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Varadhan V, Manikandan MS, Nagarajan A, Palaniyandi T, Ravi M, Sankareswaran SK, Baskar G, Wahab MRA, Surendran H. Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) gene signaling pathways in human cancers and their therapeutic implications. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155447. [PMID: 38981349 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted disease driven by abnormal cell growth and poses a significant global health threat. The multifactorial causes, differences in individual susceptibility to therapeutic drugs, and induced drug resistance pose major challenges in addressing cancers effectively. One of the most important aspects in making cancers highly heterogeneous in their physiology lies in the genes involved and the changes occurring to some of these genes in malignant conditions. The Genetic factors have been implicated in the oncogenesis, progression, responses to treatment, and metastasis. One such gene that plays a key role in human cancers is the mutated form of the Ataxia-telangiectasia gene (ATM). ATM gene located on chromosome 11q23, plays a vital role in maintaining genomic stability. Understanding the genetic basis of A-T is crucial for diagnosis, management, and treatment. Breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and gastric cancer exhibit varying relationships with the ATM gene and influence their pathways. Targeting the ATM pathway proves promising for enhancing treatment effectiveness, especially in conjunction with DNA damage response pathways. Analyzing the therapeutic consequences of ATM mutations, especially in these cancer types facilitates the approaches for early detection, intervention, development of personalized treatment approaches, and improved patient outcomes. This review emphasizes the role of the ATM gene in various cancers, highlighting its impact on DNA repair pathways and therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Varadhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Monica Shri Manikandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Akshaya Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Sankareswaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
| | | | - Hemapreethi Surendran
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India
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de Baumont AC, Cadore NA, Pedrotti LG, Curzel GD, Schuch JB, Bessel M, Bordignon C, Rosa ML, Macedo GDS, Rosa DD. Germline rare variants in HER2-positive breast cancer predisposition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1395970. [PMID: 38978731 PMCID: PMC11228612 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1395970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Approximately 10% of breast cancer (BC) cases result from hereditary causes. Genetic testing has been widely implemented in BC care to determine hereditary cancer syndromes and personalized medicine. Thus, identification of individuals carrying germline pathogenic variants could be useful to provide appropriate prophylactic or screening measures for each BC subtype, however, there are few formal recommendations for genetic testing in this sense so far. In this study, we assessed rare germline variants in a specific group of genes in order to determine the association with human epidermal growth factor 2 enriched (HER2+) BC phenotype through a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing subtypes overexpressing HER2 with other clinically recognized subtypes of BC. This review was registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023447571). Methods We conducted an online literature search in PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and EMBASE databases. We included original studies that investigated germline variants in HER2+ BC patients and selected the studies that reported only rare and/or pathogenic germline variants. We assessed the risk of bias and quality of the studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal checklists and the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Genetic Studies, respectively. Considering hormone receptor and HER2 expression status, we compared gene-based risks initially in HR-HER2-, HR+HER2-, HR+HER2+, and HR-HER2+ groups, conducting separate meta-analyses using the random effects model for each comparison, and within them for each gene. Results Of the total 36 studies describing germline variants, 11 studies provided information on the prevalence of variants in the different clinically relevant BC subtypes and allowed comparisons. Germline variants within eight genes showed significant differences when meta-analyzed between the BC groups: BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, ATM, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD51C, and BARD1. Notably, TP53, ATM, and CHEK2 germline variants were identified as predisposing factors for HER2+ subtypes, whereas BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51C, and BARD1 germline variants were associated with a predisposition to low HER2 expression. Main concerns about bias and quality assessment were the lack of confounding factors control; and comparability or outcome assessment, respectively. Discussion Our findings underscore the connection between germline variants and differential expression of the HER2 protein and BC subtypes. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023447571.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Araujo Cadore
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marina Bessel
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Bordignon
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mahira Lopes Rosa
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Dornelles Rosa
- Responsabilidade Social, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Plowman JN, Matoy EJ, Uppala LV, Draves SB, Watson CJ, Sefranek BA, Stacey ML, Anderson SP, Belshan MA, Blue EE, Huff CD, Fu Y, Stessman HAF. Targeted sequencing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2-negative families reveals complex genetic architecture and phenocopies. HGG ADVANCES 2024; 5:100306. [PMID: 38734904 PMCID: PMC11166883 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2024.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 20% of breast cancer cases are attributed to increased family risk, yet variation in BRCA1/2 can only explain 20%-25% of cases. Historically, only single gene or single variant testing were common in at-risk family members, and further sequencing studies were rarely offered after negative results. In this study, we applied an efficient and inexpensive targeted sequencing approach to provide molecular diagnoses in 245 human samples representing 134 BRCA mutation-negative (BRCAX) hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) families recruited from 1973 to 2019 by Dr. Henry Lynch. Sequencing identified 391 variants, which were functionally annotated and ranked based on their predicted clinical impact. Known pathogenic CHEK2 breast cancer variants were identified in five BRCAX families in this study. While BRCAX was an inclusion criterion for this study, we still identified a pathogenic BRCA2 variant (p.Met192ValfsTer13) in one family. A portion of BRCAX families could be explained by other hereditary cancer syndromes that increase HBOC risk: Li-Fraumeni syndrome (gene: TP53) and Lynch syndrome (gene: MSH6). Interestingly, many families carried additional variants of undetermined significance (VOUSs) that may further modify phenotypes of syndromic family members. Ten families carried more than one potential VOUS, suggesting the presence of complex multi-variant families. Overall, nine BRCAX HBOC families in our study may be explained by known likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants, and six families carried potential VOUSs, which require further functional testing. To address this, we developed a functional assay where we successfully re-classified one family's PMS2 VOUS as benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn N Plowman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Evanjalina J Matoy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Lavanya V Uppala
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Samantha B Draves
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Cynthia J Watson
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Bridget A Sefranek
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Mark L Stacey
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Samuel P Anderson
- Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Michael A Belshan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Blue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yusi Fu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Holly A F Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; Creighton University Core Facilities, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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Ahmad H, Ali A, Khalil AT, Ali R, Khan I, Khan MM, Ahmed I, Basharat Z, Alorini M, Mehmood A. Clinico-genomic findings, molecular docking, and mutational spectrum in an understudied population with breast cancer patients from KP, Pakistan. Front Genet 2024; 15:1383284. [PMID: 38784039 PMCID: PMC11111998 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1383284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the mutational profiles, pathogenicity, and their association with different clinicopathologic and sociogenetic factors in patients with Pashtun ethnicity for the first time. A total of 19 FFPE blocks of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from the Breast Cancer (BC) tissue and 6 normal FFPE blocks were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Various somatic and germline mutations were identified in cancer-related genes, i.e., ATM, CHEK2, PALB2, and XRCC2. Among a total of 18 mutations, 14 mutations were somatic and 4 were germline. The ATM gene exhibited the maximum number of mutations (11/18), followed by CHEK2 (3/18), PALB2 (3/18), and XRCC2 (1/18). Except one frameshift deletion, all other 17 mutations were nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variants (SNVs). SIFT prediction revealed 7/18 (38.8%) mutations as deleterious. PolyPhen-2 and MutationTaster identified 5/18 (27.7%) mutations as probably damaging and 10/18 (55.5%) mutations as disease-causing, respectively. Mutations like PALB2 p.Q559R (6/19; 31.5%), XRCC2 p.R188H (5/19; 26.31%), and ATM p.D1853N (4/19; 21.05%) were recurrent mutations and proposed to have a biomarker potential. The protein network prediction was performed using GeneMANIA and STRING. ISPRED-SEQ indicated three interaction site mutations which were further used for molecular dynamic simulation. An average increase in the radius of gyration was observed in all three mutated proteins revealing their perturbed folding behavior. Obtained SNVs were further correlated with various parameters related to the clinicopathological status of the tumors. Three mutation positions (ATM p. D1853N, CHEK2 p.M314I, and PALB2 p.T1029S) were found to be highly conserved. Finally, the wild- and mutant-type proteins were screened for two drugs: elagolix (DrugBank ID: DB11979) and LTS0102038 (a triterpenoid, isolated from the anticancer medicinal plant Fagonia indica). Comparatively, a higher number of interactions were noted for normal ATM with both compounds, as compared to mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asif Ali
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine (IPDM), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
- College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Roshan Ali
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mah Muneer Khan
- Department of Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ibrar Ahmed
- Alpha Genomics (Private) Limited, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Microbiological Analysis Team, Group for Biometrology, The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Mohammed Alorini
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amna Mehmood
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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Wang Y, Sun Y, Tan M, Lin X, Tai P, Huang X, Jin Q, Yuan D, Xu T, He B. Association Between Polymorphisms in DNA Damage Repair Pathway Genes and Female Breast Cancer Risk. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:219-231. [PMID: 38634815 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer risk have been discussed to be associated with polymorphisms in genes as well as abnormal DNA damage repair function. This study aims to assess the relationship between genes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to DNA damage repair and female breast cancer risk in Chinese population. A case-control study containing 400 patients and 400 healthy controls was conducted. Genotype was identified using the sequence MassARRAY method and expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) in tumor tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry assay. The results revealed that ATR rs13091637 decreased breast cancer risk influenced by ER, PR (CT/TT vs. CC: adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.27, p = 0.032; CT/TT vs. CC: adjusted OR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.14-2.35, p = 0.008) expression. Stratified analysis revealed that PALB2 rs16940342 increased breast cancer risk in response to menstrual status (AG/GG vs. AA: adjusted OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.13-2.62, p = 0.011) and age of menarche (AG/GG vs. AA: adjusted OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.03-2.31, p = 0.037), whereas ATM rs611646 and Ku70 rs132793 were associated with reduced breast cancer risk influenced by menarche (GA/AA vs. GG: adjusted OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.30-0.95, p = 0.033). In a summary, PALB2 rs16940342, ATR rs13091637, ATM rs611646, and Ku70 rs132793 were associated with breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Basic-Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yalan Sun
- School of Basic-Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingjuan Tan
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Tai
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Jin
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bangshun He
- School of Basic-Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ahmad H, Ali A, Ali R, Khalil AT, Khan I, Khan MM, Alorini M. Preliminary insights on the mutational spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Pakhtun ethnicity breast cancer patients from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Neoplasia 2024; 51:100989. [PMID: 38537553 PMCID: PMC11026844 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Gene mutations are a source of genetic instability which fuels the progression of cancer. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are considered as major drivers in the progression of breast cancer and their detection indispensable for devising therapeutic and management approaches. The current study aims to identify novel pathogenic and recurrent mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Pakhtun population from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. To determine the BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic mutation prevalence in Pakhtun population from KP, whole exome sequencing of 19 patients along with 6 normal FFPE embedded blocks were performed. The pathogenicity of the mutations were determined and they were further correlated with different hormonal, sociogenetic and clinicopathological features. We obtained a total of 10 mutations (5 somatic and 5 germline) in BRCA1 while 27 mutations (24 somatic and 3 germline) for BRCA2. Five and seventeen pathogenic or deleterious mutations were identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2 respectively by examining the mutational spectrum through SIFT, PolyPhen-2 and Mutation Taster. Among the SNVs, BRCA1 p.P824L, BRCA2 p. P153Q, p.I180F, p.D559Y, p.G1529R, p.L1576F, p.E2229K were identified as mutations of the interaction sites as predicted by the deep algorithm based ISPRED-SEQ prediction tool. SAAFEQ-SEQ web-based algorithm was used to calculate the changes in free energy and effect of SNVs on protein stability. All SNVs were found to have a destabilizing effect on the protein. ConSurf database was used to determine the evolutionary conservation scores and nature of the mutated residues. Gromacs 4.5 was used for the molecular simulations. Ramachandran plots were generated using procheck server. STRING and GeneMania was used for prediction of the gene interactions. The highest number of mutations (BRCA1 7/10, 70 %) were on exon 9 and (BRCA2, 11/27; 40 %) were on exon 11. 40 % and 60 % of the BRCA2 mutations were associated Grade 2 and Grade 3 tumors respectively. The present study reveals unique BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Pakhtun population. We further suggest sequencing of the large cohorts for further characterizing the pathogenic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Asif Ali
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine (IPDM), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan; College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK.
| | - Roshan Ali
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mah Muneer Khan
- Department of Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Alorini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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Karcini A, Mercier NR, Lazar IM. Proteomic Assessment of SKBR3/HER2+ Breast Cancer Cellular Response to Lapatinib and Investigational Ipatasertib Kinase Inhibitors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.02.587656. [PMID: 38617302 PMCID: PMC11014527 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.02.587656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Modern cancer treatment approaches aim at achieving cancer remission by using targeted and personalized therapies, as well as harnessing the power of the immune system to recognize and eliminate the cancer cells. To overcome a relatively short-lived response due to the development of resistance to the administered drugs, combination therapies have been pursued, as well. To expand the outlook of combination therapies, the objective of this study was to use high-throughput data generation technologies such as mass spectrometry and proteomics to investigate the response of HER2+ breast cancer cells to a mixture of two kinase inhibitors that has not been adopted yet as a standard treatment regime. The broader landscape of biological processes that are affected by inhibiting two major pathways that sustain the growth and survival of cancer cells, i.e., EGFR and PI3K/AKT, was investigated by treating SKBR3/HER2+ breast cancer cells with Lapatinib or a mixture of Lapatinib/Ipatasertib small molecule drugs. Changes in protein expression and/or activity in response to the drug treatments were assessed by using two complementary quantitative proteomic approaches based on peak area and peptide spectrum match measurements. Over 900 proteins matched by three unique peptide sequences (FDR<0.05) were affected by the exposure of cells to the drugs. The work corroborated the anti-proliferative activity of Lapatinib and Ipatasertib, and, in addition to cell cycle and growth arrest processes enabled the identification of several multi-functional proteins with roles in cancer-supportive hallmark processes. Among these, immune response, adhesion and migration emerged as particularly relevant to the ability to effectively suppress the proliferation and dissemination of cancer cells. The supplementation of Lapatinib with Ipatasertib further affected the expression or activity of additional transcription factors and proteins involved in gene expression, trafficking, DNA repair, and development of multidrug resistance. Furthermore, over fifty of the affected proteins represented approved or investigational targets in the DrugBank database, which through their protein-protein interaction networks can inform the selection of effective therapeutic partners. Altogether, our findings exposed a broad plethora of yet untapped opportunities that can be further explored for enhancing the anti-cancer effects of each drug as well as of many other multi-drug therapies that target the EGFR/ERBB2 and PI3K/AKT pathways. The data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD051094.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arba Karcini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Nicole R. Mercier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Iulia M. Lazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060; Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Division of Systems Biology, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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Filip CI, Cătană A, Kutasi E, Roman SA, Militaru MS, Risteiu GA, Dindelengan GC. Breast Cancer Screening and Prophylactic Mastectomy for High-Risk Women in Romania. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:570. [PMID: 38674216 PMCID: PMC11052261 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality within oncology. Risk factors, encompassing genetic and environmental influences, significantly contribute to its prevalence. While germline mutations, notably within the BRCA genes, are commonly associated with heightened breast cancer risk, a spectrum of other variants exists among affected individuals. Diagnosis relies on imaging techniques, biopsies, biomarkers, and genetic testing, facilitating personalised risk assessment through specific scoring systems. Breast cancer screening programs employing mammography and other imaging modalities play a crucial role in early detection and management, leading to improved outcomes for affected individuals. Regular screening enables the identification of suspicious lesions or abnormalities at earlier stages, facilitating timely intervention and potentially reducing mortality rates associated with breast cancer. Genetic mutations guide screening protocols, prophylactic interventions, treatment modalities, and patient prognosis. Prophylactic measures encompass a range of interventions, including chemoprevention, hormonal inhibition, oophorectomy, and mastectomy. Despite their efficacy in mitigating breast cancer incidence, these interventions carry potential side effects and psychological implications, necessitating comprehensive counselling tailored to individual cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu Ioan Filip
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit, Emergency District Hospital, 400535 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.I.F.); (G.C.D.)
- First Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Cătană
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
- Department of Oncogeneticcs, Institute of Oncology, “Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuță”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Regional Laboratory Cluj-Napoca, Department of Medical Genetics, Regina Maria Health Network, 400363 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eniko Kutasi
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Sara Alexia Roman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Mariela Sanda Militaru
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
- Regional Laboratory Cluj-Napoca, Department of Medical Genetics, Regina Maria Health Network, 400363 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Giulia Andreea Risteiu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.R.); (G.A.R.)
| | - George Călin Dindelengan
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Unit, Emergency District Hospital, 400535 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.I.F.); (G.C.D.)
- First Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Piergentili R, Marinelli E, Cucinella G, Lopez A, Napoletano G, Gullo G, Zaami S. miR-125 in Breast Cancer Etiopathogenesis: An Emerging Role as a Biomarker in Differential Diagnosis, Regenerative Medicine, and the Challenges of Personalized Medicine. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:16. [PMID: 38525735 PMCID: PMC10961778 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide, and it is characterized by a complex etiopathogenesis, resulting in an equally complex classification of subtypes. MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) are small non-coding RNA molecules that have an essential role in gene expression and are significantly linked to tumor development and angiogenesis in different types of cancer. Recently, complex interactions among coding and non-coding RNA have been elucidated, further shedding light on the complexity of the roles these molecules fulfill in cancer formation. In this context, knowledge about the role of miR in BC has significantly improved, highlighting the deregulation of these molecules as additional factors influencing BC occurrence, development and classification. A considerable number of papers has been published over the past few years regarding the role of miR-125 in human pathology in general and in several types of cancer formation in particular. Interestingly, miR-125 family members have been recently linked to BC formation as well, and complex interactions (competing endogenous RNA networks, or ceRNET) between this molecule and target mRNA have been described. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art about research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Piergentili
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council (CNR-IBPM), 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Enrico Marinelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Gaspare Cucinella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (A.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Alessandra Lopez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (A.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Gabriele Napoletano
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Forensic Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Gullo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (A.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Simona Zaami
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Forensic Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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10
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Parkhi M, Ahuja N, Kumar D, Basher RK, Singh N, Singh H, Bal A. Adult Pulmonary Blastoma: A Case Report with Spectrum of Rare Manifestations. Turk Patoloji Derg 2024; 40:63-68. [PMID: 38235566 PMCID: PMC10823784 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2023.01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is an exceedingly rare and aggressive malignant lung neoplasm that has distinct biphasic morphology. In this report, we document rare manifestations and molecular alterations in PB. A 59-year-old non-smoker female, presented with cough and hemoptysis for 4 months. The high-resolution computed tomography chest scan showed a 3.5x2.7 cm mass in the basal segment of the left lung. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography revealed a fluorodeoxyglucose avid lobulated mass in the superior segment of the lower lobe of the left lung. On core biopsy, the diagnosis of pleomorphic carcinoma in a background of adenocarcinoma was made. A definite diagnosis of pulmonary blastoma was established on the left lung lobectomy specimen based on morphological and immunohistochemical findings. Post-surgical biopsy from the scalp swelling showed metastatic deposits. On Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), in addition to conventional CTNNB1 gene mutation, new pathogenic MYCN and ATM gene mutations were detected. Post-chemotherapy, the patient was doing well after 10 months of close follow-up. PB exhibited rare associations in the form of non-smoker status, scalp metastasis, and MYCN and ATM gene mutations on NGS in addition to conventional CTNNB1 gene mutation. Large cohort studies are required to discover the incidence, significance and therapeutic implications of these co-existing pathogenic molecular alterations in PB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Parkhi
- Departments of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Nishtha Ahuja
- Departments of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Divyesh Kumar
- Departments of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajender Kumar Basher
- Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Navneet Singh
- Departments of Pulmonary Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Harkant Singh
- Departments of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Departments of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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11
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Behl T, Kumar A, Vishakha, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Yadav S, Rashid S, Ali N, Ahmed AS, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Bungau SG, Khan H. Understanding the mechanistic pathways and clinical aspects associated with protein and gene based biomarkers in breast cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126595. [PMID: 37648139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most widespread and severe diseases with a huge mortality rate. In recent years, the second-leading mortality rate of any cancer globally has been breast cancer, which is one of the most common and deadly cancers found in women. Detecting breast cancer in its initial stages simplifies treatment, decreases death risk, and recovers survival rates for patients. The death rate for breast cancer has risen to 0.024 % in some regions. Sensitive and accurate technologies are required for the preclinical detection of BC at an initial stage. Biomarkers play a very crucial role in the early identification as well as diagnosis of women with breast cancer. Currently, a wide variety of cancer biomarkers have been discovered for the diagnosis of cancer. For the identification of these biomarkers from serum or other body fluids at physiological amounts, many detection methods have been developed. In the case of breast cancer, biomarkers are especially helpful in discovering those who are more likely to develop the disease, determining prognosis at the time of initial diagnosis and choosing the best systemic therapy. In this study we have compiled various clinical aspects and signaling pathways associated with protein-based biomarkers and gene-based biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ankush Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IET Bhaddal Technical Campus, Ropar 140108, Punjab, India
| | - Vishakha
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IET Bhaddal Technical Campus, Ropar 140108, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, 141104 Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana Ambala 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana Ambala 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- School of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadah 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira Saber Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 150001, Peru; E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima 15001, Peru
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410087, Romania; Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea 410087, Romania
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
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12
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Zhang M, Venkateshappa R, Li A, Fowler MB, Telli ML, Wu JC. Generation and characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells from breast cancer patients carrying ATM mutations. Stem Cell Res 2023; 73:103246. [PMID: 37951143 PMCID: PMC10789563 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We generated two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of breast cancer patients carrying germline ATM mutations, a gene associated with a 7% prevalence in breast cancer. These iPSC lines displayed typical morphology, expressed pluripotency markers, maintained a stable karyotype, and retained the ability to differentiate into the three germ layers. These patient-specific iPSC lines hold great potential for mechanistic investigations and the development of drug screening strategies aimed at addressing ATM-related cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Audrey Li
- Greenstone Bioscience, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Michael B Fowler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Melinda L Telli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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13
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Guo D, Jurek R, Beaumont KA, Sharp DS, Tan SY, Mariana A, Failes TW, Grootveld AK, Bhattacharyya ND, Phan TG, Arndt GM, Jain R, Weninger W, Tikoo S. Invasion-Block and S-MARVEL: A high-content screening and image analysis platform identifies ATM kinase as a modulator of melanoma invasion and metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303978120. [PMID: 37963252 PMCID: PMC10666109 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303978120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust high-throughput assays are crucial for the effective functioning of a drug discovery pipeline. Herein, we report the development of Invasion-Block, an automated high-content screening platform for measuring invadopodia-mediated matrix degradation as a readout for the invasive capacity of cancer cells. Combined with Smoothen-Mask and Reveal, a custom-designed, automated image analysis pipeline, this platform allowed us to evaluate melanoma cell invasion capacity posttreatment with two libraries of compounds comprising 3840 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs with well-characterized safety and bioavailability profiles in humans as well as a kinase inhibitor library comprising 210 biologically active compounds. We found that Abl/Src, PKC, PI3K, and Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitors significantly reduced melanoma cell invadopodia formation and cell invasion. Abrogation of ATM expression in melanoma cells via CRISPR-mediated gene knockout reduced 3D invasion in vitro as well as spontaneous lymph node metastasis in vivo. Together, this study established a rapid screening assay coupled with a customized image-analysis pipeline for the identification of antimetastatic drugs. Our study implicates that ATM may serve as a potent therapeutic target for the treatment of melanoma cell spread in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajiang Guo
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
| | - Russell Jurek
- Australia Telescope National Facility, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, MarsfieldNSW2122, Australia
| | - Kimberley A. Beaumont
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
| | - Danae S. Sharp
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
| | - Sioh-Yang Tan
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
| | - Anna Mariana
- The Australian Cancer Research Foundation (ACRF) Drug Discovery Centre for Childhood Cancer, Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Timothy W. Failes
- The Australian Cancer Research Foundation (ACRF) Drug Discovery Centre for Childhood Cancer, Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Abigail K. Grootveld
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW2010, Australia
- St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW2010, Australia
| | - Nayan D. Bhattacharyya
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW2010, Australia
- St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW2010, Australia
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW2010, Australia
- St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW2010, Australia
| | - Greg M. Arndt
- The Australian Cancer Research Foundation (ACRF) Drug Discovery Centre for Childhood Cancer, Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Rohit Jain
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna1090, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna1090, Austria
| | - Shweta Tikoo
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2050, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna1090, Austria
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14
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Zhunussova G, Omarbayeva N, Kaidarova D, Abdikerim S, Mit N, Kisselev I, Yergali K, Zhunussova A, Goncharova T, Abdrakhmanova A, Djansugurova L. Determination of genetic predisposition to early breast cancer in women of Kazakh ethnicity. Oncotarget 2023; 14:860-877. [PMID: 37791908 PMCID: PMC10549772 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women in Kazakhstan. To date, little data are available on the spectrum of genetic variation in Kazakh women with BC. We aimed to identify population-specific genetic markers associated with the risk of developing early-onset BC and test their association with clinical and prognostic factors. The study included 224 Kazakh women diagnosed with BC (≤40 age). Entire coding regions (>1700 exons) and the flanking noncoding regions of 94 cancer-associated genes were sequenced from blood DNA using MiSeq platform. We identified 38 unique pathogenic variants (PVs) in 13 different cancer-predisposing genes among 57 patients (25.4%), of which 6 variants were novel. In total, 12 of the 38 distinct PVs were detected recurrently, including BRCA1 c.5266dup, c.5278-2del, and c.2T>C, and BRCA2 c.9409dup and c.9253del that may be founder in this population. BRCA1 carriers were significantly more likely to develop triple-negative BC (OR = 6.61, 95% CI 2.44-17.91, p = 0.0002) and have family history of BC (OR = 3.17, 95% CI 1.14-8.76, p = 0.03) compared to non-carriers. This study allowed the identification of PVs specific to early-onset BC, which may be used as a foundation to develop regional expertise and diagnostic tools for early detection of BC in young Kazakh women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnur Zhunussova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazgul Omarbayeva
- Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Dilyara Kaidarova
- Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Saltanat Abdikerim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Natalya Mit
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Ilya Kisselev
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Kanagat Yergali
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Zhunussova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Aliya Abdrakhmanova
- Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Leyla Djansugurova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
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15
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Mesquita A, Ferro A, Machado JC, Schmitt F. Next-Generation Sequencing of Breast Cancer in the Neoadjuvant Setting. Pathobiology 2023; 91:114-120. [PMID: 37660687 DOI: 10.1159/000533810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many patients with locally advanced breast cancer are proposed to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAT) before surgery. Only some of them achieve a pathological complete response (pCR). The determination of gene somatic alterations using next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the non-pCR tumors is important, in order to identify potential opportunities of treatment for the patients, if targeted therapies are available. METHODS Breast cancer tissue samples of 31 patients, collected before NAT, were analyzed by NGS using the Oncomine™ Comprehensive Assay Plus (OCA-Plus) panel. RESULTS Twelve patients achieved pCR after NAT. ERBB2 gene alterations were the most frequent in this cohort of pCR patients, followed by BRCA 1 and 2, MYC, TP53, PIK3CA, and MET alterations. Tumors that did not achieve a pCR were mainly triple negative. In this subgroup some BRCA 1 and 2 and PIK3CA gene alterations were identified, as well as TP53 mutations. The NGS panel employed in this study also allowed for the determination of tumor mutation burden (TMB). CONCLUSION This study showcases the significance of employing comprehensive genomic testing in breast cancer cases, primarily due to the scarcity of specific target assays. The detection of somatic mutations, coupled with the availability of targeted therapies, holds promise as a potential therapeutic avenue to enhance tumor response rates during NAT, or as a complementary treatment following surgery. Moreover, evaluating the TMB in non-pCR samples could serve as a valuable criterion for selecting patients suitable for immunotherapy. Further exploration through clinical trials is imperative to investigate these prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Mesquita
- Medical Oncology Department, Local Health Unit Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Ferro
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Machado
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Health Research Network, Porto, Portugal
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16
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Swaminathan H, Saravanamurali K, Yadav SA. Extensive review on breast cancer its etiology, progression, prognostic markers, and treatment. Med Oncol 2023; 40:238. [PMID: 37442848 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
As the most frequent and vulnerable malignancy among women, breast cancer universally manifests a formidable healthcare challenge. From a biological and molecular perspective, it is a heterogenous disease and is stratified based on the etiological factors driving breast carcinogenesis. Notably, genetic predispositions and epigenetic impacts often constitute the heterogeneity of this disease. Typically, breast cancer is classified intrinsically into histological subtypes in clinical landscapes. These stratifications empower physicians to tailor precise treatments among the spectrum of breast cancer therapeutics. In this pursuit, numerous prognostic algorithms are extensively characterized, drastically changing how breast cancer is portrayed. Therefore, it is a basic requisite to comprehend the multidisciplinary rationales of breast cancer to assist the evolution of novel therapeutic strategies. This review aims at highlighting the molecular and genetic grounds of cancer additionally with therapeutic and phytotherapeutic context. Substantially, it also renders researchers with an insight into the breast cancer cell lines as a model paradigm for breast cancer research interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Swaminathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Saravanamurali
- Virus Research and Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Ibragimova MK, Kravtsova EA, Tsyganov MM, Litviakov NV. CNA Landscape of HER2-Negative Breast Cancer in Anthracycline-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens. Acta Naturae 2023; 15:66-74. [PMID: 37908774 PMCID: PMC10615187 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.20377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical evaluation of how and when to include anthracyclines in preoperative chemotherapy is becoming more relevant in an era when the molecular genetic approach not only allows for the development of biologically targeted therapeutics, but also implies the ability to select the patients likely to benefit from certain cytotoxic agents. Changes in the copy number aberration (CNA) landscape of luminal B HER2- negative (HER2-) breast cancer (BC) during anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) regimens were studied in order to identify groups of potential CNA markers of objective response and CNA markers for predicting the development of hematogenous metastasis. Comparison of CNA frequencies depending on the response to NAC showed that objective response was observed in a larger number of deletions in the 11q22.3 and 11q23.1 loci (p = 0.004). Comparison of CNA frequencies in groups of patients after treatment showed that hematogenous metastasis was observed with a greater number of amplifications in the 9p22.2 locus (p = 0.003) and with a greater number of deletions in the 9p21.3 locus (p = 0.03). Potential predictive CNA markers of objective response and prognostic CNA markers of hematogenous metastasis in anthracycline- based NAC regimens have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. K. Ibragimova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russian Federation
- National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
| | - E. A. Kravtsova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russian Federation
- National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
| | - M. M. Tsyganov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russian Federation
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
| | - N. V. Litviakov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009 Russian Federation
- National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050 Russian Federation
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18
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Oropeza E, Seker S, Carrel S, Mazumder A, Lozano D, Jimenez A, VandenHeuvel SN, Noltensmeyer DA, Punturi NB, Lei JT, Lim B, Waltz SE, Raghavan SA, Bainbridge MN, Haricharan S. Molecular portraits of cell cycle checkpoint kinases in cancer evolution, progression, and treatment responsiveness. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf2860. [PMID: 37390209 PMCID: PMC10313178 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell cycle dysregulation is prerequisite for cancer formation. However, it is unknown whether the mode of dysregulation affects disease characteristics. Here, we conduct comprehensive analyses of cell cycle checkpoint dysregulation using patient data and experimental investigations. We find that ATM mutation predisposes the diagnosis of primary estrogen receptor (ER)+/human epidermal growth factor (HER)2- cancer in older women. Conversely, CHK2 dysregulation induces formation of metastatic, premenopausal ER+/HER2- breast cancer (P = 0.001) that is treatment-resistant (HR = 6.15, P = 0.01). Lastly, while mutations in ATR alone are rare, ATR/TP53 co-mutation is 12-fold enriched over expected in ER+/HER2- disease (P = 0.002) and associates with metastatic progression (HR = 2.01, P = 0.006). Concordantly, ATR dysregulation induces metastatic phenotypes in TP53 mutant, not wild-type, cells. Overall, we identify mode of cell cycle dysregulation as a distinct event that determines subtype, metastatic potential, and treatment responsiveness, providing rationale for reconsidering diagnostic classification through the lens of the mode of cell cycle dysregulation..
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Oropeza
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sinem Seker
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sabrina Carrel
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aloran Mazumder
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Athena Jimenez
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Nindo B. Punturi
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan T. Lei
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bora Lim
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Oncology/Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan E. Waltz
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Research Service, Cincinnati Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, 3200 Vine St., Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Svasti Haricharan
- Aging and Cancer Immunology, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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19
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Neves Rebello Alves L, Dummer Meira D, Poppe Merigueti L, Correia Casotti M, do Prado Ventorim D, Ferreira Figueiredo Almeida J, Pereira de Sousa V, Cindra Sant'Ana M, Gonçalves Coutinho da Cruz R, Santos Louro L, Mendonça Santana G, Erik Santos Louro T, Evangelista Salazar R, Ribeiro Campos da Silva D, Stefani Siqueira Zetum A, Silva Dos Reis Trabach R, Imbroisi Valle Errera F, de Paula F, de Vargas Wolfgramm Dos Santos E, Fagundes de Carvalho E, Drumond Louro I. Biomarkers in Breast Cancer: An Old Story with a New End. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1364. [PMID: 37510269 PMCID: PMC10378988 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most frequent cancer in the world. It is a heterogeneous disease and the leading cause of cancer mortality in women. Advances in molecular technologies allowed for the identification of new and more specifics biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and risk prediction, enabling personalized treatments, improving therapy, and preventing overtreatment, undertreatment, and incorrect treatment. Several breast cancer biomarkers have been identified and, along with traditional biomarkers, they can assist physicians throughout treatment plan and increase therapy success. Despite the need of more data to improve specificity and determine the real clinical utility of some biomarkers, others are already established and can be used as a guide to make treatment decisions. In this review, we summarize the available traditional, novel, and potential biomarkers while also including gene expression profiles, breast cancer single-cell and polyploid giant cancer cells. We hope to help physicians understand tumor specific characteristics and support decision-making in patient-personalized clinical management, consequently improving treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyvia Neves Rebello Alves
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Débora Dummer Meira
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Luiza Poppe Merigueti
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
| | - Matheus Correia Casotti
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Diego do Prado Ventorim
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo (Ifes), Cariacica 29150-410, ES, Brazil
| | - Jucimara Ferreira Figueiredo Almeida
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
| | - Valdemir Pereira de Sousa
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Marllon Cindra Sant'Ana
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
| | - Rahna Gonçalves Coutinho da Cruz
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
| | - Luana Santos Louro
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29090-040, ES, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Mendonça Santana
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29090-040, ES, Brazil
| | - Thomas Erik Santos Louro
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitória 29027-502, ES, Brazil
| | - Rhana Evangelista Salazar
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Danielle Ribeiro Campos da Silva
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Aléxia Stefani Siqueira Zetum
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Raquel Silva Dos Reis Trabach
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
| | - Flávia Imbroisi Valle Errera
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Paula
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Eldamária de Vargas Wolfgramm Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
| | - Elizeu Fagundes de Carvalho
- Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Iúri Drumond Louro
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, ES, Brazil
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20
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Vázquez-Romo R, Millan-Catalan O, Ruíz-García E, Martínez-Gutiérrez AD, Alvarado-Miranda A, Campos-Parra AD, López-Camarillo C, Jacobo-Herrera N, López-Urrutia E, Guardado-Estrada M, Cantú de León D, Pérez-Plasencia C. Pathogenic variant profile in DNA damage response genes correlates with metastatic breast cancer progression-free survival in a Mexican-mestizo population. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1146008. [PMID: 37182128 PMCID: PMC10174330 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1146008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metastatic breast cancer causes the most breast cancer-related deaths around the world, especially in countries where breast cancer is detected late into its development. Genetic testing for cancer susceptibility started with the BRCA 1 and 2 genes. Still, recent research has shown that variations in other members of the DNA damage response (DDR) are also associated with elevated cancer risk, opening new opportunities for enhanced genetic testing strategies. Methods We sequenced BRCA1/2 and twelve other DDR genes from a Mexican-mestizo population of 40 metastatic breast cancer patients through semiconductor sequencing. Results Overall, we found 22 variants -9 of them reported for the first time- and a strikingly high proportion of variations in ARID1A. The presence of at least one variant in the ARID1A, BRCA1, BRCA2, or FANCA genes was associated with worse progression-free survival and overall survival in our patient cohort. Discussion Our results reflected the unique characteristics of the Mexican-mestizo population as the proportion of variants we found differed from that of other global populations. Based on these findings, we suggest routine screening for variants in ARID1A along with BRCA1/2 in breast cancer patients from the Mexican-mestizo population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Vázquez-Romo
- Departamento de Cirugía de Tumores Mamarios, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Oliver Millan-Catalan
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional y Departamento de Tumores Gastrointestinales, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Alvarado-Miranda
- Departamento de Cirugía de Tumores Mamarios, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alma D. Campos-Parra
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nadia Jacobo-Herrera
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo López-Urrutia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-IZTACALA, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Mariano Guardado-Estrada
- Laboratorio de Genética, Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - David Cantú de León
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: David Cantú de León, ; Carlos Pérez-Plasencia,
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-IZTACALA, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
- *Correspondence: David Cantú de León, ; Carlos Pérez-Plasencia,
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21
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Aljamal AA, Elajami MK, Mansour EH, Bahmad HF, Medina AM, Cusnir M. Novel ATM Gene c.5644 C > T (p.Arg1882*) Variant Detected in a Patient with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Two Primary Non-Small Cell Lung Adenocarcinomas: A Case Report. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10040115. [PMID: 36547201 PMCID: PMC9778013 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia is an autosomal recessive disorder that usually manifests in childhood due to mutations in the Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) gene. It is believed that there is an association between this gene mutation/polymorphism and cancer risk, including breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers. We report a rare case of a 69-year-old woman who developed three different primary cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in both lungs and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and was later found to have a rarely reported variant mutation in the ATM gene, namely Exon 39, c.5644 C > T. We hypothesize that the ATM gene, c.5644 C > T mutation could be a plausible contributor in the pathogenesis of these three cancers. This hypothesis has yet to be validated by larger studies that focus on a mechanistic approach involving DNA repair genes such as the ATM. More importantly, this paves the way to developing new patient-specific targeted therapies and inaugurating precision medicine as a cornerstone in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abed A. Aljamal
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Mohamad K. Elajami
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Ephraim H. Mansour
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Hisham F. Bahmad
- The Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-305-674-2277
| | - Ana Maria Medina
- The Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
- Department of Translational Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Mike Cusnir
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
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22
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Kudelova E, Smolar M, Holubekova V, Hornakova A, Dvorska D, Lucansky V, Koklesova L, Kudela E, Kubatka P. Genetic Heterogeneity, Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314937. [PMID: 36499265 PMCID: PMC9735793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity of triple-negative breast cancer is well known at clinical, histopathological, and molecular levels. Genomic instability and greater mutation rates, which may result in the creation of neoantigens and enhanced immunogenicity, are additional characteristics of this breast cancer type. Clinical outcome is poor due to early age of onset, high metastatic potential, and increased likelihood of distant recurrence. Consequently, efforts to elucidate molecular mechanisms of breast cancer development, progression, and metastatic spread have been initiated to improve treatment options and improve outcomes for these patients. The extremely complex and heterogeneous tumor immune microenvironment is made up of several cell types and commonly possesses disorganized gene expression. Altered signaling pathways are mainly associated with mutated genes including p53, PIK3CA, and MAPK, and which are positively correlated with genes regulating immune response. Of note, particular immunity-associated genes could be used in prognostic indexes to assess the most effective management. Recent findings highlight the fact that long non-coding RNAs also play an important role in shaping tumor microenvironment formation, and can mediate tumor immune evasion. Identification of molecular signatures, through the use of multi-omics approaches, and effector pathways that drive early stages of the carcinogenic process are important steps in developing new strategies for targeted cancer treatment and prevention. Advances in immunotherapy by remodeling the host immune system to eradicate tumor cells have great promise to lead to novel therapeutic strategies. Current research is focused on combining immune checkpoint inhibition with chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors, cancer vaccines, or natural killer cell therapy. Targeted therapies may improve therapeutic response, eliminate therapeutic resistance, and improve overall patient survival. In the future, these evolving advancements should be implemented for personalized medicine and state-of-art management of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kudelova
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Smolar
- Clinic of Surgery and Transplant Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Holubekova
- Biomedical Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Hornakova
- Biomedical Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dana Dvorska
- Biomedical Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Vincent Lucansky
- Biomedical Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Erik Kudela
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
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23
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Park W, O'Connor CA, Bandlamudi C, Forman D, Chou JF, Umeda S, Reyngold M, Varghese AM, Keane F, Balogun F, Yu KH, Kelsen DP, Crane C, Capanu M, Iacobuzio-Donahue C, O'Reilly EM. Clinico-genomic Characterization of ATM and HRD in Pancreas Cancer: Application for Practice. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4782-4792. [PMID: 36040493 PMCID: PMC9634347 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Characterizing germline and somatic ATM variants (gATMm, sATMm) zygosity and their contribution to homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is important for therapeutic strategy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Clinico-genomic data for patients with PDAC and other cancers with ATM variants were abstracted. Genomic instability scores (GIS) were derived from ATM-mutant cancers and overall survival (OS) was evaluated. RESULTS Forty-six patients had PDAC and pathogenic ATM variants including 24 (52%) stage III/IV: gATMm (N = 24), and sATMm (N = 22). Twenty-seven (59%) had biallelic, 15 (33%) monoallelic, and 4 indeterminate (8%) variants. Median OS for advanced-stage cohort at diagnosis (N = 24) was 19.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.3-not reached (NR)], 27.1 months (95% CI: 22.7-NR) for gATMm (n = 11), and 12.3 months for sATMm (n = 13; 95% CI: 11.9-NR; P = 0.025). GIS was computed for 33 patients with PDAC and compared with other ATM-mutant cancers enriched for HRD. The median was lower (median, 11; range, 2-29) relative to breast (18, 3-55) or ovarian (25, 3-56) ATM-mutant cancers (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Interestingly, biallelic pathogenic ATM variants were mutually exclusive with TP53. Other canonical driver gene (KRAS, CDKN2A, SMAD4) variants were less frequent in ATM-mutant PDAC. CONCLUSIONS ATM variants in PDAC represent a distinct biologic group and appear to have favorable OS. Nonetheless, pathogenic ATM variants do not confer an HRD signature in PDAC and ATM should be considered as a non-core HR gene in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wungki Park
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Catherine A O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chaitanya Bandlamudi
- Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daniella Forman
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joanne F Chou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Shigeaki Umeda
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Human Oncology Pathogenesis Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York
| | - Marsha Reyngold
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anna M Varghese
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Fergus Keane
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Fiyinfolu Balogun
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth H Yu
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David P Kelsen
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher Crane
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christine Iacobuzio-Donahue
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Human Oncology Pathogenesis Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York
| | - Eileen M O'Reilly
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Criscitiello C, Corti C. Breast Cancer Genetics: Diagnostics and Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091593. [PMID: 36140761 PMCID: PMC9498728 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) genetics has become a fundamental aspect of BC management [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Criscitiello
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0257489599
| | - Chiara Corti
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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25
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Turk A, Kunej T. Shared Genetic Risk Factors Between Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:931917. [PMID: 35872888 PMCID: PMC9300967 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.931917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for approximately 27.5 million deaths every year. While they share some common environmental risk factors, their shared genetic risk factors are not yet fully understood. The aim of the present study was to aggregate genetic risk factors associated with the comorbidity of cancer and CVDs. For this purpose, we: (1) created a catalog of genes associated with cancer and CVDs, (2) visualized retrieved data as a gene-disease network, and (3) performed a pathway enrichment analysis. We performed screening of PubMed database for literature reporting genetic risk factors in patients with both cancer and CVD. The gene-disease network was visualized using Cytoscape and the enrichment analysis was conducted using Enrichr software. We manually reviewed the 181 articles fitting the search criteria and included 13 articles in the study. Data visualization revealed a highly interconnected network containing a single subnetwork with 56 nodes and 146 edges. Genes in the network with the highest number of disease interactions were JAK2, TTN, TET2, and ATM. The pathway enrichment analysis revealed that genes included in the study were significantly enriched in DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways, such as homologous recombination. The role of DDR mechanisms in the development of CVDs has been studied in previously published research; however, additional functional studies are required to elucidate their contribution to the pathophysiology to CVDs.
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Arezzo F, Loizzi V, La Forgia D, Abdulwakil Kawosha A, Silvestris E, Cataldo V, Lombardi C, Cazzato G, Ingravallo G, Resta L, Cormio G. The Role of Ultrasound Guided Sampling Procedures in the Diagnosis of Pelvic Masses: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122204. [PMID: 34943440 PMCID: PMC8699999 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound-guided sampling methods are usually minimally invasive techniques applied to obtain cytological specimens or tissue samples, mainly used for the diagnosis of different types of tumors. The main benefits of ultrasound guidance is its availability. It offers high flexibility in the choice of sampling approach (transabdominal, transvaginal, and transrectal) and short duration of procedure. Ultrasound guided sampling of pelvic masses represents the diagnostic method of choice in selected patients. We carried out a narrative review of literatures regarding the ultrasound-guided methods of cytological and histological evaluation of pelvic masses as well as the positive and negative predictors for the achievement of an adequate sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arezzo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.C.); (C.L.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3274961788
| | - Vera Loizzi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Interdisciplinar Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Daniele La Forgia
- SSD Radiodiagnostica Senologica, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II”, Via Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Adam Abdulwakil Kawosha
- Department of General Medicine, Universitatea Medicina si Farmacie Grigore T Popa, Strada Universitatii 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Erica Silvestris
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Via Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Viviana Cataldo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.C.); (C.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudio Lombardi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.C.); (C.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Leonardo Resta
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.C.); (C.L.); (G.C.)
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