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Kaimal A, Hooversmith JM, Mansi MHA, Holmes PV, MohanKumar PS, MohanKumar SMJ. Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A and/or Diethylhexyl Phthalate Impacts Brain Monoamine Levels in Rat Offspring. J Xenobiot 2024; 14:1036-1050. [PMID: 39189173 DOI: 10.3390/jox14030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examines the sex-specific effects of gestational exposure (days 6-21) to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), or their combination on brain monoamine levels that play an important role in regulating behavior. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered saline, low doses (5 µg/kg BW/day) of BPA or DEHP, and their combination or a high dose (7.5 mg/kg BW/day) of DEHP alone or in combination with BPA during pregnancy. The offspring were subjected to a behavioral test and sacrificed in adulthood, and the brains were analyzed for neurotransmitter levels. In the paraventricular nucleus, there was a marked reduction in dopamine levels (p < 0.01) in male offspring from the BPA, DEHP, and B + D (HD) groups, which correlated well with their shock probe defensive burying times. Neurotransmitter changes in all brain regions examined were significant in female offspring, with DEHP (HD) females being affected the most, followed by the B + D groups. BPA and/or DEHP (LD) increased monoamine turnover in a region-specific manner in male offspring (p < 0.05). Overall, prenatal exposure to BPA, DEHP, or their combination alters monoamine levels in a brain region-specific, sex-specific, and dose-dependent manner, which could have implications for their behavioral and neuroendocrine effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Kaimal
- Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Division, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jessica M Hooversmith
- Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Division, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Maryam H Al Mansi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Philip V Holmes
- Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Division, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Puliyur S MohanKumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sheba M J MohanKumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Khalifa M, Fayed RH, Ahmed YH, Sedik AA, El-Dydamony NM, Khalil HMA. Mitigating effect of ferulic acid on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced neurocognitive dysfunction in male rats with a comprehensive in silico survey. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3493-3512. [PMID: 37966574 PMCID: PMC11074231 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most abundant phthalate threatening public health-induced neurotoxicity. This neurotoxicity is associated with behavioral and biochemical deficits in male rats. Our study investigated the neuroprotective effect of ferulic acid (FA) on male rats exposed to DEHP. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups. Group I control rats received corn oil, group II intoxicated rats received 300 mg/kg of DEHP, group III received 300 mg/kg of DEHP + 50 mg/kg of FA, and group IV received 50 mg/kg of FA, all agents administrated daily per os for 30 days. Anxiety-like behavior, spatial working memory, and recognition memory were assessed. Also, brain oxidative stress biomarkers, including brain malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured. Moreover, brain histopathology examinations associated with immunohistochemistry determination of brain caspase-3 were also evaluated. Furthermore, docking simulation was adapted to understand the inhibitory role of FA on caspase-3 and NO synthase. Compared to DEHP-intoxicated rats, FA-treated rats displayed improved cognitive memory associated with a reduced anxious state. Also, the redox state was maintained with increased BNDF levels. These changes were confirmed by restoring the normal architecture of brain tissue and a decrement in the immunohistochemistry caspase-3. In conclusion, FA has potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties that confirm the neuroprotective activity of FA, with a possible prospect for its therapeutic capabilities and nutritional supplement value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhasen Khalifa
- Veterinary Hygiene and Management Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Rabie H Fayed
- Veterinary Hygiene and Management Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Sedik
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Nehad M El-Dydamony
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6Th of October City, 12585, Egypt
| | - Heba M A Khalil
- Veterinary Hygiene and Management Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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Jiang Q, Wan Y, Zhu K, Wang H, Feng Y, Xiang Z, Liu R, Zhao S, Zhu Y, Song R. Association of exposure to phthalates and phthalate alternatives with dyslexia in Chinese primary school children. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28392-28403. [PMID: 38538993 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown associations between children's exposure to phthalates and neurodevelopmental disorders. Whereas the impact of exposure to phthalate alternatives is understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the association of exposure to phthalates/their alternatives with the risk of dyslexia. We recruited 745 children (355 dyslexia and 390 non-dyslexia) via the Tongji Reading Environment and Dyslexia Research Project, and their urine samples were collected. A total of 26 metabolites of phthalates/their alternatives were measured. Multivariate logistic regression and quantile-based g-computation were used to estimate the associations of exposure to the phthalates/their alternatives with dyslexia. More than 80% of the children had 17 related metabolites detected in their urine samples. After adjustment, the association between mono-2-(propyl-6-hydroxy-heptyl) phthalate (OH-MPHP) with the risk of dyslexia was observed. Compared with the lowest quartile of OH-MPHP levels, the odds of dyslexia for the third quartile was 1.93 (95% CI 1.06, 3.57). Regarding mixture analyses, it was found that OH-MPHP contributed the most to the association. Further analyses stratified by sex revealed that this association was only observed in boys. Our results suggested a significantly adverse association of di-2-propylheptyl phthalate exposure with children's language abilities. It highlights the necessity to prioritize the protection of children's neurodevelopment by minimizing their exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals like di-2-propylheptyl phthalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Center for Public Health Laboratory Service, Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Kaiheng Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haoxue Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhen Xiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rundong Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ranran Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) the Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Khalifa M, Fayed RH, Sedik AA, Khalil HMA. Dose-dependent toxic effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in male rats: Focus on behavioral alterations and inducing TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 468:116515. [PMID: 37061009 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Di -(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used phthalate that possesses a public health concern. Different concentrations of DEHP, including 50, 300, and 750 mg/kg, were administrated orally for 28 days in male rats. Body weight and vital organs weight were measured as well as anxiety-like behavior, short and long-term memory were investigated. Brain inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL1-6, were assessed. Brain caspase-3, neuropeptide-Y (NPY), and brain histopathology were also evaluated. DEHP triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines via inducing the nuclear translocation of the signaling pathway; TLR 4/ NF-κB leads to cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration, which is confirmed by the impaired brain architecture. Also, DEHP upgrades the expression levels of brain caspase-3 and NPY. In conclusion, exposure to high doses of DEHP persuades great toxicity visualized by behavioral, biochemical, and histological impairments when compared to the low dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhasen Khalifa
- Veterinary Hygiene and Management Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - R H Fayed
- Veterinary Hygiene and Management Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
| | - Ahmad A Sedik
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Heba M A Khalil
- Veterinary Hygiene and Management Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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Safarpour S, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Safarpour S, Darban YM. Effects of Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate on Central Nervous System Functions: A Narrative Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:766-776. [PMID: 34259148 PMCID: PMC9878957 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210713122517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are widely used in the plastics industry. Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most important phthalate metabolites that disrupt the function of endocrine glands. Exposure to DEHP causes numerous effects on animals, humans, and the environment. Low doses of DEHP increase neurotoxicity in the nervous system that has arisen deep concerns due to the widespread nature of DEHP exposure and its high absorption during brain development. OBJECTIVE In this review article, we evaluated the impacts of DEHP exposure from birth to adulthood on neurobehavioral damages. Then, the possible mechanisms of DEHP-induced neurobehavioral impairment were discussed. METHODOLOGY Peer-reviewed articles were extracted through Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar till the year 2021. RESULTS The results showed that exposure to DEHP during pregnancy and infancy leads to memory loss and irreversible nervous system damage. CONCLUSION Overall, it seems that increased levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators possess a pivotal role in DEHP-induced neurobehavioral impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Safarpour
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;,Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;,Address correspondence to this author at the Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 4136747176, Babol, Iran; Tel/Fax: +98-11-32190557; E-mail:
| | - Samaneh Safarpour
- Department of Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Environmental Pollution to Blame for Depressive Disorder? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031737. [PMID: 35162759 PMCID: PMC8835056 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Public concern has emerged about the effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) on neuropsychiatric disorders. Preclinical evidence suggests that exposure to EDCs is associated with the development of major depressive disorder (MDD) and could result in neural degeneration. The interaction of EDCs with hormonal receptors is the best-described mechanism of their biological activity. However, the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal adrenal axis has been reported and linked to neurological disorders. At a worldwide level and in Mexico, the incidence of MDD has recently been increasing. Of note, in Mexico, there are no clinical associations on blood levels of EDCs and the incidence of the MDD. Methodology: Thus, we quantified for the first time the serum levels of parent compounds of two bisphenols and four phthalates in patients with MDD. The levels of di-ethyl-hexyl-phthalate (DEHP), butyl-benzyl-phthalate (BBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), bisphenol A (BPA), and bisphenol S (BPS) in men and women with or without MDD were determined with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Results/conclusion: We found significant differences between concentrations of BBP between controls and patients with MDD. Interestingly, the serum levels of this compound have a dysmorphic behavior, being much higher in women (~500 ng/mL) than in men (≤10 ng/mL). We did not observe significant changes in the serum concentrations of the other phthalates or bisphenols tested, neither when comparing healthy and sick subjects nor when they were compared by gender. The results point out that BBP has a critical impact on the etiology of MDD disorder in Mexican patients, specifically in women.
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Chen L, Ye A, Liu X, Lu J, Xie Q, Guo Y, Sun W. Combined effect of co-exposure to di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalates and 50-Hz magnetic-fields on promoting human amniotic cells proliferation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112704. [PMID: 34455183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) exist far and wide in our surroundings. Studies have reported that both of DEHP and ELF-EMFs could promote cell proliferation which is related with adverse bioeffects. In this study, we investigated whether there is the combined effect between DEHP and 50-Hz magnetic fields (MFs) on cell proliferation in human amniotic (FL) cells. Results revealed that the low-concentration DEHP (1 μM) could promote FL cell proliferation, whereas the high-dose DEHP (100 μM) inhibited cell proliferation. When FL cells were treated jointly by a 50-Hz, 0.2-mT MF and 0.1 μM DEHP, the proliferation rate of cells was significantly higher than that of single factor exposure. Additionally, co-exposure to under-threshold MF and DEHP could cooperatively activate protein kinase B (Akt), sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) in a cascade manner, and finally mediate cell proliferation. Taken together, the findings of this study indicated that the co-exposure to under-threshold MF and DEHP could jointly promote cell proliferation through activating proliferation-related signal pathway, which warned us that it should be cautious about assessing the underlying health hazards of co-exposure to MFs and DEHP at under-threshold levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjing Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anfang Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingchun Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qixin Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixin Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Lee SH, Tseng WC, Du ZY, Lin WY, Chen MH, Lin CC, Lien GW, Liang HJ, Wen HJ, Guo YL, Chen PC, Lin CY. Lipid responses to environmental perfluoroalkyl substance exposure in a Taiwanese Child cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117007. [PMID: 33845286 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although recent epidemiologic studies have focused on some of the health effects of perfluoroalkyl substance (PFASs) exposure in humans, the associations between PFASs exposure and the lipidome in children are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess lipid changes in children to understand possible molecular events of environmental PFASs exposure and suggest potential health effects. A total of 290 Taiwanese children (8-10 years old) were included in this study. Thirteen PFASs were analyzed in their serum by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). MS-based lipidomic approaches were applied to examine lipid patterns in the serum of children exposed to different levels of PFASs. LC coupling with triple quadrupole MS technology was conducted to analyze phosphorylcholine-containing lipids. Multivariate analyses, such as partial least squares analysis along with univariate analyses, including multiple linear regression, were used to analyze associations between s exposure and unique lipid patterns. Our results showed that different lipid patterns were discovered in children exposed to different levels of specific PFASs, such as PFTrDA, PFOS, and PFDA. These changes in lipid levels may be involved in hepatic lipid metabolism, metabolic disorders, and PFASs-membrane interactions. This study showed that lipidomics is a powerful approach to identify critical PFASs that cause metabolite perturbation in the serum of children and suggest possible adverse health effects of these chemicals in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yi Du
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Huei Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Wen Lien
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jan Liang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Wen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Leon Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Office of Occupational Safety and Health, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Safarpour S, Zabihi E, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Nosratiyan N, Feizi F. Prenatal and breastfeeding exposure to low dose of diethylhexyl phthalate induces behavioral deficits and exacerbates oxidative stress in rat hippocampus. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112322. [PMID: 34111487 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most important derivatives of phthalate that has devastating effects on nervous system function. In this study, the effects of exposure with low doses of DEHP during pregnancy and lactation periods have been evaluated in rat's puppies. DEHP at doses 5, 40, 400 μg/kg/day and 300 mg/kg/day was given to mothers by gavage during pregnancy and lactation. The spatial and working memories were evaluated by Morris water maze test and Y maze, respectively. Oxidative stress levels were measured by biochemical tests. Histopathology of hippocampal tissue was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl staining, and immunohistofluorescence in 60-days-old puppies. Behavioral data showed that low doses of DEHP decreased the working and spatial memories of male rats. Increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant activity were also observed in the hippocampus of rats which received the low doses of DEHP. However, neuronal damage, inflammation, and astrocyte activation were not significantly increased in the hippocampus of rats. Overall, exposure of mothers to low doses of DEHP during pregnancy and lactation cause behavioral deficits, especially in male newborn. The destructive effects of low doses of DEHP might be mediated through increased levels of oxidative stress in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Safarpour
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Zabihi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Nosratiyan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farideh Feizi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Lee SH, Lee PH, Liang HJ, Tang CH, Chen TF, Cheng TJ, Lin CY. Brain lipid profiles in the spontaneously hypertensive rat after subchronic real-world exposure to ambient fine particulate matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135603. [PMID: 31784156 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have illustrated an association between ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and neuronal toxicity in epidemiological studies and animal models. However, the possible molecular effects on brains under real-world exposure to PM2.5 remain unclear. In this pilot study, male spontaneously hypertensive rats were whole-bodily exposed to ambient air from the outdoor environment of Taipei City for 3 months, while the control rats inhaled HEPA-filtered air. The PM2.5-induced phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin profiles in the hippocampus, cortex, medulla, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb were assessed by mass spectrometry (MS)-based lipidomics. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and the Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to examine the lipid changes between the exposed and control groups. The PLS-DA models showed that phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin profiles of the PM2.5 exposure group were different from those of the control group in each brain region except the cortex. More lipid changes were found in the hippocampus, while fewer lipid changes were observed in the olfactory bulb. The lipid alteration in the hippocampus may strengthen membrane integrity, modulate signaling pathways, and avoid accumulation of lipofuscin to counter the PM2.5-induced stress. The lipid changes in the cortex and medulla may respond to PM2.5-induced injury and inflammation; while the lipid changes in the cerebellum were associated with neuron protection. This study suggests that the MS-based lipidomics is a powerful approach to discriminate the brain lipid profiles even at the environmental level of ambient PM2.5 and has the potential to suggest possible adverse health effects in long-term PM2.5 exposure studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jan Liang
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ho Tang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
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11
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Ran D, Luo Y, Gan Z, Liu J, Yang J. Neural mechanisms underlying the deficit of learning and memory by exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:58-65. [PMID: 30822668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), as one of the most broadly representative phthalic acid esters, is used as a plasticizer in Polyvinyl chloride production. The exact neurotoxicologically effects of DEHP to human have not been adequately researched. In order to investigate the effects and mechanisms of DEHP exposure on neural circuit, the spatial learning and memory of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was measured, and the cellular mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity, cellular excitability and ion channels were detected. Our data showed that the spatial learning and memory was changed by DEHP (100 and 300 mg) treatment. Meanwhile, the frequency of mini Excitatory Postsynaptic Current (mEPSC) from CA3 pyramidal cells were significantly decreased by DEHP exposure (0.1 and 0.3 M); the firing threshold, membrane potential threshold, number, amplitude and latency of Action Potentials (Aps) of CA1 pyramidal cells were altered with the application of DEHP (0.1 and 0.3 M); furthermore, DEHP, both in 0.1 and 0.3 M could inhibit the voltage-gated potassium channel of CA1 pyramidal cells. Our results indicated that DEHP could impair the spatial learning and memory, and this impairment might due to the DEHP-induced suppression of the neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity by inhibiting the voltage-gated potassium channel, supporting the hypothesis that DEHP could cause the disruption of neural function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhi Ran
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, PR China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, PR China
| | - Zongjie Gan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, PR China
| | - Junqing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, PR China.
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12
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Zhou M, Ford B, Lee D, Tindula G, Huen K, Tran V, Bradman A, Gunier R, Eskenazi B, Nomura DK, Holland N. Metabolomic Markers of Phthalate Exposure in Plasma and Urine of Pregnant Women. Front Public Health 2018; 6:298. [PMID: 30406068 PMCID: PMC6204535 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are known endocrine disruptors and found in almost all people with several associated adverse health outcomes reported in humans and animal models. Limited data are available on the relationship between exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and the human metabolome. We examined the relationship of metabolomic profiles in plasma and urine of 115 pregnant women with eleven urine phthalate metabolites measured at 26 weeks of gestation to identify potential biomarkers and relevant pathways. Targeted metabolomics was performed by selected reaction monitoring liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to measure 415 metabolites in plasma and 151 metabolites in urine samples. We have chosen metabolites with the best defined peaks for more detailed analysis (138 in plasma and 40 in urine). Relationship between urine phthalate metabolites and concurrent metabolomic markers in plasma and urine suggested potential involvement of diverse pathways including lipid, steroid, and nucleic acid metabolism and enhanced inflammatory response. Most of the correlations were positive for both urine and plasma, and further confirmed by regression and PCA analysis. However, after the FDR adjustment for multiple comparisons, only 9 urine associations remained statistically significant (q-values 0.0001–0.0451), including Nicotinamide mononucleotide, Cysteine T2, Cystine, and L-Aspartic acid. Additionally, we found negative associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) with more than 20 metabolomic markers related to lipid and amino-acid metabolism and inflammation pathways in plasma (p = 0.01–0.0004), while Mevalonic acid was positively associated (p = 0.009). Nicotinic acid, the only significant metabolite in urine, had a positive association with maternal BMI (p = 0.002). In summary, when evaluated in the context of metabolic pathways, the findings suggest enhanced lipid biogenesis, inflammation and altered nucleic acid metabolism in association with higher phthalate levels. These results provide new insights into the relationship between phthalates, common in most human populations, and metabolomics, a novel approach to exposure and health biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zhou
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Breanna Ford
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Douglas Lee
- Omic Insight, LLC, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Gwen Tindula
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Karen Huen
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Vy Tran
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Asa Bradman
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Robert Gunier
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Nina Holland
- School of Public Health, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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13
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Holahan MR, Smith CA, Luu BE, Storey KB. Preadolescent Phthalate (DEHP) Exposure Is Associated With Elevated Locomotor Activity and Reward-Related Behavior and a Reduced Number of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Positive Neurons in Post-Adolescent Male and Female Rats. Toxicol Sci 2018; 165:512-530. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bryan E Luu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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14
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Toxic Effects of Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate: An Overview. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1750368. [PMID: 29682520 PMCID: PMC5842715 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1750368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is extensively used as a plasticizer in many products, especially medical devices, furniture materials, cosmetics, and personal care products. DEHP is noncovalently bound to plastics, and therefore, it will leach out of these products after repeated use, heating, and/or cleaning of the products. Due to the overuse of DEHP in many products, it enters and pollutes the environment through release from industrial settings and plastic waste disposal sites. DEHP can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact on a daily basis, which has raised some concerns about its safety and its potential effects on human health. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of the endocrine, testicular, ovarian, neural, hepatotoxic, and cardiotoxic effects of DEHP on animal models and humans in vitro and in vivo.
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15
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Dombret C, Capela D, Poissenot K, Parmentier C, Bergsten E, Pionneau C, Chardonnet S, Hardin-Pouzet H, Grange-Messent V, Keller M, Franceschini I, Mhaouty-Kodja S. Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Disruption of Male Courtship Behavior by Adult Exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:097001. [PMID: 28934723 PMCID: PMC5915199 DOI: 10.1289/ehp1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Courtship behavior plays a critical role in attracting females and reproduction success. However, the effects of exposure to a ubiquitous contaminant di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on these behaviors and, in particular, on courtship vocalizations have not been examined. OBJECTIVE The effects of adult exposure to DEHP on courtship and mating behaviors and gonadotropic axis and neural mechanisms involved in DEHP-induced effects were analyzed in male mice. METHODS Adult C57BL/6J males were orally exposed to DEHP (0, 0.5, 5, and 50μg/kg/d) for 4 wk. Olfactory preference, ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), partner preference and mating, as well as locomotor activity and motor coordination, were measured. The kisspeptin system and testosterone levels were analyzed. Proteomic and molecular studies were conducted on the hypothalamic preoptic nucleus, the key region involved in sexual motivation to vocalize and mate. RESULTS DEHP at 50μg/kg/d reduced the emission of USVs, whereas lower doses changed the ratio of syllable categories. This was associated with diminished sexual interest of female partners toward males exposed to 5 or 50μg/kg/d and increased latency to mate, despite normal olfactory preference. The kisspeptin system and circulating testosterone levels were unaffected. In DEHP-exposed males, proteomic analysis of the preoptic nucleus identified differentially expressed proteins connected to the androgen receptor (AR). Indeed, exposure to 5 or 50μg/kg/d of DEHP induced selective AR downregulation in this nucleus and upstream chemosensory regions. The involvement of AR changes in the observed alterations was further supported by the reduced emission of courtship vocalizations in males with disrupted neural AR expression. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the critical role of neural AR in courtship vocalizations and raises the possibility that the vulnerability of this signaling pathway to exposure to endocrine disrupters may be detrimental for courtship communication and mating in several species. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1443.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Dombret
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS , Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Daphné Capela
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS , Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Poissenot
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85 , Nouzilly, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247 , Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais , Tours, France
- Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation , Nouzilly, France
| | - Caroline Parmentier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS , Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Emma Bergsten
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS , Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Hélène Hardin-Pouzet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS , Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Grange-Messent
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS , Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Keller
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85 , Nouzilly, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247 , Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais , Tours, France
- Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation , Nouzilly, France
| | - Isabelle Franceschini
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85 , Nouzilly, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247 , Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais , Tours, France
- Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation , Nouzilly, France
| | - Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS , Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
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16
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Luu BE, Green SR, Childers CL, Holahan MR, Storey KB. The roles of hippocampal microRNAs in response to acute postnatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in female and male rats. Neurotoxicology 2017; 59:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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