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Li X, Zhang L, Tan C, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Ding J, Li Y. The impact of temperature, humidity and closing school on the mumps epidemic: a case study in the mainland of China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1632. [PMID: 38898424 PMCID: PMC11186224 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To control resurging infectious diseases like mumps, it is necessary to resort to effective control and preventive measures. These measures include increasing vaccine coverage, providing the community with advice on how to reduce exposure, and closing schools. To justify such intervention, it is important to understand how well each of these measures helps to limit transmission. METHODS In this paper, we propose a simple SEILR (susceptible-exposed-symptomatically infectious-asymptomatically infectious-recovered) model by using a novel transmission rate function to incorporate temperature, humidity, and closing school factors. This new transmission rate function allows us to verify the impact of each factor either separately or combined. Using reported mumps cases from 2004 to 2018 in the mainland of China, we perform data fitting and parameter estimation to evaluate the basic reproduction number R 0 . As a wide range of one-dose measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine programs in China started only in 2008, we use different vaccination proportions for the first Stage I period (from 2004 to 2008) and the second Stage II period (from 2009 to 2018). This allows us to verify the importance of higher vaccine coverage with a possible second dose of MMR vaccine. RESULTS We find that the basic reproduction number R 0 is generally between 1 and 3. We then use the Akaike Information Criteria to assess the extent to which each of the three factors contributed to the spread of mumps. The findings suggest that the impact of all three factors is substantial, with temperature having the most significant impact, followed by school opening and closing, and finally humidity. CONCLUSION We conclude that the strategy of increasing vaccine coverage, changing micro-climate (temperature and humidity), and closing schools can greatly reduce mumps transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Li
- School of Information and Mathematics, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Lianyun Zhang
- School of Information and Mathematics, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, China
| | - Changlei Tan
- Information Engineering College, Hunan Applied Technology University, Shanjuan Road, Changde, 415100, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Pingle Garden, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- School of Environment, Education & Development (SEED), The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M139PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Juan Ding
- Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Chuyuan Avenue, Jingzhou, 434023, China.
| | - Yong Li
- School of Information and Mathematics, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, China.
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Yang T, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Guo X, Yu S, Zhao Z, Deng B, Huang J, Liu W, Su Y, Chen T. Age-specific transmission dynamic of mumps: A long-term large-scale modeling study in Jilin Province, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:968702. [PMID: 36420012 PMCID: PMC9678053 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.968702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Despite the adoption of a new childhood immunization program in China, the incidence of mumps remains high. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Jilin Province from 2005 to 2019 and to assess the transmissibility of mumps virus among the whole population and different subgroups by regions and age groups. Methods The Non-age-specific and age-specific Susceptible-Exposed-Pre-symptomatic-Infectious-Asymptomatic-Recovered (SEPIAR) models were fitted to actual mumps incidence data. The time-varying reproduction number (R t ) was used to evaluate and compare the transmissibility. Results From 2005 to 2019, a total of 57,424 cases of mumps were reported in Jilin Province. The incidence of mumps was the highest in people aged 5 to 9 years (77.37 per 100,000). The two SEPIAR models fitted the reported data well (P < 0.01). The median transmissibility (R t ) calculated by the two SEPIAR models were 1.096 (range: 1.911 × 10-5-2.192) and 1.074 (range: 0.033-2.114) respectively. The age-specific SEPIAR model was more representative of the actual epidemic of mumps in Jilin Province from 2005-2019. Conclusions For mumps control, it is recommended that mumps-containing vaccines (MuCV) coverage be increased nationwide in the 5-9 years age group, either by a mumps vaccine alone or by a combination of vaccines such as measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. The coverage of vaccines in Jilin Province should be continuously expanded to establish solid immunity in the population. China needs to redefine the optimal time interval for MuCV immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qinglong Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiefeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Weikang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanhua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,*Correspondence: Tianmu Chen
| | - Tianmu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,Yanhua Su
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Yang T, Wang Y, Yao L, Guo X, Hannah MN, Liu C, Rui J, Zhao Z, Huang J, Liu W, Deng B, Luo L, Li Z, Li P, Zhu Y, Liu X, Xu J, Yang M, Zhao Q, Su Y, Chen T. Application of logistic differential equation models for early warning of infectious diseases in Jilin Province. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2019. [PMCID: PMC9636661 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There is still a relatively serious disease burden of infectious diseases and the warning time for different infectious diseases before implementation of interventions is important. The logistic differential equation models can be used for predicting early warning of infectious diseases. The aim of this study is to compare the disease fitting effects of the logistic differential equation (LDE) model and the generalized logistic differential equation (GLDE) model for the first time using data on multiple infectious diseases in Jilin Province and to calculate the early warning signals for different types of infectious diseases using these two models in Jilin Province to solve the disease early warning schedule for Jilin Province throughout the year.
Methods
Collecting the incidence of 22 infectious diseases in Jilin Province, China. The LDE and GLDE models were used to calculate the recommended warning week (RWW), the epidemic acceleration week (EAW) and warning removed week (WRW) for acute infectious diseases with seasonality, respectively.
Results
Five diseases were selected for analysis based on screening principles: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), shigellosis, mumps, Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and scarlet fever. The GLDE model fitted the above diseases better (0.80 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.94, P < 0. 005) than the LDE model. The estimated warning durations (per year) of the LDE model for the above diseases were: weeks 12–23 and 40–50; weeks 20–36; weeks 15–24 and 43–52; weeks 26–34; and weeks 16–25 and 41–50. While the durations of early warning (per year) estimated by the GLDE model were: weeks 7–24 and 36–51; weeks 13–37; weeks 11–26 and 39–54; weeks 23–35; and weeks 12–26 and 40–50.
Conclusions
Compared to the LDE model, the GLDE model provides a better fit to the actual disease incidence data. The RWW appeared to be earlier when estimated with the GLDE model than the LDE model. In addition, the WRW estimated with the GLDE model were more lagged and had a longer warning time.
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Huang JF, Zhao ZY, Lu WK, Rui J, Deng B, Liu WK, Yang TL, Li ZY, Li PH, Liu C, Luo L, Zhao B, Wang YF, Li Q, Wang MZ, Chen TM. Correlation between mumps and meteorological factors in Xiamen City, China: A modelling study. Infect Dis Model 2022; 7:127-137. [PMID: 35573860 PMCID: PMC9062423 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mumps is a seasonal infectious disease, always occurring in winter and spring. In this study, we aim to analyze its epidemiological characteristics, transmissibility, and its correlation with meteorological variables. Method A seasonal Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious/Asymptomatic–Recovered model and a next-generation matrix method were applied to estimate the time-dependent reproduction number (Rt). Results The seasonal double peak of annual incidence was mainly in May to July and November to December. There was high transmission at the median of Rt = 1.091 (ranged: 0 to 4.393). Rt was seasonally distributed mainly from February to April and from September to November. Correlations were found between temperature (Pearson correlation coefficient [r] ranged: from 0.101 to 0.115), average relative humidity (r = 0.070), average local pressure (r = -0.066), and the number of new cases. In addition, average local pressure (r = 0.188), average wind speed (r = 0.111), air temperature (r ranged: -0.128 to -0.150), average relative humidity (r = -0.203) and sunshine duration (r = -0.075) were all correlated with Rt. Conclusion A relatively high level of transmissibility has been found in Xiamen City, leading to a continuous epidemic of mumps. Meteorological factors, especially air temperature and relative humidity, may be more closely associated with mumps than other factors.
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Azimaqin N, Peng Z, Ren X, Wei Y, Liu X. Vaccine Failure, Seasonality and Demographic Changes Associate with Mumps Outbreaks in Jiangsu Province, China: Age-structured Mathematical Modelling Study. J Theor Biol 2022; 544:111125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yin Z, Zheng C, Fang Q, Gong X, Cao G, Li J, Xiang Z, Song W. Introduction of Two-Dose Mumps-Containing Vaccine into Routine Immunization Schedule in Quzhou, China, Using Cox-Proportional Hazard Model. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5990417. [PMID: 34778466 PMCID: PMC8589524 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5990417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the mumps virus, but the incidence of mumps has increased among the children who were vaccinated with one-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) in recent years. In this study, we analyzed the influence of different doses of mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV) against mumps using Cox-proportional hazard model. We collected 909 mumps cases of children who were born from 2006 to 2010 and vaccinated with different doses of MuCV in Quzhou during 2006-2018, which were all clinically diagnosed. Kaplan-Meier survival methods and Cox-proportional hazard model were used to estimate the hazard probabilities. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the cumulative hazard of male and female has no difference; lower hazards were detected among those who were vaccinated with two-dose MuCV, born in 2006, and infected after supplementary immunization activities (SIA). Cox-proportional hazard regression suggested that onset after SIA, born in 2006, and vaccinated with two-dose MuCV were protective factors against infection even after adjusting for potential confounding effects. Our study showed that it was necessary to revise the diagnostic criteria of mumps and identify RT-PCR as the standard for mumps diagnosis in China. We suggested that routine immunization schedule should introduce two doses of MMR and prevaccination screening should be performed before booster immunization in vaccinated populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Yin
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Canjie Zheng
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Quanjun Fang
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Gong
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoping Cao
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Junji Li
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziling Xiang
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Song
- Quzhou Women & Children's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000 Zhejiang, China
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Bai YZ, Wang XJ, Guo SB. Global Stability of a Mumps Transmission Model with Quarantine Measure. ACTA MATHEMATICAE APPLICATAE SINICA (ENGLISH SERIES) 2021; 37:665-672. [PMID: 34642515 PMCID: PMC8498767 DOI: 10.1007/s10255-021-1035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a model of mumps transmission with quarantine measure is proposed and then the control reproduction numberℛ c of the model is obtained. This model admits a unique endemic equilibrium P* if and only if R c > 1, while the disease-free equilibrium P 0 always exists. By using the technique of constructing Lyapunov functions and the generalized Lyapunov-LaSalle theorem, we first show that the equilibrium P 0 is globally asymptotically stable (GAS) if R c ≤ 1; second, we prove that the equilibrium P* is GAS if R c > 1. Our results reveal that mumps can be eliminated from the community forℛ c ≤ 1 and it will be persistent forℛ c > 1 , and quarantine measure can also effectively control the mumps transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-zhen Bai
- School of Science, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616 China
| | - Xiao-jing Wang
- School of Science, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616 China
| | - Song-bai Guo
- School of Science, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616 China
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
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Lin CY, Su SB, Peng CJ, Chen KT. The incidence of mumps in Taiwan and its association with the meteorological parameters: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27267. [PMID: 34664880 PMCID: PMC8447993 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mumps is an acute and common childhood disease caused by paramyxovirus. It has been reported that the occurrence of mumps is influenced by seasonality. However, the role of meteorological variables in the incidence of mumps remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between meteorological factors and the incidence of mumps infection. Poisson regression analysis was used to study the relationship between weather variability and the incidence of mumps in Taiwan. Between 2012 and 2018, 5459 cases of mumps cases were reported to the Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan (Taiwan CDC). The occurrence of mumps virus infections revealed significant seasonality in the spring and summer seasons in Taiwan. The incidence of mumps virus infections began to increase at temperatures of 15°C and started to decline if the temperature was higher than 29°C (r2 = 0.387, P = .008). Similarly, the number of mumps cases began to increase at a relative humidity of 65% to 69% (r2 = 0.838, P < .029). The number of mumps cases was positively associated with temperature and relative humidity during the period preceding the infection. This study showed that the occurrence of mumps is significantly associated with increasing temperature and relative humidity in Taiwan. Therefore, these factors could be regarded as early warning signals and indicate the need to strengthen the intervention and prevention of mumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yao Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Senior Welfare and Services, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Bin Su
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheau-Jane Peng
- Department of Senior Welfare and Services, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kow-Tong Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Kaplan A, Park J, Kresin C, Schoenberg F. Nonparametric estimation of recursive point processes with application to mumps in Pennsylvania. Biom J 2021; 64:20-32. [PMID: 34426992 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.202000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The self-exciting Hawkes point process model (Hawkes, 1971) has been used to describe and forecast communicable diseases. A variant of the Hawkes model, called the recursive model, was proposed by Schoenberg et al. (2019) and has been shown to fit well to various epidemic disease datasets. Unlike the Hawkes model, the recursive model allows the productivity to vary as the overall rate of incidence of the disease varies. Here, we extend the data-driven nonparametric expectation-maximization method of Marsan and Lengliné (2008) in order to fit the recursive model without assuming a particular functional form for the productivity. The nonparametric recursive model is trained to fit to weekly reported cases of mumps in Pennsylvania during the January 1970-September 1990 time frame and then assessed using one week forecasts for the October 1990-December 2001 time period. Both its training and predictive ability are evaluated compared to that of other candidate models, such as Hawkes and SVEILR (susceptible, vaccinated, exposed, infected, lightly infected, recovered) compartmental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kaplan
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Junhyung Park
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Conor Kresin
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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El Zarif T, Kassir MF, Bizri N, Kassir G, Musharrafieh U, Bizri AR. Measles and mumps outbreaks in Lebanon: trends and links. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:244. [PMID: 32216754 PMCID: PMC7098136 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-04956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lebanon has experienced several measles and mumps outbreaks in the past 20 years. In this article, a case-based surveillance of both measles and mumps outbreaks in Lebanon was carried out in an attempt to outline factors contributing to the failure of elimination plans and to provide potential solutions. The relationship between the outbreaks of both diseases was described and explored. METHODS A retrospective descriptive study of confirmed cases of measles and mumps in Lebanon between 2003 and 2018 collected from the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health Epidemiological Surveillance Unit public database was carried out. The information collected was graphically represented taking into consideration dates of reported cases, age groups affected, and vaccination status. RESULTS The mean number of measles cases was 150.25 cases/year in the 1-4 years age group, 87 cases/year in individuals aging between 5 and 14, and 63.68 cases/year in those > 14 years old. In the latter group, only 18.05% were unvaccinated. The mean number of mumps cases was 30.4 cases/year in the < 4 year age group and 53.8 cases/year in the 10-19 years age group. During the study period, every spike in measles cases was followed by a similar spike in mumps. 9.66% of measles cases occurred in individuals who received at least 2 doses of the vaccine, 52.26% in the unvaccinated, and 38% in those whose vaccination status was undetermined. CONCLUSIONS Measles in Lebanon is a disease of the pediatric population, but adults remain at risk. Outbreaks of mumps followed those of measles and were mainly among adolescents. Presence of a large number of Syrian refugees in the country may further complicate the situation. Vaccination activities need to be intensified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talal El Zarif
- Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Nazih Bizri
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon
| | - Ghida Kassir
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Umayya Musharrafieh
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdul Rahman Bizri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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