| | - Mükerrem ALTUNTAŞ
- SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KAYSERİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ
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10
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Tonezzer M, Bazzanella N, Gasperi F, Biasioli F. Nanosensor Based on Thermal Gradient and Machine Learning for the Detection of Methanol Adulteration in Alcoholic Beverages and Methanol Poisoning. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22155554. [PMID: 35898057 PMCID: PMC9329758 DOI: 10.3390/s22155554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Methanol, naturally present in small quantities in the distillation of alcoholic beverages, can lead to serious health problems. When it exceeds a certain concentration, it causes blindness, organ failure, and even death if not recognized in time. Analytical techniques such as chromatography are used to detect dangerous concentrations of methanol, which are very accurate but also expensive, cumbersome, and time-consuming. Therefore, a gas sensor that is inexpensive and portable and capable of distinguishing methanol from ethanol would be very useful. Here, we present a resistive gas sensor, based on tin oxide nanowires, that works in a thermal gradient. By combining responses at various temperatures and using machine learning algorithms (PCA, SVM, LDA), the device can distinguish methanol from ethanol in a wide range of concentrations (1–100 ppm) in both dry air and under different humidity conditions (25–75% RH). The proposed sensor, which is small and inexpensive, demonstrates the ability to distinguish methanol from ethanol at different concentrations and could be developed both to detect the adulteration of alcoholic beverages and to quickly recognize methanol poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tonezzer
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (F.G.); (F.B.)
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- IMEM-CNR, Sede di Trent o-FBK, Via alla Cascata 56/C, Povo, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0461-314-828
| | - Nicola Bazzanella
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trento, Povo, 38123 Trento, Italy;
| | - Flavia Gasperi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (F.G.); (F.B.)
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (F.G.); (F.B.)
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Marvin HJ, Hoenderdaal W, Gavai AK, Mu W, van den Bulk LM, Liu N, Frasso G, Ozen N, Elliott C, Manning L, Bouzembrak Y. Global media as an early warning tool for food fraud; an assessment of MedISys-FF. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kowalska A, Manning L. Food Safety Governance and Guardianship: The Role of the Private Sector in Addressing the EU Ethylene Oxide Incident. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020204. [PMID: 35053936 PMCID: PMC8774432 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesame seeds within the European Union (EU) are classified as foods not of animal origin. Two food safety issues associated with sesame seeds have emerged in recent years, i.e., Salmonella contamination and the presence of ethylene oxide. Fumigation with ethylene oxide to reduce Salmonella in seeds and spices is not approved in the EU, so its presence in sesame seeds from India was a sentinel incident sparking multiple trans-European product recalls between 2020-2021. Following an interpretivist approach, this study utilises academic and grey sources including data from the EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) database to inform a critical appraisal of current EU foods not of animal origin legislation and associated governance structures and surveillance programs. This is of particular importance as consumers are encouraged towards plant-based diets. This study shows the importance of collaborative governance utilizing data from company testing and audits as well as official regulatory controls to define the depth and breadth of a given incident in Europe. The development of reflexive governance supported by the newest technology (e.g., blockchain) might be of value in public-private models of food safety governance. This study contributes to the literature on the adoption of risk-based food safety regulation and the associated hybrid public-private models of food safety governance where both regulators and private organizations play a vital role in assuring public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kowalska
- Institute of Economics and Finance, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, pl. Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 5, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Louise Manning
- School of Agriculture, Food and the Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Stroud Road, Cirencester GL7 6JS, UK
- Correspondence:
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