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Xia Z, Liu Z, Liu Y, Cui W, Zheng D, Tao M, Zhou Y, Peng X. Differentiating Pond-Intensive, Paddy-Ecologically, and Free-Range Cultured Crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii) Using Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis Coupled with Chemometrics. Foods 2024; 13:2947. [PMID: 39335876 PMCID: PMC11431733 DOI: 10.3390/foods13182947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The farming pattern of crayfish significantly impacts their quality, safety, and nutrition. Typically, green and ecologically friendly products command higher economic value and market competitiveness. Consequently, intensive farming methods are frequently employed in an attempt to replace these environmentally friendly products, leading to potential instances of commercial fraud. In this study, stable isotope and multi-element analysis were utilized in conjunction with multivariate modeling to differentiate between pond-intensive, paddy-ecologically, and free-range cultured crayfish. The four stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen (δ13C, δ15N, δ2H, δ18O) and 20 elements from 88 crayfish samples and their feeds were determined for variance analysis and correlation analysis. To identify and differentiate three different farming pattern crayfish, unsupervised methods such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used, as well as supervised multivariate modeling, specifically partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The HCA and PCA exhibited limited effectiveness in classifying the farming pattern of crayfish, whereas the PLS-DA demonstrated a more robust performance with a predictive accuracy of 90.8%. Additionally, variables such as δ13C, δ15N, δ2H, Mn, and Co exhibited relatively higher contributions in the PLS-DA model, with a variable influence on projection (VIP) greater than 1. This study is the first attempt to use stable isotope and multi-element analysis to distinguish crayfish under three farming patterns. It holds promising potential as an effective strategy for crayfish authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Wenwen Cui
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Mingfang Tao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Youxiang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xitian Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
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Savoia MA, Mascio I, Miazzi MM, De Giovanni C, Grillo Spina F, Carpino S, Fanelli V, Montemurro C. Molecular Traceability Approach to Assess the Geographical Origin of Commercial Extra Virgin Olive Oil. Foods 2024; 13:2240. [PMID: 39063323 PMCID: PMC11275430 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a precious and healthy ingredient of Mediterranean cuisine. Due to its high nutritional value, the interest of consumers in the composition of EVOO is constantly increasing, making it a product particularly exposed to fraud. Therefore, there is a need to properly valorize high-quality EVOO and protect it from fraudulent manipulations to safeguard consumer choices. In our study, we used a straightforward and easy method to assess the molecular traceability of 28 commercial EVOO samples based on the use of SSR molecular markers. A lack of correspondence between the declared origin of the samples and the actual origin of the detected varieties was observed, suggesting possible adulteration. This result was supported by the identification of private alleles based on a large collection of national and international olive varieties and the search for them in the molecular profile of the analyzed samples. We demonstrated that the proposed method is a rapid and straightforward approach for identifying the composition of an oil sample and verifying the correspondence between the origin of olives declared on the label and that of the actual detected varieties, allowing the detection of possible adulterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Antonio Savoia
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.A.S.); (I.M.); (M.M.M.); (C.D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Isabella Mascio
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.A.S.); (I.M.); (M.M.M.); (C.D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Monica Marilena Miazzi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.A.S.); (I.M.); (M.M.M.); (C.D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudio De Giovanni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.A.S.); (I.M.); (M.M.M.); (C.D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Fabio Grillo Spina
- Department of the Central Inspectorate for the Protection of the Quality and Repression of Fraud of Food Products (ICQRF), Via Quintino Sella 42, 00187 Roma, Italy;
| | - Stefania Carpino
- Central Inspectorate for Fraud Repression and Quality Protection of the Agrifood Products and Food (ICQRF), The Ministry of Agriculture, Food Sovereignty and Forests (MASAF), Via Quintino Sella 42, 00187 Roma, Italy;
| | - Valentina Fanelli
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.A.S.); (I.M.); (M.M.M.); (C.D.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Cinzia Montemurro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.A.S.); (I.M.); (M.M.M.); (C.D.G.); (C.M.)
- Spin Off Sinagri s.r.l., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Carullo G, Borghini F, Fusi F, Saponara S, Fontana A, Pozzetti L, Fedeli R, Panti A, Gorelli B, Aquino G, Basilicata MG, Pepe G, Campiglia P, Biagiotti S, Gemma S, Butini S, Pianezze S, Loppi S, Cavaglioni A, Perini M, Campiani G. Traceability and authentication in agri-food production: A multivariate approach to the characterization ofthe Italian food excellence elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.), a vasoactive nutraceutical. Food Chem 2024; 444:138684. [PMID: 38359701 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A research platform for food authentication was set up by combining stable isotope ratio analysis, metabolomics by gas and liquid mass-spectrometry and NMR investigations, chemometric analyses for food excellences. This multi-analytical approach was tested on samples of elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.), a species belonging to the same genus of common garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.), mainly produced in southern Tuscany-(Allium ampeloprasum). The isotopic composition allowed the product to be geographically characterized. Flavonoids, like (+)-catechin, cinnamic acids, quercetin glycosides were identified. The samples showed also a significant amount of dipeptides, sulphur-containing metabolites and glutathione, the latter of which could be considered a molecular marker of the analyzed elephant garlic. For nutraceutical profiling to reach quality labels, extracts were investigated in specific biological assays, displaying interesting vasorelaxant properties in rat aorta by mediating nitric oxide release from the endothelium and exhibited positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects in rat perfused heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Francesca Borghini
- ISVEA Srl, Istituto per lo Sviluppo Viticolo Enologico e Agroindustriale, 53036 Poggibonsi(SI), Italy.
| | - Fabio Fusi
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Simona Saponara
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Anna Fontana
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Fedeli
- BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Alice Panti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Gorelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | | | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy.
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Stefano Biagiotti
- Telematic University Pegaso, Piazza Trieste e Trento, 48 -80132 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pianezze
- Experimental and Technological Services Department, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38098 San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.
| | - Stefano Loppi
- BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Cavaglioni
- ISVEA Srl, Istituto per lo Sviluppo Viticolo Enologico e Agroindustriale, 53036 Poggibonsi(SI), Italy.
| | - Matteo Perini
- Experimental and Technological Services Department, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38098 San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-7346, Iran.
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Rehman N, Edkins V, Ogrinc N. Is Sustainable Consumption a Sufficient Motivator for Consumers to Adopt Meat Alternatives? A Consumer Perspective on Plant-Based, Cell-Culture-Derived, and Insect-Based Alternatives. Foods 2024; 13:1627. [PMID: 38890856 PMCID: PMC11171576 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates consumer preference and acceptance of three meat alternatives-plant-based, lab-grown, and insect-based-as sustainable choices to meet the demands of a growing population and evolving food systems. Insights were gathered from European consumers regarding their perceptions and consumption patterns using a mixed-methods approach. The approach employed a questionnaire followed by focus group discussions conducted in Slovenia and the UK to understand the motivations and barriers behind their responses. The UK and Slovenia were chosen as they provided the highest response rates to the questionnaire and they have differing legislation. The results show that plant-based alternatives are the most familiar and accepted option, while lab-grown meat and insect-based products are less familiar and have lower acceptance rates. Moreover, they show that although sustainability factors are important to consumers, they are not their only concern; health and nutrition are the primary motivators for choosing meat alternatives. These are followed closely by sensory appeal, pricing, and a preference for natural, minimally processed options. Based on insights from the focus groups, strategies to overcome the barriers to the acceptance of meat alternatives should include targeted product categorisation and placement, educational campaigns, effective use of media, and greater transparency in product information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayyer Rehman
- WRG Europe Ltd., 26-28 Southernhay East, Exeter EX1 1NS, UK
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Nives Ogrinc
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Moine A, Boccacci P, De Paolis C, Rolle L, Gambino G. TaqMan® and HRM approaches for SNP genotyping in genetic traceability of musts and wines. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100707. [PMID: 38444732 PMCID: PMC10912045 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The fight against fraud in the wine sector requires continuous improvements and validations of new technologies applicable to musts and wines. Starting from published data from the Vitis18kSNP array, a series of new specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers have been identified for some important north-western Italian cultivars, such as Barbera, Dolcetto and Arneis (Vitis vinifera L.), used in the production of high-quality wines under Protected Denomination of Origin. A pair of new SNP markers for each grape variety were selected and validated using two real-time PCR techniques: TaqMan® genotyping assays and high-resolution melting analysis (HRM). The TaqMan® assay has proven to be more reliable and repeatable than HRM analysis because despite being an economical and versatile technique for the detection of different types of genomic mutations (SNPs, insertions or deletions), HRM has shown limitations in the presence of poor-quality DNA extracted from musts and wines. TaqMan® assays have successfully identified Barbera, Dolcetto and Arneis in their respective musts and experimental wines, and with good efficiency in commercial wines. Marked differences between genotypes were observed, varietal identification in Dolcetto-based musts/wines was more efficient than that in Arneis-based wines. Therefore, the TaqMan® assay has considerable potential for varietal identification in wines and the procedure described in the present work can be easily adapted to all wines with adequate setup of DNA extraction methods that should be adapted to different wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Moine
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada Delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Boccacci
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada Delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - Camilla De Paolis
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Luca Rolle
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Grapevines and Wine Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Enotria 2/C, 12051, Alba, CN, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gambino
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada Delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
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Wang YC, Liu SH, Ho HC, Su HY, Chang CH. DNA mini-barcoding reveals the mislabeling rate of canned cat food in Taiwan. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16833. [PMID: 38406290 PMCID: PMC10893872 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Domestic cats are important companion animals in modern society that live closely with their owners. Mislabeling of pet food can not only harm pets but also cause issues in areas such as religious beliefs and natural resource management. Currently, the cat food market is booming. However, despite the risk that mislabeling poses to cats and humans, few studies have focused on species misrepresentation in cat food products. Methods To address this issue, we used DNA barcoding, a highly effective identification methodology that can be applied to even highly processed products. We targeted a short segment (~85 basepairs) of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA (16S) gene as a barcode and employed Sanger or next generation sequencing (NGS) to inspect 138 canned cat food products in the Taiwanese market. Results We discovered that the majority of mislabeling incidents were related to replacement of tuna with other species. Moreover, our metabarcoding revealed that numerous undeclared ingredients were present in all examined canned products. One product contained CITES Appendix II-listed shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus). Overall, we uncovered a mislabeling rate of at least 28.99%. To verify cases of mislabeling, an official standardized list of vernacular names, along with the corresponding scientific species names, as well as a dependable barcoding reference sequence database are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Technical Service Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hui Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Ching Ho
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yin Su
- Department of Science Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Science Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ricardo F, Veríssimo AC, Maciel E, Domingues MR, Calado R. Fatty Acid Profiling as a Tool for Fostering the Traceability of the Halophyte Plant Salicornia ramosissima and Contributing to Its Nutritional Valorization. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:545. [PMID: 38498533 PMCID: PMC10891689 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Salicornia ramosissima, commonly known as glasswort or sea asparagus, is a halophyte plant cultivated for human consumption that is often referred to as a sea vegetable rich in health-promoting n-3 fatty acids (FAs). Yet, the effect of abiotic conditions, such as salinity and temperature, on the FA profile of S. ramosissima remains largely unknown. These factors can potentially shape its nutritional composition and yield unique fatty acid signatures that can reveal its geographical origin. In this context, samples of S. ramosissima were collected from four different locations along the coastline of mainland Portugal and their FAs were profiled through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The lipid extracts displayed a high content of essential FAs, such as 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3. In addition to an epoxide fatty acid exclusively identified in samples from the Mondego estuary, the relative abundance of FAs varied between origin sites, revealing that FA profiles can be used as site-specific lipid fingerprints. This study highlights the role of abiotic conditions on the nutritional profile of S. ramosissima and establishes FA profiling as a potential avenue to trace the geographic origin of this halophyte plant. Overall, the present approach can make origin certification possible, safeguard quality, and enhance consumers' trust in novel foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ricardo
- Laboratório para a Inovação e Sustentabilidade dos Recursos Biológicos Marinhos (ECOMARE), Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Carolina Veríssimo
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.V.); (E.M.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Maciel
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.V.); (E.M.)
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.V.); (E.M.)
- Centro de Espetrometria de Massa, Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Calado
- Laboratório para a Inovação e Sustentabilidade dos Recursos Biológicos Marinhos (ECOMARE), Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Perga S, Biolatti C, Martini I, Rossi F, Benso A, Acutis PL, Bagnato A, Cognata D, Caroggio P, Peletto S, Modesto P. Application of Microsatellites to Trace the Dairy Products Back to the Farm of Origin. Foods 2023; 12:4131. [PMID: 38002189 PMCID: PMC10670529 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of food frauds, mainly targeting high quality products, is a rising concern among producers and authorities appointed to food controls. Therefore, the development or implementation of methods to reveal frauds is desired. The genetic traceability of traditional or high-quality dairy products (i.e., products of protected designation of origin, PDO) represents a challenging issue due to the technical problems that arise. The aim of the study was to set up a genetic tool for the origin traceability of dairy products. We investigated the use of Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) to assign milk and cheese to the corresponding producer. Two farms were included in the study, and the blood of the cows, bulk milk, and derived cheese were sampled monthly for one year. Twenty STRs were selected and Polymerase Chain Reactions for each locus were carried out. The results showed that bulk milk and derived cheese express an STR profile composed of a subset of STRs of the lactating animals. A bioinformatics tool was used for the exclusion analysis. The study allowed the identification of a panel of 20 markers useful for the traceability of milk and cheeses, and its effectiveness in the traceability of dairy products obtained from small producers was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Perga
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (C.B.); (I.M.); (P.L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Cristina Biolatti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (C.B.); (I.M.); (P.L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Isabella Martini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (C.B.); (I.M.); (P.L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Francesco Rossi
- Computer and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy (A.B.)
| | - Alfredo Benso
- Computer and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy (A.B.)
| | - Pier Luigi Acutis
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (C.B.); (I.M.); (P.L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Alessandro Bagnato
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | | | - Piero Caroggio
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale 1 Imperiese, 18100 Imperia, Italy;
| | - Simone Peletto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (C.B.); (I.M.); (P.L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Paola Modesto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy; (S.P.); (C.B.); (I.M.); (P.L.A.); (S.P.)
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Oliveira M, Azevedo L, Ballard D, Branicki W, Amorim A. Using plants in forensics: State-of-the-art and prospects. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111860. [PMID: 37683985 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of plant evidence in forensic investigations gave rise to a powerful new discipline - Forensic Botany - that analyses micro- or macroscopic plant materials, such as the totality or fragments of an organ (i.e., leaves, stems, seeds, fruits, roots) and tissue (i.e., pollen grains, spores, fibers, cork) or its chemical composition (i. e., secondary metabolites, isotopes, DNA, starch grains). Forensic botanists frequently use microscopy, chemical analysis, and botanical expertise to identify and interpret evidence crucial to solving civil and criminal issues, collaborating in enforcing laws or regulations, and ensuring public health safeguards. The present work comprehensively examines the current state and future potential of Forensic Botany. The first section conveys the critical steps of plant evidence collection, documentation, and preservation, emphasizing the importance of these initial steps in maintaining the integrity of the items. It explores the different molecular analyses, covering the identification of plant species and varieties or cultivars, and discusses the limitations and challenges of these techniques in forensics. The subsequent section covers the diversity of Forensic Botany approaches, examining how plant evidence exposes food and pharmaceutical frauds, uncovers insufficient or erroneous labeling, traces illegal drug trafficking routes, and combats the illegal collection or trade of protected species and derivatives. National and global security issues, including the implications of biological warfare, bioterrorism, and biocrime are addressed, and a review of the contributions of plant evidence in crime scene investigations is provided, synthesizing a comprehensive overview of the diverse facets of Forensic Botany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Ipatimup - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Azevedo
- UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - David Ballard
- King's Forensics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Forensic Research, Kraków, Poland
| | - Antonio Amorim
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Ipatimup - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; FCUP - Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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10
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Markos MU, Tola Y, Kebede BT, Ogah O. Metabolomics: A suitable foodomics approach to the geographical origin traceability of Ethiopian Arabica specialty coffees. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4419-4431. [PMID: 37576063 PMCID: PMC10420859 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee arabica, originated in Ethiopia, is considered a quality bean for its high sensory qualities, and has a special price in the world coffee market. The country is a pool of genetic diversity for Arabica coffee, and coffee from different regions has a distinct flavor profile. Their exceptional quality is attributed to their genetic diversity, favorable environmental conditions, and agroforestry-based production system. However, the country still needs to benefit from its single-origin product due to a lack of appropriate traceability information to register for its geographical indication. Certification of certain plants or plant-derived products emerged to inform consumers about their exceptional qualities due to their geographical origin and protect the product from fraud. The recently emerging foodomics approaches, namely proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics, are reported as suitable means of regional agri-food product authentication and traceability. Particularly, the metabolomics approach provides truthful information on product traceability. Despite efforts by some researchers to trace the geographical origin of Ethiopian Arabica coffees through stable isotope and phenolic compound profiling and elemental analysis, foodomics approaches are not used to trace the geographical origin of Arabica specialty coffees from various parts of the country. A metabolomics-based traceability system that demonstrates the connection between the exceptional attributes of Ethiopian Arabica specialty coffees and their geographic origin is recommended to maximize the benefit of single-origin coffees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiso Urugo Markos
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, College of Agricultural SciencesWachemo UniversityHosannaEthiopia
- Department of Postharvest Management, College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineJimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia
| | - Yetenayet Tola
- Department of Postharvest Management, College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineJimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia
| | | | - Onwuchekwa Ogah
- Department of BiotechnologyEbonyi State UniversityAbakalikiNigeria
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11
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Implementation of relevant fourth industrial revolution innovations across the supply chain of fruits and vegetables: A short update on Traceability 4.0. Food Chem 2023; 409:135303. [PMID: 36586255 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Food Traceability 4.0 refers to the application of fourth industrial revolution (or Industry 4.0) technologies to ensure food authenticity, safety, and high food quality. Growing interest in food traceability has led to the development of a wide range of chemical, biomolecular, isotopic, chromatographic, and spectroscopic methods with varied performance and success rates. This review will give an update on the application of Traceability 4.0 in the fruits and vegetables sector, focusing on relevant Industry 4.0 enablers, especially Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and Big Data. The results show that the Traceability 4.0 has significant potential to improve quality and safety of many fruits and vegetables, enhance transparency, reduce the costs of food recalls, and decrease waste and loss. However, due to their high implementation costs and lack of adaptability to industrial environments, most of these advanced technologies have not yet gone beyond the laboratory scale. Therefore, further research is anticipated to overcome current limitations for large-scale applications.
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12
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Varrà MO, Zanardi E, Serra M, Conter M, Ianieri A, Ghidini S. Isotope Fingerprinting as a Backup for Modern Safety and Traceability Systems in the Animal-Derived Food Chain. Molecules 2023; 28:4300. [PMID: 37298773 PMCID: PMC10254398 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, due to the globalization of food trade and certified agro-food products, the authenticity and traceability of food have received increasing attention. As a result, opportunities for fraudulent practices arise, highlighting the need to protect consumers from economic and health damages. In this regard, specific analytical techniques have been optimized and implemented to support the integrity of the food chain, such as those targeting different isotopes and their ratios. This review article explores the scientific progress of the last decade in the study of the isotopic identity card of food of animal origin, provides the reader with an overview of its application, and focuses on whether the combination of isotopes with other markers increases confidence and robustness in food authenticity testing. To this purpose, a total of 135 studies analyzing fish and seafood, meat, eggs, milk, and dairy products, and aiming to examine the relation between isotopic ratios and the geographical provenance, feeding regime, production method, and seasonality were reviewed. Current trends and major research achievements in the field were discussed and commented on in detail, pointing out advantages and drawbacks typically associated with this analytical approach and arguing future improvements and changes that need to be made to recognize it as a standard and validated method for fraud mitigation and safety control in the sector of food of animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Olga Varrà
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Emanuela Zanardi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Serra
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Mauro Conter
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Adriana Ianieri
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Sergio Ghidini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
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13
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Fanelli V, Dellino M, Taranto F, De Giovanni C, Sabetta W, De Vita P, Montemurro C. Varietal identification in pasta through an SSR-based approach: a case study. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023. [PMID: 37058574 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pasta is a worldwide popular Italian food made exclusively of durum wheat. The choice of variety to be used to produce pasta is at the discretion of the producer based on the peculiar characteristics of each cultivar. The availability of analytical approaches for the tracking of specific varieties along the productive chain is becoming increasingly important to authenticate the pasta products and distinguish between fraudulent activities and cross-contaminations during the production process. Among the different methods, molecular approaches based on DNA markers are the most used for these purposes because of their ease of use and high reproducibility. RESULTS In the present study, we used an easy simple sequence repeats-based method to identify the durum wheat varieties used to produce 25 samples of semolina and commercial pasta comparing their molecular profile with those of the four varieties declared by the producer and other 10 durum wheat cultivars commonly used in pasta production. All of the samples showed the expected molecular profile; however, most of them present also a foreign allele indicating a possible cross-contamination. Moreover, we evaluated the accuracy of the proposed approach through the analysis of 27 hand-made mixtures with increasing amounts of a specific contaminant variety, allowing the estimation of the limit of detection of 5% (w/w). CONCLUSION We demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method and its effectiveness in the detection of not declared varieties when these are present in a percentage equal to or higher than 5%. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fanelli
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Dellino
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Taranto
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy (IBBR-CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Claudio De Giovanni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Wilma Sabetta
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy (IBBR-CNR), Bari, Italy
- Spin off Sinagri s.r.l., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Montemurro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Spin off Sinagri s.r.l., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection-Support Unit Bari, National Research Council of Italy (IPSP-CNR), Bari, Italy
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14
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Vaitiekūnaitė D, Dodoo D, Snitka V. Traceability of bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) of the Baltic-Nordic region using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): DFT simulation-based DNA analysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122192. [PMID: 36493623 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Food traceability is a major issue in the industry. We investigated whether bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) from 4 different locations within the Baltic-Nordic region could be effectively differentiated using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based spectral data and chemometric analyses. Furthermore, we aimed to determine if nucleobase (adenine and cytosine) methylation could be responsible for any observed variation. Our experiment was successful in that both principal component (PCA) and discriminant function analyses (DFA) showed differentiation between bilberry DNA from all 4 geographical regions. Density functional theory (DFT) based simulations allowed us to analyze whether DNA's spectral data dissimilarities may be due to nucleobase methylation. Although results were inconclusive on this, our investigation provides valuable data on simulated versus experimental DNA and DNA component spectra. Further research will be directed towards understanding what other epigenetic changes could be responsible for the observed DNA variation as well as determining the optimal parameters for using DFT simulations in upcoming projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorotėja Vaitiekūnaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Laboratory of Forest Plant Biotechnology Institute of Forestry, Liepu st. 1, LT-53101 Girionys, Lithuania.
| | - Daniel Dodoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Valentinas Snitka
- Research Center for Microsystems and Nanotechnology, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu str. 65, LT-51369 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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15
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Carreiro AR, Ramos JA, Mata V, Almeida NM, Paiva VH, Lopes RJ. DNA sequencing shows that tropical tuna species misidentification can be an underestimated issue in fish landings. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Liu K, Xing R, Sun R, Ge Y, Chen Y. An Accurate and Rapid Way for Identifying Food Geographical Origin and Authenticity: Editable DNA-Traceable Barcode. Foods 2022; 12:17. [PMID: 36613233 PMCID: PMC9818171 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA offers significant advantages in information density, durability, and replication efficiency compared with information labeling solutions using electronic, magnetic, or optical devices. Synthetic DNA containing specific information via gene editing techniques is a promising identifying approach. We developed a new traceability approach to convert traditional digitized information into DNA sequence information. We used encapsulation to make it stable for storage and to enable reading and detection by DNA sequencing and PCR-capillary electrophoresis (PCR-CE). The synthesized fragment consisted of a short fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene from the Holothuria fuscogilva (ID: LC593268.1), inserted geographical origin information (18 bp), and authenticity information from Citrus sinensis (20 bp). The obtained DNA-traceable barcodes were cloned into vector PMD19-T. Sanger sequencing of the DNA-traceable barcode vector was 100% accurate and provided a complete readout of the traceability information. Using selected recognition primers CAI-B, DNA-traceable barcodes were identified rapidly by PCR amplification. We encapsulated the DNA-traceable barcodes into amorphous silica spheres and improved the encapsulation procedure to ensure the durability of the DNA-traceable barcodes. To demonstrate the applicability of DNA-traceable barcodes as product labels, we selected Citrus sinensis as an example. We found that the recovered and purified DNA-traceable barcode can be analyzed by standard techniques (PCR-CE for DNA-traceable barcode identification and DNA sequencing for readout). This study provides an accurate and rapid approach to identifying and certifying products' authenticity and traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehan Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Ranran Xing
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Ruixue Sun
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yiqiang Ge
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
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17
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An Overview on the Application of Chemometrics Tools in Food Authenticity and Traceability. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233940. [PMID: 36496748 PMCID: PMC9738746 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of advanced chemometrics tools in food authenticity research is crucial for managing the huge amount of data that is generated by applying state-of-the-art analytical methods such as chromatographic, spectroscopic, and non-targeted fingerprinting approaches. Thus, this review article provides description, classification, and comparison of the most important statistical techniques that are commonly employed in food authentication and traceability, including methods for exploratory data analysis, discrimination, and classification, as well as for regression and prediction. This literature revision is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to provide a general overview to non-expert readers in the use of chemometrics in food science. Overall, the available literature suggests that the selection of the most appropriate statistical technique is dependent on the characteristics of the data matrix, but combining complementary tools is usually needed for properly handling data complexity. In that way, chemometrics has become a powerful ally in facilitating the detection of frauds and ensuring the authenticity and traceability of foods.
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18
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Polarized light microscopy guarantees the use of autochthonous wheat in the production of flour for the Protected Geographical Indication ‘Galician Bread’. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Bullé Rêgo ES, Santos DL, Hernández-Macedo ML, Padilha FF, López JA. Methods for the prevention and control of microbial spoilage and undesirable compounds in wine manufacturing. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Mukantayev K, Kanayev D, Zhumabekova S, Shevtsov A, Tursunov K, Mukanov K, Ramankulov Y. Optimization of polymerase chain reaction for the identification of Roe deer, Saiga, and Siberian stag living in Kazakhstan. Vet World 2022; 15:2067-2071. [PMID: 36313838 PMCID: PMC9615498 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2067-2071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the reasons for the decline in the number of wild species of artiodactyls is poaching and the illegal trading of animal products. Molecular genetic identification of animals from a biological sample effectively proves poaching cases and illegal trade of animal products. This study aimed to develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test that allows for species identification of artiodactyl animals that are most often subject to poaching. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from meat and blood samples of animals killed by poachers using commercial kits. Three pairs of primers were designed and used to amplify the cytochrome b gene fragment of Roe deer, Saiga antelope, and Siberian stag. Results: The proposed protocol allows amplification of specific PCR products of 542 bp with Roe deer DNA, 587 bp with Saiga DNA, and 525 bp with Siberian stag DNA. Specificity analysis showed no cross activity with DNA from other animal species. The detection limit of PCR ranged from 15.6 pg to 1.9 pg of DNA in 25 mL of the reaction mixture. Conclusion: Sequencing the amplified products and subsequent comparison with the corresponding reference sequence showed a similarity ranging from 99.99% to 100%. The PCR based on the developed primers demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity when using DNA from homogeneous and heterogeneous animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanatbek Mukantayev
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Immunobiotechnology, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Darkhan Kanayev
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Immunobiotechnology, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Sholpan Zhumabekova
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Immunobiotechnology, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexander Shevtsov
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Kanat Tursunov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Immunobiotechnology, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Kasim Mukanov
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerlan Ramankulov
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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21
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Hassoun A, Alhaj Abdullah N, Aït-Kaddour A, Ghellam M, Beşir A, Zannou O, Önal B, Aadil RM, Lorenzo JM, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Regenstein JM. Food traceability 4.0 as part of the fourth industrial revolution: key enabling technologies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:873-889. [PMID: 35950635 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2110033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Food Traceability 4.0 (FT 4.0) is about tracing foods in the era of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) with techniques and technologies reflecting this new revolution. Interest in food traceability has gained momentum in response to, among others events, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, reinforcing the need for digital food traceability that prevents food fraud and provides reliable information about food. This review will briefly summarize the most common conventional methods available to determine food authenticity before highlighting examples of emerging techniques that can be used to combat food fraud and improve food traceability. A particular focus will be on the concept of FT 4.0 and the significant role of digital solutions and other relevant Industry 4.0 innovations in enhancing food traceability. Based on this review, a possible new research topic, namely FT 4.0, is encouraged to take advantage of the rapid digitalization and technological advances occurring in the era of Industry 4.0. The main FT 4.0 enablers are blockchain, the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, and big data. Digital technologies in the age of Industry 4.0 have significant potential to improve the way food is traced, decrease food waste and reduce vulnerability to fraud opening new opportunities to achieve smarter food traceability. Although most of these emerging technologies are still under development, it is anticipated that future research will overcome current limitations making large-scale applications possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdo Hassoun
- Sustainable AgriFoodtech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
- Syrian Academic Expertise (SAE), Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | | | - Mohamed Ghellam
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Beşir
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Oscar Zannou
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Begüm Önal
- Gourmet International Ltd, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joe M Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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22
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The Status of Genetic Resources and Olive Breeding in Tunisia. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131759. [PMID: 35807711 PMCID: PMC9268818 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The olive tree, an iconic symbol of the Mediterranean basin, is the object of growing international interest in the production of olive oil for the world food market. In Tunisia, which is the fourth-largest producer of olive oil in the world, the production of olives and olive oil is of great socio-economic importance. Cultivation is widespread from north to south, but it is carried out using traditional techniques that results in extremely irregular production levels. To maintain their competitiveness on the international market, Tunisian producers must improve the quality of the oil through breeding plans that enhance the rich genetic heritage that is still not adequately exploited. The objective of this review is to present the state of olive breeding in Tunisia, illustrating the opportunities available for a better use of the rich Tunisian genetic heritage, the challenges it must face, and the need to multiply the efforts for sustainability, even in the light of the challenges posed by climate changes.
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23
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Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches (Second Issue). Foods 2022; 11:foods11131926. [PMID: 35804739 PMCID: PMC9265475 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The authentication of foods and beverages is a very current topic of great interest for all the actors involved in the food chain, including the food industry, consumers, and food science researchers [...]
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24
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Giulia T, Vallauri G, Pavese V, Valentini N, Ruffa P, Botta R, Torello Marinoni D. Identification of the hazelnut cultivar in raw kernels and in semi-processed and processed products. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe request for an efficient traceability system able to identify hazelnut cultivars along the entire processing chain is becoming a critical point for avoiding fraudulent practices and safeguarding the interests of growers, food processors and consumers. In this study, DNA was extracted from different hazelnut matrices, including plant material (leaf, kernel and kernel episperm), and processed foods (paste, grain, flour and different types of snacks containing hazelnuts). The efficiency of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers was tested to identify the hazelnut cultivar ‘Tonda Gentile’ in all the supply chain. The analysis at 10 SSR loci was able to verify the presence/absence of the alleles of a declared cultivar contained in these matrices. The SSR analysis of DNA from raw episperm offers the possibility of identifying the mother cultivar and is suggested as an effective way to discover frauds since DNA analysis can be performed on individual kernels. For food matrices containing hazelnuts, the presence of the mother cultivar’s DNA can be assessed based on the identification of its alleles in the sample, although the presence of multiple alleles from the pollenizers makes the interpretation of results more difficult.
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25
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Kumar P, Rani A, Singh S, Kumar A. Recent advances on
DNA
and omics‐based technology in Food testing and authentication: A review. J Food Saf 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR‐NICPR) Noida India
| | - Alka Rani
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR‐NICPR) Noida India
| | - Shalini Singh
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR‐NICPR) Noida India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR‐NICPR) Noida India
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Mafra I, Honrado M, Amaral JS. Animal Species Authentication in Dairy Products. Foods 2022; 11:1124. [PMID: 35454711 PMCID: PMC9027536 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is one of the most important nutritious foods, widely consumed worldwide, either in its natural form or via dairy products. Currently, several economic, health and ethical issues emphasize the need for a more frequent and rigorous quality control of dairy products and the importance of detecting adulterations in these products. For this reason, several conventional and advanced techniques have been proposed, aiming at detecting and quantifying eventual adulterations, preferentially in a rapid, cost-effective, easy to implement, sensitive and specific way. They have relied mostly on electrophoretic, chromatographic and immunoenzymatic techniques. More recently, mass spectrometry, spectroscopic methods (near infrared (NIR), mid infrared (MIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and front face fluorescence coupled to chemometrics), DNA analysis (real-time PCR, high-resolution melting analysis, next generation sequencing and droplet digital PCR) and biosensors have been advanced as innovative tools for dairy product authentication. Milk substitution from high-valued species with lower-cost bovine milk is one of the most frequent adulteration practices. Therefore, this review intends to describe the most relevant developments regarding the current and advanced analytical methodologies applied to species authentication of milk and dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Honrado
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - Joana S. Amaral
- CIMO, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
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Tseng Y, Lee B, Chen C, He W. Understanding Agri-Food Traceability System User Intention in Respond to COVID-19 Pandemic: The Comparisons of Three Models. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:1371. [PMID: 35162414 PMCID: PMC8835554 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Scientists believed the outbreak of COVID-19 could be linked to the consumption of wild animals, so food safety and hygiene have become the top concerns of the public. An agri-food traceability system becomes very important in this context because it can help the government to trace back the entire production and delivery process in case of food safety concerns. The traceability system is a complicated digitalized system because it integrates information and logistics systems. Previous studies used the technology acceptance model (TAM), information systems (IS) success model, expectation confirmation model (ECM), or extended model to explain the continuance intention of traceability system users. Very little literature can be found integrating two different models to explain user intention, not to mention comparing three models in one research context. This study proposed the technology acceptance model (TAM), technology acceptance model-information systems (TAM-IS) success, and technology acceptance model-expectation confirmation model (TAM-ECM) integrated models to evaluate the most appropriate model to explain agri-food traceability system during the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire was designed based on a literature review, and 197 agri-food traceability system users were sampled. The collected data were analyzed by partial least square (PLS) to understand the explanatory power and the differences between the three models. The results showed that: (1) the TAM model has a fair explanatory power of continuance intention (62.2%), but was recommended for its' simplicity; (2) the TAM-IS success integrated model had the best predictive power of 78.3%; and (3) the system providers should raise users' confirmation level, so their continuance intention could be reinforced through mediators, perceived value, and satisfaction. The above findings help to understand agri-food traceability system user intention, and provide theoretical and practical implications for system providers to refine their system design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Tseng
- Digital Design and Information Management, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan
| | - Beyfen Lee
- Department of Hospitality Management, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan
| | - Chingi Chen
- Department of Health Care Administration, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan
| | - Wang He
- School of International Business, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China;
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DNA-Based Tools to Certify Authenticity of Rice Varieties—An Overview. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030258. [PMID: 35159410 PMCID: PMC8834242 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most cultivated and consumed crops worldwide. It is mainly produced in Asia but, due to its large genetic pool, it has expanded to several ecosystems, latitudes and climatic conditions. Europe is a rice producing region, especially in the Mediterranean countries, that grow mostly typical japonica varieties. The European consumer interest in rice has increased over the last decades towards more exotic types, often more expensive (e.g., aromatic rice) and Europe is a net importer of this commodity. This has increased food fraud opportunities in the rice supply chain, which may deliver mixtures with lower quality rice, a problem that is now global. The development of tools to clearly identify undesirable mixtures thus became urgent. Among the various tools available, DNA-based markers are considered particularly reliable and stable for discrimination of rice varieties. This review covers aspects ranging from rice diversity and fraud issues to the DNA-based methods used to distinguish varieties and detect unwanted mixtures. Although not exhaustive, the review covers the diversity of strategies and ongoing improvements already tested, highlighting important advantages and disadvantages in terms of costs, reliability, labor-effort and potential scalability for routine fraud detection.
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Impact of oenological processing aids and additives on the genetic traceability of 'Nebbiolo' wine produced with withered grapes. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110874. [PMID: 34980406 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
'Nebbiolo' is a well-known grapevine variety used to produce prestigious monovarietal Italian red wines. Genetic traceability is an important tool used to protect the authenticity of high-quality wines. SNP-based assays are an effective method to reach this aim in wines, but several issues have been reported for the authentication of commercial wines. In this study, the impact of the most common commercial additives and processing aids used in winemaking was analysed in 'Nebbiolo' wine using SNP-based traceability. Gelatine and bentonite had the strongest impact on the turbidity, colour and phenolic composition of wines and on residual grapevine DNA. The DNA reduction associated with the use of bentonite and gelatine (>99% compared to the untreated control) caused issues in the SNP-based assay, especially when the DNA concentration was below 0.5 pg/mL of wine. This study contributed to explaining the causes of the reduced varietal identification efficiency in commercial wines.
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How to Choose a Good Marker to Analyze the Olive Germplasm ( Olea europaea L.) and Derived Products. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101474. [PMID: 34680869 PMCID: PMC8535536 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most cultivated crops in the Mediterranean basin. Its economic importance is mainly due to the intense production of table olives and oil. Cultivated varieties are characterized by high morphological and genetic variability and present a large number of synonyms and homonyms. This necessitates the introduction of a rapid and accurate system for varietal identification. In the past, the recognition of olive cultivars was based solely on analysis of the morphological traits, however, these are highly influenced by environmental conditions. Therefore, over the years, several methods based on DNA analysis were developed, allowing a more accurate and reliable varietal identification. This review aims to investigate the evolving history of olive tree characterization approaches, starting from the earlier morphological methods to the latest technologies based on molecular markers, focusing on the main applications of each approach. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of the advent of next generation sequencing and the recent sequencing of the olive genome on the strategies used for the development of new molecular markers.
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