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Macfarlane GJ, D'Angelo S, Ntani G, Walker-Bone K. Impact of fatigue on work productivity and health-related job loss. Occup Med (Lond) 2024:kqae056. [PMID: 38970820 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is commonly reported in population surveys and has been identified in patients with health conditions as a key co-morbidity which makes remaining in work challenging. Such patients, however, rarely have access to programmes to help them manage their fatigue. AIMS To quantify the relationship between fatigue, work impairment and health-related job loss. METHODS We use data from the Health and Employment After Fifty study, a longitudinal study of people aged 50-64 years when recruited through general practices in England in 2013-14. During follow-up, fatigue was measured using the Fatigue Assessment Scale, work impairment was assessed using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scale, and changes in employment status were recorded. RESULTS A total of 2743 participants were eligible for the current analysis; 23% satisfied criteria for being fatigued. People who were fatigued were less likely to have a partner, university degree, be physically active and were more likely to be obese. Their job was more likely to involve shifts, be perceived as insecure, have reported difficulties coping with job demands, and be unsatisfying. After adjustment for socio-economic, lifestyle and work-related factors, they were almost twice as likely to report both work impairment (relative risk 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6, 2.1) and future health-related job loss, although the latter effect was only in those with other morbidities (incidence rate ratio 1.96; 95% CI 1.03-3.72). CONCLUSIONS Providing evidence-based support for workers with health conditions who experience fatigue may have an important impact at a population level in terms of extending working lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Macfarlane
- Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
- Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - S D'Angelo
- Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - G Ntani
- Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - K Walker-Bone
- Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- Monash Centre for Occupational & Environmental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, VIC 3004, Australia
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Ronchese F, Ricci F, Peccolo G, Persechino B, Rondinone BM, Buresti G, Negro C, Bovenzi M, Miani A. Relation of the work ability index to fitness for work in healthcare and public employees in a region of Northeastern Italy. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:1203-1210. [PMID: 37584735 PMCID: PMC10504097 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Work ability indicates an individual's capacity to match job demands according to his/her physical and mental conditions and work circumstances. Occupational physicians should take into consideration the global health status of a worker in order to correctly assess if he/she is fit for the job. The aim of this study was to verify the association between fitness for work evaluation and Work Ability Index scores, as well as individual factors (age, gender, and anthropometric characteristics) and work-related variables (job type, years of working duration). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted within the occupational health surveillance of health and public employers in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region (2018-2022). The participants voluntarily agreed to answer the standard Work Ability Index questionnaire. Data were investigated by univariable as well as multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS The Work Ability Index of the workers included in the study (N = 6893) resulted negatively associated with age, female sex, and body mass index. It was averagely lower in nurses and assistive personnel, and the highest in medical doctors and public employers. The fitness for work assessments was also statistically related to WAI scores. The results obtained from the univariable and the multivariable analysis were consistent. CONCLUSIONS The Work Ability Index is an efficient tool to measure an individual's capability to sustain job demands, and can be taken into account to produce a correct fitness for work evaluation and consequently preserve workers' health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ronchese
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Peccolo
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34148, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Benedetta Persechino
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Monte Porzio Catone, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruna Maria Rondinone
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Monte Porzio Catone, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliana Buresti
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Monte Porzio Catone, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Negro
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Massimo Bovenzi
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Miani
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34148, Trieste, Italy
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Luli M, Yeo G, Farrell E, Ogden J, Parretti H, Frew E, Bevan S, Brown A, Logue J, Menon V, Isack N, Lean M, McEwan C, Gately P, Williams S, Astbury N, Bryant M, Clare K, Dimitriadis GK, Finlayson G, Heslehurst N, Johnson B, Le Brocq S, Roberts A, McGinley P, Mueller J, O'Kane M, Batterham RL, Miras AD. The implications of defining obesity as a disease: a report from the Association for the Study of Obesity 2021 annual conference. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 58:101962. [PMID: 37090435 PMCID: PMC10119881 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike various countries and organisations, including the World Health Organisation and the European Parliament, the United Kingdom does not formally recognise obesity as a disease. This report presents the discussion on the potential impact of defining obesity as a disease on the patient, the healthcare system, the economy, and the wider society. A group of speakers from a wide range of disciplines came together to debate the topic bringing their knowledge and expertise from backgrounds in medicine, psychology, economics, and politics as well as the experience of people living with obesity. The aim of their debate was not to decide whether obesity should be classified as a disease but rather to explore what the implications of doing so would be, what the gaps in the available data are, as well as to provide up-to-date information on the topic from experts in the field. There were four topics where speakers presented their viewpoints, each one including a question-and-answer section for debate. The first one focused on the impact that the recognition of obesity could have on people living with obesity regarding the change in their behaviour, either positive and empowering or more stigmatising. During the second one, the impact of defining obesity as a disease on the National Health Service and the wider economy was discussed. The primary outcome was the need for more robust data as the one available does not represent the actual cost of obesity. The third topic was related to the policy implications regarding treatment provision, focusing on the public's power to influence policy. Finally, the last issue discussed, included the implications of public health actions, highlighting the importance of the government's actions and private stakeholders. The speakers agreed that no matter where they stand on this debate, the goal is common: to provide a healthcare system that supports and protects the patients, strategies that protect the economy and broader society, and policies that reduce stigma and promote health equity. Many questions are left to be answered regarding how these goals can be achieved. However, this discussion has set a good foundation providing evidence that can be used by the public, clinicians, and policymakers to make that happen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Migena Luli
- Division of Medicine and Integrated Care, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giles Yeo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Farrell
- School of Education, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jane Ogden
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Parretti
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Frew
- Health Economics Unit, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Bevan
- HR Research Development, Institute for Employment, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Brown
- Department of Experimental and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Logue
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Team, University Hospitals and Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Nadya Isack
- Obesity Empowerment Network, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Lean
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul Gately
- Obesity Institute, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nerys Astbury
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Bryant
- Department of Health Sciences and the Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Clare
- European Coalition for People Living with Obesity, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios K. Dimitriadis
- Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Finlayson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Heslehurst
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Brett Johnson
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Audrey Roberts
- European Coalition for People Living with Obesity, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick McGinley
- Department of Finance, Maidstone & Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Mueller
- Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mary O'Kane
- Dietetic Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel L. Batterham
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Dimitri Miras
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, United Kingdom
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Gruszka W, Owczarek AJ, Glinianowicz M, Bąk-Sosnowska M, Chudek J, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M. Can Nutritional Status in Adults Be Influenced by Health Locus of Control? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15513. [PMID: 36497586 PMCID: PMC9740701 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The external health locus of control (HLC) is based on an assumption that obtained health results depend on the influences of external factors. As for the internal HLC-that is the effect of our own actions and capabilities. Little is known regarding how the HLC can influence body weight or the occurrence of visceral obesity. The study aimed to assess the relationship between the health locus of control and nutritional status in adults. The study included 744 adults (452 women, 292 men; 2.8% underweight, 43.8% normal weight, 29.7% overweight, and 23.7% obese). In addition to anthropometric measurement and socio-demographic data, the health locus of control, using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) by Wallston K, Wallston B, and DeVellis R, was assessed. The percentage of subjects with an internal HLC did not differ significantly between obese, overweight, and normal-weight groups. However, the percentage of subjects with an external HLC-dependent on the impact of others-was significantly higher in both men and women with obesity than in corresponding overweight and normal-weight groups (p < 0.01). Yet, the percentage of subjects with an external HLC subject to the impact of chance was significantly higher among overweight and obese women than in those of normal weight (p < 0.05) only. Women with overweight or obesity, with external health locus of control, experienced both the impact of others and of chance more often than women with normal weight. However, men with overweight and with obesity more often had external health locus of control influenced only by others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Gruszka
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksander J. Owczarek
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Glinianowicz
- Department of Psychology, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Bąk-Sosnowska
- Department of Psychology, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- WSB Academy, Department of Health Sciences, Cieplaka 1C Str., 41-300 Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
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Akokuwebe ME, Idemudia ES. Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Correlates of Body Weight Categories Among South African Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:715956. [PMID: 34760860 PMCID: PMC8572979 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.715956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The shift in disease patterns has been connected with increased body weight burden, becoming a major public health concern in South Africa, as previous studies have assessed overweight or obesity among certain populations. However, little is known about bodyweight burden (underweight, overweight, and obesity) among women aged 15-49 years. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the prevalence and its associated socio-demographic correlates of bodyweight categories among women of reproductive age in South Africa. Methods: The present study used the South Africa Demographic Health Survey (2016 SADHS) data for 2016. A total of 3,263 women of reproductive age were included in the analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistics regressions were performed to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of bodyweight categories among women in South Africa. Thus, this study used the criteria of the WHO standard body mass index (BMI) cut-offs to classify bodyweight categories. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were estimated for potential determinants included in the final model. Results: The overall prevalence of body weight burden was 66.5%, with 4.9% underweight, 27.1% overweight, and 34.5% obese (p < 0.05). The identified factors associated with underweight among women of reproductive age were those from "other" population group [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.65: 95% CI 1.40-5.00], rural residence (AOR 1.23: 95% CI 0.75-2.02), and Northern Cape Province (AOR 1.58: 95% CI 0.65-3.87). For overweight/obese, the main factors were those aged 45-49 years (AOR 10.73: 95% CI 7.41-15.52), tertiary education (AOR 1.41: 95% CI 0.97-2.03), and residing in Eastern Cape (AOR 1.27: 95% CI 0.82-1.99) and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces (AOR 1.20: 95% CI 0.78-1.84). Conclusion: The findings presented in this study indicate the concurrence of underweight and overweight/obese among women aged 15-49 years in South Africa. Despite underweight prevalence being on the decline, yet overweight/obese is increasing over time. The health implication of body weight burden needs rapid and effective interventions, focusing on factors such as rural, education, population group, older age 45-49 years, and Provinces (Northern Cape, Eastern Cape, and KwaZulu-Natal) - the high-risk groups identified herein are of most importance to curb the growing burden among South African women of reproductive age.
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De Bortoli MM, Oellingrath IM, Fell AKM, Burdorf A, Robroek SJW. Influence of lifestyle risk factors on work ability and sick leave in a general working population in Norway: a 5-year longitudinal study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045678. [PMID: 33550269 PMCID: PMC7925900 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to assess (1) whether lifestyle risk factors are related to work ability and sick leave in a general working population over time, and (2) these associations within specific disease groups (ie, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and mental illness). SETTING Telemark county, in the south-eastern part of Norway. DESIGN Longitudinal study with 5 years follow-up. PARTICIPANTS The Telemark study is a longitudinal study of the general working population in Telemark county, Norway, aged 16 to 50 years at baseline in 2013 (n=7952) and after 5-year follow-up. OUTCOME MEASURE Self-reported information on work ability (moderate and poor) and sick leave (short-term and long-term) was assessed at baseline, and during a 5-year follow-up. RESULTS Obesity (OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.32 to 2.05) and smoking (OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.35 to 1.96) were associated with long-term sick leave and, less strongly, with short-term sick leave. An unhealthy diet (OR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.43), and smoking (OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.25) were associated with poor work ability and, to a smaller extent, with moderate work ability. A higher lifestyle risk score was associated with both sick leave and reduced work ability. Only few associations were found between unhealthy lifestyle factors and sick leave or reduced work ability within disease groups. CONCLUSION Lifestyle risk factors were associated with sick leave and reduced work ability. To evaluate these associations further, studies assessing the effect of lifestyle interventions on sick leave and work ability are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Müller De Bortoli
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway - Campus Porsgrunn, Porsgrunn, Norway
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sykehuset Telemark HF, Skien, Norway
| | - Inger M Oellingrath
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway - Campus Porsgrunn, Porsgrunn, Norway
| | | | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan J W Robroek
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
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