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AlJameel AH, Talakey AA, AlFarhan G, Qadoumi M, AlNowaiser N, AlShibani Y, AlMalki S. Perceived stress among dental students and the role of parental influence in career decision-making. J Dent Educ 2024; 88:910-916. [PMID: 38348920 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to assess perceived stress levels among dental students at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the influence of parental roles in their decision to pursue dentistry as a potential source of social stress. METHODS This cross-sectional study employed the validated Dental Environmental Stress (DES) Scale to evaluate perceived stress, and incorporated additional questions to fulfill the research aim. We approached all undergraduate dental students at King Saud University, both male and female, across all academic years, using online channels (such as emails, WhatsApp, Twitter, etc.) and hard copy distribution. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20, utilizing descriptive and correlation statistics. RESULTS A total of 326 students participated in the study, with an even distribution of male and female students. Female students reported higher levels of stress compared to their male counterparts across most DES domains. A notable correlation emerged between mean DES scores in certain domains and influence of parents in the decision to pursue dentistry. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that female dental students experience higher stress levels than males in all examined areas, barring social stressors. Furthermore, the study underscores the significant impact of parental involvement in choosing dentistry as a career on students' stress level.
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Affiliation(s)
- AlBandary H AlJameel
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa A Talakey
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majd Qadoumi
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah AlNowaiser
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara AlShibani
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan AlMalki
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Awawdeh M, Alosail LA, Alqahtani M, Almotairi A, Almikhem RN, Alahmadi RA, Aldughaither AA, Alamoud KA. Students' perception of the educational environment at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for health sciences using DREEM tool. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:42. [PMID: 38191423 PMCID: PMC10775488 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-05004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students' learning results are influenced by the educational environment. The best learning environment is created when students are involved in the evaluation process of their education. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students' perceptions of their learning environment at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Riyadh using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) instrument. METHODS This observational cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using the Arabic version of the DREEM tool. Students from six colleges at KSAU-HS Riyadh campus were asked to complete the questionnaire through emails. The study was carried out between November 2021 and April 2022. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were performed for DREEM as both a continuous (two-way ANOVA test) and categorical variable (Chi-squared and Monte-Carlo test). RESULTS A total of 370 students completed the questionnaire. The overall DREEM score for the study was 125.88/200, with a standard deviation of 58.79. SSP items received the highest scores, while SAP items earned the lowest scores. The college and the academic level showed statistically significant differences in the DREEM overall score and the five subscales, whereas gender showed no significant difference. The college of pharmacy scored the highest total DREEM score (140.35 ± 27.75), and scored higher among the five subscales than both colleges of dentistry (114.13 ± 29.74) and medicine (113.87 ± 33.03). Students in their third year had the greatest overall DREEM score (132.23 ± 29.76), and scored higher in SPL, SPA and SSP compared to students in their sixth year, in which the total DREEM score was (111.65 ± 27.58). CONCLUSIONS Students of KSAU-HS generally perceived the educational environment as having more positive than negative. The educational level and college differed significantly in the overall DREEM score and the five subscales. Junior students had better perception of the educational environment and they differed significantly in the SPL and SPA subscales. The faculty of pharmacy had higher scores in the overall DREEM and the five subsequent scales than colleges of dentistry and medicine. Further research is needed in order to optimize the educational environment by investigating different solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Awawdeh
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia.
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lama A Alosail
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram Alqahtani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah Almotairi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf N Almikhem
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf A Alahmadi
- King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aida A Aldughaither
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Family Medicine and Primary Health Care Department, Ministry of National Guard, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Alamoud
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
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Khanagar SB, Altuwayjiri RJ, Albarqy NM, Alzahrani GA, Alhusayni HA, Alsaif SY. Prevalence, Symptoms, and Triggering Factors of Panic Attacks among Dental Students in Riyadh Saudi Arabia-A Cross Sectional Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2971. [PMID: 37998463 PMCID: PMC10671099 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Panic disorder by definition is an anxiety disorder of unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear. Panic attacks are usually diagnosed by four or more of a set of symptoms that include palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, dizziness, and hot flushes. They usually interfere with daily life situations and also interfere with education. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of panic attacks, their symptoms, and triggering factors among dental students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from 394 students using a structured and validated questionnaire. The prevalence of panic attacks among dental students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, was 42.9%. Most of the participants who experienced higher episodes of panic attacks were females (53.4%) when compared to males (24.5%). Third year students displayed greater (58.3%) episodes of panic attacks compared to their respective counterparts. The most reported symptom of panic attacks was rapid or pounding heartbeat followed by breathlessness, chest pain, and shaking or trembling. It was also noted that most of the participants (63.31%) encountered a panic attack for the first time after joining dental school. The situations where dental students frequently experienced panic attacks were during exams, clinic procedures, giving presentations, and especially while under a lot of stress. The high occurrence of panic attacks among dental students highlights the importance of providing support programs and implementing preventive measures to help students, particularly those who are most susceptible to higher levels of these psychological conditions. Dental students experiencing panic attacks should be provided with necessary counseling sessions or psychiatric consultation in order to overcome such scenarios. Dental schools should consider these findings when planning the dental curriculum. Hence, the role of the faculty members is essential in these situations to provide support for the affected students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev B. Khanagar
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema Jamal Altuwayjiri
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (R.J.A.)
| | - Nadeen Mohammed Albarqy
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (R.J.A.)
| | - Ghida Ahmed Alzahrani
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (R.J.A.)
| | - Hibah Ali Alhusayni
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (R.J.A.)
| | - Sarah Yousef Alsaif
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (R.J.A.)
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Alqahtani SM, Chaturvedi S, Hezam AA, Alshahrani A, Alkhurays M, Al Moaleem MM, Alqhtani RAM, Asiri BMA, Zahir SEA. Prevalence of burnout and practice-related risk factors among Saudi Board dental residents using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A survey-based cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35528. [PMID: 37904410 PMCID: PMC10615512 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Occupational burnout is a chronic psychological problem affecting professionals. The aim of this study was to assess the types and categories of burnout among Saudi Dental board residents at different levels of residency in different provinces of Saudi Arabia, using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Questionnaires were sent to 170 Saudi Dental board residents via Email and WhatsApp. at various training centers in Saudi Arabia, in May 2022. A part of the questionnaire covered the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants such as gender, training level or center, number of working sessions or hours per week and day, dental speciality, and marital status. The second part consisted of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory survey with 21 questions. Only 110 participants returned the answered questions. The overall significant type of burnout was present in 46.3% of the respondents while 53.7%, were for free or minimal burnout. Personal, work-related, and patient-related burnout recorded 62%/38%; 40% to 60%, and 60%:40% for free or minimal to significant burnout. The overall burnout types of values were equal in both gender as well as training levels with no significant differences and P-values ≤ .05. Burnout values were close to each other among the participants in different specialties, except for orthodontics residents which were the least. Analysis of variance, followed by chi-square tests showed a significant difference among participants in different specialties in type and categories of burnout with P-values between .002 to .029. Finally, the burnout value was higher among married participants. Overall burnout types were marginally similar between genders and training levels, while the significant was slightly higher in females, married, highest training level, restorative, and prosthodontic speciality participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed M. Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Chaturvedi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Ali Hezam
- Saudi Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alshahrani
- Division of Endodontics, Khamis Mushait Dental Center, Ministry of Health, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alkhurays
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, Abha Dental Speciality Centre, Ministry of Health, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Al Moaleem
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ibn al-Nafis for Medical Sciences, Sana’a, Yemen
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Lupi SM. A Retrospect of the Special Issue "Second Edition of Innovative Solutions for Oral Healthcare". Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1952. [PMID: 37444786 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicine and oral health are constantly progressing through a series of small advancements that, together, lead to significant discoveries and breakthroughs [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Saturnino Marco Lupi
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Cayo-Rojas C, Córdova-Limaylla N, Ladera-Castañeda M, Briceño-Vergel G, López-Gurreonero C, Castro-Mena M, Cornejo-Pinto A, Agramonte-Rosell R, Cervantes-Ganoza L. Psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic in dental interns from the Peruvian capital: A cross-sectional study under a multivariable regression model. Front Public Health 2022; 10:996921. [PMID: 36620256 PMCID: PMC9811120 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.996921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Psychological distress can be considered a maladaptive response to a stressful situation that occurs when external events or stressors impose demands that cannot be coped with. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the sociodemographic factors associated with psychological distress in dental interns from the Peruvian capital facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods This analytical, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 392 Stomatology interns from the Peruvian capital from June to July 2022. The validated COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) scale to detect the levels of psychological distress consisted of four dimensions: negative mood, changes in behavior and cognitive skills, fatigue and hyperreactivity, and somatization. Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used for bivariable analysis. In addition, a logit model was used to assess the influence of variables: sex (X1), age group (X2), marital status (X3), monthly economic income (X4), working area in the capital city (X5), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (X6), with the psychological distress levels, considering a significance p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of psychological distress in dental interns was severe in 6.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9-8.8%] and mild in 37.8% (95% CI: 33.0-42.6%). According to bivariable analysis, the levels of psychological distress by COVID-19 were not significantly associated with sex (p = 0.190), age group (p = 0.418), marital status (p = 0.554), monthly economic income (p = 0.327), working area in the capital city (p = 0.993), and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 (p = 0.134). In addition, according to the logistic regression analysis, none of the variables studied was considered an influential factor (p > 0.05) in psychological distress presented by dental interns. Conclusion The 44.2% of dental interns from the Peruvian capital presented psychological distress facing the COVID-19 pandemic, without any of the possible associated variables of this study significantly affecting this behavioral disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Cayo-Rojas
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru,*Correspondence: César Cayo-Rojas
| | | | - Marysela Ladera-Castañeda
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Manuel Castro-Mena
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru
| | - Alberto Cornejo-Pinto
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Grupo de Investigación Salud y Bienestar Global, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
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Tokuc M, Alpkilic DS. Evaluation of anxiety-provoking situations related to clinical training in dental education. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:857-864. [PMID: 35051299 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to evaluate the situations that cause anxiety in clinical training and to discuss the precautions that can be taken to reduce clinical anxiety in dental education. MATERIALS AND METHODS This multi-centred survey-based study was created through Google Docs, and 3rd, 4th and 5th grade dental students were included. The students were asked to rate their reactions on a 4-point Likert scale "not anxious" to "very anxious" for 27 questions related to academics, communication and interaction, diagnosis, dental treatments, deficiencies and mistakes in the treatments. RESULTS 1332 students were reached, and 1320 students completed the questionnaire. Whilst extracting wrong tooth (3.53 ± 0.83), getting infected by patient (3.39 ± 0.85) and getting diagnosis wrong (3.31 ± 0.83) were identified as the 3 most anxiety-provoking situations, taking panoramic radiograph (1.48 ± 0.71) and communication with patients and dental assistants/nurses (1.76 ± 0.87; 1.64 ± 0.76) were identified as 3 situations that cause the least anxiety. Female students reported higher anxiety levels than male students in most of the questions (p < .05). A statistically significant difference was observed between the grades of the students (p < .05). 3rd grade students showed statistically higher anxiety levels than higher grades in 16 out of 27 questions. No statistical significance was observed according to the status of the university (p > .05). CONCLUSION Questions related to diagnosis, delivery of the dental treatments, deficiencies and mistakes in the treatments caused higher anxiety levels amongst dentistry students. As experience and time in the clinical training increase, the anxiety level of the students decreases. Orientation programmes and establishing an effective communication between grades are recommended. Also, gender-based solutions must be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Tokuc
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilara Seyma Alpkilic
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Alsaggaf AU, Bustani M, Abid M, Hakeem FF, Abed H. Burnout assessment among academic dental staff during COVID-19: Data from Arab countries. J Dent Educ 2022; 86:1468-1476. [PMID: 35781882 PMCID: PMC9349756 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose/objective This study aimed to identify factors that were associated with high burnout and investigate the prevalence of burnout among academic dental staff during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Method A cross‐sectional online survey was carried out among academic dentists who are working in multiple dental schools in Arab countries. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to assess participants’ work‐related burnout. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors that increase the risk of burnout among academic dentists. Results Of the 254 participants who took part in the study, 141 were males (55.5%). The average age of the participants in the study was 42.1 years (standard deviation = 10.0). The prevalence of burnout among participants was 44.9% (n = 114). Using a fully adjusted logistic regression model, age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.09, p = 0.008) and gender (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.31–0.94, p = 0.03) were significant variables associated with high overall burnout. Female individuals had a substantially reduced risk of experiencing high personal burnout than male participants (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32–0.98, p = 0.043) in the personal burnout subdomain. While in the patient's burnout subdomain, age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00–1.08, p = 0.048), type of speciality (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.02–5.83, p = 0.044), and teaching place (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.21–5.11, p = 0.013) were associated with higher burnout. Conclusion This study concluded that gender and age are characteristics that increase the risk of higher burnout among academic dentists during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa U Alsaggaf
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Bustani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mushriq Abid
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Faisal F Hakeem
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, AlMadinah AlMunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Abed
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Burnout and Its Relation to Emotion Dysregulation and Social Cognition among Female Interns and Undergraduate Dental Students at King Khalid University. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Burnout is a state of vital exhaustion that has a high global prevalence among dental professionals. Yet the early diagnosis of this syndrome is challenging due to its multidimensional nature. Aim: To assess burnout and its relation to emotional dysregulation and social cognition among undergraduate dental students. Methods: We mailed 148 self-administered questionnaires to all interns and undergraduate dental students belonging to the College of Dentistry’s female campus at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was designed comprising three measuring instruments of psychological inventories to assess work-related stress, namely, burnout (Copenhagen burnout inventory questionnaire (CBI)), emotional dysregulation (emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ)), and social cognition (interpersonal reactivity index (IRI)). We examined the difference in burnout between two cohorts (interns and undergraduates) using Student’s ‘t’ test and the association between emotional regulation/social cognition domains using Pearson’s correlation. Results: Among the participants, around 70% obtained higher scores than the cut-off points for personal and work-related domains in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in burnout domain between the two cohorts (p > 0.05; Cohen d < 0.3). A negative correlation existed between burnout and emotion regulation, i.e., higher burnout score is associated with lesser cognitive reappraisal and more expressive suppression (CBI—personal burnout r = −0.251; r = −0.220 respectively). Social cognitive scores had various associations among interns and undergraduates, with personal distress being significantly associated with greater burnout levels among both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study revealed significantly elevated burnout levels among both interns and undergraduate students. Emotional dysfunction and social cognition assessment can be a valuable adjunct in identifying this erosive syndrome. Early recognition and primordial prevention targeting burnout are strongly recommended.
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Mirza AA, Baarimah H, Baig M, Mirza AA, Halawani MA, Beyari GM, AlRaddadi KS, Alreefi M. Academic and non-academic life stressors and their impact on psychological wellbeing of medical students. AIMS Public Health 2021; 8:563-580. [PMID: 34786420 PMCID: PMC8568599 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2021046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Among medical students, depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) are key public wellbeing challenges that require epidemiological research. We aimed to evaluate potential sources of these psychological disturbances and assess the contribution of academic and non-academic life stressors in psychological morbidity among medical students. Methods This exploratory questionnaire-based survey was conducted in a Saudi Arabian public sector medical college. A total of 231 medical students were enrolled and completed the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire. Results More than half of the medical students, 129 (55.8%), had depression, 106 (45.9%) students had anxiety, and 87 (37.7%) students had stress. Academic achievement was the largest explanatory factor for depression and stress, whereas bodily appearance constituted the largest explanatory factor of anxiety among the study sample. Academic and non-academic stressors score was significantly associated with depression (adjusted Odds Ratio, aOR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.07–1.19), anxiety (aOR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.03–1.12), and stress (aOR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.08–1.17). Conclusions Medical students have a high incidence of negative emotional states. These negative psychological states were explained by academic achievement and bodily appearance. The studied stressors influenced medical students' psychological wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Mirza
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hammam Baarimah
- Psychiatrist, Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahim A Mirza
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghada M Beyari
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S AlRaddadi
- Department of Primary Health Care, National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin AbdulAziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Alreefi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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