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Park SK, Jo HK, Song E. Mental Health and Smoking-Related Determinants of Alcohol Drinking Experience in Korean Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4724. [PMID: 36981633 PMCID: PMC10049051 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the determinants of mental health and smoking-related behaviors among Korean adolescents with drinking experience. Secondary data from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2021) were analyzed. The final study sample consisted of data from 5905 adolescents with a history of smoking. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the factors related to drinking experience. The factors that influenced alcohol drinking were sex, school level, academic performance, self-reported depression, and smoking. The results of this study showed that there are numerous factors affecting adolescents' drinking experience. Early education and interventions are needed to reduce alcohol consumption among adolescents. Integrated attention and support from society, school, and family are necessary so that they can cope with and adapt to stress in a healthy way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Kyoung Park
- College of Nursing, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Kyung Jo
- Department of Nursing, Jeon-ju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Song
- Department of Nursing, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
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Kim DH, Kim B, Jang SY, Lee SG, Kim TH. Sleep and Mental Health Among Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:637-645. [PMID: 36059052 PMCID: PMC9441459 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association of sleep with mental health among Korean adolescents during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS Using data from the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2020) of 46,475 adolescents, we examined sleep duration and satisfaction and examined mental health for depressive symptoms, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. The data were analyzed using complex sample descriptive statistics and a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS In 2020, the average sleep duration was 6.3 hours, and the sleep satisfaction rate was 30.8%. Depressive symptom and suicidal ideation rates were 24.2 and 10.3, respectively. These values are slightly better than those previously reported, before COVID-19. However, poor sleep was still associated with mental health. The likelihood of mental health problems was higher among those who slept for six hours or less than for those who slept for eight hours or more (p<0.05). Additionally, the results showed that the lower the sleep satisfaction, the higher the likelihood of mental health problems (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Even after the COVID-19 outbreak, poor sleep associated with mental health problems remained as high as before the outbreak of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hee Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomgyeol Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Yong Jang
- Department of Healthcare Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Healthcare Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xu S, Chen Y, Li Y, Yang S, Lu Y, Li L, Huang M, Ma M, Ou W, Lv G, Zhao X, Qin Y, Ju Y, Zhang Y, Li L. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the affective lability scale-short form in Chinese adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:881541. [PMID: 36465311 PMCID: PMC9713808 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.881541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies on the reliability and validity of the Affective Lability Scale short-form (ALS-SF) have only been evaluated in adults, which may not be able to generalize to the adolescent population. We aimed to examine the factor structure, the reliability and validity of ALS-SF among Chinese adolescents and construct an adolescent form of ALS (ALS-AF). METHODS A total of 1,439 middle school students were investigated with a broad survey including ALS-SF, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10-item (CD-RISC-10) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior self-report. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to investigate the structural validity of ALS-SF and construct ALS-AF. Cronbach's α was used to assess the internal consistency and reliability of the scale. Factor loading, Average Variance Extracted (AVE) and Composite Reliability (CR) were applied to measure the convergent validity and divergent validity. Besides, Correlation and regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between affective lability and depression, anxiety, NSSI and resilience. RESULTS Factor analysis failed to support the original three-factor model of 18-item ALS-SF and confirmed the three-factor model of 15-item ALS-AF. The ALS-AF showed good internal consistency as well as strong convergent and discriminative validity. Besides, ALS-AF was positively correlated with PHQ-9, GAD-7 and self-harm, and was negatively associated with resilience. CONCLUSION Our study shows that the ALS-AF has good reliability and validity for testing affective lability in Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyin Xu
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Xiangya Medical School, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunjing Li
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yimei Lu
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mohan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenwen Ou
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanyi Lv
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqi Qin
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yumeng Ju
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Kim HR, Han MA. Associations between Problematic Smartphone Use, Unhealthy Behaviors, and Mental Health Status in Korean Adolescents: Based on Data from the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2017). Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:1216-1225. [PMID: 34724602 PMCID: PMC8560339 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the associations between problematic smartphone use, unhealthy behaviors, and mental health status among adolescents. METHODS The data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2017). From among the 62,276 adolescents who participated in this nationwide web-based survey, 54,603 (87.7%) who used smartphones were selected as the study population. Unhealthy behaviors included smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, skipping breakfast, and fast food consumption. For the examination of mental health status, we considered sleep disturbances, stress, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. The associations between problematic smartphone use, unhealthy behaviors, and mental health were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS More than four hours of use on weekdays (31.3%) and weekends (61.3%) and the use of smartphones for communication (46.9%) were associated with unhealthy behaviors and mental health problems. Furthermore, adolescents who experienced conflicts with family (22.3%) and friends (25.8%) and academic problems (3.4%) were likely to have health problems. CONCLUSION The results suggest that problematic smartphone use may disrupt adolescents' health. Therefore, there is a need for prevention programs for problematic smartphone use at home and at school to improve adolescents' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Ran Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Jeong YM, Park H. Influence of Parental Attitude Toward Psychiatric Help on Their Children's Suicidal Ideation: A Convenience Sample Study on One South Korean Middle School. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7656. [PMID: 33092234 PMCID: PMC7589456 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Depression, depression stigma, and attitude toward psychiatric help are associated factors of suicide in adolescents. As parents are the main decision-makers of receiving professional help for their children's depression and suicide, parental factors influencing their children's suicide should be examined. Moreover, parents' help-seeking attitude for their own mental health problems could affect their children's mental health problems. Therefore, this study examined the serial mediation of adolescents' depression, depression stigma, and attitude toward psychiatric help in the relationship between parental attitude toward psychiatric help and the suicidal ideation of their children, using data of 103 parent-child pairs. A cross-sectional study was conducted by employing a self-administered survey. A serial mediation analysis was performed using Amos 25.0. Parental attitude toward psychiatric help directly and indirectly influenced children's suicidal ideation. Children's depression stigma, attitude toward psychiatric help, and depression mediated the relationship of parental attitude toward psychiatric help and their children's suicidal ideation. When parents have a more positive attitude toward psychiatric help, their children's suicidal ideation become more decreased. Enhancing only parental attitude toward psychiatric help may make a positive change on their children's suicidal ideation. The study findings imply that when developing and applying youth suicide prevention programs, how parents affect their children's suicidal ideation should be considered as well as adolescents' depression stigma, attitude toward psychiatric help, and depression. Given the results of this study, healthcare providers may better evaluate the effectiveness of their intervention programs for preventing adolescents' suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Mi Jeong
- College of Nursing, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Korea;
| | - Hanjong Park
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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The Neglected Role of Physical Education Participation on Suicidal Ideation and Stress in High School Adolescents from South Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082838. [PMID: 32326078 PMCID: PMC7215916 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents are at high risk of suicidal ideation and stress. This study aimed to investigate how physical education participation predicts suicidal ideation and stress in South Korean high school students. Data from the Twelfth Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-Based Survey 2016 (KYRBS) were used for analyses. Two multiple logistic regressions were performed to determine the influence of selected factors on suicidal ideation and stress (model 1: subjective health, social support, body mass index, academic achievement, perceived economic status of family, and physical education participation; model 2: adjusting for school type and year). Model 2 revealed negative associations between subjective health, academic achievement, perceived economic status of family, social support, physical education participation (≥2 times/weekly), and suicidal ideation for male students. Female students exhibited negative associations between subjective health, social support, and academic achievement, along with a positive association between body mass index and suicidal ideation. For both genders, stress was negatively associated with subjective health, social support, academic achievement, perceived economic status of family, and physical education participation (≥2 times/weekly). These findings suggest that participating in physical education can mitigate the risk of suicidal ideation and stress among high school students.
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Rim SJ, Lee MG, Park S. Suicide Attempts and Contributing Factors among South and North Korean-Family Youth Using the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2020; 31:33-40. [PMID: 32612411 PMCID: PMC7324843 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.190035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: There is an increasing number of North Korean adolescents in South Korea. These adolescents need clinical attention as they experience a high risk of suicidal behavior because of the childhood adversity and acculturative challenges that they face before and after arriving in South Korea. This study assessed the risk of suicide attempts among North Korean adolescents compared to South Korean adolescents, and investigated the contributing factors for each group. Methods: We used data from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS) spanning 2011 to 2018, in which 404 adolescents had a father and/or mother who was a North Korean native. Data on 1,212 propensity-matched South Korean adolescents were extracted from the 2011 to 2018 KYRBS. Prevalence was calculated and compared by group. Separate odds ratios were calculated by group. Results: The North Korean group had a significantly higher suicide attempt rate [unadjusted odds ratio (OR)=8.27; adjusted OR=8.45]. Multivariate analysis indicated that having a low or high socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with suicide attempts in North Korean adolescents, while being female, having a high socioeconomic status, alcohol use, and depressive symptoms were significantly related to suicide attempts in South Korean adolescents. Conclusion: The results found similarities and differences in the factors associated with the likelihood of suicide attempts in the two groups. From these results, different approaches are needed when planning interventions for each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Rim
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Geu Lee
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Korea
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Park J, Catani C, Hermenau K, Elbert T. Exposure to family and organized violence and associated mental health in north Korean refugee youth compared to south Korean youth. Confl Health 2019; 13:46. [PMID: 31636698 PMCID: PMC6794884 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-019-0230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on populations affected by organized violence have shown elevated levels of family violence against children. This form of violence has been found to contribute to children's psychopathology independently of traumatic experiences related to war, persecution or flight. Little is known, so far, about the exposure to family violence and its relation to mental health in North Korean refugee youth affected by political violence. The aim of this study was to examine the amount of organized and family violence and associated psychopathology in a sample of North Korean refugee youth living in South Korea compared to their South Korean peers. METHODS Sixty-five North Korean refugee youth and 65 South Korean youth were recruited. Trained researchers conducted the survey in group meetings of five to ten participants. Using questionnaires researchers assessed traumatic experiences, family and organized violence, PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms and other mental health problems. RESULTS Higher rates of violence and trauma, and higher levels of mental health problems were found in the North Korean sample compared to the South Korean sample. Linear regression analyses including the various types of trauma as potential predictors showed that the severity of PTSD and depressive symptoms in the North Korean sample were associated with the amount of traumatic events and family violence but not with higher levels of organized violence. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that in a context of organized violence, abusive experiences by family members constitute an important problem that is strongly linked to the psychopathology of adolescents. Our data suggest that psychological treatment and prevention approaches for North Korean refugees should be carefully tailored to fit the specific requirements of this population and address the mental health of the individual as well as potential problems at the family level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinme Park
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Claudia Catani
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Unit, University of Bielefeld, Postbox 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Elbert
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Bang KS, Kim S, Korpela KM, Song MK, Lee G, Jeong Y. Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of the Children's Vitality-Relaxation Scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3369. [PMID: 31547249 PMCID: PMC6765921 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study developed the Children's Vitality-Relaxation Scale (CVRS) by revising the adult version of the Restoration Outcome Scale (ROS). The CVRS was translated and culturally adapted into Korean, and its reliability and validity were evaluated in a cross-sectional, descriptive design study. Data collected from 181 elementary school students in grades 4‒6 were used to test the validity and reliability of the CVRS. Exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, known-groups comparison, and Cronbach's alpha were used for analysis. The factor analysis indicated a two-factor structure, and all factor loadings were above 0.40. The CVRS was a seven-point Likert scale consisting of eight items, which were classified as "vitality" (four items) and "relaxation" (four items). The external construct validity with the PANAS, PSS, and SRI was acceptable. In the known-groups comparison, the CVRS score was significantly higher for boys than for girls, and the CVRS score for high-income students was higher than low-income students. The Cronbach's α for the scale was 0.84 and ranged from 0.72-0.87 for the subscales. Results showed that the CVRS is a valid and reliable scale with acceptable psychometric characteristics in Korean children. The scale can be used to measure children's affect in various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Sook Bang
- Faculty of College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Sungjae Kim
- Faculty of College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Kalevi M Korpela
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Min Kyung Song
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Gumhee Lee
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Yeseul Jeong
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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Cho MS, Kim JY. A study of factors affecting the physical activity of youth: analysis of data from the 13th youth health behavior online survey in 2017. J Exerc Rehabil 2019; 15:8-14. [PMID: 30899729 PMCID: PMC6416516 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1836616.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was intended to provide basic data to promote youth participation in physical activity by determining the factors that affect the physical activities of Korean youth. To achieve the purpose of this study, data obtained from the 13th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey in 2017 was used as raw data and data on 62,276 youths were analyzed by frequency analysis, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0. The results suggested gender (P<0.001), school grade (P<0.001), and residential type (P<0.001) in general characteristics; subjective health status (P<0.001), stress perception (P<0.001), and sleep satisfaction (P<0.001); and finally drinking experience (P<0.004), smoking experience (P<0.009), and skipping breakfast in the morning (P<0.009) as factors affecting Korean youth’s participation in physical activity. These results indicate that: male students participated in physical activities more than female students, and middle school students participated in physical activities more than high school students; students with a higher economic status and academic performance participated more in physical activities; and students with higher subjective health status, higher happiness, and higher sleep satisfaction, students who did not drink or smoke, and students who had breakfast participated more in physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Soo Cho
- Liberal Arts College, Chungwoon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Kim
- Exercise Rehabilitation Convergence Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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