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Van Horne YO, Alcala CS, Peltier RE, Quintana PJE, Seto E, Gonzales M, Johnston JE, Montoya LD, Quirós-Alcalá L, Beamer PI. An applied environmental justice framework for exposure science. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 33:1-11. [PMID: 35260805 PMCID: PMC8902490 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
On the 30th anniversary of the Principles of Environmental Justice established at the First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit in 1991 (Principles of Environmental Justice), we continue to call for these principles to be more widely adopted. We propose an environmental justice framework for exposure science to be implemented by all researchers. This framework should be the standard and not an afterthought or trend dismissed by those who believe that science should not be politicized. Most notably, this framework should be centered on the community it seeks to serve. Researchers should meet with community members and stakeholders to learn more about the community, involve them in the research process, collectively determine the environmental exposure issues of highest concern for the community, and develop sustainable interventions and implementation strategies to address them. Incorporating community "funds of knowledge" will also inform the study design by incorporating the knowledge about the issue that community members have based on their lived experiences. Institutional and funding agency funds should also be directed to supporting community needs both during the "active" research phase and at the conclusion of the research, such as mechanisms for dissemination, capacity building, and engagement with policymakers. This multidirectional framework for exposure science will increase the sustainability of the research and its impact for long-term success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshira Ornelas Van Horne
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
| | - Cecilia S Alcala
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102 Street, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Richard E Peltier
- School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Room 175, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Penelope J E Quintana
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Edmund Seto
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Roosevelt One Building, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Melissa Gonzales
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10 5550 Epidemiology, Albuquerque, NM, 87111, USA
| | - Jill E Johnston
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | | | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Paloma I Beamer
- Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295N. Martin Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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Agim NG, Morquette AJ, Heath CR. Normal Skin Findings and Cultural Practices in Pediatric Patients with Skin of Color. Dermatol Clin 2022; 40:73-81. [PMID: 34799037 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of melanocytes is fundamental to the study of dermatology. These dendritic cells underly the most feared primary cutaneous malignancy, fuel escalating progress in immunotherapy strategies, and invariably underlie entire socioeconomic constructs consciously or unconsciously based on skin tone. Various ethno-genotypes combine with increasing frequency over time, increasing the diversity of skin types that may present with dermatologic diagnoses. Understanding the biology of a variety of skin tones and ethnic practices congruent with distribution of skin tone is invaluable to any physician who wishes to practice efficient and expert care, especially to pediatric patients of this category.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra J Morquette
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Candrice R Heath
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3401 North Broad Street, 5-OPB Dermatology, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Uhl M, Santos RR, Costa J, Santos O, Virgolino A, Evans DS, Murray C, Mulcahy M, Ubong D, Sepai O, Lobo Vicente J, Leitner M, Benda-Kahri S, Zanini-Freitag D. Chemical Exposure: European Citizens' Perspectives, Trust, and Concerns on Human Biomonitoring Initiatives, Information Needs, and Scientific Results. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1532. [PMID: 33562859 PMCID: PMC7914422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, citizen awareness and perception of chemical products has been a topic of interest, particularly concerning national and international policy decision makers, expert/scientific platforms, and the European Union itself. To date, few qualitative studies on human biomonitoring have analysed communication materials, made recommendations in terms of biomonitoring surveillance, or asked for feedback in terms of specific biomonitoring methods. This paper provides in-depth insight on citizens' perceptions of knowledge of biomonitoring, impact of chemical exposure on daily life, and claims on how results of research should be used. Four semi-structured focus groups were held in Austria, Portugal, Ireland, and the United Kingdom (UK). The cross-sectional observational qualitative design of this study allows for better understanding of public concern regarding chemicals, application, and use of human biomonitoring. The main findings of this study include citizens' clear articulation on pathways of exposure, the demand on stakeholders for transparent decision-making, and sensitivity in communication of results to the public. Validated and trustful communication is perceived as key to empowering citizens to take action. The results can be used to facilitate decision-making and policy development, and feeds into the awareness needs of similar and future projects in human biomonitoring. Furthermore, it also brings to light ideas and concepts of citizens' in shaping collaborative knowledge between citizens', experts, scientists, and policy makers on equal terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Uhl
- Environment Agency Austria, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (S.B.-K.)
| | - Ricardo R. Santos
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.R.S.); (J.C.); (O.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Joana Costa
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.R.S.); (J.C.); (O.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Osvaldo Santos
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.R.S.); (J.C.); (O.S.); (A.V.)
- Unbreakable Idea Research, 2550-426 Painho, Portugal
| | - Ana Virgolino
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.R.S.); (J.C.); (O.S.); (A.V.)
| | - David S. Evans
- Health Service Executive, Department of Public Health, Merlin Park Regional Hospital, H91N973 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Cora Murray
- Health Service Executive, Environmental Health Service, H91EW40 Galway, Ireland; (C.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Maurice Mulcahy
- Health Service Executive, Environmental Health Service, H91EW40 Galway, Ireland; (C.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Dorothy Ubong
- Public Health England, London SE1 8UG, UK; (D.U.); (O.S.)
| | - Ovnair Sepai
- Public Health England, London SE1 8UG, UK; (D.U.); (O.S.)
| | | | - Michaela Leitner
- Environment Agency Austria, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (S.B.-K.)
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Taitingfong R, Bloss CS, Triplett C, Cakici J, Garrison N, Cole S, Stoner JA, Ohno-Machado L. A systematic literature review of Native American and Pacific Islanders' perspectives on health data privacy in the United States. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2020; 27:1987-1998. [PMID: 33063114 PMCID: PMC7727344 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Privacy-related concerns can prevent equitable participation in health research by US Indigenous communities. However, studies focused on these communities' views regarding health data privacy, including systematic reviews, are lacking. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review analyzing empirical, US-based studies involving American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (NHPI) perspectives on health data privacy, which we define as the practice of maintaining the security and confidentiality of an individual's personal health records and/or biological samples (including data derived from biological specimens, such as personal genetic information), as well as the secure and approved use of those data. RESULTS Twenty-one studies involving 3234 AI/AN and NHPI participants were eligible for review. The results of this review suggest that concerns about the privacy of health data are both prevalent and complex in AI/AN and NHPI communities. Many respondents raised concerns about the potential for misuse of their health data, including discrimination or stigma, confidentiality breaches, and undesirable or unknown uses of biological specimens. CONCLUSIONS Participants cited a variety of individual and community-level concerns about the privacy of their health data, and indicated that these deter their willingness to participate in health research. Future investigations should explore in more depth which health data privacy concerns are most salient to specific AI/AN and NHPI communities, and identify the practices that will make the collection and use of health data more trustworthy and transparent for participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley Taitingfong
- Department of Communication, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cinnamon S Bloss
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, Calit2, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cynthia Triplett
- Qualcomm Institute Calit2, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Julie Cakici
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Nanibaa’ Garrison
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shelley Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Julie A Stoner
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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