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Tadesse K, Benhamou RI. Targeting MicroRNAs with Small Molecules. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:17. [PMID: 38525736 PMCID: PMC10961812 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have been implicated in numerous diseases, presenting an attractive target for the development of novel therapeutics. The various regulatory roles of miRs in cellular processes underscore the need for precise strategies. Recent advances in RNA research offer hope by enabling the identification of small molecules capable of selectively targeting specific disease-associated miRs. This understanding paves the way for developing small molecules that can modulate the activity of disease-associated miRs. Herein, we discuss the progress made in the field of drug discovery processes, transforming the landscape of miR-targeted therapeutics by small molecules. By leveraging various approaches, researchers can systematically identify compounds to modulate miR function, providing a more potent intervention either by inhibiting or degrading miRs. The implementation of these multidisciplinary approaches bears the potential to revolutionize treatments for diverse diseases, signifying a significant stride towards the targeting of miRs by precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raphael I. Benhamou
- The Institute for Drug Research of the School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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2
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Shi Z, Yu M, Guo T, Sui Y, Tian Z, Ni X, Chen X, Jiang M, Jiang J, Lu Y, Lin M. MicroRNAs in spermatogenesis dysfunction and male infertility: clinical phenotypes, mechanisms and potential diagnostic biomarkers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1293368. [PMID: 38449855 PMCID: PMC10916303 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1293368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility affects approximately 10-15% of couples worldwide who are attempting to conceive, with male infertility accounting for 50% of infertility cases. Male infertility is related to various factors such as hormone imbalance, urogenital diseases, environmental factors, and genetic factors. Owing to its relationship with genetic factors, male infertility cannot be diagnosed through routine examination in most cases, and is clinically called 'idiopathic male infertility.' Recent studies have provided evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed in a cell-or stage-specific manner during spermatogenesis. This review focuses on the role of miRNAs in male infertility and spermatogenesis. Data were collected from published studies that investigated the effects of miRNAs on spermatogenesis, sperm quality and quantity, fertilization, embryo development, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. Based on the findings of these studies, we summarize the targets of miRNAs and the resulting functional effects that occur due to changes in miRNA expression at various stages of spermatogenesis, including undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and Sertoli cells (SCs). In addition, we discuss potential markers for diagnosing male infertility and predicting the varicocele grade, surgical outcomes, ART outcomes, and sperm retrieval rates in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingchao Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Sui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiying Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiang Ni
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinren Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyi Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongping Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meina Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics & Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Jaglan K, Dhaka SS, Magotra A, Patil CS, Ghanghas A. Exploring MicroRNA biogenesis, applications and bioinformatics analysis in livestock: A comprehensive review. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14529. [PMID: 38268204 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) control the expression of genes post-transcriptionally. Their correlation with commercial economic traits including milk, meat and egg production, as well as their effective role in animal productivity, fertility, embryo survival and disease resistance, make them significant in livestock research. The miRNAs exhibit distinct spatial and temporal expression patterns, offering insights into their functional roles within cells and tissues. Aberrant miRNA production can disrupt vital cellular processes and genetic networks, contributing to conditions like metabolic disorders and viral diseases. These short RNA molecules are present in extracellular fluids, displaying remarkable stability against RNA degradation enzymes and extreme environmental conditions. miRNAs preservation is facilitated through packaging in lipid vesicles or complex formation with RNA-binding proteins. Numerous studies have illuminated the roles of miRNAs in diverse physiological processes, including embryonic stem cell differentiation, haematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation and the coordinated development of organ systems. The integration of miRNA profiling, next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis paves the way for transformative advancements in livestock research and industry. The present review underscores the applications of miRNAs in livestock, showcasing their potential to improve breeding strategies, diagnose diseases and enhance our understanding of fundamental biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Jaglan
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - S S Dhaka
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ankit Magotra
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - C S Patil
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Amandeep Ghanghas
- Department of Livestock Production Management, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
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Ratre P, Nazeer N, Kumari R, Thareja S, Jain B, Tiwari R, Kamthan A, Srivastava RK, Mishra PK. Carbon-Based Fluorescent Nano-Biosensors for the Detection of Cell-Free Circulating MicroRNAs. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:226. [PMID: 36831992 PMCID: PMC9953975 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have emerged as potential risks for humans due to adopting a sedentary lifestyle and inaccurate diagnoses. The early detection of NCDs using point-of-care technologies significantly decreases the burden and will be poised to transform clinical intervention and healthcare provision. An imbalance in the levels of circulating cell-free microRNAs (ccf-miRNA) has manifested in NCDs, which are passively released into the bloodstream or actively produced from cells, improving the efficacy of disease screening and providing enormous sensing potential. The effective sensing of ccf-miRNA continues to be a significant technical challenge, even though sophisticated equipment is needed to analyze readouts and expression patterns. Nanomaterials have come to light as a potential solution as they provide significant advantages over other widely used diagnostic techniques to measure miRNAs. Particularly, CNDs-based fluorescence nano-biosensors are of great interest. Owing to the excellent fluorescence characteristics of CNDs, developing such sensors for ccf-microRNAs has been much more accessible. Here, we have critically examined recent advancements in fluorescence-based CNDs biosensors, including tools and techniques used for manufacturing these biosensors. Green synthesis methods for scaling up high-quality, fluorescent CNDs from a natural source are discussed. The various surface modifications that help attach biomolecules to CNDs utilizing covalent conjugation techniques for multiple applications, including self-assembly, sensing, and imaging, are analyzed. The current review will be of particular interest to researchers interested in fluorescence-based biosensors, materials chemistry, nanomedicine, and related fields, as we focus on CNDs-based nano-biosensors for ccf-miRNAs detection applications in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ratre
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Nazim Nazeer
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Roshani Kumari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Bulbul Jain
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Arunika Kamthan
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Rupesh K. Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462030, India
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Mestry C, Ashavaid TF, Shah SA. Key methodological challenges in detecting circulating miRNAs in different biofluids. Ann Clin Biochem 2023; 60:14-26. [PMID: 36113172 DOI: 10.1177/00045632221129778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The technological advancement in diagnostic techniques has immensely improved the capability of predicting disease progression. Yet, there is a great interest in developing newer biomarkers that can enhance disease risk prediction thereby minimising the associated morbidity and mortality. Circulating miRNAs, a non-coding RNA molecule, are critical regulators in the pathophysiology of various complex multifactorial diseases. In recent years, circulating miRNAs have been enormously studied and are considered as an emerging biomarker due to their easy accessibility, stability, and detection by sequence-specific amplification methods. However, there is a distinct lack of consensus regarding the preanalytical factors such as preferred sample selection, methodological aspects, etc that may independently or together influence the detection of circulating miRNAs resulting in erroneous expression profiles. Therefore, the present review makes an attempt to highlight the various pre-analytical and analytical factors that can potentially influence the circulating miRNA levels. Literature on circulating miRNA's stability, processing and quantitation in different biofluids along with the effect of various controllable and uncontrollable factors influencing circulating miRNA expression have been summarised in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Mestry
- Research Laboratories, 29537P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
| | - Tester F Ashavaid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
| | - Swarup Av Shah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
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Liang Q, Jin W, Huang Z, Yin H, Liu S, Liu L, Song X, Wang Z, Fei J. A plasma 3-marker microRNA biosignature distinguishes spinal tuberculosis from other spinal destructive diseases and pulmonary tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1125946. [PMID: 36926516 PMCID: PMC10011472 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1125946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate spinal tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis is of utmost importance for adequately treating and managing the disease. Given the need for additional diagnostic tools, this study aimed to investigate the utility of host serum miRNA biomarkers for diagnosing and distinguishing spinal tuberculosis (STB) from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and other spinal diseases of different origins (SDD). For a case-controlled investigation, a total of 423 subjects were voluntarily recruited, with 157 cases of STB, 83 cases of SDD, 30 cases of active PTB, and 153 cases of healthy controls (CONT) in 4 clinical centers. To discover the STB-specific miRNA biosignature, a high-throughput miRNA profiling study was performed in the pilot study with 12 cases of STB and 8 cases of CONT using the Exiqon miRNA PCR array platform. A bioinformatics study identified that the 3-plasma miRNA combination (hsa-miR-506-3p, hsa-miR-543, hsa-miR-195-5p) might serve as a candidate biomarker for STB. The subsequent training study developed the diagnostic model using multivariate logistic regression in training data sets, including CONT(n=100) and STB (n=100). Youden's J index determined the optimal classification threshold. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that 3-plasma miRNA biomarker signatures have an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.87, sensitivity = 80.5%, and specificity = 80.0%. To explore the possible potential to distinguish spinal TB from PDB and other SDD, the diagnostic model with the same classification threshold was applied to the analysis of the independent validation data set, including CONT(n=45), STB(n=45), brucellosis spondylitis (BS, n=30), PTB (n=30), spinal tumor (ST, n=30) and pyogenic spondylitis (PS, n=23). The results showed diagnostic model based on three miRNA signatures could discriminate the STB from other SDD groups with sensitivity=80%, specificity=96%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV)=84%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV)=94%, the total accuracy rate of 92%. These results indicate that this 3-plasma miRNA biomarker signature could effectively discriminate the STB from other spinal destructive diseases and pulmonary tuberculosis. The present study shows that the diagnostic model based on 3-plasma miRNA biomarker signature (hsa-miR-506-3p, hsa-miR-543, hsa-miR-195-5p) may be used for medical guidance to discriminate the STB from other spinal destructive disease and pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Weidong Jin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huquan Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Inteliex Biomedical Corp, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Shengchun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Tenth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Liehua Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangwei Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Weihui, China
| | - Zili Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital Affiliated to Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zili Wang, ; Jun Fei,
| | - Jun Fei
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zili Wang, ; Jun Fei,
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Benbaibeche H, Hichami A, Oudjit B, Haffaf EM, Kacimi G, Koceïr EA, Khan NA. Circulating mir-21 and mir-146a are associated with increased cytokines and CD36 in Algerian obese male participants. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1461-1466. [PMID: 32536220 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1775655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microRNAs have come up as crucial mediators of energy balance and metabolic control. CD36 is potential biomarker of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study investigates the concentration of miR-146a and miR-21 and CD 36 in blood samples of obese and healthy young participants. We assessed the association of mir-146a and mir-21 with inflammatory states in Algerian young participants. METHODS Our study included male obese, without co-morbidities (n = 29), and healthy participants (n = 13). miRNA and CD36 expression was measured by real-time RT-PCR, respectively, in serum and blood. RESULTS miR-146a and miR-21 concentrations were significantly decreased; however, CD36 expression was increased in obese subjects. Interestingly, miR-146a and miR-21 concentrations were negatively correlated to IL-6, TNF-α, and CD36 in obese participants. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that the downregulation of miR-146a and miR-21 was associated with upregulation of inflammatory state and increased CD36 expression in obese participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassiba Benbaibeche
- Département des Sciences de la Nature Et de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Alger, Algérie
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Biologic Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aziz Hichami
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR 1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Elhadj Ahmed Koceïr
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Biologic Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR 1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
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Mir-29b in Breast Cancer: A Promising Target for Therapeutic Approaches. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092139. [PMID: 36140539 PMCID: PMC9497770 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-29 family comprises miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c, and these molecules play crucial and partially overlapped functions in solid tumors, in which the different isoforms are variously de-regulated and mainly correlated with tumor suppression. miR-29b is the most expressed family member in cancer, in which it is involved in regulating gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This review focuses on the role of miR-29b in breast cancer, in which it plays a controversial role as tumor suppressor or onco-miRNA. Here we have highlighted the dual effect of miR-29b on breast tumor features, which depend on the prevailing function of this miRNA, on the mature miR-29b evaluated, and on the breast tumor characteristics. Remarkably, the analyzed miR-29b form emerged as a crucial element in the results obtained by various research groups, as the most abundant miR-29b-3p and the less expressed miR-29b1-5p seem to play distinct roles in breast tumors with different phenotypes. Of particular interest are the data showing that miR-29b1-5p counteracts cell proliferation and migration and reduces stemness in breast tumor cells with a triple negative phenotype. Even if further studies are required to define exactly the role of each miR-29b, our review highlights its possible implication in phenotype-specific management of breast tumors.
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Caratelli V, Moccia M, Paggioro FR, Fiore L, Avitabile C, Saviano M, Imbriani AL, Dardano P, De Stefano L, Moscone D, Colabufo NA, Ghafir El Idrissi I, Russo F, Riezzo G, Giannelli G, Arduini F. Liquid Biopsy beyond Cancer: A miRNA Detection in Serum with Electrochemical Chip for Non‐Invasive Coeliac Disease Diagnosis. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Caratelli
- Department of Chemical Science and Tecnologies University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Maria Moccia
- Institute of Crystallography National Research Council (CNR) Via G. Amendola 122/O 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Francesca R. Paggioro
- Department of Chemical Science and Tecnologies University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Luca Fiore
- Department of Chemical Science and Tecnologies University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Concetta Avitabile
- Institute of Crystallography National Research Council (CNR) Via G. Amendola 122/O 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Michele Saviano
- Institute of Crystallography National Research Council (CNR) Via G. Amendola 122/O 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Imbriani
- Biochemical Systems International S.p.A. Loc, Palazzo del Pero, 23 52100 Arezzo Italy
| | - Principia Dardano
- Department of Physical Sciences and Matter Technology Institute for Applied Science and Intelligent Systems National Research Council Via Pietro Castellino 111 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Department of Physical Sciences and Matter Technology Institute for Applied Science and Intelligent Systems National Research Council Via Pietro Castellino 111 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - Danila Moscone
- Department of Chemical Science and Tecnologies University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Nicola A. Colabufo
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science University of Bari Aldo Moro Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
- Biofordrug S.R.L Spin-off of the University of Bari Aldo Moro Via Dante 99, Triggiano 70019 Bari Italy
| | - Imane Ghafir El Idrissi
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science University of Bari Aldo Moro Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
- Biofordrug S.R.L Spin-off of the University of Bari Aldo Moro Via Dante 99, Triggiano 70019 Bari Italy
| | - Francesco Russo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte 70013 Bari Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riezzo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte 70013 Bari Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital Castellana Grotte 70013 Bari Italy
| | - Fabiana Arduini
- Department of Chemical Science and Tecnologies University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
- SENSE4MED S.R.L. Via della ricerca scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
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Paolini A, Sarshar M, Felli C, Bruno SP, Rostami-Nejad M, Ferretti F, Masotti A, Baldassarre A. Biomarkers to Monitor Adherence to Gluten-Free Diet by Celiac Disease Patients: Gluten Immunogenic Peptides and Urinary miRNAs. Foods 2022; 11:1380. [PMID: 35626950 PMCID: PMC9140451 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a multifactorial autoimmune enteropathy with a prevalence greater than 1% in the pediatric population. The only therapy for CD patients is a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Gluten-free food contamination by other cereals during packaging and cooking or accidental ingestion of gluten may cause several intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in CD patients. Therefore, the monitoring of gluten contamination in food and assessing the level of ingested gluten by analytical biomarkers has been of great interest in recent years. To this aim, small gluten immunogenic peptides (GIPs) obtained by the hydrolysis of gluten and present in urine and feces have been studied as biomarkers of gluten intake and to monitor adherence to GFD by CD patients. More recently, the use of circulating, fecal and urinary miRNAs has emerged as a novel diagnostic tool that can be potentially applied to assess adherence to GFD. Moreover, the presence of GIPs and miRNAs in both feces and urine suggests a similar excretion modality and the possibility of using urinary miRNAs, similarly to GIPs, as potential biomarkers of GFD in CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Paolini
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Meysam Sarshar
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Cristina Felli
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Stefania Paola Bruno
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717411, Iran;
| | - Francesca Ferretti
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonella Baldassarre
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
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11
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Zhang C, Owen LA, Lillvis JH, Zhang SX, Kim IK, DeAngelis MM. AMD Genomics: Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061484. [PMID: 35329812 PMCID: PMC8954267 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the world’s leading cause of blindness in the aging population. Although the clinical stages and forms of AMD have been elucidated, more specific prognostic tools are required to determine when patients with early and intermediate AMD will progress into the advanced stages of AMD. Another challenge in the field has been the appropriate development of therapies for intermediate AMD and advanced atrophic AMD. After numerous negative clinical trials, an anti-C5 agent and anti-C3 agent have recently shown promising results in phase 3 clinical trials, in terms of slowing the growth of geographic atrophy, an advanced form of AMD. Interestingly, both drugs appear to be associated with an increased incidence of wet AMD, another advanced form of the disease, and will require frequent intravitreal injections. Certainly, there remains a need for other therapeutic agents with the potential to prevent progression to advanced stages of the disease. Investigation of the role and clinical utility of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is a major advancement in biology that has only been minimally applied to AMD. In the following review, we discuss the clinical relevance of ncRNAs in AMD as both biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
| | - Leah A. Owen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - John H. Lillvis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
- Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14212, USA
| | - Sarah X. Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Ivana K. Kim
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Correspondence: (I.K.K.); (M.M.D.)
| | - Margaret M. DeAngelis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (S.X.Z.)
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14212, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Correspondence: (I.K.K.); (M.M.D.)
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12
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Diamantopoulos MA, Georgoulia KK, Scorilas A. Identification and expression analysis of ten novel small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in cancer cells using a high-throughput sequencing approach. Gene 2022; 809:146025. [PMID: 34710527 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs are characterized as RNA molecules, which lack the capacity to encode protein structures and appear to include a level of internal signals. Moreover, they control various stages of gene expression, thus controlling the cell physiology and development. In this study, we implemented a high-throughput sequencing approach based on the primary semi-conductor technology and computational tools, in order to identity novel small non-coding RNAs. Fourteen human cancer cell lines were cultured, and RNA samples were enriched for small RNAs following semi-conductor next generation sequencing (NGS). Bioinformatics analysis of NGS data revealed the existence of several classes of ncRNAs using the miRDeep* and CPSS 2.0 software. To investigate the existence of the predicted non-coding RNA sequences in cDNA pools of cell lines, a developed qPCR-based assay was implemented. The structure of each novel small ncRNA was visualized, using the RNAfold algorithm. Our results support the existence of twenty (20) putative new small ncRNAs, ten (10) of which have had their expression experimentally validated and presented differential profiles in cancerous and normal cells. A deeper comprehension of the ncRNAs interactive network and its role in cancer can therefore be translated into a wide range of clinical applications. Despite this progress, further scientific research from different perspectives and in different fields is needed, so that the riddle of the human transcriptome can be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios A Diamantopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina K Georgoulia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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13
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Dweep H, Showe LC, Kossenkov AV. Functional Annotation of MicroRNAs Using Existing Resources. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2257:57-77. [PMID: 34432273 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1170-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that are involved in most biological signaling pathways, including the cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, immune response, metabolism as well as in biological processes including organ development and in human diseases like cancers. During the past two decades, high-throughput transcriptomic profiling using next generation sequencing and microarrays have been extensively utilized to identify differentially expressed miRNAs across different conditions and diseases. A natural extension of miRNA identification is to the process of functionally annotating known or predicted gene targets of those miRNAs and, by inference, revealing their potential influences on diverse biological pathways and functions. In this chapter, we provide a stepwise guideline on how to perform functional enrichment analyses on miRNAs of interest using publicly available resources such as miRWalk2.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Dweep
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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14
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Khalighfard S, Kalhori MR, Amiriani T, Poorkhani A, Khori V, Esmati E, Lashkari M, Najafi A, Alizadeh AM. A systematic approach introduced novel targets in rectal cancer by considering miRNA/mRNA interactions in response to radiotherapy. Cancer Biomark 2021; 33:97-110. [PMID: 34366323 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of miRNA/mRNA interactions in several biological samples prompted the researchers to explore new biomarkers in tumors. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the interactions of miRNA/mRNA in response to radiotherapy in the plasma samples of rectal cancer patients. METHODS Five microarray datasets related to cancerous and non-cancerous individuals were first used to construct networks. The databases of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were applied to analyze pathway enrichment. The plasma samples were then collected from 55 patients with recently diagnosed rectal cancer and 10 healthy subjects. For radiotherapy courses, the patients have consecutively received 30 sessions of local radiation for six weeks. At last, the expression of selected genes and miRNAs was experimentally measured before and after radiotherapy by qPCR, and the protein levels of the target genes were measured by ELISA assay. We evaluated the therapeutic responses based on the tumor regression grade of the Dworak classification. RESULTS We identified 5 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated miRNAs and 8 up-regulated and 3 down-regulated genes of the databases. There was a significant increase in tumor suppressor miRNAs, including miR-101-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-26a-5p, miR-34a-5p, and a significant decrease in oncomiRs, including miR-221-3p and miR-17-5p, after radiotherapy compared to the pre-treatment. Moreover, the up-regulated miR-17-5p and miR-221-5p and the down-regulated miR-101-3p and miR-145-5p were directly related to rectal cancer through the interaction with the Wnt, RAS, PI3K, and TGF-β signaling pathways. An analysis of receiver operating characteristics showed that miRNAs 221, 17, and 23 were response-related in locally advanced rectal cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS It seems that monitoring the miRNA/mRNA interactions during radiotherapy can be an appropriate diagnostic tool to track the recovery process and respond to standard therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Khalighfard
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Breast Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Kalhori
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amirhoushang Poorkhani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Esmati
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Lashkari
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Najafi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Radiation Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Breast Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Radiation Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Lassandro G, Ciaccia L, Amoruso A, Palladino V, Palmieri VV, Giordano P. Focus on MicroRNAs as Biomarker in Pediatric Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:826-832. [PMID: 33087027 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201021125512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs are considered a class of epigenetic biomarkers. These biomarkers can investigate disease at different stages: diagnosis, therapy or clinical follow-up. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to highlight the innovative use of miRNAs in several childhood diseases. METHODS We conducted a literature review to search the usage of miRNAs in pediatric clinical routine or experimental trials. RESULTS We found a possible key role of miRNAs in different pediatric illnesses (metabolic alterations, coagulation defects, cancer). CONCLUSION The modest literature production denotes that further investigation is needed to assess and validate the promising role of miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers in pediatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lassandro
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Ciaccia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Amoruso
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Palladino
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Viviana V Palmieri
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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16
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De Palma FDE, Raia V, Kroemer G, Maiuri MC. The Multifaceted Roles of MicroRNAs in Cystic Fibrosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E1102. [PMID: 33348555 PMCID: PMC7765910 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lifelong disorder affecting 1 in 3500 live births worldwide. It is a monogenetic autosomal recessive disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the chloride channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the impairment of which leads to ionic disequilibria in exocrine organs. This translates into a chronic multisystemic disease characterized by airway obstruction, respiratory infections, and pancreatic insufficiency as well as hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Molecular characterization of the mutational heterogeneity of CFTR (affected by more than 2000 variants) improved the understanding and management of CF. However, these CFTR variants are linked to different clinical manifestations and phenotypes, and they affect response to treatments. Expanding evidence suggests that multisystemic disease affects CF pathology via impairing either CFTR or proteins regulated by CFTR. Thus, altering the expression of miRNAs in vivo could constitute an appealing strategy for developing new CF therapies. In this review, we will first describe the pathophysiology and clinical management of CF. Then, we will summarize the current knowledge on altered miRNAs in CF patients, with a focus on the miRNAs involved in the deregulation of CFTR and in the modulation of inflammation. We will highlight recent findings on the potential utility of measuring circulating miRNAs in CF as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Finally, we will provide an overview on potential miRNA-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Domenica Elisa De Palma
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Raia
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Federico II University Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
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17
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Gessner I, Fries JWU, Brune V, Mathur S. Magnetic nanoparticle-based amplification of microRNA detection in body fluids for early disease diagnosis. J Mater Chem B 2020; 9:9-22. [PMID: 33179710 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02165b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Circulating biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs), short noncoding RNA strands, represent prognostic and diagnostic indicators for a variety of physiological disorders making their detection and quantification an attractive approach for minimally invasive early disease diagnosis. However, highly sensitive and selective detection methods are required given the generally low abundance of miRNAs in body fluids together with the presence of large amounts of other potentially interfering biomolecules. Although a variety of miRNA isolation and detection methods have been established in clinics, they usually require trained personnel and often constitute labor-, time- and cost-intensive approaches. During the last years, nanoparticle-based biosensors have received increasing attention due to their superior detection efficiency even in very low concentration regimes. This is based on their unique physicochemical properties in combination with their high surface area that allows for the immobilization of multiple recognition sites resulting in fast and effective recognition of analytes. Among various materials, magnetic nanoparticles have been identified as useful tools for the separation, concentration, and detection of miRNAs. Here, we review state-of-the-art technology with regard to magnetic particle-based miRNA detection from body fluids, critically discussing challenges and future perspective of such biosensors while comparing their handling, sensitivity as well as selectivity against the established miRNA isolation and detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gessner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany.
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18
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Konečná B, Radošinská J, Keményová P, Repiská G. Detection of disease-associated microRNAs - application for autism spectrum disorders. Rev Neurosci 2020; 31:757-769. [PMID: 32813679 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) diagnostic procedure still lacks a uniform biological marker. This review gathers the information on microRNAs (miRNAs) specifically as a possible source of biomarkers of ASD. Extracellular vesicles, and their subset of exosomes, are believed to be a tool of cell-to-cell communication, and they are increasingly considered to be carriers of such a marker. The interest in studying miRNAs in extracellular vesicles grows in all fields of study and therefore should not be omitted in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders. The summary of miRNAs associated with brain cells and ASD either studied directly in the tissue or biofluids are gathered in this review. The heterogeneity in findings from different studies points out the fact that unified methods should be established, beginning with the determination of the accurate patient and control groups, through to sample collection, processing, and storage conditions. This review, based on the available literature, proposes the standardized approach to obtain the results that would not be affected by technical factors. Nowadays, the method of high-throughput sequencing seems to be the most optimal to analyze miRNAs. This should be followed by the uniformed bioinformatics procedure to avoid misvalidation. At the end, the proper validation of the obtained results is needed. With such an approach as is described in this review, it would be possible to obtain a reliable biomarker that would characterize the presence of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Konečná
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Radošinská
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Keményová
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Repiská
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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GENEŞ D, PEKKOLAY Z, BEYAZ C, KILINÇ F, TUZCU AK. Is HbA1c Misleading and 90-Minute Glucose Tolerance Test a Better Indicator in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus? DICLE MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.706051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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YILMAZ K, GUNDUZ Z, KUTUK MS, DUSUNSEL R, DURSUN İ, YEL S. The Relationship Between MicroRNAs And Congenital Kidney Anomalies. DICLE MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.706048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Dong Y, Ji H, Shen L. The Potential Markers of Circulating microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2019; 10:1293-1301. [PMID: 31788340 PMCID: PMC6844586 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in the late life with no curative treatment currently. Thus, it is urgently to establish sensitive and non-invasive biomarkers for AD diagnosis, particularly in the early stage. Recently, emerging number of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered as effective biomarkers in various diseases as they possess characteristics of stable, resistant to RNAase digestion and many extreme conditions in circulatory fluid. This review highlights recent advances in the identification of the aberrantly expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs in circulatory network for detection of AD. We summarized the abnormal expressed miRNAs in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and detailed discussed the functions and molecular mechanism of serum or plasma miRNAs-miR-195, miR-155, miR-34a, miR-9, miR-206, miR-125b and miR-29 in the regulation of AD progression. In addition, we also elaborated the role of circulating lncRNA major including beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and its antisense lncRNA BACE1-AS in AD pathological advancement. In brief, confirming the aberrantly expressed circulating miRNAs and lncRNAs will provide an effective testing tools for treatment of AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhao
- 1Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative diseases, School for Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- 2Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- 2Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanhan Dong
- 2Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongfang Ji
- 1Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative diseases, School for Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Liang Shen
- 1Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative diseases, School for Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
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22
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Role of MicroRNA-124 as a Prognostic Factor in Multiple Neoplasms: A Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:1654780. [PMID: 31885731 PMCID: PMC6893269 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1654780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) was revealed to be an attractive prognostic tumour biomarker in recent studies. However, the results remain inconclusive. Hence, this meta-analysis was carried out to clarify the precise predictive value of miR-124. Materials and Methods Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to October 2018. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were extracted from the selected studies. Results A total of 29 articles investigating the correlation between miR-124 expression and prognosis were initially identified. The pooled HR for overall survival (OS) of high miR-124 expression in multiple cancers was 0.55 (95%CI = 0.50–0.61). Disease-free survival (DFS)/progression-free survival (HR = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.38–0.61) revealed a protective role of increased miR-124 expression. Epigenetic hypermethylation of miR-124 mediated the silencing of its expression, which is correlated significantly with unfavourable survival (OS: HR = 2.06, 95%CI = 1.68–2.53; DFS/recurrence-free survival: HR = 2.77, 95%CI = 1.85–4.16). Conclusions Taken together, our results suggest that miR-124 plays an antioncogenic role in various tumors, such as lung cancer and colorectal cancer. If methylation of miR-124 could be prevented, progression and metastasis would be improved; thus, miR-124 may be a promising biomarker and novel therapeutic target. Further large-scale studies are needed to confirm this possible effect.
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Chen L, Heikkinen L, Wang C, Yang Y, Sun H, Wong G. Trends in the development of miRNA bioinformatics tools. Brief Bioinform 2019; 20:1836-1852. [PMID: 29982332 PMCID: PMC7414524 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bby054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression via recognition of cognate sequences and interference of transcriptional, translational or epigenetic processes. Bioinformatics tools developed for miRNA study include those for miRNA prediction and discovery, structure, analysis and target prediction. We manually curated 95 review papers and ∼1000 miRNA bioinformatics tools published since 2003. We classified and ranked them based on citation number or PageRank score, and then performed network analysis and text mining (TM) to study the miRNA tools development trends. Five key trends were observed: (1) miRNA identification and target prediction have been hot spots in the past decade; (2) manual curation and TM are the main methods for collecting miRNA knowledge from literature; (3) most early tools are well maintained and widely used; (4) classic machine learning methods retain their utility; however, novel ones have begun to emerge; (5) disease-associated miRNA tools are emerging. Our analysis yields significant insight into the past development and future directions of miRNA tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau S.A.R, China
| | - Liisa Heikkinen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau S.A.R, China
| | - Changliang Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau S.A.R, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau S.A.R, China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Garry Wong
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau S.A.R, China
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Abstract
Infertility is an important reproductive health problem, and male infertility is especially important in more than half of infertility cases. Due to the importance of genetic factors in this condition, analysis of semen alone is not enough to recognize men with idiopathic infertility. A molecular non-invasive investigation is necessary to gain valuable information. Currently, microRNAs (miRNAs) are being used as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. miRNAs, single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, act as post-transcriptional gene silencing regulators either by inhibition or repression of translation. Changes in the regulation of miRNAs have been investigated in several different types of male infertility, therefore the biological role of miRNA and gene targets has been defined. The purpose of this study was to review recent research on the altered expression of miRNA in semen, sperm, and testicular biopsy samples in infertile males with different types of unexplained infertility. Changes in miRNA regulation were investigated using microarray and the miRNA levels were confirmed by real-time qRT-PCR. This review explains why creating a non-invasive diagnostic method for male infertility is necessary and how changes in miRNA expression can be used as new diagnostic biomarkers in patients with differing spermatogenic and histopathologic injury.
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Ortiz-Dosal A, Rodil-García P, Salazar-Olivo LA. Circulating microRNAs in human obesity: a systematic review. Biomarkers 2019; 24:499-509. [PMID: 30990364 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1606279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Context: Differential expression profiles of microRNAs have been reported in human obesity suggesting a miRNAs role in the development of obesity and associated disorders. Objective: To review circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) dysregulated in human obesity and to predict their possible target genes. Methods: We performed a systematic review on PubMed database (PROSPERO, CRD42017077742) for original works on c-miRNAs and human obesity and recorded c-miRNAs with differential expression profiles. Potential target genes and metabolic pathways for dysregulated miRNAs with at least two independent reports were searched using bioinformatic tools. Results: Twenty-two c-miRNAs are overexpressed, nine underexpressed and two c-miRNAs dysregulated in both directions in people with obesity compared to lean controls. Bioinformatic analyses suggest these c-miRNAs target on genes associated with fatty acid metabolism and PI3k/Akt pathway. Conclusion: Literature records 33 c-miRNAs confirmedly dysregulated in human obesity. Their predicted target genes are involved in pathways that could explain the development of obesity and its comorbidities. Further research will clarify the role of these miRNAs on metabolic diseases and their usefulness for the prognosis, prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Ortiz-Dosal
- a Division of Molecular Biology, Institute Potosino of Scientific and Technological Research , San Luis Potosí , México
| | - Patricia Rodil-García
- a Division of Molecular Biology, Institute Potosino of Scientific and Technological Research , San Luis Potosí , México
| | - Luis A Salazar-Olivo
- a Division of Molecular Biology, Institute Potosino of Scientific and Technological Research , San Luis Potosí , México
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26
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Mishra R, Sood V, Banerjea AC. Dengue NS5 modulates expression of miR-590 to regulate ubiquitin-specific peptidase 42 in human microglia. FASEB Bioadv 2019; 1:265-278. [PMID: 32123831 PMCID: PMC6996368 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2018-00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), a member of Flaviviridae family, has become neurovirulent in humans after rapid geographical expansion. Host proteasomal machinery contains both ubiquitin ligases as well as deubiquitinases (DUBs), known to influence key cellular and biological functions. MicroRNA-mediated modulations of DUBs in case of DENV infections have not been explored yet. DENV propagation, MiRNA overexpression, miRNA knockdown, transfection, RT-PCR, luciferase assay, and western blotting have been used in this study to establish the interaction of miR-590 and USP42. DENV infection in human microglial cells resulted in downregulation of host DUB-USP42 in a dose-dependent manner and DENV-NS5 gene alone was found to be sufficient for this downregulation. miR-590 was upregulated upon NS5 overexpression in a dose-dependent manner. Downregulation of USP42 was observed with miR-590 overexpression. The specificity of this regulation was confirmed by miR-590 mimic and anti-miR transfections in microglial cells. miR-590 overexpression and knockdown affected the expression level of TRAF6 in indirect manner in microglial cells. The luciferase assay demonstrated the direct regulatory interaction between miR-590 and 3'UTR of USP42. These findings establish that DENV-NS5 protein can potentially modulate the host deubiquitinase protein USP42 expression via altering cellular miR-590 levels in human microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Mishra
- Laboratory of VirologyNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Vikas Sood
- Jamia Hamdard, deemed UniversityNew DelhiIndia
| | - Akhil C. Banerjea
- Laboratory of VirologyNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
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Ojha R, Nandani R, Pandey RK, Mishra A, Prajapati VK. Emerging role of circulating microRNA in the diagnosis of human infectious diseases. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:1030-1043. [PMID: 30146762 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The endogenic microRNAs (miRNA) are evolutionary, conserved, and belong to a group of small noncoding RNAs with a stretch of 19-24 nucleotides. The miRNAs play an indispensable role in gene modulation at the posttranscriptional level, inclusive of stem-cell differentiation, embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, metabolism, immune responses, or infections. The miRNAs secreted from the cells and their presence in the biological fluids signifies the regulatory role of circulating miRNAs in the pathogenesis. The phenomenal expression levels of circulating miRNAs in serum or plasma during infection makes them the potential therapeutic biomarkers for the diagnosis of assorted human infectious diseases. In this article, we have accentuated the methods for the profiling of circulating miRNA as well as the importance of miRNA as biomarkers for the diagnosis of human infectious diseases. To date, numerous biomarkers have been identified for the diagnostic or prognostic purpose; for instance, miR-182, miR-486, and miR15a in sepsis; miR-320 and miR505 in inflammatory bowel disease; miR-155 and miR-1260 in influenza; miR-12, miRVP-3p, and miR-184 in arboviruses; and miR-29b and miR-125 in hepatitis infection. Nevertheless, the noninvasive diagnostic approach, with the aid of biomarkers, currently plays a decisive role in the untimely diagnosis of human infections. So, in the near future, the exploitation of circulating miRNAs as therapeutic biomarkers for the diagnosis of human infections will help us to cure the associated diseases promptly and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupal Ojha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, India
| | - Raj Nandani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, India
| | - Rajan Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology-Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, India
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Sucharov CC, Miyamoto SD, Garcia AM. Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers in pediatric heart diseases. PROGRESS IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Falzone L, Scola L, Zanghì A, Biondi A, Di Cataldo A, Libra M, Candido S. Integrated analysis of colorectal cancer microRNA datasets: identification of microRNAs associated with tumor development. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:1000-1014. [PMID: 29779016 PMCID: PMC5990389 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Currently, no effective early diagnostic biomarkers are available for colorectal carcinoma. Therefore, there is a need to discover new molecules able to identify pre-cancerous lesions. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with the onset of specific pathologies, thus the identification of miRNAs associated to colorectal cancer may be used to detect this pathology at early stages. On these bases, the expression levels of miRNAs were analyzed to compare the miRNAs expression levels of colorectal cancer samples and normal tissues in several miRNA datasets. This analysis revealed a group of 19 differentially expressed miRNAs. To establish the interaction between miRNAs and the most altered genes in CRC, the mirDIP gene target analysis was performed in such group of 19 differentially expressed miRNAs. To recognize miRNAs able to activate or inhibit genes and pathways involved in colorectal cancer development DIANA-mirPath prediction analysis was applied. Overall, these analyses showed that the up-regulated hsa-miR-183-5p and hsa-miR-21-5p, and the down-regulated hsa-miR-195-5p and hsa-miR-497-5p were directly related to colorectal cancer through the interaction with the Mismatch Repair pathway and Wnt, RAS, MAPK, PI3K, TGF-β and p53 signaling pathways involved in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Falzone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Letizia Scola
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Antonino Zanghì
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of General Surgery, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania, Catania 95124, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Cataldo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer (PreDiCT), University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
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Liu J, Xiao Y, Wu X, Jiang L, Yang S, Ding Z, Fang Z, Hua H, Kirby MS, Shou J. A circulating microRNA signature as noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:188. [PMID: 29523084 PMCID: PMC5845150 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noninvasive biomarkers are urgently needed for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to assist in diagnosis, monitoring disease progression and assessing treatment response. Recently several exploratory studies showed that circulating level of microRNA is associated with NASH and correlated with disease severity. Although these data were encouraging, the application of circulating microRNA as biomarkers for patient screening and stratification need to be further assessed under well-controlled conditions. RESULTS The expression of circulating microRNAs were profiled in diet-induced NASH progression and regression models to assess the diagnostic and prognostic values and the translatability between preclinical mouse model and men. Since these mice had same genetic background and were housed in the same conditions, there were minimal confounding factors. Histopathological lesions were analyzed at distinct disease progression stages along with microRNA measurement which allows longitudinal assessment of microRNA as NASH biomarkers. Next, differentially expressed microRNAs were identified and validated in an independent cohorts of animals. Thirdly, these microRNAs were examined in a NASH regression model to assess whether they would respond to NASH treatment. MicroRNA profiling in two independent cohorts of animals validated the up-regulation of 6 microRNAs (miR-122, miR-192, miR-21, miR-29a, miR-34a and miR-505) in NASH mice, which was designated as the circulating microRNA signature for NASH. The microRNA signature could accurately distinguish NASH mice from lean mice, and it responded to chow diet treatment in a NASH regression model. To further improve the performance of microRNA-based biomarker, a new composite biomarker was proposed, which consists of miR-192, miR-21, miR-505 and ALT. The new composite biomarker outperformed the microRNA signature in predicting NASH mice which had NAS > 3, and deserves further validations in large scale studies. CONCLUSION The present study supported the translation of circulating microRNAs between preclinical models and humans in NASH pathogenesis and progression. The microRNA-based composite biomarker may be used for non-invasive diagnosis, clinical monitoring and assessing treatment response for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
- Present Address: Fosun Kite Biotechnology, No. 222 Kangnan Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Yue Xiao
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xikun Wu
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Lichun Jiang
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Shurong Yang
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Zhiming Ding
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Zhuo Fang
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Haiqing Hua
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | | | - Jianyong Shou
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, 201203 China
- Present Address: Shanghai Ennova Biopharmaceuticals, 781 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203 China
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31
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Felli C, Baldassarre A, Masotti A. Intestinal and Circulating MicroRNAs in Coeliac Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091907. [PMID: 28878141 PMCID: PMC5618556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and gastrointestinal diseases. Previous studies have revealed that miRNAs are dysregulated in intestinal biopsies of patients affected by coeliac disease (CD). Combined bioinformatics analyses of miRNA expression profiles and mRNA target genes as classified by Gene Ontology, are powerful tools to investigate the functional role of miRNAs in coeliac disease. However, little is still known about the function of circulating miRNAs, their expression level compared to tissue miRNAs, and whether the mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation are the same of tissue miRNAs. In any case, if we assume that a cell-cell communication process has to occur, and that circulating miRNAs are delivered to recipient cells, we can derive useful information by performing target predictions. Interestingly, all of the mRNA targets of dysregulated miRNAs reported in the literature (i.e., miR-31-5p, miR-192, miR-194, miR-449a and miR-638) belong to several important biological processes, such as Wnt signaling, cell proliferation and differentiation, and adherens junction pathways. Although we think that these predictions have to be necessarily confirmed by “wet-lab” data, the miRNAs dysregulated during the development of CD could be potentially involved in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease and their correlation with circulating miRNAs offers new possibilities to use them as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Felli
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, V.le di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonella Baldassarre
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, V.le di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, V.le di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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