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Alam M, Pandit B, Moin A, Iqbal UN. Invisible Inhabitants of Plants and a Sustainable Planet: Diversity of Bacterial Endophytes and their Potential in Sustainable Agriculture. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:343-366. [PMID: 39011025 PMCID: PMC11246410 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled usage of chemical fertilizers, climate change due to global warming, and the ever-increasing demand for food have necessitated sustainable agricultural practices. Removal of ever-increasing environmental pollutants, treatment of life-threatening diseases, and control of drug-resistant pathogens are also the need of the present time to maintain the health and hygiene of nature, as well as human beings. Research on plant-microbe interactions is paving the way to ameliorate all these sustainably. Diverse bacterial endophytes inhabiting the internal tissues of different parts of the plants promote the growth and development of their hosts by different mechanisms, such as through nutrient acquisition, phytohormone production and modulation, protection from biotic or abiotic challenges, assisting in flowering and root development, etc. Notwithstanding, efficient exploitation of endophytes in human welfare is hindered due to scarce knowledge of the molecular aspects of their interactions, community dynamics, in-planta activities, and their actual functional potential. Modern "-omics-based" technologies and genetic manipulation tools have empowered scientists to explore the diversity, dynamics, roles, and functional potential of endophytes, ultimately empowering humans to better use them in sustainable agricultural practices, especially in future harsh environmental conditions. In this review, we have discussed the diversity of bacterial endophytes, factors (biotic as well as abiotic) affecting their diversity, and their various plant growth-promoting activities. Recent developments and technological advancements for future research, such as "-omics-based" technologies, genetic engineering, genome editing, and genome engineering tools, targeting optimal utilization of the endophytes in sustainable agricultural practices, or other purposes, have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masrure Alam
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
| | - Baishali Pandit
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
- Department of Botany, Surendranath College, 24/2 MG Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009 India
| | - Abdul Moin
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
| | - Umaimah Nuzhat Iqbal
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
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Pandey P, Tripathi A, Dwivedi S, Lal K, Jhang T. Deciphering the mechanisms, hormonal signaling, and potential applications of endophytic microbes to mediate stress tolerance in medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1250020. [PMID: 38034581 PMCID: PMC10684941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1250020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The global healthcare market in the post-pandemic era emphasizes a constant pursuit of therapeutic, adaptogenic, and immune booster drugs. Medicinal plants are the only natural resource to meet this by supplying an array of bioactive secondary metabolites in an economic, greener and sustainable manner. Driven by the thrust in demand for natural immunity imparting nutraceutical and life-saving plant-derived drugs, the acreage for commercial cultivation of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Limited resources of land and water, low productivity, poor soil fertility coupled with climate change, and biotic (bacteria, fungi, insects, viruses, nematodes) and abiotic (temperature, drought, salinity, waterlogging, and metal toxicity) stress necessitate medicinal plant productivity enhancement through sustainable strategies. Plants evolved intricate physiological (membrane integrity, organelle structural changes, osmotic adjustments, cell and tissue survival, reclamation, increased root-shoot ratio, antibiosis, hypersensitivity, etc.), biochemical (phytohormones synthesis, proline, protein levels, antioxidant enzymes accumulation, ion exclusion, generation of heat-shock proteins, synthesis of allelochemicals. etc.), and cellular (sensing of stress signals, signaling pathways, modulating expression of stress-responsive genes and proteins, etc.) mechanisms to combat stresses. Endophytes, colonizing in different plant tissues, synthesize novel bioactive compounds that medicinal plants can harness to mitigate environmental cues, thus making the agroecosystems self-sufficient toward green and sustainable approaches. Medicinal plants with a host set of metabolites and endophytes with another set of secondary metabolites interact in a highly complex manner involving adaptive mechanisms, including appropriate cellular responses triggered by stimuli received from the sensors situated on the cytoplasm and transmitting signals to the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus to withstand a stressful environment effectively. Signaling pathways serve as a crucial nexus for sensing stress and establishing plants' proper molecular and cellular responses. However, the underlying mechanisms and critical signaling pathways triggered by endophytic microbes are meager. This review comprehends the diversity of endophytes in medicinal plants and endophyte-mediated plant-microbe interactions for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in medicinal plants by understanding complex adaptive physiological mechanisms and signaling cascades involving defined molecular and cellular responses. Leveraging this knowledge, researchers can design specific microbial formulations that optimize plant health, increase nutrient uptake, boost crop yields, and support a resilient, sustainable agricultural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Pandey
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Arpita Tripathi
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Faculty of Education, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Shweta Dwivedi
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanhaiya Lal
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Tripta Jhang
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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Dai X, Lv J, Fu P, Guo S. Microbial remediation of oil-contaminated shorelines: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93491-93518. [PMID: 37572250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Frequent marine oil spills have led to increasingly serious oil pollution along shorelines. Microbial remediation has become a research hotspot of intertidal oil pollution remediation because of its high efficiency, low cost, environmental friendliness, and simple operation. Many microorganisms are able to convert oil pollutants into non-toxic substances through their growth and metabolism. Microorganisms use enzymes' catalytic activities to degrade oil pollutants. However, microbial remediation efficiency is affected by the properties of the oil pollutants, microbial community, and environmental conditions. Feasible field microbial remediation technologies for oil spill pollution in the shorelines mainly include the addition of high-efficiency oil degrading bacteria (immobilized bacteria), nutrients, biosurfactants, and enzymes. Limitations to the field application of microbial remediation technology mainly include slow start-up, rapid failure, long remediation time, and uncontrolled environmental impact. Improving the environmental adaptability of microbial remediation technology and developing sustainable microbial remediation technology will be the focus of future research. The feasibility of microbial remediation techniques should also be evaluated comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites, Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 10089, China.
| | - Jing Lv
- China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Pengcheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Shaohui Guo
- China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
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de Lemos EA, Procópio L, da Mota FF, Jurelevicius D, Rosado AS, Seldin L. Molecular characterization of Paenibacillus antarcticus IPAC21, a bioemulsifier producer isolated from Antarctic soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1142582. [PMID: 37025627 PMCID: PMC10072262 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1142582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Paenibacillus antarcticus IPAC21, an endospore-forming and bioemulsifier-producing strain, was isolated from King George Island, Antarctica. As psychrotolerant/psychrophilic bacteria can be considered promising sources for novel products such as bioactive compounds and other industrially relevant substances/compounds, the IPAC21 genome was sequenced using Illumina Hi-seq, and a search for genes related to the production of bioemulsifiers and other metabolic pathways was performed. The IPAC21 strain has a genome of 5,505,124 bp and a G + C content of 40.5%. Genes related to the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides, such as the gene that encodes the extracellular enzyme levansucrase responsible for the synthesis of levan, the 2,3-butanediol pathway, PTS sugar transporters, cold-shock proteins, and chaperones were found in its genome. IPAC21 cell-free supernatants obtained after cell growth in trypticase soy broth at different temperatures were evaluated for bioemulsifier production by the emulsification index (EI) using hexadecane, kerosene and diesel. EI values higher than 50% were obtained using the three oil derivatives when IPAC21 was grown at 28°C. The bioemulsifier produced by P. antarcticus IPAC21 was stable at different NaCl concentrations, low temperatures and pH values, suggesting its potential use in lower and moderate temperature processes in the petroleum industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ericka Arregue de Lemos
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciano Procópio
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Diogo Jurelevicius
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Soares Rosado
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lucy Seldin
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Lucy Seldin,
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Huang Z, Jiang L, Lu W, Luo C, Song M. Elsholtzia splendens promotes phenanthrene and polychlorinated biphenyl degradation under Cu stress through enrichment of microbial degraders. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129492. [PMID: 35803192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Co-contamination of heavy metals and organic pollutants is widespread in the environment. Metal-tolerant/hyperaccumulating plants have the advantage of enhancing co-operation between plants and rhizospheric microbes under heavy metal stress, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, the effects of Elsholtzia splendens and Lolium perenne on the rhizospheric microbial community and degraders of phenanthrene (PHE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were investigated. The results showed E. splendens could tolerate high Cu concentrations, while L. perenne was sensitive to Cu toxicity. Although Cu played the most important role in microbial community construction, both E. splendens and L. perenne caused shifts in the rhizospheric microbial community. For PHE and PCB degradation, L. perenne was more efficient under low Cu concentrations, whereas E. splendens performed better under high Cu concentrations. This difference can be attributed to shifts in the degrader community and key degradation genes identified by stable isotope probing. Moreover, higher abundances of various genes for organic pollutant degradation were observed in the rhizosphere of E. splendens than L. perenne based on gene prediction under high Cu stress. Our study reveals underlying mechanism of the advantages of heavy metal-tolerant plants for organic pollutant removal in soils co-contaminated with heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Huang
- Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Longfei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weisheng Lu
- Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunling Luo
- Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Mengke Song
- Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Selection of Endophytic Strains for Enhanced Bacteria-Assisted Phytoremediation of Organic Pollutants Posing a Public Health Hazard. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179557. [PMID: 34502466 PMCID: PMC8431480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities generate a high quantity of organic pollutants, which have an impact on human health and cause adverse environmental effects. Monitoring of many hazardous contaminations is subject to legal regulations, but some substances such as therapeutic agents, personal care products, hormones, and derivatives of common organic compounds are currently not included in these regulations. Classical methods of removal of organic pollutants involve economically challenging processes. In this regard, remediation with biological agents can be an alternative. For in situ decontamination, the plant-based approach called phytoremediation can be used. However, the main disadvantages of this method are the limited accumulation capacity of plants, sensitivity to the action of high concentrations of hazardous pollutants, and no possibility of using pollutants for growth. To overcome these drawbacks and additionally increase the efficiency of the process, an integrated technology of bacteria-assisted phytoremediation is being used recently. For the system to work, it is necessary to properly select partners, especially endophytes for specific plants, based on the knowledge of their metabolic abilities and plant colonization capacity. The best approach that allows broad recognition of all relationships occurring in a complex community of endophytic bacteria and its variability under the influence of various factors can be obtained using culture-independent techniques. However, for practical application, culture-based techniques have priority.
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Wu W, Chen W, Liu S, Wu J, Zhu Y, Qin L, Zhu B. Beneficial Relationships Between Endophytic Bacteria and Medicinal Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:646146. [PMID: 33968103 PMCID: PMC8100581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.646146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants benefit extensively from endophytic bacteria, which live in host plant tissues exerting no harmful effects. Bacterial endophytes promote the growth of host plants and enhance their resistance toward various pathogens and environmental stresses. They can also regulate the synthesis of secondary metabolites with significant medicinal properties and produce various biological effects. This review summarizes recent studies on the relationships between bacterial endophytes and medicinal plants. Endophytic bacteria have numerous applications in agriculture, medicine, and other industries: improving plant growth, promoting resistance toward both biotic and abiotic stresses, and producing metabolites with medicinal potential. Their distribution and population structure are affected by their host plant's genetic characteristics and health and by the ecology of the surrounding environment. Understanding bacterial endophytes can help us use them more effectively and apply them to medicinal plants to improve yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luping Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Waigi MG, Wang J, Yang B, Gudda FO, Ling W, Liu J, Gao Y. Endophytic Bacteria in in planta Organopollutant Detoxification in Crops. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 252:1-50. [PMID: 31451946 DOI: 10.1007/398_2019_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbe-assisted organopollutant removal, or in planta crop decontamination, is based on an interactive system between organopollutant-degrading endophytic bacteria (DEBOP) and crops in alleviating organic toxins in plants. This script focuses on the fast-growing body of literature that has recently bloomed in organopollutant control in agricultural plants. The various facets of DEBOP under study include their colonization, distribution, plant growth-promoting mechanisms, and modes of action in the detoxification process in plants. Also, an assessment of the biotechnological advances, advantages, and bottlenecks in accelerating the implementation of this decontamination strategy will be undertaken. The highlighted key research directions from this review will shape the future of agro-environmental sustainability and preservation of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gatheru Waigi
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fredrick Owino Gudda
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wanting Ling
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Thanh LTH, Thi TVN, Shintani M, Moriuchi R, Dohra H, Loc NH, Kimbara K. Isolation and characterization of a moderate thermophilic Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans strain 4B1 capable of degrading dibenzofuran from dioxin-contaminated soil in Vietnam. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:571-577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Okai M, Ohki Y, Yamamoto S, Takashio M, Ishida M, Urano N. Comamonas
sp. 3ah48 is a dibenz[
a,h
]anthracene‐degrading bacterium that is tolerant to heavy metals. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 68:589-596. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Okai
- Department of Ocean Sciences Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Minato‐ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Ohki
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Minato‐ku Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Minato‐ku Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Takashio
- Zensho Laboratories of Food Technology Zensho Holdings Co. Ltd Minato‐ku Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Ishida
- Department of Ocean Sciences Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Minato‐ku Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Urano
- Department of Marine Resources and Energy Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Minato‐ku Tokyo Japan
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Zeng J, Zhu Q, Li Y, Dai Y, Wu Y, Sun Y, Miu L, Chen H, Lin X. Isolation of diverse pyrene-degrading bacteria via introducing readily utilized phenanthrene. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:534-540. [PMID: 30721812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria able to degrade pyrene play a critical role in the biodegradation of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the traditional isolation procedure only obtains strains related to the genus Mycobacterium. The aim of the present study was to develop a modified method to isolate taxonomically distinct pyrene-degrading strains. The results indicated that replacing pyrene with phenanthrene in the isolation step improved the isolation efficiency. Using the modified method, six PAH degraders belonging to the genera Bosea, Arthrobacter, Paenibacillus, Bacillus, and Rhodococcus were obtained. They were capable of effectively utilizing pyrene (∼100%) as their sole carbon source, and could co-metabolize the degradation of benzo [a]pyrene (26.9-71.5%). In contrast, a small amount of pyrene (5.6%) and benzo [a]pyrene (8.6%) were degraded by a phenanthrene-degrading Sphingobium sp. NS7 under the same conditions. The difference in PAHs degradation between agar plate culture and liquid culture may lead to the low isolation efficiency in the traditional procedure. Hereditary stability analysis showed that PAH degradation capability of the Bosea, Paenibacillus, and Rhodococcus strains were easily lost without PAH pressure, which may partly explain why those strains were difficult to obtain using the traditional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing East Road, 71, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Qinghe Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing East Road, 71, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing East Road, 71, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Yeliang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing East Road, 71, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing East Road, 71, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- High School Affiliated To Nanjing Normal University, Chahaer Road, 37, Nanjing, 210003, PR China
| | - Luyi Miu
- High School Affiliated To Nanjing Normal University, Chahaer Road, 37, Nanjing, 210003, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- Soil and Environment Analysis Center, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, PR China
| | - Xiangui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing East Road, 71, Nanjing, 210008, PR China.
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Fu W, Xu M, Sun K, Hu L, Cao W, Dai C, Jia Y. Biodegradation of phenanthrene by endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambari in vitro and in vivo. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 203:160-169. [PMID: 29614409 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthrene, as a widespread polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminant in vitro and in vivo of plant, has the characteristics of carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and mutagenicity. This work aimed to explore the phenanthrene metabolic mechanism by Phomopsis liquidambari in vitro, as well as the bioremediation ability through P. liquidambari-rice combination. This strain was able to use phenanthrene as source of carbon and energy to grow, more than 77% of added 50 mg L-1 phenanthrene was removed after 10 d in MSM. We identified the metabolic products via HPLC-MS and proposed two possible degradation pathways. Phenanthrene was firstly combined with oxygen to become phenanthrene 9,10-oxide, and then degraded to 9-phenanthrol, followed by oxidization to 9,10-dihydroxyphenanthrene. In addition, that epoxide (phenanthrene 9,10-oxide) was also hydrolyzed to phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol, and then dehydrogenized to 9,10-dihydroxyphenanthrene, which was further degraded to 9,10-phenanthrenequinone; during this metabolic pathway, the changes of P450 monooxygenase, epoxide hydrolase, dehydrogenase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activities and their corresponding gene transcription levels were closely related. What's more, P. liquidambari could combine with rice to eliminate phenanthrene accumulated in vivo of rice seedlings, and the removal rate in inoculation treatment represented a significant difference (increased 25.68%) compared with uninoculation treatment after cultivation 30 d. Therefore, we concluded that P. liquidambari could not only respond to phenanthrene pollution stress in vitro but also exert a mitigation effect on plants accumulated phenanthrene. This work provides a foundation for applying endophytic fungi to PAHs bioremediation in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Man Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liyan Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chuanchao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Biodegradation of fluoranthene by Paenibacillus sp. strain PRNK-6: a pathway for complete mineralization. Arch Microbiol 2017; 200:171-182. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-017-1431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Feng NX, Yu J, Zhao HM, Cheng YT, Mo CH, Cai QY, Li YW, Li H, Wong MH. Efficient phytoremediation of organic contaminants in soils using plant-endophyte partnerships. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 583:352-368. [PMID: 28117167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution with organic contaminants is one of the most intractable environmental problems today, posing serious threats to humans and the environment. Innovative strategies for remediating organic-contaminated soils are critically needed. Phytoremediation, based on the synergistic actions of plants and their associated microorganisms, has been recognized as a powerful in situ approach to soil remediation. Suitable combinations of plants and their associated endophytes can improve plant growth and enhance the biodegradation of organic contaminants in the rhizosphere and/or endosphere, dramatically expediting the removal of organic pollutants from soils. However, for phytoremediation to become a more widely accepted and predictable alternative, a thorough understanding of plant-endophyte interactions is needed. Many studies have recently been conducted on the mechanisms of endophyte-assisted phytoremediation of organic contaminants in soils. In this review, we highlight the superiority of organic pollutant-degrading endophytes for practical applications in phytoremediation, summarize alternative strategies for improving phytoremediation, discuss the fundamental mechanisms of endophyte-assisted phytoremediation, and present updated information regarding the advances, challenges, and new directions in the field of endophyte-assisted phytoremediation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Xian Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiao Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Ting Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Quan-Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Wen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
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Biodegradation of Mixed PAHs by PAH-Degrading Endophytic Bacteria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13080805. [PMID: 27517944 PMCID: PMC4997491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13080805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria can promote plant growth, induce plant defence mechanisms, and increase plant resistance to organic contaminants. The aims of the present study were to isolate highly PAH-degrading endophytic bacteria from plants growing at PAH-contaminated sites and to evaluate the capabilities of these bacteria to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vitro, which will be beneficial for re-colonizing target plants and reducing plant PAH residues through the inoculation of plants with endophytic bacteria. Two endophytic bacterial strains P1 (Stenotrophomonas sp.) and P3 (Pseudomonas sp.), which degraded more than 90% of phenanthrene (PHE) within 7 days, were isolated from Conyza canadensis and Trifolium pretense L., respectively. Both strains could use naphthalene (NAP), PHE, fluorene (FLR), pyrene (PYR), and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) as the sole sources of carbon and energy. Moreover, these bacteria reduced the contamination of mixed PAHs at high levels after inoculation for 7 days; strain P1 degraded 98.0% NAP, 83.1% FLR, 87.8% PHE, 14.4% PYR, and 1.6% B(a)P, and strain P3 degraded 95.3% NAP, 87.9% FLR, 90.4% PHE, 6.9% PYR, and negligible B(a)P. Notably, the biodegradation of PAHs could be promoted through additional carbon and nitrogen nutrients; therein, beef extract was suggested as the optimal co-substrate for the degradation of PAHs by these two strains (99.1% PHE was degraded within 7 days). Compared with strain P1, strain P3 has more potential for the use in the removal of PAHs from plant tissues. These results provide a novel perspective in the reduction of plant PAH residues in PAH-contaminated sites through inoculating plants with highly PAH-degrading endophytic bacteria.
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