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Akçakese A, Demirel M, Yolcu AF, Gümüş H, Ayhan C, Sarol H, Işık Ö, Harmandar Demirel D, Stoica L. Nature relatedness, flow experience, and environmental behaviors in nature-based leisure activities. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1397148. [PMID: 38903476 PMCID: PMC11189019 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1397148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Through nature-based leisure activities, spending time in nature offers opportunities to reduce stress, relax the mind, and enhance feelings of well-being. Being aware of the benefits provided by these activities increases the nature relatedness, and during the time spent in nature, it enables experiencing positive and satisfying moments by entering into a state of flow. The concepts of nature-relatedness and flow experience represent psychological experiences and characteristics that play an important role in enhancing psychological well-being and life quality. Methods Based on structural equation models, the relationships among nature-relatedness, flow experience, and environmental behaviors were investigated. Data were collected from 379 individuals (212 male, 167 female) who regularly engage in nature-based leisure activities such as cycling, hiking, and fishing. The participants were predominantly male (55.9%) and aged 45 years and over (53.3%). Results The nature-relatedness significantly influences flow experience (R 2 = 0.505, p < 0.01), environmental behavior (R 2 = 0.108, p < 0.01), environmental sensitivity (R 2 = 0.137, p < 0.01), and communication with nature (R 2 = 0.200, p < 0.01). Specifically, nature-relatedness directly enhanced environmental sensitivity (0.494 total effect), environmental behavior (0.604 total effect), and communication with nature (0.599 total effect) and did so both directly and indirectly through the mediation of flow experience. Discussion A higher level of nature-relatedness can lead to a stronger flow experience, which in turn can increase positive. environmental behavior, environmental sensitivity, and communication with nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andaç Akçakese
- Department of Recreation Management, Faculty of Tourism, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Demirel
- Department of Recreation Management, Faculty of Tourism, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Alperen Fatih Yolcu
- Department of Recreation Management, Institute of Social Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Hüseyin Gümüş
- Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sport Science, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Cihan Ayhan
- Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sport Science, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - Halil Sarol
- Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Özkan Işık
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
- Directorate of Sports Sciences Application and Research Center, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
| | | | - Leonard Stoica
- Department of Individual Sports and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Galati, Romania
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Korpisaari M, Puhakka S, Farrahi V, Niemelä M, Tulppo MP, Ikäheimo T, Korpelainen R, Lankila T. Physical activity, residential greenness, and cardiac autonomic function. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14505. [PMID: 37767772 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This population-based study examines the associations between physical activity (PA), residential environmental greenness, and cardiac health measured by resting short-term heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS Residential greenness of a birth cohort sample (n = 5433) at 46 years was measured with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) by fixing a 1 km buffer around each participant's home. Daily light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), and the combination of both (MVPA) were measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer for 14 days. Resting HRV was measured with a heart rate monitor, and generalized additive modeling (GAM) was used to examine the association between PA, NDVI, and resting HRV. RESULTS In nongreen areas, men had less PA at all intensity levels compared to men in green areas. Women had more LPA and total PA and less MPA, MVPA, and VPA in green residential areas compared to nongreen areas. In green residential areas, men had more MPA, MVPA, and VPA than women, whereas women had more LPA than men. GAM showed positive linear associations between LPA, MVPA and HRV in all models. CONCLUSIONS Higher LPA and MVPA were significantly associated with increased HRV, irrespective of residential greenness. Greenness was positively associated with PA at all intensity levels in men, whereas in women, a positive association was found for LPA and total PA. A positive relationship of PA with resting HRV and greenness with PA was found. Residential greenness for promoting PA and heart health in adults should be considered in city planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Korpisaari
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Soile Puhakka
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vahid Farrahi
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
- Institute for Sport and Sport Sciences, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maisa Niemelä
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
- Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko P Tulppo
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Ikäheimo
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Lankila
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Gál V, Dömötör Z. The role of connection with nature in empirical studies with physiological measurements: a systematic literature review. Biol Futur 2023; 74:281-294. [PMID: 37851283 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-023-00185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well described that exposure to nature reduces physiological stress, and connectedness to nature can have a moderating effect. However, few studies have so far examined the construction of the connection with nature in relation to physiological processes. In this systematic review, we collected studies that used a physiological measure and included a scale to measure connectedness to nature. Our aim was to assess the role of nature relatedness at the level of physiological processes and to summarize the results published so far. Our review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A literature search was conducted in 3 different databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar). As keywords, we used all the different questionnaires that measure connectedness to nature, combined with terms related to physiological measures. After final screening, 28 articles met the inclusion criteria for the review. The studies were very diverse in terms of purpose, intervention and methods, so narrative synthesis was conducted without measures of effect. We found evidence for a mediating effect of nature connectedness on the associations between nature exposure and cognitive function, brain activity, blood pressure, cortisol level and mental health. Studies investigating nature relatedness as state-like characteristics have shown that exposure to nature increases the level of connection to nature. Eye-tracking studies have confirmed that this measurement method can be used to investigate nature relatedness at a physiological level, which could be a useful complement to self-report questionnaires in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Gál
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Dömötör
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Hernández ED, Cobo EA, Cahalin LP, Seron P. Impact of environmental interventions based on social programs on physical activity levels: A systematic review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1095146. [PMID: 37033032 PMCID: PMC10078830 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1095146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The design of social programs at the environmental level such as in schools, parks, bicycle paths, or workspaces generates changes in the behavior of individuals and modifies lifestyles by increasing physical activity (PA) levels. Objective To determine the effectiveness of environmental interventions based on social programs by changing the population's level of PA. Methodology Natural experiment studies that involved environmental intervention programs at a social level were included. The primary outcome was PA levels with consideration of both objective and subjective measurements. An electronic search was carried out in Medline/Pubmed, SCIENCE DIRECT, WEB OF SCIENCE, and CINAHL databases up to January 2022 with two reviewers screening titles and abstracts and selecting studies for full-text reading. Two reviewers also acquired relevant data and evaluated study quality using the ROBINS I tool. A qualitative analysis was performed. Results Three thousand eight hundred and sixty-five articles were found in the 4 consulted databases. After eliminating duplication (200), two reviewers screened 3,665 titles and abstracts and excluded 3,566 that did not meet the inclusion criteria, leaving 99 articles to be read in full text. The 99 full texts were reviewed of which 24 papers met the eligibility criteria. All were natural experiments published between 2011 and 2020 and all evaluated environmental social programs revealing that social programs at the environmental level promoted PA in various populations at the community level worldwide. Conclusion The 24 reviewed studies suggest innovative proposals for social programs that seek to increase PA and promote healthy lifestyles related to public activity policies developed in the countries in which they were generated. Environmental social programs can positively impact PA levels among children and adults. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=229718, identifier: CRD42021229718.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar D. Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Human Movement Department, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Edgar D. Hernández
| | - Elisa A. Cobo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Lawrence P. Cahalin
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Pamela Seron
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Alahuhta J, Tukiainen H, Toivanen M, Ala-Hulkko T, Farrahi V, Hjort J, Ikäheimo TM, Lankila T, Maliniemi T, Puhakka S, Salminen H, Seppänen M, Korpelainen R, Ding D. Acknowledging geodiversity in safeguarding biodiversity and human health. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6:e987-e992. [PMID: 36495893 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Our existence on Earth is founded on a vital nature, which supports human physical and mental health. However, nature is often depicted only through biodiversity, whereas geodiversity-the diversity of non-living nature-has so far been neglected. Geodiversity consists of assemblages, structures, and systems of geological, geomorphological, soil, and hydrological components that fundamentally underlie biodiversity. Biodiversity can support overall human health only with the foundation of geodiversity. Landscape characteristics, such as varying topography or bodies of water, promote aesthetic and sensory experiences and are also a product of geodiversity. In this Personal View, we introduce the concept of geodiversity as a driver for planetary health, describe its functions and services, and outline the intricate relationships between geodiversity, biodiversity, and human health. We also propose an agenda for acknowledging the importance of geodiversity in health-related research and decision making. Geodiversity is an emerging topic with untapped potential for ensuring ecosystem functionality and good living conditions for people in a time of changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Alahuhta
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | | | - Maija Toivanen
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Terhi Ala-Hulkko
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Kerttu Saalasti Institute, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vahid Farrahi
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jan Hjort
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina M Ikäheimo
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tiina Lankila
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuija Maliniemi
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Soile Puhakka
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Marjo Seppänen
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ding Ding
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Bartholomew E, Roemer A, Medvedev ON. Validation and Enhancement of the 6-Item Nature-Relatedness Scale Using Rasch Analysis. ECOPSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2022.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Bartholomew
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anja Roemer
- School of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Oleg N. Medvedev
- School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Poulos A, Wilson K, Lanza K, Vanos J. A direct observation tool to measure interactions between shade, nature, and children's physical activity: SOPLAY-SN. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:127. [PMID: 36175908 PMCID: PMC9524068 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01355-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most physical activity (PA) during school occurs at recess; however, recess PA may be influenced by children's thermal comfort and interaction with nature, neither of which have concurrently been measured reliably in previous studies. This study tests the reliability of SOPLAY-SN, an adaption of the validated System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth (SOPLAY) to measure Shade and Nature (SN) alongside PA, and associations between children's PA and interaction with shade and nature during recess to highlight the utility of the tool. METHODS Interactions with shade and nature were measured using systematic direct observation at two playgrounds (primary-grade = ages 5-8, upper-grade = ages 9-12) during recess at an elementary school in Phoenix, Arizona (USA). Pairs conducted observations over four warm days (primary = 29-34 °C, upper-grade = 32-36 °C) in May 2021 (N = 179 scans). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to calculate inter-rater reliability. Mean counts, frequencies, and Kendall rank correlation coefficient tests were used to assess relations between PA level and interactions with shade and nature. RESULTS Reliability was good for sedentary behavior (ICC = 0.98); light PA (LPA; ICC = 0.80) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA; ICC = 0.94); shade interaction (ICC = 0.95); and nature interaction (ICC = 0.80) and average agreement was good (86% overall PA, 88% shade, 90% nature). Most (60%) primary-grade children were observed in the shade, with 64% under a covered play structure where children were mainly (47%) sedentary. Of the 11% of primary-grade students observed interacting with nature, 90% occurred in a grass field with trees. Among upper-grade children, 23% were observed in the shade with 53% in grass fields where 48% of play was light. Few (7%) upper-grade children were observed interacting with nature, with most instances (76%) in a grass field with trees. Among primary-grade children, shade was correlated with sedentary behavior (τb = 0.63, p < .05); LPA (τb = 0.39, p < .05); MVPA (τb = 0.56, p < .05); and nature interactions with sedentary behavior (τb = 0.16, p < .05). Among upper-grade children, shade was correlated with sedentary behavior (τb = 0.27, p < .05) and LPA (τb = 0.21, p < .05). CONCLUSIONS SOPLAY-SN is a reliable tool for measuring children's interaction with shade and nature and participation in PA. Understanding how shade and nature impact movement during recess can inform playground design for children's health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Poulos
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Kylie Wilson
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kevin Lanza
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Vanos
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Tao B, Chen H, Lu T, Yan J. The Effect of Physical Exercise and Internet Use on Youth Subjective Well-Being-The Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction and the Moderating Effect of Social Mentality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811201. [PMID: 36141468 PMCID: PMC9517512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Youth subjective well-being is enhanced not only from physical exercise but also from internet use. Based on the 2017 China General Social Survey (CGSS) data, the Bootstrap method was used to examine the mechanisms of the effects of physical exercise and internet use on youth subjective well-being. In this study, the questionnaire data of 619 Chinese young people (18-35 years old) were selected as the sample source. It was found that physical exercise (2.881 ± 1.352) and internet use (4.544 ± 0.756) had positive effects on youth subjective well-being (88.762 ± 11.793). Life satisfaction (2.253 ± 0.826) partially mediated the development of physical exercise and internet use on subjective well-being, with indirect effects of 34.1% and 30.4%, respectively. A social mindset (10.181 ± 1.966) played a moderating role in the relationship between physical exercise and youth subjective well-being and internet use and youth subjective well-being in both groups. The positive effects of physical exercise and internet use on youth subjective well-being gradually increased with the improvement in social mindset. This study revealed the mechanisms of physical activity and internet use on subjective well-being and that life satisfaction and the social mindset of youth are essential factors influencing subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Yan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1380-527-7800
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Tomasso LP, Laurent JGC, Chen JT, Catalano PJ, Spengler JD. Cultural Sets Shape Adult Conceptualizations and Relationships to Nature. SUSTAINABILITY 2021; 13:11266. [PMID: 36778665 PMCID: PMC9912744 DOI: 10.3390/su132011266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The variability of nature and the nature construct have complicated interpretations of empirical evidence from nature-based health studies. The challenge of defining nature exposure for purposes of methodological standardization may encompass constructs beyond vegetated landcover. This study offers a new construct for defining 'nature exposure' that considers cultural sets and nature familiarity. Focus group discussions across the United States (N = 126) explored the concept of what constitutes the relationship to nature. The participant diversity included regions, cultural demographics, cumulative nature experience, and everyday nature exposure. Mixed methods of semi-structured discussion and a photo exercise that prompted nature connectedness allowed for data triangulation and the detection of contradictions between approaches. Individuals conceptualized nature in ways reflecting highly personal and differentiated experiences, which defied consensus toward a single nature construct. The group scoring of photo imagery showed consistent high and low levels of nature connectedness with respect to wildness and outdoor urban venues, respectively, but diverged in the assessment of nature within the built environment. Everyday nature exposure significantly differentiated how groups conceptualized and related to nature imagery. This result may indicate an unmet biophilic need among groups with low backgrounds of nature exposure. The contrasts between the discussion content and the observed reactions to nature imagery showed the value of using mixed methods in qualitative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Powers Tomasso
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Population Health Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Jarvis T. Chen
- Population Health Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul J. Catalano
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John D. Spengler
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Gao Y, Liu K, Zhou P, Xie H. The Effects of Residential Built Environment on Supporting Physical Activity Diversity in High-Density Cities: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6676. [PMID: 34206166 PMCID: PMC8296925 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In high-density cities, physical activity (PA) diversity is an essential indicator of public health and urban vitality, and how to meet the demands of diverse PA in a limited residential built environment is critical for promoting public health. This study selected Shenzhen, China, as a representative case; combined the diversity of PA participants, types, and occurrence times to generate a comprehensive understanding of PA diversity; fully used data from multiple sources to measure and analyze PA diversity and residential built environment; analyzed the relationships between the built environment and PA diversity; and explored the different effects in clustered and sprawled high-density urban forms. PAs in clustered areas were two times more diverse than those in sprawled areas. Accessibility, inclusiveness, and landscape attractiveness of residential built environment jointly improved PA diversity. Clustered areas had significant advantages in supporting PA diversity since they could keep the balance between dense residence and landscape reservation with an accessible and inclusive public space system. The residential built environment with dense street networks, public traffic and service, multi-functional public space system, and attractive landscapes is crucial to improve the diverse PA to achieve more public health outputs in high-density cities. To promote health-oriented urban development, clustered urban form is advocated, and step-forward strategies should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Architecture, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.G.); (P.Z.)
| | - Kun Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Architecture, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.G.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peiling Zhou
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Architecture, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.G.); (P.Z.)
| | - Hongkun Xie
- Gemdale Group South China Real Estate Company, Shenzhen 518016, China;
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Keaulana S, Kahili-Heede M, Riley L, Park MLN, Makua KL, Vegas JK, Antonio MCK. A Scoping Review of Nature, Land, and Environmental Connectedness and Relatedness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5897. [PMID: 34072764 PMCID: PMC8199312 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The importance of nature and the environment in relation to human health is coalescing, as demonstrated by the increased research that attempts to measure nature connectedness and relatedness. These findings align with constructs of cultural connectedness that assess for land connectedness as part of Indigenous ways of knowing. From an Indigenous worldview, relationships with the environment are critical to wellbeing. The purpose of this comprehensive systematic scoping literature review was two-fold: (1) identify and summarize existing measures of land, nature, and/or environmental connectedness, relatedness, and attitudes and (2) evaluate the psychometric properties of these scales. In total, 1438 articles were retrieved from select databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL (EBSCO), and Academic Search Complete (EBSCO). The final searches and application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria resulted in 57 unique articles and 38 scales categorized as connectedness and relatedness scales (n = 9 scales), attitudinal and values-based scales (n = 16 scales), cultural and spiritually based scales (n = 9 scales), and paradigm-based scales (n = 4 scales) (articles could be placed in multiple categories). Psychometric properties and general outcomes associated with nature-related scales are reported, with implications for future education, research, practice, and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Keaulana
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (S.K.); (M.K.-H.); (L.R.); (K.L.M.); (J.K.V.)
- Native Hawaiian and Indigenous Health, Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Melissa Kahili-Heede
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (S.K.); (M.K.-H.); (L.R.); (K.L.M.); (J.K.V.)
- Health Sciences Library, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Lorinda Riley
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (S.K.); (M.K.-H.); (L.R.); (K.L.M.); (J.K.V.)
- Native Hawaiian and Indigenous Health, Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Mei Linn N. Park
- Department of Social Work, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 1960 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| | - Kuaiwi Laka Makua
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (S.K.); (M.K.-H.); (L.R.); (K.L.M.); (J.K.V.)
- Native Hawaiian and Indigenous Health, Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jetney Kahaulahilahi Vegas
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (S.K.); (M.K.-H.); (L.R.); (K.L.M.); (J.K.V.)
- Native Hawaiian and Indigenous Health, Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Mapuana C. K. Antonio
- Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (S.K.); (M.K.-H.); (L.R.); (K.L.M.); (J.K.V.)
- Native Hawaiian and Indigenous Health, Office of Public Health Studies, Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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12
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Nature relatedness as a potential factor to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in Ecuadorian children. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251972. [PMID: 34015022 PMCID: PMC8136842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nature relatedness can be associated with health-related outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the associations of nature relatedness with physical activity and sedentary behavior. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 9–12 year old children living in Cuenca, Ecuador, was conducted between October 2018 and March 2019. Questionnaires were used to evaluate physical activity (PAQ-C), out-of-school sedentary behavior, nature relatedness and wellbeing. Associations of nature relatedness with physical activity, and sedentary behavior were evaluated using linear regression models or tobit regressions adjusted by age, sex, school type, wellbeing, and body mass index z-score. Results A total of 1028 children were surveyed (average age:10.4±1.22 years, 52% female.). Nature relatedness was positively associated with physical activity (β = 0.07; CI 95%: 0.05–0.09; p < 0.001) and non-screen-related sedentary leisure (β = 3.77 minutes; CI 95%: 0.76–6.68; p < 0.05); it was negatively associated with screen time (β = -5.59 minutes; CI 95%: -10.53–0.65; p < 0.05). Conclusions Findings suggest that nature relatedness is associated with physical activity and some sedentary behaviors among Ecuadorian school-age children. The promotion of nature relatedness has the potential to improve health.
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Virtual Reality Representations of Nature to Improve Well-Being amongst Older Adults: a Rapid Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:464-485. [PMID: 33688575 PMCID: PMC7934124 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-021-00195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Poor well-being amongst older adults poses a serious health concern. Simultaneously, research shows that contact with nature can improve various facets of well-being, including physical, social, and mental well-being. However, nature is not always accessible for older adults due to mobility restrictions and related care needs that come with age. A promising strategy aims at bringing nature inside through pervasive technologies. However, so far, there is little academic understanding of essential nature characteristics, psychological processes involved, and means for implementation in practice. The current study used a three-folded rapid review to assess current understanding and strategies used for improving well-being for older adults through virtual reality representations of nature. Searches were performed across three databases, followed-up by content-based evaluation of abstracts. In total, a set of 25 relevant articles was identified. Only three studies specifically focus on digital nature as an intervention strategy for improving well-being amongst older adults. Although these studies provide useful starting points for the design and (technological) development of such environments, they do not generate understanding of how specific characteristics of virtual nature representations impact social well-being measures in particular, and of the underlying psychological processes involved. We conclude that follow-up research is warranted to close the gap between insights and findings from nature research, gerontology, health research, and human-technology interaction.
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Enhancing Adolescent Girls' Well-Being in the Arctic-Finding What Motivates Spending Time in Nature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18042052. [PMID: 33669840 PMCID: PMC7923223 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: According to previous studies, the natural environment positively influences well-being, including that of adolescent girls. However, knowledge is lacking on what motivates adolescent girls to spend time in nature. A secondary analysis of qualitative data was conducted employing three preexisting sets of interview data that had formed the basis of previously published research reports. A novel perspective on what motivates adolescent girls in the Arctic to spend time in nature was uncovered—a finding that previous articles have not reported. Aim: The aim was to describe what motivates adolescent girls in the Arctic to spend time in nature. Methods: The participants were adolescent girls aged 13 to 16 living in the province of Finnish Lapland. The girls wrote about well-being (n = 117) and were interviewed (n = 19) about the meaning of seasonal changes, nature and animals’ influence on well-being. Also, five focus group interviews (n = 17) were held. The materials were analyzed by inductive content analysis. Results: After the secondary analysis, three generic categories were found: (1) wanting to have pleasant emotions, (2) the possibility of participating in activities and (3) a desire to feel better. The main category of “need to experience positive sensations” was formed. Conclusion: Based on these results, through personalized guidance and advice, it is possible to strengthen adolescent girls’ willingness to spend time in nature.
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Gandy S, Forstmann M, Carhart-Harris RL, Timmermann C, Luke D, Watts R. The potential synergistic effects between psychedelic administration and nature contact for the improvement of mental health. Health Psychol Open 2020; 7:2055102920978123. [PMID: 33335742 PMCID: PMC7724423 DOI: 10.1177/2055102920978123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic psychedelic administration and contact with nature have been
associated with the same psychological mechanisms: decreased
rumination and negative affect, enhanced psychological connectedness
and mindfulness-related capacities, and heightened states of awe and
transcendent experiences, all processes linked to improvements in
mental health amongst clinical and healthy populations. Nature-based
settings can have inherently psychologically soothing properties which
may complement all stages of psychedelic therapy (mainly preparation
and integration) whilst potentiating increases in nature relatedness,
with associated psychological benefits. Maximising enhancement of
nature relatedness through therapeutic psychedelic administration may
constitute an independent and complementary pathway towards
improvements in mental health that can be elicited by
psychedelics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Gandy
- Centre for Psychedelic Research,
Imperial College London, UK
- Synthesis Institute, The
Netherlands
- Sam Gandy, Synthesis Institute B.V.,
Korte Leidsedwarsstraat 12, 1017 RC Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | - David Luke
- Centre for Psychedelic Research,
Imperial College London, UK
- University of Greenwich, UK
| | - Rosalind Watts
- Centre for Psychedelic Research,
Imperial College London, UK
- Synthesis Institute, The
Netherlands
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Schwarzmüller-Erber G, Stummer H, Maier M, Kundi M. Nature Relatedness of Recreational Horseback Riders and Its Association with Mood and Wellbeing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17114136. [PMID: 32531937 PMCID: PMC7312614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Connectedness to nature and nature contact can provide many benefits to humans, like stress reduction, recovery from illness, and increased positive emotions. Likewise, recreational horseback riding is a widespread sports activity with the potential to enhance physical and psychological health. Yet, the influence of connectedness to nature on the wellbeing of older aged recreational horseback riders has not been investigated so far. The aim of the present study therefore was to explore the relationship between nature relatedness and physical, psychological and social wellbeing and happiness. The study sample was composed of Austrian recreational horseback riders aged 45 years and older, who were compared with dog owners and people without pets (n = 178). We found significantly higher nature relatedness, significantly higher overall wellbeing and a significantly better mood rating in recreational horseback riders compared to people without pets and similar scores compared to dog owners. Physical wellbeing is correlated with overall nature relatedness in horseback riders and dog owners, but no correlation was found in people without pets. A structural equation model shows a direct relationship between nature relatedness and mood in horseback riders and an indirect relationship through pet attachment in dog owners. The results suggest the activity with horses and dogs in nature environments is a source of wellbeing, enjoyment, self-confidence and social contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Schwarzmüller-Erber
- Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences FH Campus Wien, Favoritenstrasse 226, 1100 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Harald Stummer
- Institute for Management & Economics in Health Care, UMIT, 6060 Hall i.T., Austria;
- Faculty of Business, University Seeburg Castle, Seeburgstraße 8, 5201 Seekirchen/Wallersee, Austria
| | - Manfred Maier
- Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Michael Kundi
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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