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Jiang H, Zhang X, Zhang C, Lu R, Zhou C, Ouyang L, Xing H, Vermund SH, Shao Y, Ruan Y, Wu G, Qian HZ. Trends of HIV, hepatitis C virus and syphilis seroprevalence among injection and non-injection drug users in southwestern China, 2010-2017. AIDS Care 2024; 36:612-617. [PMID: 33345591 PMCID: PMC10767711 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1856320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: The primary risk of HIV transmission in China has shifted from injecting drug use (IDU) to sexual contact since 2006. We evaluated the prevalence trends of HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis, and sexual and drug use behaviors among drug users. Methods: People who use drugs participated in any of four rounds of cross-sectional surveys during 2010-2017 in Chongqing. Participants were tested for HIV, HCV, and syphilis. Questionnaire interviewing was conducted to collect behavioral information. Chi-square and trend tests were employed to assess the changes in diseases and behaviors over time. Results: A total of 8,171 people who inject drugs (PWID) and 5,495 non-injection drug users (NIDU) were included in the analyses. HIV prevalence among PWID in four rounds of the survey in 2010-11, 2012-13, 2014-15, and 2016-17 was 11.5%, 9.7%, 6.5%, and 6.9%, and among NIDU, 2.4%, 1.4%, 2.1% and 2.6%, respectively. HCV prevalence among PWID was 83.5%, 85.2%, 67.1% and 79.7% (P < 0.001), and among NIDU, 22.2%, 10.8%, 13.4% and 14.8%, (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The declining HIV and HCV prevalence among PWID is coincident with declining risky drug use behaviors. Tailored disease prevention and interventions targeting PWID and NIDU are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehong Jiang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangjun Zhang
- College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rongrong Lu
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Ouyang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sten H. Vermund
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (SKLID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohui Wu
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han-Zhu Qian
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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Langkulsen U, Mareke P, Lambonmung A. Migrants and Healthcare during COVID-19, the Case of Kanchanaburi Province in Thailand. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2724. [PMID: 37893798 PMCID: PMC10606567 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, as reported by the WHO in December 2019 and subsequently declared a public health emergency of international concern, a distinct set of risk factors and vulnerabilities faced by migrants are affecting their exposure to the pandemic and its associated outcomes. This study aims to analyze the social determinants of health among migrants and their associated factors and compare the socio-demographic characteristics, patterns of COVID-19, and healthcare attendance and utilization among migrant workers and non-migrants. A descriptive study design was used to analyze COVID-19 morbidity among migrant workers. There were a total of 73,762 migrants living in the province by December 2021, with varied statuses and nationalities. Most of the migrants were from Myanmar, constituting about 80.1%. A total of 24,837 COVID-19 cases in Kanchanaburi province were recorded in 2020-2021. COVID-19 cases among migrant workers accounted for 22.3% during the period under review. Half, 2914 (52.7%) of the migrant female workers were victims of COVID-19 infections. Persons under the age of 18 accounted for about one-fifth of all the COVID-19 cases. Older, over 60 years old, Thais had about twice (10.1%) the COVID-19 cases compared with the older migrants (5.5%). There was a significant increase in healthcare attendance and utilization by non-migrants and migrants during the year under review. Migrants are at high risk of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, public health guidance for the prevention of COVID-19 should prioritize safeguarding the health of migrants by considering their individual characteristics and actions. Enhancing health insurance schemes for migrants, particularly vulnerable migrant groups, is critical for inclusive and expanded healthcare access. Physical, social, and economic environments that impact the health and well-being of migrants should be integral to pandemic prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Langkulsen
- Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Bangkok 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand;
| | - Portia Mareke
- Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe;
| | - Augustine Lambonmung
- Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Bangkok 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand;
- Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Tamale P.O. Box TL 16, Ghana
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3
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Yang H, Li Y, Xu M, Hu Y, Yuan F, Liu L, Li L, Yuan D, Ye L, Zhou C, Zhang Y, Su L, Liang S. The Update of HIV-1 Prevalence and Incidence and Spatio-Temporal Analyses of HIV Recent Infection Among Four Sub-Groups in Sichuan, China During Surveillance Period Between 2016 and 2022. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6535-6548. [PMID: 37814665 PMCID: PMC10560476 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s428744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sichuan Province has gradually become a hot-spot for HIV/AIDS. Little is known about the HIV-1 incidence and prevalence among four sub-groups since 2015. Meanwhile, the distributions of hot-spot areas related to recent infection cases that indicate current transmission among the four subgroups are also rare. Objective The main purpose of this study was to assess the HIV-1 prevalence and incidence and to visualize the distributions of hot-spot areas of current transmission among four subgroups (people who inject drugs, male STD clinic attendees, female sex workers and men who had sex with men) during the surveillance period in Sichuan province between 2016 and 2022. Results Of the 267,617 individuals, 2158 HIV-positive samples were tested with Lag-Avidity EIA, among which 493 samples were identified as recent infections. Among people who inject drugs (PWID), both HIV-1 prevalence (from 1.41% to 0.34%) and incidence (from 0.03% to 0.140%) showed a significant decreasing trend. Among men who had sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSWs), and male STD clinic attendees, HIV-1 prevalence indicated significant decreasing trends, whereas HIV-1 incidence showed no significant changes. Spatial analysis demonstrated the formation of hot-spots and clusters of current transmissions sharing regional differences, mainly concentrated in the southeast, and most of these were consecutive hot-spots. Conclusion The prevention and control were efficacious and persistent. However, among the other three subgroups, there is a need for a regional cooperative in prevention and control approaches and collaborative research in many aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiping Li
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Xu
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengshun Yuan
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lunhao Liu
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ye
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Su
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Liang
- Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Luo D, Zhang K, Chen Y, Chen D, Zhao H, Luo G, Ke W, Wu S, Li L, Cao H, Cao B, Cai Y, Wang Z, Lin Q, Meng X, Zou H. Sexual risk behaviours among factory workers in Shenzhen, China: a cross-sectional study. Sex Health 2023; 20:315-322. [PMID: 37121601 DOI: 10.1071/sh23033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factory workers are a key population for HIV transmission in China, as they often engage in sexual risk behaviours. This study aims to evaluate sexual risk behaviours and associated factors among factory workers in Shenzhen, China. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted by using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. Full-time workers aged ≥18years were eligible to participate in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were applied to assess factors associated with sexual risk behaviours. RESULTS A total of 2029 factory workers were included. Mean age was 37.2 (±4.4)years; 48.5% were men. Two-thirds (64.9%) had had vaginal intercourse. Their sexual risk behaviours included condomless sex with casual partners in the last sex episode (23.6%), multiple sex partners (11.5%) and engaging in commercial sex (8.4%), in the past year. Having HIV/AIDS knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-0.70) and using a condom at sexual debut (AOR 0.08, 95% CI 0.05-0.13) were factors associated with condomless sex with casual partners in the last sex episode. Males (AOR 3.03, 95% CI 1.96-4.69 and AOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.33-3.60), local workers (AOR 2.11, 95% CI 1.01-4.42 and AOR 3.42, 95% CI 1.63-7.21), being single (AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.39-3.01 and AOR 2.49, 95% CI 1.61-3.87), having sexual debut aged Conclusions : Sexual risk behaviours were prevalent despite most participants having basic HIV/AIDS knowledge. Future workplace-based prevention programs should target factory workers and there should be a focus on enhanced sexual education to reduce HIV transmission in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kechun Zhang
- Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaqi Chen
- Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dahui Chen
- Shenzhen Health Development Research and Data Management Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Heping Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ganfeng Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wujian Ke
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaomin Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linghua Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Cao
- Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bolin Cao
- School of Media and Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixin Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qihui Lin
- Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojun Meng
- Wuxi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; and Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Wu Z, Fu G, Wen Q, Wang Z, Shi LE, Qiu B, Wang J. Spatiotemporally Comparative Analysis of HIV, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, HIV-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfection in Jiangsu Province, China. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4039-4052. [PMID: 37383602 PMCID: PMC10296641 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s412870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a severe chronic communicable disease that causes a heavy disease burden in China. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and PTB coinfection dramatically increases the risk of death. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV, PTB and HIV-PTB coinfection in Jiangsu Province, China, and explores the impact of socioeconomic determinants. Patients and Methods The data on all notified HIV, PTB and HIV-PTB coinfection cases were extracted from Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. We applied the seasonal index to identify high-risk periods of the disease. Time trend, spatial autocorrelation and SaTScan were used to analyze temporal trends, hotspots and spatiotemporal clusters of diseases. The Bayesian space-time model was conducted to examine the socioeconomic determinants. Results The case notification rate (CNR) of PTB decreased from 2011 to 2019 in Jiangsu Province, but the CNR of HIV and HIV-PTB coinfection had an upward trend. The seasonal index of PTB was the highest in March, and its hotspots were mainly distributed in the central and northern parts, such as Xuzhou, Suqian, Lianyungang and Taizhou. HIV had the highest seasonal index in July and HIV-PTB coinfection had the highest seasonal index in June, with their hotspots mainly distributed in southern Jiangsu, involving Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. The Bayesian space-time interaction model showed that socioeconomic factor and population density were negatively correlated with the CNR of PTB, and positively associated with the CNR of HIV and HIV-PTB coinfection. Conclusion The spatial heterogeneity and spatiotemporal clusters of PTB, HIV and HIV-PTB coinfection are exhibited obviously in Jiangsu. More comprehensive interventions should be applied to target TB in the northern part. While in southern Jiangsu, where the economic level is well-developed and the population density is high, we should strengthen the prevention and control of HIV and HIV-PTB coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuchao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gengfeng Fu
- Department of STI and HIV Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheyue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin-en Shi
- Department of STI and HIV Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beibei Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People’s Republic of China
- Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People’s Republic of China
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Han L, Xiong W, Li M, Li R, Wu J, Tang X, Ling L, Liu X. Couple-level determinants of syphilis infection among heterosexual married couples of reproductive age in Guangdong Province, China: A population-based cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1004246. [PMID: 36324455 PMCID: PMC9620861 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1004246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Syphilis remains a major public health problem worldwide, and its prevention requires knowledge of factors that go beyond the individual-level. However, most syphilis-related studies have focused on individual-level and regional-level factors, neglecting couple-level factors. Thus, this study aimed to explore couple-level determinants of syphilis infection among heterosexual married couples. Methods This population-based cross-sectional study used data from heterosexual married couples who participated in the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project in Guangdong Province, China during 2014-2019. The syphilis infection was tested by the rapid plasma reagin test. Couple-level data were obtained by combining information provided by the man and woman living in the same household. Multivariate logistic models were employed to explore the couple-level determinants of syphilis infection by gender after adjusting for potential confounders. Results A total of 1,755,156 couples were recruited in this analysis. The seroprevalence was 0.25% (95%CI: 0.24-0.25%) and 0.26% (95%CI: 0.25-0.27%) among men and women, respectively. The median age was 28.0 (interquartile range, IQR: 25.0-31.0) years, and the median duration of marriage was 0.2 (IQR: 0.0-2.5) years. After adjusting for individual and regional-level variables, duration of marriage was a protective factor for syphilis infection in men (adjusted odds ratios, AOR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96-0.98) and women (AOR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.94-0.96). The age gap and the difference in education level between the husband and wife were associated with syphilis infection, but these associations were somewhat different between men and women. Condom use was negatively associated with syphilis infection in men (AOR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.70-0.84) and women (AOR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.71-0.84). Our results also showed that couple mobility and the number of children were not statistically significant determinants of syphilis infection among heterosexual married couples. Conclusion This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of syphilis outcomes in individuals in the context of marriage in China. Several couple-level factors are indeed associated with syphilis infection, but these associations differ between men and women. Couple-based strategies that engage both women and men and efforts to promote condom use among heterosexual married couples need to be developed and further evaluated for syphilis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxue Xiong
- Faculty of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhen Li
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Faculty of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabao Wu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xijia Tang
- Faculty of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Ling
- Faculty of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,Clinical Research Design Division, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,Li Ling
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaohua Liu
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Sun X, Feng C, Feng L, Xiao T, Zhao X, Liu H, Wang Z, Chen C, Zhou S, Zhou D. An exploratory transmission mode of HIV/AIDS among older people based on data from multiple sources in China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16077. [PMID: 36168023 PMCID: PMC9515084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV/AIDS cases and proportion in older people are continuously and rapidly increasing in China, especially in males. However, the transmission mechanism is not well understood. This study aims to explore the transmission mechanism of HIV/AIDS and potential ways to prevent or control HIV/AIDS transmission in a city in southwestern China. Data from multiple sources, including HIV/AIDS case reports in 2010–2020, a survey of HIV/AIDS cases in 2020, and sentinel surveillance data of female sex workers (FSWs) in 2016–2020 were analyzed. We explored the transmission mechanism of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and older. In this city, the number of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and older increased from 2010 to 2019, and decreased in 2020. The number of male and female cases aged 50 years and older both increased rapidly in 2017–2019, though the number of male cases was larger than that of female. The survey data showed that 84.7% of older male cases reported commercial sexual behavior, among whom 87.7% reported never using condom and 37.6% reported more than 10 times of commercial sexual behaviors in 1 year. In terms of price of sexual behavior, 68.3% of older male cases sought low-tier FSWs among whom the HIV/AIDS positive rate was 5.4% from the sentinel surveillance data. These results suggested HIV transmission between older men and low-tier FSWs through commercial sexual behavior. Among female cases aged 50 years and older, most reported non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual (60.5%) or regular sexual partner (31.4%) transmission, suggesting that they were infected by their spouse/regular sexual partner. Data of matched couples showed that most male cases had both marital sexual behavior and commercial sexual behavior, or acquired HIV through commercial sexual behavior, while most female cases had only marital sexual behavior. Based on these findings, we proposed a transmission mode of that local older male people and FSWs are transmitting bilaterally through commercial sexual behavior, and local older male people are spreading to local older female people through spouse or regular sexual partner route. By studying data from multiple sources, we explored the HIV transmission mode among older people. In the meantime, we found that marital status had a different impact on male and female old people in their sex behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Sun
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caibi Feng
- Luzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, China
| | - Liao Feng
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Ticheng Xiao
- Luzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinran Zhao
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Luzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiu Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Luzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, China
| | - Shoulin Zhou
- Luzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, China
| | - Dinglun Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Systematic Review of Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence in the WHO Western Pacific Region. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071548. [PMID: 35891529 PMCID: PMC9320901 DOI: 10.3390/v14071548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review aimed to identify hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence estimates among the general population and six key populations (people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, sex workers, prisoners/detainees, Indigenous people, and migrants) in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region (WHO WPR). METHODS Original research articles published between 2016 and 2020 were identified from bibliographic databases. Publications were retrieved, replicas removed, and abstracts screened. Retained full texts were assessed and excluded if inclusion criteria were not met. Methodological quality was assessed using the Johanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence data. Data on HCV exposure and active infection were extracted and aggregated and forest plots generated for each population by country. RESULTS There were no HCV prevalence estimates in any population for more than half of WPR countries and territories. Among the 76 estimates, 97% presented prevalence of exposure and 33% prevalence of active infection. General population viraemic prevalence was 1% or less, except in Mongolia. Results confirm the endemic nature of HCV among people who inject drugs, with estimates of exposure ranging from 30% in Cambodia to 76% in Hong Kong. CONCLUSIONS Countries require detailed knowledge of HCV prevalence in diverse populations to evaluate the impact of efforts to support WHO HCV elimination goals. Results provide baseline estimates from which to monitor and evaluate progress and by which to benchmark future elimination efforts.
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Zhao L, Wang HT, Ye RZ, Li ZW, Wang WJ, Wei JT, Du WY, Yin CN, Wang SS, Liu JY, Ji XK, Wang YC, Cui XM, Liu XY, Li CY, Qi C, Liu LL, Li XJ, Xue FZ, Cao WC. Profile and dynamics of infectious diseases: a population-based observational study using multi-source big data. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:332. [PMID: 35379167 PMCID: PMC8977827 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current surveillance system only focuses on notifiable infectious diseases in China. The arrival of the big-data era provides us a chance to elaborate on the full spectrum of infectious diseases. Methods In this population-based observational study, we used multiple health-related data extracted from the Shandong Multi-Center Healthcare Big Data Platform from January 2013 to June 2017 to estimate the incidence density and describe the epidemiological characteristics and dynamics of various infectious diseases in a population of 3,987,573 individuals in Shandong province, China. Results In total, 106,289 cases of 130 infectious diseases were diagnosed among the population, with an incidence density (ID) of 694.86 per 100,000 person-years. Besides 73,801 cases of 35 notifiable infectious diseases, 32,488 cases of 95 non-notifiable infectious diseases were identified. The overall ID continuously increased from 364.81 per 100,000 person-years in 2013 to 1071.80 per 100,000 person-years in 2017 (χ2 test for trend, P < 0.0001). Urban areas had a significantly higher ID than rural areas, with a relative risk of 1.25 (95% CI 1.23–1.27). Adolescents aged 10–19 years had the highest ID of varicella, women aged 20–39 years had significantly higher IDs of syphilis and trichomoniasis, and people aged ≥ 60 years had significantly higher IDs of zoster and viral conjunctivitis (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Infectious diseases remain a substantial public health problem, and non-notifiable diseases should not be neglected. Multi-source-based big data are beneficial to better understand the profile and dynamics of infectious diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07313-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Run-Ze Ye
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Li
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Te Wei
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wan-Yu Du
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao-Nan Yin
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Yue Liu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Ji
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Yong-Chao Wang
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-da Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Liu
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun-Yu Li
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Li
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Fu-Zhong Xue
- Institute for Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 12550 Erhuan Donglu, Jinan, 250002, China.
| | - Wu-Chun Cao
- Institute of EcoHealth, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-da Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Yuan FS, Liu L, Liu LH, Zeng YL, Zhang LL, He F, Liu XJ, Li JM, Liu Q, Xu MJ, Zhuoma L, Hu Y, Pei XD, Luan RS. Epidemiological and spatiotemporal analyses of HIV/AIDS prevalence among older adults in Sichuan, China between 2008 and 2019: A population-based study. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 105:769-775. [PMID: 33618006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe epidemiological trends and spatial distributions of HIV/AIDS among older adults (aged ≥50) in Sichuan Province, China during 2008-19, and provide scientific reference for HIV/AIDS prevention, intervention and treatment. METHODS Data on HIV/AIDS cases reported in 2008-19 was extracted from the Case Report System. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to determine epidemic trends. Spatial autocorrelation and space-time analysis were conducted with ArcGIS10.6 and ArcGIS Pro2.4, respectively. RESULTS A total of 77854 HIV/AIDS cases among older adults were included in the study. Newly reported cases increased from 320 in 2008 to 22189 in 2019, and the reported incidence rate (number of new reported cases/older adult population) rose from 0.001% to 0.077%. Infections through heterosexual transmission increased from 65.3% to 98.2% of total cases in older adults in this period. Spatial analysis at the county-level showed significant clustering throughout Sichuan, with the main hot spots concentrated in the southeast. Spatiotemporal analysis indicated that most of the southeastern counties/districts were Consecutive Hot Spots. CONCLUSIONS Older adults have become a key population in the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Sichuan; comprehensive prevention and intervention measures targeted to older adults are urgently needed to control the spread of HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Shun Yuan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lun-Hao Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Li Zeng
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Lin Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang He
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jin Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ju-Mei Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng-Jiao Xu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lacuo Zhuoma
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-di Pei
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong-Sheng Luan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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