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Qiu Z, Zheng T, Dai Q, Chen J. Sulfide and arsenic compounds removal from liquid digestate by ferric coagulation and toxicity evaluation. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1613-1623. [PMID: 31188516 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The liquid digestate has been regarded as a potential organic fertilizer for its benefit in nutrients recovery. However, the potential risk of hazardous substances remaining in the wastewater was still one of the main obstacles for the wastewater application in the circular agriculture. The pretreatment is important to remove pollutants with relatively satisfied results. Ferric coagulation was a feasible way to simultaneously remove various contaminants in the wastewater with few residuals of ferric ions under alkaline and neutral conditions. In special, it could reduce the residues of sulfide and arsenic compounds. We gained insights into the mechanism of ferric coagulation in removing sulfide and arsenic compounds. Redox reaction and precipitation were the reasons resulting in removing sulfide. The formation of precipitate by combining with iron(III) contributes to the removal of arsenic compounds. Toxicity tests using Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella pyrenoidosa showed an obvious reduction of toxicity for the liquid digestate after ferric coagulation. Besides, ferric coagulation could efficiently remove turbidity, reduce COD, and eliminate dissolved organic matters correlated with the fate of heavy metal and antibiotics. Therefore, this paper could give basic data and technique supports for the secure utilization and pollution control of liquid digestate. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Most sulfide and arsenic compounds were removed by 0.01 M ferric coagulation. Mechanisms on removing hazardous substances by ferric coagulation were discussed based on analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FTIR. The evaluation by two algae showed the toxicity of liquid digestate could be reduced obviously after ferric coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglian Qiu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianxiang Zheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qizhou Dai
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmeng Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Sonne C, Ok YS, Dietz R, Alstrup AKO. Pig slurry needs modifications to be a sustainable fertilizer in crop production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108718. [PMID: 31520831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pig slurry from modern high-technological farms contain copper and zinc, which is under suspicion of being co-factors in the development of antibiotic resistance. In addition, these two elements contaminate the surrounding environment when spread in large quantities. Therefore, biogas plants and biomembranes should be used to remove hazardous substances such as copper, zink, antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria before pig slurry is used as a fertilizer in crop production. That would allow recycling of phosphorous in a way that only to a limited extent affect the health of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Rune Dietz
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Aage K O Alstrup
- Aarhus University, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Tigini V, Franchino M, Bona F, Varese GC. Is digestate safe? A study on its ecotoxicity and environmental risk on a pig manure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 551-552:127-132. [PMID: 26874769 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Digestate represents a precious by-product in particular in agriculture, however its impact on the environment and human health is still unexplored. In this work, the toxicity of a pig slurry digestate was assessed through 7 ecotoxicity tests and considering 10 different endpoints. Besides, a synthetic index was applied to the outputs of the battery of tests for the environmental risk assessment, in order to evaluate the opportunity to use directly this kind of digestate in agriculture or to introduce an additional treatment. All the organisms were sensitive to digestate toxicity (EC50 ranged from 14.22% for Cucumissativus to 0.77% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). The physical-chemical features at the base of this toxicity seem to be the high content of ammonium, salinity, COD, phosphate and colour. The synthetic index showed that the digestate was very toxic and associated to an extremely high environmental risk. Thus, a pre-treatment is needed to reduce its toxicity and environmental impact, whatever could be its exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Tigini
- Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, viale Mattioli, 25, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Marta Franchino
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecosystems, Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, via Accademia Albertina, 13, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bona
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecosystems, Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, via Accademia Albertina, 13, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cristina Varese
- Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, Department of Life Sciences and System Biology, University of Turin, viale Mattioli, 25, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Alvarenga P, Mourinha C, Farto M, Palma P, Sengo J, Morais MC, Cunha-Queda C. Ecotoxicological assessment of the potential impact on soil porewater, surface and groundwater from the use of organic wastes as soil amendments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 126:102-110. [PMID: 26741879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the potential impact on soil porewater, surface and groundwater from the beneficial application of organic wastes to soil, using their eluates and acute bioassays with aquatic organisms and plants: luminescence inhibition of Vibrio fischeri (15 and 30 min), Daphnia magna immobilization (48 h), Thamnocephalus platyurus survival (24 h), and seed germination of Lolium perenne (7 d) and Lactuca sativa (5 d). Some organic wastes' eluates promoted high toxic responses, but that toxicity could not be predicted by their chemical characterization, which is compulsory by regulatory documents. In fact, when organisms were exposed to the water-extractable chemical compounds of the organic wastes, the toxic responses were more connected to the degree of stabilization of the organic wastes, or to the treatment used to achieve that stabilization, than to their contaminant load. That is why the environmental risk assessment of the use of organic wastes as soil amendments should integrate bioassays with eluates, in order to correctly evaluate the effects of the most bioavailable fraction of all the chemical compounds, which can be difficult to predict from the characterization required in regulatory documents. According to our results, some rapid and standardized acute bioassays can be suggested to integrate a Tier 1 ecotoxicological evaluation of organic wastes with potential to be land applied, namely luminescence inhibition of V. fischeri, D. magna immobilization, and the germination of L. perenne and L. sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alvarenga
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares S/N, Apartado 6155, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; LEAF - Centro de Investigação em Agronomia, Alimentos, Ambiente e Paisagem, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Clarisse Mourinha
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares S/N, Apartado 6155, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Márcia Farto
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares S/N, Apartado 6155, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Palma
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, Rua Pedro Soares S/N, Apartado 6155, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; CIMA-Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, CIMA, FCT, Edifício 7, Piso 1, Universidade do Algarve, Campus Universitário de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Joana Sengo
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marie-Christine Morais
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cunha-Queda
- LEAF - Centro de Investigação em Agronomia, Alimentos, Ambiente e Paisagem, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
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He R, Tian BH, Zhang QQ, Zhang HT. Effect of Fenton oxidation on biodegradability, biotoxicity and dissolved organic matter distribution of concentrated landfill leachate derived from a membrane process. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 38:232-239. [PMID: 25660905 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of concentrated landfill leachate from membrane process is a troublesome issue due to high concentrations of biorecalcitrant pollutants. In this study, the effect of Fenton process on dissolved organic matter (DOM) distribution (i.e. humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and hydrophilic fraction (HyI)), chemical forms of toxic organic compounds and metals, and their biotoxicity were investigated. In the concentrated leachate, toluene, ethylbenzene and chlorobenzene predominated in the HyI fraction, while phthalate esters (PAEs) were mainly absorbed on the HA and FA fractions. PAEs were more readily removed from the HA and FA fractions than that from the HyI fraction in the Fenton process. The complexing abilities of DOM varied with types of metal in the concentrated leachate. The biotoxicities of the DOM fractions to luminescent bacteria (Photobacterium phosphoreum T3 mutation) were HA > FA > - HyI. The biotoxicities of the hydrophobic organic contaminants to luminescent bacteria were not obvious in the concentrated leachate due to their low concentrations. Metals might be the main contributor to the biotoxicity to luminous bacteria in the concentrated leachate. These results indicated that Fenton process could influence the pollutants distribution in DOM and their biotoxicities through the breakdown of HA and FA in the concentrated leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo He
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Bao-Hu Tian
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi-Qi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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