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Pereira AC, Tovar N, Nayak VV, Mijares DQ, Smay JE, Torroni A, Flores RL, Witek L. Direct inkjet writing type 1 bovine collagen/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds for bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35347. [PMID: 38247237 PMCID: PMC10832301 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Bone tissue has the capacity to regenerate under healthy conditions, but complex cases like critically sized defects hinder natural bone regeneration, necessitating surgery, and use of a grafting material for rehabilitation. The field of bone tissue engineering (BTE) has pioneered ways to address such issues utilizing different biomaterials to create a platform for cell migration and tissue formation, leading to improved bone reconstruction. One such approach involves 3D-printed patient-specific scaffolds designed to aid in regeneration of boney defects. This study aimed to develop and characterize 3D printed scaffolds composed of type I collagen augmented with β-tricalcium phosphate (COL/β-TCP). A custom-built direct inkjet write (DIW) printer was used to fabricate β-TCP, COL, and COL/β-TCP scaffolds using synthesized colloidal gels. After chemical crosslinking, the scaffolds were lyophilized and subjected to several characterization techniques, including light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction to evaluate morphological and chemical properties. In vitro evaluation was performed using human osteoprogenitor cells to assess cytotoxicity and proliferative capacity of the different scaffold types. Characterization results confirmed the presence of β-TCP in the 3D printed COL/β-TCP scaffolds, which exhibited crystals that were attributed to β-TCP due to the presence of calcium and phosphorus, detected through energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. In vitro studies showed that the COL/β-TCP scaffolds yielded more favorable results in terms of cell viability and proliferation compared to β-TCP and COL scaffolds. The novel COL/β-TCP scaffold constructs hold promise for improving BTE applications and may offer a superior environment for bone regeneration compared with conventional COL and β-TCP scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Cabrera Pereira
- Biomaterials Division, NYU College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24 St., Room 902A, New York, NY
| | - Nick Tovar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University, Langone Medical Center and Bellevue Hospital Center, 462 1 Ave, Building H5-S, New York, NY
| | - Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th St, Rm. 305, Miami, FL
| | - Dindo Q. Mijares
- Biomaterials Division, NYU College of Dentistry, 433 1 Ave., Office 715F, New York, NY
| | - James E. Smay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Oklahoma State University, 700 N Greenwood Ave – HRC 202 Tulsa, OK
| | - Andrea Torroni
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 222 E 41st St, New York, NY
| | - Roberto L. Flores
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 222 E 41st St, New York, NY
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Biomaterials Division, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY; Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY; 345 E. 24th St., Room 902D New York, NY
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Ciulla MG, Massironi A, Sugni M, Ensign MA, Marzorati S, Forouharshad M. Recent Advances in the Development of Biomimetic Materials. Gels 2023; 9:833. [PMID: 37888406 PMCID: PMC10606425 DOI: 10.3390/gels9100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we focused on recent efforts in the design and development of materials with biomimetic properties. Innovative methods promise to emulate cell microenvironments and tissue functions, but many aspects regarding cellular communication, motility, and responsiveness remain to be explained. We photographed the state-of-the-art advancements in biomimetics, and discussed the complexity of a "bottom-up" artificial construction of living systems, with particular highlights on hydrogels, collagen-based composites, surface modifications, and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting applications. Fast-paced 3D printing and artificial intelligence, nevertheless, collide with reality: How difficult can it be to build reproducible biomimetic materials at a real scale in line with the complexity of living systems? Nowadays, science is in urgent need of bioengineering technologies for the practical use of bioinspired and biomimetics for medicine and clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Ciulla
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Massironi
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Matthew A. Ensign
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Stefania Marzorati
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mahdi Forouharshad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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