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Koh GK, Ow Yong JQY, Lee ARYB, Ong BSY, Yau CE, Ho CSH, Goh YS. Social media use and its impact on adults' mental health and well-being: A scoping review. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2024; 21:345-394. [PMID: 38736207 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media use has grown in importance and prevalence, with its estimated number of users at 4.9 billion worldwide. Social media use research has revealed positive and negative impacts on users' mental health and well-being. However, such impacts among adults have not been examined in any reviews. METHODS A scoping review was conducted based on the framework by Arksey and O'Malley and reported based on the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Eight databases were searched from 2005 to December 2021. Articles were included after being reviewed by three independent teams, with discrepancies resolved through consensus with the senior author. Publication-related information (i.e., authors, year of publication, aims, study population, methodology, interventions, comparisons, outcome measures and key findings) were extracted from each study. Thematic analysis was conducted to answer the research questions. RESULTS Among the 114 eligible articles, young adults (69.6%) represented the main age group. Most studies (78.6%) focused on the negative impacts of social media use on mental health and well-being, with nearly a third (32.1%) assessing such impacts on depression. Notably, this scoping review found that more than three-quarters (78.6%) of the included studies revealed that excessive and passive social media use would increases depression, anxiety, mood and loneliness. Nevertheless, a third (33.0%) also reported positive impacts, where positive and purposeful use of social media contributes to improvements in mental health and well-being, such as increased perceived social support and enjoyment. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION This review has provided an overview of the existing knowledge on how social media use affects adults and identified areas of research that merit investigation in future studies. More attention should be given to maximizing the positive impacts of social media use on mental health and well-being among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghee Kian Koh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Jenna Qing Yun Ow Yong
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | | - Bernard Soon Yang Ong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Chun En Yau
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Cyrus Su Hui Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Yong Shian Goh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
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Zhang M, Yang X, Akintunde TY. Sex gaps and age differences in the structure of academic cyberloafing from early to middle adolescence: A network analysis. J Adolesc 2024; 96:1339-1353. [PMID: 38804189 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Academic cyberloafing refers to students' engagement in non-learning-related online activities during online courses, which can negatively affect their academic performance. Prior studies investigated cyberloafing primarily in the workplace, neglecting core behaviors and interactions among academic cyberloafing in educational contexts. AIMS This study employed network analysis to capture academic cyberloafing as an interactive behavior network to explore the core behavioral patterns of academic cyberloafing and the interactions between these behaviors. MATERIALS & METHODS A total of 3537 adolescents (Mage = 12.49; 53.7% boys and 46.3% girls) in China were included in this study. RESULTS The findings indicated that "seeking gossip news" and "watching short videos" are central behaviors. Among boys, "browsing nonacademic web pages" and "watching short videos" are central behaviors; "seeking gossip news" is the most central behavior among girls. Furthermore, in early adolescence, central behaviors encompass "chatting privately" and "seeking gossip news"; in middle adolescence, central behaviors include "seeking gossip news" and "watching short videos." Additionally, the comparisons indicated that academic cyberloafing networks (between boys and girls; between early and middle adolescence) show a similar structure and global strength but differ in specific academic cyberloafing associations. CONCLUSION As adolescents of different sexes and ages engage in academic cyberloafing differently, tailored education interventions can be implemented to address unregulated cyberloafing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiantong Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Zhang Z, Zhang L, Cui J. A study of the impact of risk perception on the pro-environmental behaviour of herders in the Sanjiangyuan region. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6788. [PMID: 38514745 PMCID: PMC10957992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to study the pro-environmental behaviour of herders in the Sanjiangyuan region, a significant ecological security barrier. This paper selected 212 herding households in the Sanjiangyuan area as research subjects by random sampling method. By establishing a multivariate ordered logistics model to study the impact of risk perception on herding households' pro-environmental behaviour and introducing capital endowment as a moderating variable to analyse the moderating effect of capital endowment on the relationship of herding households' risk perception-pro-environmental behaviour. The study results show that herders's risk perception significantly affects their pro-environmental behaviour, in which environmental risk perception, economic risk perception and disease risk perception positively affect their pro-environmental behaviour. Capital endowment has a moderating role in the relationship between risk perception and the pro-environmental behaviour of herding households. Accordingly, this paper proposes to strengthen publicity and education, encourage herders to join cooperatives, and improve the ability of risk perception and other countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongli Zhang
- College of Finance and Economics, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Lingshu Zhang
- College of Finance and Economics, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jina Cui
- College of Finance and Economics, Qinghai University, Xining, China.
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Larnyo E, Tettegah S, Griffin B, Nutakor JA, Preece N, Addai-Dansoh S, Dubon N, Liu S. Effect of social capital, social support and social network formation on the quality of life of American adults during COVID-19. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2647. [PMID: 38302613 PMCID: PMC10834438 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of social capital (SC), social support (SS), and social network formation (SNF) on the quality of life of American adults during COVID-19. Using a probability sample of American adults aged 49+, 2370 respondents were selected from the National Social Life Health and Aging Project (NSHAP) dataset for analysis using an integrated partial least squares based on structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM)-K-fold cross-validation approach. The analysis showed that social capital assessed using civic engagement, social cohesion, socioeconomic status (SES), social support, and social network formation were significantly and positively associated with American adults' quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the results showed that using the PLS-SEM and K-fold cross-validation approach produced a medium predictive power of the overall model, confirming the importance of SC, SS, and SNF in predicting quality of life-outcomes. These findings suggest that efforts to promote the well-being of American adults, especially older adults, during the pandemic should focus on strengthening social capital, social support and social network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Larnyo
- Center for Black Studies Research, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Sharon Tettegah
- Center for Black Studies Research, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Brianna Griffin
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jonathan Aseye Nutakor
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Natasha Preece
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Stephen Addai-Dansoh
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Natalia Dubon
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Senyuan Liu
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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Anto A, Asif RO, Basu A, Kanapathipillai D, Salam H, Selim R, Zaman J, Eisingerich AB. Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Anxiety Among University Students in the United Kingdom: Qualitative Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e43037. [PMID: 37327030 PMCID: PMC10337317 DOI: 10.2196/43037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid surge in social media platforms has significant implications for users' mental health, particularly anxiety. In the case of social media, the impact on mental well-being has been highlighted by multiple stakeholders as a cause for concern. However, there has been limited research into how the association between social media and anxiety arises, specifically among university students-the generation that has seen the introduction and evolution of social media, and currently lives through the medium. Extant systematic literature reviews within this area of research have not yet focused on university students or anxiety, rather predominantly investigating adolescents or generalized mental health symptoms and disorders. Furthermore, there is little to no qualitative data exploring the association between social media and anxiety among university students. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review of the existing literature and a qualitative study that aims to develop foundational knowledge around the association of social media and anxiety among university students and enhance extant knowledge and theory. METHODS A total of 29 semistructured interviews were conducted, comprising 19 male students (65.5%) and 10 female students (34.5%) with a mean age of 21.5 years. All students were undergraduates from 6 universities across the United Kingdom, with most students studying in London (89.7%). Participants were enrolled through a homogenous purposive sampling technique via social media channels, word of mouth, and university faculties. Recruitment was suspended at the point of data saturation. Participants were eligible for the study if they were university students in the United Kingdom and users of social media. RESULTS Thematic analysis resulted in 8 second-order themes: 3 mediating factors that decrease anxiety levels and 5 factors that increase anxiety levels. Social media decreased anxiety through positive experiences, social connectivity, and escapism. Social media increased anxiety through stress, comparison, fear of missing out, negative experiences, and procrastination. CONCLUSIONS This qualitative study sheds critical light on how university students perceive how social media affects their anxiety levels. Students revealed that social media did impact their anxiety levels and considered it an important factor in their mental health. Thus, it is essential to educate stakeholders, including students, university counselors, and health care professionals, about the potential impact of social media on students' anxiety levels. Since anxiety is a multifactorial condition, pinpointing the main stressors in a person's life, such as social media use, may help manage these patients more effectively. The current research highlights that there are also many benefits to social media, and uncovering these may help in producing more holistic management plans for anxiety, reflective of the students' social media usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Anto
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rafey Omar Asif
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arunima Basu
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Haadi Salam
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rania Selim
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jahed Zaman
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Gjoneska B, Potenza MN, Jones J, Sales CM, Hranov G, Demetrovics Z. Problematic use of the Internet in low- and middle-income countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022; 48:101208. [PMID: 35919788 PMCID: PMC9334935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
People from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) represent large portions of the world population, often occupy less favorable living conditions, and typically suffer greater health risks, yet frequently receive little research and global health attention. The present study reviews emerging evidence on problematic use of the Internet (PUI) in LMICs prior/during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyzed studies mainly focused on general properties of PUI in university students, problematic gaming in youth, or problematic use of social media in adults, registering higher prevalence estimates, as compared with earlier reports. Research mainly focused on initially affected regions and COVID-exposed populations. Overall, unfavorable circumstances, including poor social support, family relationships, and lifestyle tendencies/habits, may present potential risk for PUI in LMICs, likely exacerbated during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Gjoneska
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
- Connecticut Mental Health Centre, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, United States
| | - Julia Jones
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Célia Md Sales
- Centre for Psychology, University of Porto, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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