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Zewdu E, Daniel L, Derso T, Ferede YM. Level of malnutrition and associated factors among community-dwelling rural older adults in Fogera Zuriya district, Northwest Ethiopia. Nutrition 2023; 113:112085. [PMID: 37343390 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Malnutrition is very common among older adults. In rural Ethiopia, around 25% of women and 34% of men ≥65 y of age are malnourished. However, the risk factors for malnutrition among older adults in rural areas are not well understood. The aim of this study was to assess the level of malnutrition and associated factors among community-dwelling rural older adults in Fogera Zuriya district, Northwest Ethiopia. MATERIALS This was a community-based, cross-sectional study among randomly selected (N = 634) adults ≥65 y of age in Fogera Zuriya rural district. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. A pretested full Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool was used to classify as malnourished (MNA score <17), at risk for malnutrition (MNA score 17-23.5), or otherwise normal. A validated Geriatric Depression Scale form (15 items) was used to assess depression. Ordinal logistic regression was employed to identify factors of malnutrition and the PLUM procedure was used to produce an odds ratio (OR). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant with the dependent variable. Both crude and adjusted ORs (COR and AOR, respectively) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval were computed. RESULTS This study included 634 older adults. According to the results of the study, the risk for malnutrition was 383 (60%), and being malnourished was 166 (268%). The following factors were significantly associated with the risk for malnutrition and malnutrition: • Age ≥85 y (AOR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.270-9.465); • Skipping two meals daily (AOR, 6.36; 95% CI, 2.11-19.16); • Skipping 1 meal a day (AOR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.82-5.12); • Having a poor appetite (AOR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.50-15.36); • Being depressed (AOR, 4.04; 95% CI, 2.37-6.89); • Low physical activity (AOR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.50-9.72); • Family size of three of less members (AOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.14-3.24); and • Low dietary diversity score (AOR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.11-3.31) CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the prevalence of malnourished (26%) was almost higher than the national average in Ethiopia (21%). Older age, skipping a meal, poor appetite, depression, low physical activity, and low dietary diversity score were factors significantly associated with the risk for malnutrition and malnutrition. Along with this, improving diet and exercise should be a top priority. Maintaining continuing psychological support, social support, and a balanced family size within the community should be additional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endeshaw Zewdu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Lemlem Daniel
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Terefe Derso
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Mulu Ferede
- Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
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Denniss E, Lindberg R, McNaughton SA. Quality and accuracy of online nutrition-related information: a systematic review of content analysis studies. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1345-1357. [PMID: 37138366 PMCID: PMC10346027 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to summarise the level of quality and accuracy of nutrition-related information on websites and social media and determine if quality and accuracy varied between websites and social media or publishers of information. DESIGN This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021224277). CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health and Academic Search Complete were systematically searched on 15 January 2021 to identify content analysis studies, published in English after 1989, that evaluated the quality and/or accuracy of nutrition-related information published on websites or social media. A coding framework was used to classify studies' findings about information quality and/or accuracy as poor, good, moderate or varied. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. SETTING N/A. PARTICIPANTS N/A. RESULTS From 10 482 articles retrieved, sixty-four were included. Most studies evaluated information from websites (n 53, 82·8 %). Similar numbers of studies assessed quality (n 41, 64·1 %) and accuracy (n 47, 73·4 %). Almost half of the studies reported that quality (n 20, 48·8 %) or accuracy (n 23, 48·9 %) was low. Quality and accuracy of information were similar on social media and websites, however, varied between information publishers. High risk of bias in sample selection and quality or accuracy evaluations was a common limitation. CONCLUSION Online nutrition-related information is often inaccurate and of low quality. Consumers seeking information online are at risk of being misinformed. More action is needed to improve the public's eHealth and media literacy and the reliability of online nutrition-related information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Denniss
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lindberg
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
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Zhang N, Zhang Y, Zou Y, Kan Y, Pang J. The impact of spouse health on social participation of older adults in China: Evidence from the CLHLS. J Affect Disord 2023; 324:46-52. [PMID: 36566939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND China is dealing with a serious aging issue. Social participation is essential for active aging. The health status of spouses is intertwined with the trajectory of the social function of the elderly. OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between spouse health and social participation among older Chinese adults. The study also explored the mediating role of loneliness and anxiety between spousal health and social participation. METHODS The analytic sample included 6125 adults aged 60 years and above. Prospective data were obtained from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). First, we described basic socio-demographic information about the sample. Secondly, Spearman's correlation analysis was used to determine whether correlations existed between spousal health, loneliness, anxiety, and social participation. Finally, mediation analysis was run using the SPSS macro PROCESS program. RESULTS Spousal health, loneliness, anxiety, and social participation were significantly correlated (P < 0.01). Spousal health could not only have a direct positive impact on social participation in older adults (β = 0.239, 95 % CI: 0.120, 0.359), but also indirectly on social participation through three pathways: an independent mediating effect of loneliness (β = 0.020, 95 % CI: 0.009, 0.034), an independent mediating effect of anxiety (β = 0.018, 95%CI: 0.009, 0.032), and a chain mediating effect of loneliness and anxiety (β = 0.004, 95%CI: 0.002, 0.007). CONCLUSION This study suggests paying more attention to elderly couples and decreasing the negative consequences of changes in spousal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Yan Zou
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Yinshi Kan
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Juan Pang
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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E Y, Yang J, Niu L, Lu C. The impact of internet use on health status among older adults in China: The mediating role of social support. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1108096. [PMID: 36908418 PMCID: PMC9992883 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1108096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the popularization of the Internet, the use of the Internet is becoming more and more important in the daily life of older adults. However, previous research mainly focuses on Internet use and health in general, and the mechanism of this effect remains to be studied. To bridge this gap, this study aims to explore the mediational effects of social support between Internet use and health among older adults in China. Methods The data used in this article are from the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). Social support is divided into two aspects and four dimensions: informal social support (relatives support, friends support, neighbors support) and formal social support (social insurance). This article uses the nested multivariate OLS regression models to analyze the impact of Internet use on health. Furthermore, Finally, SPSS macro PROCESS is applied to test their mediation effects. Results Informal social support positively influenced the health status among older adults, while formal social support did not. Among the three types of informal social support, relatives support and friends support significantly affected health status among Chinese older adults. Regarding social support differences between urban and rural areas, it was found that relatives support is a positively significant factor for rural older adults, while friends support is significant for urban older adults. Conclusions Since Internet use has many ways of impacting health status, social support only plays a partial mediating role in this study. It recommends that the government should take compelling measures to encourage and promote the use of the Internet among older adults and obtain various social support to improve their health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting E
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianke Yang
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Long Niu
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunli Lu
- School of Normal Education, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, China
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Nithichanon A, Kewcharoenwong C, Da-oh H, Surajinda S, Khongmee A, Koosakunwat S, Wren BW, Stabler RA, Brown JS, Lertmemongkolchai G. Acinetobacter nosocomialis Causes as Severe Disease as Acinetobacter baumannii in Northeast Thailand: Underestimated Role of A. nosocomialis in Infection. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0283622. [PMID: 36227120 PMCID: PMC9769887 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02836-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections by Acinetobacter species are recognized as a serious global threat due to causing severe disease and their high levels of antibiotic resistance. Acinetobacter baumannii is the most prevalent pathogen in the genus, but infection by Acinetobacter nosocomialis has been reported widely. Diagnosis of patients with A. baumannii infection is often misdiagnosed with other Acinetobacter species, especially A. nosocomialis. This study investigated whether there were significant differences in clinical outcomes between patients infected with A. baumannii versus A. nosocomialis in Northeast Thailand, and to characterize serological responses to infection with these pathogens. The results show that A. baumannii had higher levels of multidrug resistance. Despite this, clinical outcomes for infection with A. baumannii or A. nosocomialis were similar with mortalities of 33% and 36%, respectively. Both pathogens caused community-acquired infections (A. baumannii 35% and A. nosocomialis 29% of cases). Plasma from uninfected healthy controls contained IgG antibody that recognized both organisms, and infected patients did not show a significantly enhanced antibody response from the first week versus 2 weeks later. Finally, the patterns of antigen recognition for plasma IgG were similar for patients infected with A. baumannii or A. nosocomialis infection, and distinct to the pattern for patients infected with non-Acinetobacter. In conclusion, our data revealed that infection with A. nosocomialis was associated with a similarly high level of mortality as infection with A. baumannii, the high rate of community-acquired infection and antibodies in uninfected individuals suggesting that there is significant community exposure to both pathogens. IMPORTANCE Bacterial infections by Acinetobacter species are global threats due to their severity and high levels of antibiotic resistance. A. baumannii is the most common pathogen in the genus; however, infection by A. nosocomialis has also been widely reported but is thought to be less severe. In this study, we have prospectively investigated 48 reported cases of A. baumannii infection in Northeast Thailand, and characterized the serological responses to infection. We found that 14 (29%) of these infections were actually caused by A. nosocomialis. Furthermore, the incidence of antibiotic resistance among A. nosocomialis strains, APACHE II scores, and mortality for patients infected with A. nosocomialis were much higher than published data. Both A. baumannii and A. nosocomialis had unexpectedly mortality rates of over 30%, and both pathogens caused a high rate of community-acquired infections. Importantly, background antibodies in uninfected individuals suggest significant community exposure to both pathogens in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnone Nithichanon
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chidchamai Kewcharoenwong
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hudadini Da-oh
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirithorn Surajinda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Aranya Khongmee
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Brendan W. Wren
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Disease, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A. Stabler
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Infectious and Tropical Disease, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy S. Brown
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Hussein S, Kantawalla RF, Dickie S, Suarez-Durall P, Enciso R, Mulligan R. Association of Oral Health and Mini Nutritional Assessment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-analyses. J Prosthodont Res 2022; 66:208-220. [PMID: 34261845 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether poor oral health is associated with a higher risk of malnutrition based on the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) or MNA-SF (short form) in older adults. STUDY SELECTION For this meta-analysis, cohort and cross-sectional studies with adults 65 years and older, reporting oral health outcomes (i.e. edentulism, number of teeth) and either the MNA or MNA-SF were selected. Four electronic databases were searched (Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and EMBASE) through June 2020. Risk of bias was assessed with the checklist by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality scale. RESULTS A total of 928 abstracts were reviewed with 33 studies, comprising 27,559 participants, aged ≥65 being ultimately included. Meta-analyses showed that the lack of daily oral hygiene (teeth or denture cleaning), chewing problems and being partially/fully edentulous, put older adults at higher risk of malnutrition (p<0.05). After adjustment for socio-demographic variables, the included studies reported lack of autonomy for oral care, poor/moderate oral health, no access to the dentist and being edentulous with either no dentures or only one denture were risk factors significantly associated with a higher risk of malnutrition (p<0.05). CONCLUSION These findings may imply that once elders become dependent on others for assistance with oral care, have decreased access to oral healthcare, and lack efficient chewing capacity, there is increased risk of malnourishment. Limitations of the study include heterogeneity of oral health variables and the observational nature of the studies. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Hussein
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rifat Falak Kantawalla
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephenie Dickie
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Piedad Suarez-Durall
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Reyes Enciso
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Roseann Mulligan
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA
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Empathy as a Factor Conditioning Attitudes towards the Elderly among Physiotherapists-Results from Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073994. [PMID: 35409677 PMCID: PMC8998115 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Attitudes of healthcare workers towards the elderly significantly affect the quality of care dedicated to this group of patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the approach of Polish physiotherapists to the elderly and to analyze the factors influencing these attitudes. The study was based on a cross-sectional Internet-based survey that was conducted in the period from May to September 2021. It was completed by 252 subjects: 189 women and 63 men. The study was based on the involvement of physiotherapists with the right to practice their profession in accordance with the law in force in Poland. The tools used in the study were The Kogan Attitudes towards the Elderly (KAOP) score and The Jefferson Empathy Scale (JSE). To model the KOAP score as a function of the predictors, Bayesian linear regression was used. The average KOAP score in the sample was M (SD) = 100.7 (17.46), with the central 50% of the observations ranging from 81 to 113 points. We observed one statistically credible relationship: relevance of contacts with elderly people was positively and moderately related to KOAP. Additionally, we observed that the JSE scale was positively, but very weakly, associated with KOAP. Empathy and own experience of health care providers may protect against negative attitudes towards the elderly, meaning empathy in healthcare professionals is crucial.
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de Sire A, Ferrillo M, Lippi L, Agostini F, de Sire R, Ferrara PE, Raguso G, Riso S, Roccuzzo A, Ronconi G, Invernizzi M, Migliario M. Sarcopenic Dysphagia, Malnutrition, and Oral Frailty in Elderly: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050982. [PMID: 35267957 PMCID: PMC8912303 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a highly prevalent condition in the elderly that has been increasingly considered as a crucial public health issue, due to the strict correlation with a higher risk of fragility fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. Among the age-related diseases, sarcopenia and dysphagia are two common pathological conditions in frail older people and could coexist leading to dehydration and malnutrition in these subjects. “Sarcopenic dysphagia” is a complex condition characterized by deglutition impairment due to the loss of mass and strength of swallowing muscles and might be also related to poor oral health status. Moreover, the aging process is strictly related to poor oral health status due to direct impairment of the immune system and wound healing and physical and cognitive impairment might indirectly influence older people’s ability to carry out adequate oral hygiene. Therefore, poor oral health might affect nutrient intake, leading to malnutrition and, consequently, to frailty. In this scenario, sarcopenia, dysphagia, and oral health are closely linked sharing common pathophysiological pathways, disabling sequelae, and frailty. Thus, the aim of the present comprehensive review is to describe the correlation among sarcopenic dysphagia, malnutrition, and oral frailty, characterizing their phenotypically overlapping features, to propose a comprehensive and effective management of elderly frail subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.d.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Martina Ferrillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.d.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Lorenzo Lippi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.L.); (M.I.)
| | - Francesco Agostini
- Department of Anatomical and Histological Sciences, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberto de Sire
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Paola Emilia Ferrara
- University Polyclinic Foundation Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.E.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Raguso
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Sergio Riso
- Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gianpaolo Ronconi
- University Polyclinic Foundation Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (P.E.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Marco Invernizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.L.); (M.I.)
- Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mario Migliario
- Dental Clinic, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
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Pefile N, Fodo B, Amosun S. Exploration of service centres for older persons in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2022; 78:1567. [PMID: 35169651 PMCID: PMC8832025 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v78i1.1567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Method Results Conclusion Clinical implications
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Affiliation(s)
- Ntsikelelo Pefile
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bomkazi Fodo
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Seyi Amosun
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
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Wu W, Xu W, Englund S, Shang Y, Pan KY, Rizzuto D. Can health behaviours prolong survival and compress the period of survival with the disability? A population-based cohort study. Age Ageing 2021; 50:480-487. [PMID: 32706849 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether and to what extent health behaviours may prolong survival and compress the period of survival with disability. OBJECTIVE To identify modifiable health behaviours that are associated with later disability onset and longer disability-free survival. DESIGN This population-based cohort study used data from the Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) ranging between 2001 and 2016. SETTING AND SUBJECTS A total of 3,041 disability-free adults aged ≥60 years were followed up to 15 years. METHODS Data on health behaviours were collected at baseline. Information on limitations in activities of daily living was obtained at baseline and during the follow-up. Laplace regression was used to model the median age at death and disability occurrence as a function of health behaviours. RESULTS Never smoking, moderate alcohol drinking, rich social network and high leisure activity were individually related to longer survival by 1-3 years. Participants with high leisure activity lived 1.6 years (95% CI: 0.9-2.3) more without a disability. After combining lifestyle factors, social network, and leisure activities into a 4-level 'health behaviour profile', people with the healthiest behaviour profile lived 2.8 years (95% CI: 1.3-4.2) longer, had disability 3.5 years (95% CI: 1.7-5.3) later and lived 0.7 years (95% CI, 0.4-1.1) more without a disability compared to those with the least healthy behaviours profile. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that health behaviours could prolong the lifespan, and leisure activities may further compress years lived with disability among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weili Xu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Englund
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ying Shang
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kuan-Yu Pan
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Identification of determinants of healthy ageing in Italy: results from the national survey IDAGIT. AGEING & SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x20001671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Healthy ageing is a public health problem globally. In Europe, the dependency ratio of the elderly is expected to increase by 21.6 per cent to 51.2 per cent in 2070. The World Health Organization (WHO) study on healthy ageing started in 2002 as a concept whereby all people of all ages should be able to live in a healthy, safe and socially inclusive way. The aim of this study is to present preliminary results of the project Identification of Determinants of Healthy Ageing in Italy (IDAGIT) that aimed to collect data on the active and healthy ageing of the Italian population aged over 18 using the conceptual framework of the WHO's ageing model. To link the determinants of the IDAGIT studies to those of the WHO model, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis which reported these variables as significant (in order of factor loading): smoking, cognition score, comorbidity, outdoor built environment, participation, working expertise and income. Considering comorbidity, 83.8 per cent of the sample declared not having any chronic diseases or to have only one, and regarding neurological diseases, only nine people had received a diagnosis of stroke. Regarding gender, the personal determinants and physical and social environments did not result in statistically significant differences, whereas we found statistical differences between the aged groups in all variables analysed. These results provide a first bio-psycho-social perspective on ageing in the Italian population.
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Amosun SL, Doyle-Baker PK. What can Sub-Saharan Africa learn from Canada's investment in active healthy ageing? A narrative view. Malawi Med J 2019; 31:95-98. [PMID: 31143404 PMCID: PMC6526340 DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v31i1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of older persons in Sub-Saharan Africa is increasing. Aims What can Sub-Saharan Africa learn from other countries that may enhance the health and wellness of older persons? Canada was conveniently selected as the country which has endorsed the need for action on active ageing, given that by 2026, 1 in every 5 Canadians will have reached the age of 65 years and 4% of the overall population will be 85 years and older. Methods English language electronic searches of computerized databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsychINFO) were done to locate relevant published studies on Canada, from January 2000 to August 2014. Keyword combination included: physical activity/activities, exercise/s, older person/s, elderly, ageing adults, seniors, and older people. Results 8 out of 400 plus articles were reviewed, and 4 key approaches in ensuring active ageing in Canada were identified. From these, 5 public health-oriented plans are recommended for Sub-Saharan Africa: (1) there should be a shift in the conceptualisation of what physical activity entails, (2) it is necessary to build and strengthen collaboration between various stakeholders involved in planning, (3) raising awareness among older persons and the general population on the benefits in participating in physical activity, (4) encourage older persons to participate in culturally relevant physical activity, and (5) laying a better foundation for future generations of older persons. Conclusion Though more elaborate planning is required, these recommended plans will contribute to achieving average life expectancy beyond 60 years in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyi Ladele Amosun
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Georgousopoulou EN, Panagiotakos DB, Mellor DD, Naumovski N. Tocotrienols, health and ageing: A systematic review. Maturitas 2016; 95:55-60. [PMID: 27889054 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A systematic review of studies was undertaken to evaluate the potential effect of intake of tocotrienols or circulating levels of tocotrienols on parameters associated with successful ageing, specifically in relation to cognitive function, osteoporosis and DNA damage. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines a systematic review of epidemiological observational studies and clinical trials was undertaken. Inclusion criteria included all English language publications in the databases PubMed and Scopus, through to the end of July 2016. RESULTS Evidence from prospective and case-control studies suggested that increased blood levels of tocotrienols were associated with favorable cognitive function outcomes. A clinical trial of tocotrienol supplementation for 6 months suggested a beneficial effect of intake on DNA damage rates, but only in elderly people. Regarding osteoporosis, only in vitro studies with cultures of human bone cells were identified, and these demonstrated significant inhibition of osteoclast activity and promotion of osteoblast activity. CONCLUSIONS Research in middle-aged and elderly humans suggests that tocotrienols have a potential beneficial anti-ageing action with respect to cognitive impairment and DNA damage. Clinical trials are required to elucidate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekavi N Georgousopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; University of Canberra, Faculty of Health, Canberra, Australia
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
| | - Duane D Mellor
- University of Canberra, Faculty of Health, Canberra, Australia
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- University of Canberra, Faculty of Health, Canberra, Australia
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